ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2804-3670
Current Organisations
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
,
Australian National University
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Nuclear Physics | Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics | Synchrotrons; Accelerators; Instruments and Techniques | Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified | Particle Physics | Other Physical Sciences | High Energy Astrophysics; Cosmic Rays
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences | Expanding Knowledge in the Environmental Sciences | Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences | Nuclear Energy | Expanding Knowledge in the Chemical Sciences | Emerging Defence Technologies | Scientific Instruments |
Related Links
Publications
Radiative Neutron Capture Cross-Section Measurement of Ge Isotopes at n_TOF CERN Facility and Its Importance for Stellar Nucleosynthesis
Publisher: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
Date: 04-2021
Extraction of nuclear level densities from neutron spectra emitted in proton-induced reactions on lead isotopes and Bi
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 02-1995
New Work on Updating and Extending the Nuclear Data Standards
Publisher: ASTM International
Date: 04-2012
DOI: 10.1520/JAI104095
Speciation and Localization of Arsenic in White and Brown Rice Grains
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-01-2008
DOI: 10.1021/ES702212P
Abstract: Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence (S-XRF) was utilized to locate arsenic (As) in polished (white) and unpolished (brown) rice grains from the United States, China, and Bangladesh. In white rice As was generally dispersed throughout the grain, the bulk of which constitutes the endosperm. In brown rice As was found to be preferentially localized at the surface, in the region corresponding to the pericarp and aleurone layer. Copper, iron, manganese, and zinc localization followed that of arsenic in brown rice, while the location for cadmium and nickel was distinctly different, showing relatively even distribution throughout the endosperm. The localization of As in the outer grain of brown rice was confirmed by laser ablation ICP-MS. Arsenic speciation of all grains using spatially resolved X-ray absorption near edge structure (micro-XANES) and bulk extraction followed by anion exchange HPLC-ICP-MS revealed the presence of mainly inorganic As and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). However, the two techniques indicated different proportions of inorganic:organic As species. A wider survey of whole grain speciation of white (n=39) and brown (n=45) rice s les from numerous sources (field collected, supermarket survey, and pot trials) showed that brown rice had a higher proportion of inorganic arsenic present than white rice. Furthermore, the percentage of DMA present in the grain increased along with total grain arsenic.
Post-Traumatic Stress Impacts on Quality of Life in Children After Road Traffic Accidents: Prospective Study
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1080/00048670903001919
Abstract: Objective: There is little knowledge on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of injured children and adolescents after road traffic accidents (RTA). Although findings in injured adults suggest that post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) may be important predictors of HRQOL, this issue has never been prospectively examined in children. The aim of the present study was therefore to prospectively assess HRQOL in children after RTA and specifically examine the impact of PTSS on HRQOL. Method: Sixty-eight children (aged 6.5–14.5 years) were interviewed 1 month and 1 year after an RTA using the Child PTSD Reaction Index and the Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek-Academisch Ziekenhuis Leiden (TNO-AZL) Questionnaire for Children's Health-Related Quality of Life. Parents and physicians were assessed with questionnaires. Results: Eleven children (16.2%) showed moderate to severe post-traumatic stress reactions at 1 month, and 12 children (17.6%) at 1 year. At 1 month, patients reported reduced motor functioning and autonomy and impairments in some parts of emotional functioning compared to a community s le. At 1 year all dimensions of HRQOL were within or above normal ranges. Multivariate analysis indicated that PTSS at 1 month significantly predicted HRQOL at 1 year. Conclusions: This prospective study provides evidence for a long-term negative influence of early PTSS on HRQOL in injured children. The return of injured children to pre-injury HRQOL may therefore not only depend on optimal medical care but also on awareness and timely interventions regarding PTSS.
Double-differential neutron emission cross sections of 14-MeV neutron induced reactions on Na and Pb
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 09-1997
Settling the Half-Life ofFe
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 28-01-2015
40Ca(α,γ)44Ti and the production of44Ti in supernovae
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 13-12-2007
Validation of selected (n,2n) dosimetry reactions in IRDFF-1.05 library
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.APRADISO.2018.10.027
Abstract: Spectrum-averaged cross sections (SACS) have been measured in the reference
The activation method for cross section measurements in nuclear astrophysics
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2019
41Ca – a possible neutron specific biomarker in tooth enamel
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2004
Review and new concepts for neutron-capture measurements of astrophysical interest
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 10-2020
DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1668/1/012013
Abstract: The idea of slow-neutron capture nucleosynthesis formulated in 1957 triggered a tremendous experimental effort in different laboratories worldwide to measure the relevant nuclear physics input quantities, namely (n, γ) cross sections over the stellar temperature range (from few eV up to several hundred keV) for most of the isotopes involved from Fe up to Bi. A brief historical review focused on total energy detectors will be presented to illustrate how advances in instrumentation have led to the assessment of new aspects of s-process nucleosynthesis and to the progressive refinement of stellar models. A summary will be presented on current efforts to develop new detection concepts, such as the Total-Energy Detector with γ-ray imaging capability (i-TED). The latter is based on the simultaneous combination of Compton imaging with neutron time-of-flight (TOF) techniques, in order to achieve a superior level of sensitivity and selectivity in the measurement of stellar neutron capture rates.
The SABRE project and the SABRE Proof-of-Principle
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2019
Low-level measurement of 63Ni by means of accelerator mass spectrometry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2004
Preparation of a multi-isotope plutonium AMS standard and preliminary results of a first inter-lab comparison
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
Abundance of live 244Pu in deep-sea reservoirs on Earth points to rarity of actinide nucleosynthesis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-01-2015
DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS6956
Abstract: Half of the heavy elements including all actinides are produced in r -process nucleosynthesis, whose sites and history remain a mystery. If continuously produced, the Interstellar Medium is expected to build-up a quasi-steady state of abundances of short-lived nuclides (with half-lives ≤100 My), including actinides produced in r -process nucleosynthesis. Their existence in today’s interstellar medium would serve as a radioactive clock and would establish that their production was recent. In particular 244 Pu, a radioactive actinide nuclide (half-life=81 My), can place strong constraints on recent r -process frequency and production yield. Here we report the detection of live interstellar 244 Pu, archived in Earth’s deep-sea floor during the last 25 My, at abundances lower than expected from continuous production in the Galaxy by about 2 orders of magnitude. This large discrepancy may signal a rarity of actinide r -process nucleosynthesis sites, compatible with neutron-star mergers or with a small subset of actinide-producing supernovae.
The measurement programme at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Measurement of the240Pu(n,f) cross-section at the CERN n_TOF facility: First results from experimental area II (EAR-2)
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Accelerator mass spectrometry measurement of the reaction
Cl
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
08-01-2019
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 08-01-2019
Recent developments in the fire retardancy of polymeric materials
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2013
60 Fe deposition during the late Pleistocene and the Holocene echoes past supernova activity
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 24-08-2020
Abstract: Nearby supernova explosions shape the interstellar medium. Ejecta, containing fresh nucleosynthetic products, may traverse the solar system as a transient passage, or alternatively the solar system may traverse local clouds that may represent isolated remnants of supernova explosions. Such scenarios may modulate the galactic cosmic-ray flux intensity to which Earth is exposed. Varying conditions of the traversed interstellar medium could have impacts on climate and can be imprinted in the terrestrial geological record. Some radionuclides, such as 60 Fe, are not produced on Earth or within the solar system in significant quantities. Their existence in deep-sea sediments demonstrates recent production in close-by supernova explosions with a continued influx of 60 Fe until today.
Improvements and Extensions of the Neutron Cross Section and Fluence Standards
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2014
Stellar and thermal neutron capture cross section of
Be 9
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
14-01-2019
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 14-01-2019
Measurement and analysis of theAm 241 Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
24-05-2018
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 24-05-2018
The 40Ca(α,γ)44Ti reaction at DRAGON
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2007
New Nuclear Structure and Decay Results in the 76Ge–76As System
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2014
Development of isobar separation for 182Hf AMS measurements of astrophysical interest
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2007
Measurement of the 13C(n,$\gamma$) thermal cross section via neutron irradiation and AMS
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1140/EPJA/I2019-12893-0
Abstract: Ampoules of amorphous 99.5% enriched 13 C were irradiated at the PF1b neutron beam line at the high-flux ILL research reactor in order to produce 14 C atoms. The precise ratio of 14 C/ 13 C was subsequently measured at the VERA Accelerator Mass Spectrometer, allowing the 13 C(n, $ \\gamma$ γ ) 14 C thermal cross section to be accurately determined. This is the first measurement of this cross section at sub-eV energies via this technique and the result of $ 1.52 \\pm 0.07$ 1 . 52 ± 0 . 07 mb for the thermal cross section is in good agreement with other recent measurements which were performed via Prompt Gamma-ray Activation Analysis.
Neutron capture measurement at the n TOF facility of the 204Tl and 205Tl s-process branching points
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 10-2020
DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1668/1/012005
Abstract: Neutron capture cross sections are one of the fundamental nuclear data in the study of the s (slow) process of nucleosynthesis. More interestingly, the competition between the capture and the decay rates in some unstable nuclei determines the local isotopic abundance pattern. Since decay rates are often sensible to temperature and electron density, the study of the nuclear properties of these nuclei can provide valuable constraints to the physical magnitudes of the nucleosynthesis stellar environment. Here we report on the capture cross section measurement of two thallium isotopes, 204 Tl and 205 Tl performed by the time-of-flight technique at the n TOF facility at CERN. At some particular stellar s-process environments, the decay of both nuclei is strongly enhanced, and determines decisively the abundance of two s-only isotopes of lead, 204 Pb and 205 Pb. The latter, as a long-lived radioactive nucleus, has potential use as a chronometer of the last s-process events that contributed to final solar isotopic abundances.
Supernova-Produced
Mn
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
17-07-2020
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 17-07-2020
80Se(n,γ) cross-section measurement at CERN n TOF
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 10-2020
DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1668/1/012001
Abstract: Radiative neutron capture cross section measurements are of fundamental importance for the study of the slow neutron capture (s-) process of nucleosynthesis. This mechanism is responsible for the formation of most elements heavier than iron in the Universe. Particularly relevant are branching nuclei along the s-process path, which are sensitive to the physical conditions of the stellar environment. One such ex le is the branching at 79 Se (3.27 × 10 5 y), which shows a thermally dependent β -decay rate. However, an astrophysically consistent interpretation requires also the knowledge of the closest neighbour isotopes involved. In particular, the 80 Se(n, γ ) cross section directly affects the stellar yield of the “cold” branch leading to the formation of the s -only 82 Kr. Experimentally, there exists only one previous measurement on 80 Se using the time of flight (TOF) technique. However, the latter suffers from some limitations that are described in this presentation. These drawbacks have been significantly improved in a recent measurement at CERN n TOF. This contribution presents a summary of the latter measurement and the status of the data analysis.
41Ca in Tooth Enamel. Part I: A Biological Signature of Neutron Exposure in Atomic Bomb Survivors
Publisher: Radiation Research Society
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1667/RR2043.1
Measurement of the
U 238
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
12-2017
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 12-2017
Monte Carlo simulations and n-p differential scattering data measured with Proton Recoil Telescopes
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/202023901024
Abstract: The neutron-induced fission cross section of 235 U, a standard at thermal energy and between 0.15 MeV and 200 MeV, plays a crucial role in nuclear technology applications. The long-standing need of improving cross section data above 20 MeV and the lack of experimental data above 200 MeV motivated a new experimental c aign at the n_TOF facility at CERN. The measurement has been performed in 2018 at the experimental area 1 (EAR1), located at 185 m from the neutron-producing target (the experiment is presented by A. Manna et al. in a contribution to this conference). The 235 U(n,f) cross section from 20 MeV up to about 1 GeV has been measured relative to the 1 H(n,n) 1 H reaction, which is considered the primary reference in this energy region. The neutron flux impinging on the 235 U s le (a key quantity for determining the fission events) has been obtained by detecting recoil protons originating from n-p scattering in a C 2 H 4 s le. Two Proton Recoil Telescopes (PRT), consisting of several layers of solid-state detectors and fast plastic scintillators, have been located at proton scattering angles of 25.07° and 20.32°, out of the neutron beam. The PRTs exploit the ΔE-E technique for particle identification, a basic requirement for the rejection of charged particles from neutron-induced reactions in carbon. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations were performed to characterize proton transport through the different slabs of silicon and scintillation detectors, to optimize the experimental set-up and to deduce the efficiency of the whole PRT detector. In this work we compare measured data collected with the PRTs with a full Monte Carlo simulation based on the Geant-4 toolkit.
Search for Supernova-ProducedFe 60
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
19-09-2008
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 19-09-2008
Forthcoming (n, γ) measurements on the Fe and Ni isotopes at CERN n_TOF
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 2010
Imaging element distribution and speciation in plant cells
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.TPLANTS.2013.12.001
Abstract: To maintain cellular homeostasis, concentrations, chemical speciation, and localization of mineral nutrients and toxic trace elements need to be regulated. Imaging the cellular and subcellular localization of elements and measuring their in situ chemical speciation are challenging tasks that can be undertaken using synchrotron-based techniques, such as X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption spectrometry, and mass spectrometry-based techniques, such as secondary ion mass spectrometry and laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We review the advantages and limitations of these techniques, and discuss ex les of their applications, which have revealed highly heterogeneous distribution patterns of elements in different cell types, often varying in chemical speciation. Combining these techniques with molecular genetic approaches can unravel functions of genes involved in element homeostasis.
Do ammonia-oxidizing archaea respond to soil Cu contamination similarly asammonia-oxidizing bacteria?
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-03-2009
A new value for the half-life of 10Be by Heavy-Ion Elastic Recoil Detection and liquid scintillation counting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2010
Influence of Polymer-Clay Interfacial Interactions on the Ignition Time of Polymer/Clay Nanocomposites
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 11-08-2017
DOI: 10.3390/MA10080935
The first use of 236U in the general environment and near a shutdown nuclear power plant
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.APRADISO.2009.05.007
Abstract: We present a first effort to investigate (236)U in the environment near a shutdown nuclear power plant far away from highly contaminated sites, by using accelerator mass spectrometry. The detection limit of about 1pg (236)U allowed us to identify a minimal increase of the (236)U/(238)U isotopic ratio correlated to a peak of (137)Cs in river sediments downstream of the nuclear power plant, and to detect anthropogenic (236)U also upstream, where it is probably not related to the power plant but to global fallout. The (236)U content shoved variations of the (236)U/(238)U isotopic ratio in relation to the chemical-physical characteristics of the sediments. This demonstrates the potential of (236)U as an environmental tracer, and as an indicator for releases from nuclear facilities.
A compact fission detector for fission-tagging neutron capture experiments with radioactive fissile isotopes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Au 197
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
17-03-2011
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 17-03-2011
The 154Gd neutron capture cross section measured at the n_TOF facility and its astrophysical implications
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/202023907003
Abstract: The (n, γ ) cross sections of the gadolinium isotopes play an important role in the study of the stellar nucleosynthesis. In particular, among the isotopes heavier than Fe, 154 Gd together with 152 Gd have the peculiarity to be mainly produced by the slow capture process, the so-called s-process, since they are shielded against the β -decay chains from the r-process region by their stable samarium isobars. Such a quasi pure s-process origin makes them crucial for testing the robustness of stellar models in galactic chemical evolution (GCE). According to recent models, the 154 Gd and 152 Gd abundances are expected to be 15-20% lower than the reference un-branched s-process 150 Sm isotope. The close correlation between stellar abundances and neutron capture cross sections prompted for an accurate measurement of 154 Gd cross section in order to reduce the uncertainty attributable to nuclear physics input and eventually rule out one of the possible causes of present discrepancies between observation and model predictions. To this end, the neutron capture cross section of 154 Gd was measured in a wide neutron energy range (from thermal up to some keV) with high resolution in the first experimental area of the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF (EAR1) at CERN. In this contribution, after a brief description of the motivation and of the experimental setup used in the measurement, the preliminary results of the 154 Gd neutron capture reaction as well as their astrophysical implications are presented.
Activation Measurements for Thermal Neutrons, U.S. Measurements of 36Cl in Mineral Samples from Hiroshima and Nagasaki; and Measurement of 63 Ni in Copper Samples From Hiroshima by Accelerator Mass S
Publisher: Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
Date: 14-01-2005
DOI: 10.2172/835912
Spallation reactions in27
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
05-1997
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 05-1997
A study of soil formation rates using10Be in the wet-dry tropics of northern Australia
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2012
60Fe and244Pu deposited on Earth constrain the r-process yields of recent nearby supernovae
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 14-05-2021
Abstract: The rapid neutron capture process (r-process) produces many of the heavy chemical elements, but the astrophysical settings where it occurs remain unclear. Leading candidates are neutron star mergers and some types of supernovae. Wallner et al. analyzed the plutonium content of a deep-sea crust s le, identifying a few dozen atoms of the r-process isotope plutonium- 244 that were delivered to Earth within the past few million years. There was a simultaneous signal of iron-60, which is known to be produced in supernovae. Comparing the ratios of these isotopes constrains the relative contributions of supernovae and neutron star mergers to r-process nucleosynthesis. Science , this issue p. 742
Measurement of the
Ge 76
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
12-10-2021
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 12-10-2021
Preparation and characterization of 33S samples for 33S(n,α
Publisher:
Elsevier BV
Date:
05-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Measuring fast neutrons in Hiroshima at distances relevant to atomic-bomb survivors
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 31-07-2003
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE01815
Optimization of 10Be measurements at the 6 MV AMS facility DREAMS
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
AMS Applications in Nuclear Astrophysics: New Results for 13C(n,γ) 14C and 14N(n,p) 14C
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1071/AS11069
Abstract: The technique of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) offers a complementary tool for studying long-lived radionuclides in nuclear astrophysics: (1) as a tool for investigating nucleosynthesis in the laboratory and (2) via a direct search of live long-lived radionuclides in terrestrial archives as signatures of recent nearby supernova-events. A key ingredient to our understanding of nucleosynthesis is accurate cross-section data. AMS was applied for measurements of the neutron-induced cross sections 13 C(n, γ ) and 14 N(n,p), both leading to the long-lived radionuclide 14 C. Solid s les were irradiated at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology with neutrons closely resembling a Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution for kT = 25 keV, and with neutrons of energies between 123 and 178 keV. After neutron activation the amount of 14 C nuclides in the s les was measured by AMS at the VERA (Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator) facility. Both reactions, 13 C(n, γ ) 14 C and 14 N(n,p) 14 C, act as neutron poisons in s-process nucleosynthesis. However, previous experimental data are discordant. The new data for both reactions tend to be slightly lower than previous measurements for the 25 keV Maxwell–Boltzmann energy distribution. For the higher neutron energies no previous data did exist for 13 C(n, γ ), but model calculations indicated a strong resonance structure between 100 and 300 keV which is confirmed by our results. Very limited information is available for 14 N(n,p) at these energies. Our new data at 123 and 178 keV suggest lower cross sections than expected from previous experiments and data evaluations.
Measurement of the
Ge 70
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
17-10-2019
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 17-10-2019
First Measurement of 72Ge(n, γ) at n_TOF
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/201718402005
Abstract: The slow neutron capture process (s-process) is responsible for producing about half of the elemental abundances heavier than iron in the universe. Neutron capture cross sections on stable isotopes are a key nuclear physics input for s-process studies. The 72 Ge( n, γ ) cross section has an important influence on production of isotopes between Ge and Zr during s-process in massive stars and therefore experimental data are urgently required. 72 Ge( n, γ ) was measured at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF (CERN) for the first time at stellar energies. The measurement was performed using an enriched 72 GeO 2 s le at a flight path of 185m with a set of liquid scintillation detectors (C 6 D 6 ). The motivation, experiment and current status of the data analysis are reported.
Fracture toughness of nylon 6/organoclay/elastomer nanocomposites
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2007
Using the SBRC Assay to Predict Lead Relative Bioavailability in Urban Soils: Contaminant Source and Correlation Model
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-04-2016
Abstract: Using in vitro bioaccessibility assays to predict Pb relative bioavailability (RBA) in contaminated soils has been demonstrated, however, limited research was performed on urban soils having lower Pb levels. In this study, 162 soils from urban parks in 27 capital cities in China were measured for Pb bioaccessibility using the SBRC assay, with Pb-RBA in 38 subs les being measured using a mouse-kidney assay. Total Pb concentrations in soils were 9.3-1198 mg kg(-1), with 92% of the soils having Pb concentrations 100 mg kg(-1). On the basis of a stable isotope fingerprinting technique, coal combustion ash was identified as the major Pb source, contributing to the increased Pb bioaccessibility with increasing soil Pb concentration. Lead-RBA in soils was 17-87%, showing a strong linear correlation with Pb bioaccessibility (r(2) = 0.61), with cross validation of the correlation based on random subs ling and leave-one-out approaches yielding low prediction errors. On the basis of the large s le size of 38 soils, this study demonstrated that the Pb-RBA predictive capability of the SBRC assay can be extended from mining/smelting impacted soils to urban soils with lower Pb levels.
New Attempts to Understand Nanodiamond Stardust
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1071/AS11064
Abstract: We report on a concerted effort aimed at understanding the origin and history of the pre-solar nanodiamonds in meteorites including the astrophysical sources of the observed isotopic abundance signatures. This includes measurement of light elements by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), analysis of additional heavy trace elements by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and dynamic calculations of r-process nucleosynthesis with updated nuclear properties. Results obtained indicate that: (i) there is no evidence for the former presence of now-extinct 26 Al and 44 Ti in our diamond s les other than what can be attributed to silicon carbide and other ‘impurities’, and this does not offer support for a supernova (SN) origin but neither does it negate it (ii) analysis by AMS of platinum in ‘bulk diamond’ yields an overabundance of r-only 198 Pt that at face value seems more consistent with the neutron burst than with the separation model for the origin of heavy trace elements in the diamonds, although this conclusion is not firm given analytical uncertainties (iii) if the Xe–H pattern was established by an unadulterated r-process, it must have been a strong variant of the main r-process, which possibly could also account for the new observations in platinum.
Measurement of the $$^{244}$$ 244 Cm and $$^{246}$$ 246 Cm Neutron-Induced Cross Sections at the n_TOF Facility
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Showcasing microbial ecology research in China
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-2009
Electrical and dielectric properties of polypropylene nanocomposites based on carbon nanotubes and barium titanate nanoparticles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Extreme points of coherent probabilities in finite spaces
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2007
Magnesium suppression for 26Al measurements using AlO− ions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2004
Investigation of the
Pu 240
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
21-07-2020
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 21-07-2020
The 410,000 year terrestrial age of eucrite Río Cuarto 001
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2008
Characterization and First Test of an i-TED Prototype at CERN n_TOF
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Fast Neutrons Measured in Copper from the Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Dome
Publisher: Radiation Research Society
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1667/RR1436.1
Atom counting with accelerator mass spectrometry
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 28-09-2023
Experimental neutron capture data of 58Ni from the CERN n_TOF facility
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2015
41Ca in Tooth Enamel. Part II: A Means for Retrospective Biological Neutron Dosimetry in Atomic Bomb Survivors
Publisher: Radiation Research Society
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1667/RR2044.1
Addendum: Measuring fast neutrons in Hiroshima at distances relevant to atomic-bomb survivors
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2004
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE02684
Background reduction in 236U/238U measurements
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
Fire response of polyamide 6 with layered and fibrillar nanofillers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2010
Towards more precise 10Be and 36Cl data from measurements at the 10−14 level: Influence of sample preparation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2008
The Search for Supernova-Produced Radionuclides in Terrestrial Deep-Sea Archives
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1071/AS11070
Abstract: An enhanced concentration of 60 Fe was found in a deep ocean crust in 2004 in a layer corresponding to an age of ∼2 Myr. The confirmation of this signal in terrestrial archives as supernova-induced and the detection of other supernova-produced radionuclides is of great interest. We have identified two suitable marine sediment cores from the South Australian Basin and estimated the intensity of a possible signal of the supernova-produced radionuclides 26 Al, 53 Mn, 60 Fe, and the pure r -process element 244 Pu in these cores. The finding of these radionuclides in a sediment core might allow us to improve the time resolution of the signal and thus to link the signal to a supernova event in the solar vicinity ∼2 Myr ago. Furthermore, it gives us an insight into nucleosynthesis scenarios in massive stars, condensation into dust grains and transport mechanisms from the supernova shell into the solar system.
Cross section measurements of 155,157Gd(n,$\gamma$γ) induced by thermal and epithermal neutrons
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2019
Chemical and thermal reduction of graphene oxide and its electrically conductive polylactic acid nanocomposites
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2012
Novel Method to Study Neutron Capture ofU
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
14-05-2014
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 14-05-2014
Monte carlo simulations of the n_TOF lead spallation target with the Geant4 toolkit: A benchmark study
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Excitation functions for the production of long-lived residue nuclides in the reactionnatBi(p;xn,yp)Z
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 03-05-2011
Phenolic resin-enhanced three-dimensional graphene aerogels and their epoxy nanocomposites with high mechanical and electromagnetic interference shielding performances
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Transcrystalline Regions in the Vicinity of Nanofillers in Polyamide-6
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1021/MA0621122
Structural evolution of functionalized graphene sheets during solvothermal reduction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2013
Thermally Annealed Anisotropic Graphene Aerogels and Their Electrically Conductive Epoxy Composites with Excellent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Efficiencies
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-11-2016
Abstract: Dispersion and spatial distribution of graphene sheets play crucial roles in tailoring mechanical and functional properties of their polymer composites. Anisotropic graphene aerogels (AGAs) with highly aligned graphene networks are prepared by a directional-freezing followed by freeze-drying process and exhibit different microstructures and performances along the axial (freezing direction) and radial (perpendicular to the axial direction) directions. Thermal annealing at 1300 °C significantly enhances the quality of both AGAs and conventional graphene aerogels (GAs). The aligned graphene/epoxy composites show highly anisotropic mechanical and electrical properties and excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiencies at very low graphene loadings. Compared to the epoxy composite with 0.8 wt % thermally annealed GAs (TGAs) with an EMI shielding effectiveness of 27 dB, the aligned graphene/epoxy composite with 0.8 wt % thermally treated AGAs (TAGAs) has an enhanced EMI shielding effectiveness of 32 dB along the radial direction with a slightly decreased shielding effectiveness of 25 dB along the axial direction. With 0.2 wt % TAGA, its epoxy composite exhibits a shielding effectiveness of 25 dB along the radial direction, which meets the requirement of ∼20 dB for practical EMI shielding applications.
Comparison of methods for the detection of 10Be with AMS and a new approach based on a silicon nitride foil stack
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Ni 63 Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
30-10-2015
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 30-10-2015
Measurement of the
α (
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
20-10-2020
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 20-10-2020
Study of the 60Ni(n,2n)59Ni reaction from threshold to 20 MeV and the half-life of 59Ni
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1051/NDATA:07628
Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Li alloys with different rolling schedules and subsequent artificial ageing heat treatment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Be 7
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
24-07-2018
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 24-07-2018
Community Structure and Soil pH Determine Chemoautotrophic Carbon Dioxide Fixation in Drained Paddy Soils
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-06-2015
Antibiotics Disturb the Microbiome and Increase the Incidence of Resistance Genes in the Gut of a Common Soil Collembolan
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-01-2018
Abstract: Gut microbiota make an important contribution to host health but the effects of environmental pressures on the gut microbiota of soil fauna are largely uncharacterized. Here, we examine the effects of norfloxacin and oxytetracycline on the gut microbiome of the common soil collembolan Folsomia candida and concomitant changes in the incidence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut and in growth of the collembolan. Exposure to 10 mg antibiotics kg
Towards a measurement of the half-life of 60Fe for stellar and early Solar System models
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
Characterization of the n_TOF EAR-2 neutron beam
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
First direct measurement of theMg
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
29-04-2010
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 29-04-2010
129I in rainwater across Argentina
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVRAD.2022.106871
Abstract: Concentrations of
Genome Wide Association Mapping of Grain Arsenic, Copper, Molybdenum and Zinc in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grown at Four International Field Sites
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 25-02-2014
Neutron-induced fission cross section measurement of233U,241Am and243Am in the energy range 0.5 MeV ⩽En⩽ 20 MeV at n_TOF at CERN
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 28-09-2012
Results of a New Evaluation of the Neutron Standards
Publisher: ASTM International
Date: 11-2018
Measurement of the Mg(p,γ)Al reaction at stellar energies
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2002
Simultaneous measurement of neutron-induced capture and fission reactions at CERN
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2012
Nuclear astrophysics and AMS – Probing nucleosynthesis in the lab
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2010
Measurement of 73Ge(n,γ) cross sections and implications for stellar nucleosynthesis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
Stability optimisation of molecular electronic devices based on nanoelectrode–nanoparticle bridge platform in air and different storage liquids
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2014
New fit of thermal neutron constants (TNC) for233,235U,239,241Pu and252Cf(sf): Microscopic vs. maxwellian data
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Environmental Levels Of 129I Present In Bovine Thyroid And Fresh Water In Argentina
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3480228
Experimental setup and procedure for the measurement of the 7Be(n,p)7Li reaction at n_TOF
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
New and upgraded ionization chambers for AMS at the Australian National University
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Simulating ice core <sup>10</sup>Be on the glacial–interglacial timescale
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 03-02-2015
Abstract: Abstract. 10Be ice core measurements are an important tool for paleoclimate research, e.g., allowing for the reconstruction of past solar activity or changes in the geomagnetic dipole field. However, especially on multi-millennial timescales, the share of production and climate-induced variations of respective 10Be ice core records is still up for debate. Here we present the first quantitative climatological model of the 10Be ice concentration up to the glacial–interglacial timescale. The model approach is composed of (i) a coarse resolution global atmospheric transport model and (ii) a local 10Be air–firn transfer model. Extensive global-scale observational data of short-lived radionuclides as well as new polar 10Be snow-pit measurements are used for model calibration and validation. Being specifically configured for 10Be in polar ice, this tool thus allows for a straightforward investigation of production- and non-production-related modulation of this nuclide. We find that the polar 10Be ice concentration does not immediately record the globally mixed cosmogenic production signal. Using geomagnetic modulation and revised Greenland snow accumulation rate changes as model input, we simulate the observed Greenland Summit (GRIP and GISP2) 10Be ice core records over the last 75 kyr (on the GICC05modelext timescale). We show that our basic model is capable of reproducing the largest portion of the observed 10Be changes. However, model–measurement differences exhibit multi-millennial trends (differences up to 87% in case of normalized to the Holocene records) which call for closer investigation. Focusing on the (12–37) b2k (before the year AD 2000) period, mean model–measurement differences of 30% cannot be attributed to production changes. However, unconsidered climate-induced changes could likely explain the model–measurement mismatch. In fact, the 10Be ice concentration is very sensitive to snow accumulation changes. Here the reconstructed Greenland Summit (GRIP) snow accumulation rate record would require revision of +28% to solely account for the (12–37) b2k model–measurement differences.
Precise measurement of the thermal and stellar
Fe
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
28-08-2017
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 28-08-2017
Impact fracture behaviour of nylon 6-based ternary nanocomposites
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2010
Improved Neutron Capture Cross Section Measurements with the n_TOF Total Absorption Calorimeter
Publisher: Korean Physical Society
Date: 12-08-2011
DOI: 10.3938/JKPS.59.1813
$$^{7}$$ Be(n,p) $$^{7}$$ Li Cross Section Measurement for the Cosmological Lithium Problem at the n $$\_$$ TOF Facility at CERN
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Measurement ofMg 25
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
11-08-2006
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 11-08-2006
The Role of Fe and Ni for S-Process Nucleosynthesis and Innovative Nuclear Technologies
Publisher: Korean Physical Society
Date: 12-08-2011
DOI: 10.3938/JKPS.59.2106
Highly sensitive AMS measurements of 53Mn
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2010
Production of Long-lived Radionuclides 10Be, 14C, 53Mn, 55Fe, 59Ni and 202gPb in a Fusion Environment
Publisher: Korean Physical Society
Date: 12-08-2011
DOI: 10.3938/JKPS.59.1378
Performance of the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2013
Data for the s Process from n_TOF
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
The n_TOF facility: Neutron beams for challenging future measurements at CERN
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
New Method To Prepare Graphite Nanocomposites
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-02-2008
DOI: 10.1021/CM703285S
Continuous 25-yr aerosol records at coastal Antarctica: Part 2: variability of the radionuclides <sup>7</sup>Be, <sup>10</sup>Be
Publisher: Stockholm University Press
Date: 2011
Quantitative analyses of the abundance and composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea of a Chinese upland red soil under long-term fertilization practices (vol 9, pg 2364, 2007)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-11-2007
93Zr developments at the Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility at ANU
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Micro- and nano-scale deformation behavior of nylon 66-based binary and ternary nanocomposites
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2006
Definition of a standard neutron field with the7
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
29-05-2012
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 29-05-2012
Measurement of the 235U(n, f) cross section relative to the 6Li(n, t) and 10B(n,$ \alpha$) standards from thermal to 170 keV neutron energy range at n_TOF
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2019
The33S(n,α)30Si cross section measurement at n_TOF-EAR2 (CERN): From 0.01 eV to the resonance region
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Destruction of the cosmic
γ
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
30-08-2021
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 30-08-2021
First results of the 230Th(n,f) cross section measurements at the CERN n_TOF facility
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/202023905004
Abstract: The study of neutron-induced reactions on actinides is of considerable importance for the design of advanced nuclear systems and alternative fuel cycles. Specifically, 230 Th is produced from the α-decay of 234 U as a byproduct of the 232 Th/ 233 U fuel cycle, thus the accurate knowledge of its fission cross section is strongly required. However, few experimental datasets exist in literature with large deviations among them, covering the energy range between 0.2 to 25 MeV. In addition, the study of the 230 Th(n,f) cross-section is of great interest in the research on the fission process related to the structure of the fission barriers. Previous measurements have revealed a large resonance at E n =715 keV and additional fine structures, but with high discrepancies among the cross-section values of these measurements. This contribution presents preliminary results of the 230 Th(n,f) cross-section measurements at the CERN n_TOF facility. The high purity targets of the natural, but very rare isotope 230 Th, were produced at JRC-Geel in Belgium. The measurements were performed at both experimental areas (EAR-1 and EAR-2) of the n_TOF facility, covering a very broad energy range from thermal up to at least 100 MeV. The experimental setup was based on Micromegas detectors with the 235 U(n,f) and 238 U(n,f) reaction cross-sections used as reference.
Thermal neutron capture cross section of the radioactive isotopeFe
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 23-07-2015
Cosmic-ray-induced 63Ni --A potential confounder of fast-neutron-induced 63Ni in copper samples from Hiroshima
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2003
A new evaluation of the neutron data standards
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Relationship between 129I and 127I contents in bovine thyroid glands from Argentina
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Nuclear weapons produced 236U, 239Pu and 240Pu archived in a Porites Lutea coral from Enewetak Atoll
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVRAD.2017.05.009
Abstract: A slice from a Porites Lutea coral core collected inside the Enewetak Atoll lagoon, within 15 km of all major nuclear tests conducted at the atoll, was analysed for
Neutron-induced 63Ni in copper samples from Hiroshima and Nagasaki: a comprehensive presentation of results obtained at the Munich Maier-Leibnitz Laboratory
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-09-2007
DOI: 10.1007/S00411-007-0126-Z
Abstract: Those inhabitants of Hiroshima and Nagasaki who were affected by the A-bomb explosions, were exposed to a mixed neutron and gamma radiation field. Few years later about 120,000 survivors of both cities were selected, and since then radiation-induced late effects such as leukemia and solid tumors are being investigated in this cohort. When the present study was initiated, the fast neutron fluences that caused the neutron doses of these survivors had never been determined experimentally. In principle, this would have been possible if radioisotopes produced by fast neutrons from the A-bomb explosions had been detected in s les from Hiroshima and Nagasaki at distances where the inhabitants survived. However, no suitable radioisotope had so far been identified. As a contribution to a large international effort to re-evaluate the A-bomb dosimetry, the concentration of the radionuclide (63)Ni (half-life 100.1 years) has been measured in copper s les from Hiroshima and Nagasaki. These measurements were mainly performed at the Maier-Leibnitz-Laboratory in Munich, Germany, by means of accelerator mass spectrometry. Because the (63)Ni had been produced in these s les by fast A-bomb neutrons via the reaction (63)Cu(n,p)(63)Ni, these measurements allow direct experimental validation of calculated neutron doses to the members of the LSS cohort, for the first time. The results of these efforts have already been published in a compact form. A more detailed discussion of the methodical aspects of these measurements and their results are given in the present paper. Eight copper s les that had been significantly exposed to fast neutrons from the Hiroshima A-bomb explosion were investigated. In general, measured (63)Ni concentrations decreased in these s les with increasing distance to the hypocenter, from 4 x 10(6 ) (63)Ni nuclei per gram copper at 391 m, to about 1 x 10(5 ) (63)Ni nuclei per gram copper at about 1,400 m. Additional measurements performed on three large-distant copper s les from Hiroshima (distance to the hypocenter 1,880-7,500 m) and on three large-distant copper s les from Nagasaki (distance to the hypocenter 3,931-4,428 m) that were not exposed significantly to A-bomb neutrons, suggest a typical background concentration of about 8 x 10(4 ) (63)Ni nuclei per gram copper. If the observed background is accounted for, the results are consistent with state-of-the-art neutron transport calculations for Hiroshima, in particular for those distances where the victims survived and were included in the life span study cohort.
Anthropogenic 236U and Pu at remote sites of the South Pacific
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVRAD.2019.05.003
Abstract: Anthropogenic radionuclides, like
Experimental study ofα-induced reactions on64Zn for the astrophysicalγ-process
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 08-02-2012
Characterization of SABRE crystal NaI-33 with direct underground counting
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2021
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-021-09098-5
Abstract: Ultra-pure NaI(Tl) crystals are the key element for a model-independent verification of the long standing DAMA result and a powerful means to search for the annual modulation signature of dark matter interactions. The SABRE collaboration has been developing cutting-edge techniques for the reduction of intrinsic backgrounds over several years. In this paper we report the first characterization of a 3.4 kg crystal, named NaI-33, performed in an underground passive shielding setup at LNGS. NaI-33 has a record low $$^{39}$$ 39 K contamination of 4.3 ± 0.2 ppb as determined by mass spectrometry. We measured a light yield of 11.1 ± 0.2 photoelectrons/keV and an energy resolution of 13.2% (FWHM/E) at 59.5 keV. We evaluated the activities of $$^{226}$$ 226 Ra and $$^{228}$$ 228 Th inside the crystal to be $$5.9\\pm 0.6~\\upmu $$ 5.9 ± 0.6 μ Bq/kg and $$1.6\\pm 0.3~\\upmu $$ 1.6 ± 0.3 μ Bq/kg, respectively, which would indicate a contamination from $$^{238}$$ 238 U and $$^{232}$$ 232 Th at part-per-trillion level. We measured an activity of 0.51 ± 0.02 mBq/kg due to $$^{210}$$ 210 Pb out of equilibrium and a $$\\alpha $$ α quenching factor of 0.63 ± 0.01 at 5304 keV. We illustrate the analyses techniques developed to reject electronic noise in the lower part of the energy spectrum. A cut-based strategy and a multivariate approach indicated a rate, attributed to the intrinsic radioactivity of the crystal, of $$\\sim $$ ∼ 1 count/day/kg/keV in the [5–20] keV region.
Measurements of low-level anthropogenic radionuclides from soils around Maralinga
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2013
Simulating ice core <sup>10</sup>Be on the glacial–interglacial timescale
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 26-02-2014
Abstract: Abstract. 10Be ice core measurements are an important tool for paleoclimate research, e.g. allowing for the reconstruction of past solar activity or variation in the natural 14C production rate. However, especially on multi-millennial timescales, the share of production and climate induced variations of respective 10Be ice core records is still up to debate. Here we present the first quantitative climatological model of the 10Be ice concentration up to the glacial–interglacial timescale. The model approach is composed of (i) a coarse resolution global atmospheric transport model and (ii) a local 10Be air–firn-transfer model. Extensive global-scale observational data of short-lived radionuclides as well as new polar 10Be snow pit measurements are used for model calibration and validation. Being specifically configured for polar 10Be, this tool thus allows for a straight-forward investigation of production and non-production related modulation of this nuclide. We find that the polar 10Be ice concentration does not record a globally mixed cosmogenic production signal. In fact, the geomagnetic modulation of Greenland 10Be is up to 50% lower than in case of the global atmospheric 10Be inventory. Using geomagnetic modulation and revised Greenland snow accumulation rate changes as model input we simulate the observed Greenland Summit (GRIP and GISP2) 10Be ice core records over the last 75 kyr (on the GICC05modelext timescale). We show that our basic model is capable to reproduce the largest portion of the observed 10Be changes. However, model-measurements differences exhibit multi-millennial oscillations with litudes up to 87% of the mean observed Holocene 10Be concentration. Focusing on the (12–37) kyr b2k (before the year 2000 AD) period, mean model-measurements differences of 30% cannot be imputed to production changes. However, unconsidered climate-induced changes could likely explain the model shortcomings. In fact, the 10Be ice concentration is very sensitive to snow accumulation changes. Here the reconstructed Greenland Summit (GRIP) snow accumulation rate record would require revision of +28% to solely account for the (12–37) kyr b2k measurements-model differences.
Measurement of the
72 Ge ( n
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
27-04-2021
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 27-04-2021
Potential ecological footprints of active pharmaceutical ingredients: an examination of risk factors in low-, middle- and high-income countries
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 19-11-2014
Abstract: Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can enter the natural environment during manufacture, use and/or disposal, and consequently public concern about their potential adverse impacts in the environment is growing. Despite the bulk of the human population living in Asia and Africa (mostly in low- or middle-income countries), limited work relating to research, development and regulations on APIs in the environment have so far been conducted in these regions. Also, the API manufacturing sector is gradually shifting to countries with lower production costs. This paper focuses mainly on APIs for human consumption and highlights key differences between the low-, middle- and high-income countries, covering factors such as population and demographics, manufacture, prescriptions, treatment, disposal and reuse of waste and wastewater. The striking differences in populations (both human and animal), urbanization, sewer connectivity and other factors have revealed that the environmental compartments receiving the bulk of API residues differ markedly between low- and high-income countries. High sewer connectivity in developed countries allows capture and treatment of the waste stream (point-source). However, in many low- or middle-income countries, sewerage connectivity is generally low and in some areas waste is collected predominantly in septic systems. Consequently, the diffuse-source impact, such as on groundwater from leaking septic systems or on land due to disposal of raw sewage or septage, may be of greater concern. A screening level assessment of potential burdens of APIs in urban and rural environments of countries representing low- and middle-income as well as high-income has been made. Implications for ecological risks of APIs used by humans in lower income countries are discussed.
A novel beam focus control at the entrance to the ANU 14UD accelerator
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2013
Determination of total I and129I concentrations in freshwater of Argentina
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2013
Half-life ofHf 183
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
13-11-2006
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 13-11-2006
AMS measurements of cosmogenic and supernova-ejected radionuclides in deep-sea sediment cores
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2013
First Results of the 140Ce(n,γ)141Ce Cross-Section Measurement at n_TOF
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-06-2021
Abstract: An accurate measurement of the 140Ce(n,γ) energy-dependent cross-section was performed at the n_TOF facility at CERN. This cross-section is of great importance because it represents a bottleneck for the s-process nucleosynthesis and determines to a large extent the cerium abundance in stars. The measurement was motivated by the significant difference between the cerium abundance measured in globular clusters and the value predicted by theoretical stellar models. This discrepancy can be ascribed to an overestimation of the 140Ce capture cross-section due to a lack of accurate nuclear data. For this measurement, we used a s le of cerium oxide enriched in 140Ce to 99.4%. The experimental apparatus consisted of four deuterated benzene liquid scintillator detectors, which allowed us to overcome the difficulties present in the previous measurements, thanks to their very low neutron sensitivity. The accurate analysis of the p-wave resonances and the calculation of their average parameters are fundamental to improve the evaluation of the 140Ce Maxwellian-averaged cross-section.
Continuous transport of Pacific-derived anthropogenic radionuclides towards the Indian Ocean
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-03-2017
DOI: 10.1038/SREP44679
Abstract: Unusually high concentrations of americium and plutonium have been observed in a sediment core collected from the eastern Lombok Basin between Sumba and Sumbawa Islands in the Indonesian Archipelago. Gamma spectrometry and accelerator mass spectrometry data together with radiometric dating of the core provide a high-resolution record of ongoing deposition of anthropogenic radionuclides. A plutonium signature characteristic of the Pacific Proving Grounds (PPG) dominates in the first two decades after the start of the high yield atmospheric tests in 1950’s. Approximately 40–70% of plutonium at this site in the post 1970 period originates from the PPG. This sediment record of transuranic isotopes deposition over the last 55 years provides evidence for the continuous long-distance transport of particle-reactive radionuclides from the Pacific Ocean towards the Indian Ocean.
Characterization of the New n_TOF Neutron Beam: Fluence, Profile and Resolution
Publisher: Korean Physical Society
Date: 12-08-2011
DOI: 10.3938/JKPS.59.1624
129I present in Bovine Thyroid in Argentina
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 23-09-2011
Corrigendum to “Evaluation of the Neutron Data Standards” [Nucl. Data Sheets 148, p. 143 (2018)]
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
A new fast-cycling system for AMS at ANU
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
236U and 239,240Pu ratios from soils around an Australian nuclear weapons test site
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVRAD.2015.06.020
Abstract: The isotopes (236)U, (239)Pu and (240)Pu are present in surface soils as a result of global fallout from nuclear weapons tests carried out in the 1950's and 1960's. These isotopes potentially constitute artificial tracers of recent soil erosion and sediment movement. Only Accelerator Mass Spectrometry has the requisite sensitivity to measure all three isotopes at these environmental levels. Coupled with its relatively high throughput capabilities, this makes it feasible to conduct studies of erosion across the geographical extent of the Australian continent. In the Australian context, however, global fallout is not the only source of these isotopes. As part of its weapons development program the United Kingdom carried out a series of atmospheric and surface nuclear weapons tests at Maralinga, South Australia in 1956 and 1957. The tests have made a significant contribution to the Pu isotopic abundances present in the region around Maralinga and out to distances ∼1000 km, and impact on the assessment techniques used in the soil and sediment tracer studies. Quantification of the relative fallout contribution derived from detonations at Maralinga is complicated owing to significant contamination around the test site from numerous nuclear weapons safety trials that were also carried out around the site. We show that (236)U can provide new information on the component of the fallout that is derived from the local nuclear weapons tests, and highlight the potential of (236)U as a new fallout tracer.
Past, Present and Future of the n_TOF Facility at CERN
Publisher: Korean Physical Society
Date: 12-08-2011
DOI: 10.3938/JKPS.59.1620
Quality assurance in accelerator mass spectrometry: Results from an international round-robin exercise for 10Be
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2012
Nano-fabrication of molecular electronic junctions by targeted modification of metal-molecule bonds
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-09-2015
DOI: 10.1038/SREP14431
Abstract: Reproducibility, stability and the coupling between electrical and molecular properties are central challenges in the field of molecular electronics. The field not only needs devices that fulfill these criteria but they also need to be up-scalable to application size. In this work, few-molecule based electronics devices with reproducible electrical characteristics are demonstrated. Our previously reported 5 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNP) coated with ω-triphenylmethyl (trityl) protected 1,8-octanedithiol molecules are trapped in between sub-20 nm gap spacing gold nanoelectrodes forming AuNP-molecule network. When the trityl groups are removed, reproducible devices and stable Au-thiol junctions are established on both ends of the alkane segment. The resistance of more than 50 devices is reduced by orders of magnitude as well as a reduction of the spread in the resistance histogram is observed. By density functional theory calculations the orders of magnitude decrease in resistance can be explained and supported by TEM observations thus indicating that the resistance changes and strongly improved resistance spread are related to the establishment of reproducible and stable metal-molecule bonds. The same experimental sequence is carried out using 1,6-hexanedithiol functionalized AuNPs. The average resistances as a function of molecular length, demonstrated herein, are comparable to the one found in single molecule devices.
Evaluation of the Neutron Data Standards
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
The Neutron Time-Of-Flight Facility ṉTOF At CERN: Phase II
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3586160
Limits on Supernova-Associated
Fe
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
27-11-2018
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 27-11-2018
New Work on Updating and Extending the Nuclear Data Standards
Publisher: ASTM International
Date: 04-2012
DOI: 10.1520/STP49609T
On Toughness and Stiffness of Poly(butylene terephthalate) with Epoxide‐Containing Elastomer by Reactive Extrusion
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-08-2004
The old, unique C1 chondrite Flensburg – Insight into the first processes of aqueous alteration, brecciation, and the diversity of water-bearing parent bodies and lithologies
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
ColPuS, a new multi-isotope plutonium standard for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Evaluation of the Fast Neutron Cross Sections of 46, 47, 48, 49, 50Ti Including Complete Covariance Information
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.1063/1.1944961
In-situ combustion synthesis of ultrafine TiB2particles reinforced Cu matrix composite
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2004
Dissemination of data measured at the CERN n_TOF facility
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Response to the comment on “Neutron-induced 63Ni in copper samples from Hiroshima and Nagasaki: a comprehensive presentation of results obtained at the Munich Maier-Leibnitz Laboratory” by W. Rühm, K.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2008
Evaluations of the fast neutron cross sections of 182,183,184,186W and 181Ta including complete covariance information
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1051/NDATA:07362
Measurement of the thermal neutron capture cross section and the resonance integral of radioactive
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
30-04-2008
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 30-04-2008
Coulomb and Nuclear Breakup at Low Energies: Scaling Laws
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2013
Toward a New Evaluation of Neutron Standards
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2016
Measurement of the 209Bi(n,γ)210Big cross section and updated s-process analysis of the Pb/Bi region
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1051/NDATA:07488
The Peculiar Binary System AE Aquarii from its Characteristic Multi-wavelength Emission
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2014
Biomolecule Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Chainlike Network of Silver Sulfide Nanostructures
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Date: 02-2008
DOI: 10.1166/JNN.2008.023
Preparation and investigation of ultra-thin diamond-like carbon (DLC) foils reinforced with collodion
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2006
129I Dispersion in Argentina: Concentrations in Fresh and Marine Water and Deposition Fluences in Patagonia
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-08-2013
DOI: 10.1021/ES400610H
Abstract: Measurements of total iodine (I) and iodine-129 ((129)I) concentrations in rivers and lakes of Argentina are presented. Their latitudinal distribution can be explained by taking into account their main sources (oceanic emissions and biomass burning for I, and atmospheric nuclear tests for (129)I), transport mechanisms, and fallout patterns. From the measured (129)I concentrations in the studied lakes, deposition fluences for their catchment areas were estimated. These results agree with a model of the global deposition pattern due to the (129)I released by atmospheric nuclear weapon tests and with other fluences reported for the southern hemisphere. In addition, the first measurements of (129)I in shallow seawater from the South Atlantic Ocean are presented and discussed.
Unrecognized Sources of Uncertainties (USU) in Experimental Nuclear Data
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Long-term field application of sewage sludge increases the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in soil
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVINT.2016.03.026
Abstract: Sewage sludge and manure are common soil amendments in crop production however, their impact on the abundance and ersity of the antibiotic resistome in soil remains elusive. In this study, by using high-throughput sequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR, the patterns of bacterial community and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in a long-term field experiment were investigated to gain insights into these impacts. A total of 130 unique ARGs and 5 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected and the long-term application of sewage sludge and chicken manure significantly increased the abundance and ersity of ARGs in the soil. Genes conferring resistance to beta-lactams, tetracyclines, and multiple drugs were dominant in the s les. Sewage sludge or chicken manure applications caused significant enrichment of 108 unique ARGs and MGEs with a maximum enrichment of up to 3845 folds for mexF. The enrichment of MGEs suggested that the application of sewage sludge or manure may accelerate the dissemination of ARGs in soil through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Based on the co-occurrence pattern of ARGs subtypes revealed by network analysis, aacC, oprD and mphA-02, were proposed to be potential indicators for quantitative estimation of the co-occurring ARGs subtypes abundance by power functions. The application of sewage sludge and manure resulted in significant increase of bacterial ersity in soil, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi were the dominant phyla (>10% in each s le). Five bacterial phyla (Chloroflexi, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes and Bacteroidetes) were found to be significantly correlated with the ARGs in soil. Mantel test and variation partitioning analysis (VPA) suggested that bacterial community shifts, rather than MGEs, is the major driver shaping the antibiotic resistome. Additionally, the co-occurrence pattern between ARGs and microbial taxa revealed by network analysis indicated that four bacterial families might be potential hosts of ARGs. These results may shed light on the mechanism underlining the effects of amendments of sewage sludge or manure on the occurrence and dissemination of ARGs in soil.
Influence of metal ions on thermo-oxidative stability and combustion response of polyamide 6/clay nanocomposites
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Destruction of the cosmic
γ
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
22-09-2021
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 22-09-2021
The 236U neutron capture cross-section measured at the n_TOF CERN facility
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Neutron Capture Cross Section of UnstableNi 63
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
08-01-2013
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 08-01-2013
Measurement of the 154Gd(n,γ) cross section and its astrophysical implications
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Evaluations of the Fast Neutron Cross Sections of58Ni,60Ni and28Si Including Complete Covariance Information
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2002
Setup for the measurement of the 235U(n, f) cross section relative to n-p scattering up to 1 GeV
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/202023901008
Abstract: The neutron induced fission of 235 U is extensively used as a reference for neutron fluence measurements in various applications, ranging from the investigation of the biological effectiveness of high energy neutrons, to the measurement of high energy neutron cross sections of relevance for accelerator driven nuclear systems. Despite its widespread use, no data exist on neutron induced fission of 235 U above 200 MeV. The neutron facility n_TOF offers the possibility to improve the situation. The measurement of 235 U(n,f) relative to the differential n-p scattering cross-section, was carried out in September 2018 with the aim of providing accurate and precise cross section data in the energy range from 10 MeV up to 1 GeV. In such measurements, Recoil Proton Telescopes (RPTs) are used to measure the neutron flux while the fission events are detected and counted with dedicated detectors. In this paper the measurement c aign and the experimental set-up are illustrated.
Constraints on the dipole photon strength for the odd uranium isotopes
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 24-02-2022
Neutron capture cross section measurements of 241Am at the n_TOF facility
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/202023901009
Abstract: Neutron capture on 241 Am plays an important role in the nuclear energy production and also provides valuable information for the improvement of nuclear models and the statistical interpretation of the nuclear properties. A new experiment to measure the 241 Am(n, γ ) cross section in the thermal region and the first few resonances below 10 eV has been carried out at EAR2 of the n_TOF facility at CERN. Three neutron-insensitive C 6 D 6 detectors have been used to measure the neutron-capture gamma cascade as a function of the neutron time of flight, and then deduce the neutron capture yield. Preliminary results will be presented and compared with previously obtained results at the same facility in EAR1. In EAR1 the gamma-ray background at thermal energies was about 90% of the signal while in EAR2 is up to a 25 factor much more favorable signal to noise ratio. We also extended the low energy limit down to subthermal energies. This measurement will allow a comparison with neutron capture measurements conducted at reactors and using a different experimental technique.
Neutron Capture on the
s
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
02-10-2020
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 02-10-2020
Monte Carlo simulation of the SABRE PoP background
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
7Be(n,α) and 7Be(n,p) cross-section measurement for the cosmological lithium problem at the n_TOF facility at CERN
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
F 60
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
22-10-2004
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 22-10-2004
197Au(n,γ) - towards a new standard for energies relevant to stellar nucleosynthesis
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 08-02-2012
An alternative method for the measurement of stellar nuclear-reaction rates
Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 06-2003
Determination of plutonium in environmental samples by AMS and alpha spectrometry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2005
DOI: 10.1016/J.APRADISO.2005.05.012
Abstract: Environmental s les from nuclear weapons test sites at the atolls of Mururoa and Fangataufa (French Polynesia, south Pacific) have been analyzed for their content of plutonium isotopes by applying the independent techniques of decay counting (Alpha Spectrometry) and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Here, we propose the combination of both techniques which results in a maximum of information on the isotopic signature of Pu in environmental s les. Plutonium was chemically separated from the bulk material by anion exchange. (242)Pu was used as an internal standard for both AMS and alpha spectrometry. The s les for alpha spectrometry were prepared by micro-precipitation with NdF(3). After alpha spectrometry, the s les were reprocessed for AMS. Pu was co-precipitated with Fe(OH)(3) and finally, solid s les were prepared. At the VERA (Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator) facility, the various Pu isotopes were separated by their isotopic masses and quantified by the AMS technique. A good agreement of the results obtained from the AMS measurements was found with those obtained from Alpha Spectrometry. Overall, the data agree on average within 10% of each other. Isotope ratios for (238)Pu, (239)Pu and (240)Pu can be extracted from our investigations. Alpha spectrometry delivers data for the (238)Pu and the combination of ((239+240))Pu concentrations in those s les. In addition, the AMS technique provides information on the in idual concentrations of (240)Pu and (239)Pu.
The quest for AMS of 182Hf – why poor gas gives pure beams
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/202023202003
Abstract: The long-lived radioisotope 182 Hf (T 1/2 = 8.9 Ma) is of high astrophysical interest as its potential abundance in environmental archives would provide insight into recent r-process nucleosynthesis in the vicinity of our solar system. Despite substantial efforts, it could not be measured at natural abundances with conventional AMS so far due to strong isobaric interference from stable 182W. Equally important is an increase in ion source efficiency for the anions of interest. The new Ion Laser InterAction Mass Spectrometry (ILIAMS) technique at VERA tackles the problem of elemental selectivity in AMS with a novel approach. It achieves near-complete suppression of isobar contaminants via selective laser photodetachment of decelerated anion beams in a gas-filled radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) ion cooler. The technique exploits differences in electron affinities (EA) within elemental or molecular isobaric systems neutralizing anions with EAs smaller than the photon energy. Alternatively, these differences in EA can also facilitate anion separation via chemical reactions with the buffer gas. We present first results with this approach on AMS-detection of 182 Hf. With He +O 2 mixtures as buffer gas in the RFQ, suppression of 182 WF 5 − vs 180 HfF 5 − by 5 has been demonstrated. Mass analysis of the ejected anion beam identified the formation of oxyfluorides as an important reaction channel. The overall Hf-detection efficiency at VERA presently is 1.4% and the W-corrected blank value is 182 Hf/ 180 Hf = (3.4 ± 2.1)×10 −14 . In addition, a survey of different s le materials for highest negative ion yields of HfF 5 − with Cs-sputtering has been conducted.
Three dimensional graphene aerogels and their electrically conductive composites
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
Investigation of 54Fe(n,γ)55Fe and 35Cl(n, γ)36Cl reaction cross sections at keV energies by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/202023202005
Abstract: Activations with neutrons in the keV energy range were routinely performed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in Germany in order to simulate stellar conditions for neutron-capture cross sections. A quasi-Maxwell-Boltzmann neutron spectrum of kT = 25 keV, being of interest for the astrophysical s-process, was produced by the 7 Li(p,n) reaction utilizing a 1912 keV proton beam at the Karlsruhe Van de Graaff accelerator. Activated s les resulting in long-lived nuclear reaction products with half-lives in the order of yr 100 Myr were analyzed by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). Comparison of the obtained reaction cross sections to literature data from previous Time-of-Flight (ToF) measurements showed that the selected AMS data are systematically lower than the ToF data. To investigate this discrepancy, 54 Fe(n,γ) 55 Fe and 35 Cl(n,γ) 36 Cl reaction cross sections were newly measured at the Frankfurt Neutron Source (FRANZ) in Germany. To complement the existing data, an additional neutron activation of 54 Fe and 35 Cl at a proton energy of 2 MeV was performed. The results will give implications for the stellar environment at kT = 90 keV, reaching the not yet experimentally explored high-energy s-process range. AMS measurements of the activated s les are scheduled.
53 Mn and 60 Fe in iron meteorites—New data, model calculations
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-03-2020
DOI: 10.1111/MAPS.13466
Charge state distribution studies of SrF3, MnF3 and CaF3 molecules using single and double stripping in a Tandem accelerator
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
New measurement of the 242Pu(n,γ) cross section at n_TOF-EAR1 for MOX fuels: Preliminary results in the RRR
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
High-accuracy determination of the neutron flux in the new experimental area n_TOF-EAR2 at CERN
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-2017
Evaluation of a sensitive, reasonable, and fast detection method for 55Fe in steel
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-10-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S10967-021-08000-7
Abstract: A pilot study to quantify 55 Fe in steel from a reactor vessel of a nuclear power plant by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) without any chemical s le preparation was validated by liquid scintillation counting (LSC) and AMS after radiochemical separation. AMS reaches an uncertainty 10% at the 1 kBq g Fe −1 level within less than 10 min measuring time. The background was 3 Bq g Fe −1 , presently limited by the short measurement time. The new instrumental AMS method for analysing 55 Fe from neutron capture production is reasonable and fast compared to other analytical methods.
The Nuclear Astrophysics program at n_TOF (CERN)
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
A new approach to polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2003
Presolar nanodiamonds: faster, cleaner, and limits on platinum-HL
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2003
Mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of nylon 66/montmorillonite nanocomposites fabricated by melt compounding
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2004
DOI: 10.1002/PI.1498
Time-of-flight and activation experiments on147Pm and171Tm for astrophysics
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Accelerator mass spectrometry with ANU’s 14 million volt accelerator
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Measurement and resonance analysis of the
S
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 04-06-2018
Characterization and improvement of thin natural diamond detectors for spectrometry of heavy ions below 1MeV/amu
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2008
Reciprocal translocation in a case of canine basal cell carcinoma
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-1998
DOI: 10.1111/J.1748-5827.1998.TB03603.X
Abstract: A case of basal cell carcinoma in a 10‐year‐old spaniel dog was analysed cytogenetically. A reciprocal translocation t(10 ) was detectable.
Accelerator mass spectrometry measurements of theC
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
11-04-2016
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 11-04-2016
Recent Work Leading Towards a New Evaluation of the Neutron Standards
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
The radioactive nuclei and in the Cosmos and in the solar system
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1017/PASA.2021.48
Abstract: The cosmic evolution of the chemical elements from the Big Bang to the present time is driven by nuclear fusion reactions inside stars and stellar explosions. A cycle of matter recurrently re-processes metal-enriched stellar ejecta into the next generation of stars. The study of cosmic nucleosynthesis and this matter cycle requires the understanding of the physics of nuclear reactions, of the conditions at which the nuclear reactions are activated inside the stars and stellar explosions, of the stellar ejection mechanisms through winds and explosions, and of the transport of the ejecta towards the next cycle, from hot plasma to cold, star-forming gas. Due to the long timescales of stellar evolution, and because of the infrequent occurrence of stellar explosions, observational studies are challenging, as they have biases in time and space as well as different sensitivities related to the various astronomical methods. Here, we describe in detail the astrophysical and nuclear-physical processes involved in creating two radioactive isotopes useful in such studies, $^{26}\\mathrm{Al}$ and $^{60}\\mathrm{Fe}$ . Due to their radioactive lifetime of the order of a million years, these isotopes are suitable to characterise simultaneously the processes of nuclear fusion reactions and of interstellar transport. We describe and discuss the nuclear reactions involved in the production and destruction of $^{26}\\mathrm{Al}$ and $^{60}\\mathrm{Fe}$ , the key characteristics of the stellar sites of their nucleosynthesis and their interstellar journey after ejection from the nucleosynthesis sites. This allows us to connect the theoretical astrophysical aspects to the variety of astronomical messengers presented here, from stardust and cosmic-ray composition measurements, through observation of $\\gamma$ rays produced by radioactivity, to material deposited in deep-sea ocean crusts and to the inferred composition of the first solids that have formed in the Solar System. We show that considering measurements of the isotopic ratio of $^{26}\\mathrm{Al}$ to $^{60}\\mathrm{Fe}$ eliminate some of the unknowns when interpreting astronomical results, and discuss the lessons learned from these two isotopes on cosmic chemical evolution. This review paper has emerged from an ISSI-BJ Team project in 2017–2019, bringing together nuclear physicists, astronomers, and astrophysicists in this inter-disciplinary discussion.
Zr 92 (
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
24-02-2022
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 24-02-2022
Measurement of the stellarNi 58
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
09-03-2021
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 09-03-2021
Continuous 25-yr aerosol records at coastal Antarctica Part 2: variability of the radionuclides7Be,10Be and210Pb
Publisher: Stockholm University Press
Date: 11-2011
Development of 231Pa AMS measurements to improve radiological dose assessment from uranium mining and milling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Extension of the measuring capabilities at VERA
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2000
A Novel Method for Preparation of Disorderly Exfoliated Epoxy/Clay Nanocomposite
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-02-2004
DOI: 10.1021/CM0349203
Erratum to: Cross section measurements of 155, 157Gd(n,$\gamma$γ) induced by thermal and epithermal neutrons
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-1970
The role of biochar properties in influencing the sorption and desorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and As(III) in aqueous solution
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Water‐assisted melt compounding of nylon‐6/pristine montmorillonite nanocomposites
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-03-2005
DOI: 10.1002/POLB.20397
Be
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
03-10-2016
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 03-10-2016
New Work on Updating and Extending the Nuclear Data Standards
Publisher: ASTM International
Date: 04-2012
Recent near-Earth supernovae probed by global deposition of interstellar radioactive 60Fe
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-04-2016
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE17196
Depth profile of 236U/238U in soil samples in La Palma, Canary Islands
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Ferricrocin, a Siderophore Involved in Intra- and Transcellular Iron Distribution in Aspergillus fumigatus
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 15-06-2009
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00479-09
Abstract: Iron is an essential metal for virtually all organisms. Iron acquisition is well characterized for various organisms, whereas intracellular iron distribution is poorly understood. In contrast to bacteria, plants, and animals, most fungi lack ferritin-mediated iron storage but possess an intracellular siderophore shown to be involved in iron storage. Here we demonstrate that deficiency in the intracellular siderophore ferricrocin causes iron starvation in conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus , demonstrating that ferricrocin is also involved in intra- and transcellular iron distribution. Thus, ferricrocin represents the first intracellular iron transporter identified in any organism.
Investigation of gas stripping at 4.1MeV for high mass negative ions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Measurement of theCa
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 14-09-2007
Vertical distribution of 238Pu, 239(40)Pu, 241Am, 90Sr and 137Cs in Austrian soil profiles
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 11-2008
Abstract: The occurrence of 238 Pu, 239(40) Pu, 241 Am, 90 Sr and 137 Cs in the region of Nassfeld (Salzburg, Austria) is discussed at four different locations by evaluating a depth profile for each radionuclide. Furthermore, the plutonium separated from the soil s les was measured by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) to get information on the isotope ratio 240 Pu/ 239 Pu. The radiochemical procedure consisted of a Pu separation step from Am and Sr by anion exchange in 8 M HNO 3 after oxidation state adjustment to Pu(IV). Am and Sr were coprecipitated with calcium oxalate. Am was separated from Sr by extraction chromatography using TRU-resin. The Sr separation was performed also by extraction chromatography using Sr-resin after coprecipitation as oxalate, 90 Sr was measured in a gas proportional counter. For the determination of 239(40) Pu and 241 Am by α-spectrometry thin sources were prepared by microprecipitation with NdF 3 . With the respective Pu isotope ratios, it was possible to identify the global fallout as source of the contamination. This was confirmed by the ratio 241 Am/ 239(40) Pu. From the activity ratio 90 Sr/ 137 Cs, it could be shown that most of these radionuclides stem from the reactor accident in Chernobyl.
Measurement of the neutron capture cross section of the fissile isotope 235U with the CERN n_TOF total absorption calorimeter and a fission tagging based on micromegas detectors
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Measurement of the 241Am neutron capture cross section at the n_TOF facility at CERN
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Actinides AMS on the VEGA accelerator
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
High precision measurement of the radiative capture cross section of238U at the n_TOF CERN facility
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Neutron-capture Studies on 235U and 238U via AMS
Publisher: Korean Physical Society
Date: 12-08-2011
DOI: 10.3938/JKPS.59.1410
First results of the 241Am(n,f) cross section measurement at the Experimental Area 2 of the n_TOF facility at CERN
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/202023905014
Abstract: Feasibility, design and sensitivity studies on innovative nuclear reactors that could address the issue of nuclear waste transmutation using fuels enriched in minor actinides, require high accuracy cross section data for a variety of neutron-induced reactions from thermal energies to several tens of MeV. The isotope 241 Am (T 1/2 = 433 years) is present in high-level nuclear waste (HLW), representing about 1.8 % of the actinide mass in spent PWR UOx fuel. Its importance increases with cooling time due to additional production from the β -decay of 241 Pu with a half-life of 14.3 years. The production rate of 241 Am in conventional reactors, including its further accumulation through the decay of 241 Pu and its destruction through transmutation/incineration are very important parameters for the design of any recycling solution. In the present work, the 241 Am(n,f) reaction cross-section was measured using Micromegas detectors at the Experimental Area 2 of the n_TOF facility at CERN. For the measurement, the 235 U(n,f) and 238 U(n,f) reference reactions were used for the determination of the neutron flux. In the present work an overview of the experimental setup and the adopted data analysis techniques is given along with preliminary results.
ENDF/B-VII.1 Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Cross Sections, Covariances, Fission Product Yields and Decay Data
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Iodine-129 in animal thyroids from Argentina
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2012.04.064
Abstract: (129)I and (127)I concentrations in animal thyroids coming from several regions of Argentina were determined by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and gas chromatography (GC), respectively. The measured (129)I/(127)I ratios, ranging from 3 × 10(-12) to 4 × 10(-10), are significantly lower than those typical for areas in the northern hemisphere (10(-10)-10(-7)). The (129)I concentrations show a clear dependence with latitude and season, which can be understood considering tropospheric circulation patterns, possible (129)I sources and regional precipitation rates.
Measurement of (n,γ) reaction cross sections at stellar energies for 58Ni and 78Se
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2007
High accuracy 234U(n,f) cross section in the resonance energy region
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Neutron measurements for advanced nuclear systems: The n_TOF project at CERN
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
A combined method for the determination of the isotopic vector of plutonium isotopes in environmental samples
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-05-2008
Cosmic nucleosynthesis: A multi-messenger challenge
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
Facile Synthesis and Assembly of Cu2S Nanodisks to Corncoblike Nanostructures
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-2006
DOI: 10.1021/CM0617135
SABRE and the Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory Dark Matter Research at the Australian National University
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1051/EPJCONF/202023201002
Abstract: The direct detection of dark matter is a key problem in astroparticle physics that generally requires the use of deep-underground laboratories for a low-background environment where the rare signals from dark matter interactions can be observed. This work reports on the Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory – currently under construction and the first such laboratory in the Southern Hemisphere – and the associated research program. A particular focus will be given to ANU’s contribution to SABRE, a NaI:Tl dark matter, direct detection experiment that aims to confirm or refute the long-standing DAMA result. Preliminary measurements of the NaI:Tl quenching factor and characterisation of the SABRE liquid scintillator veto are reported.
Radiative neutron capture on
Pu 242 Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Date:
06-02-2018
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 06-02-2018
Toughening, Thermal Stability, Flame Retardancy, and Scratch–Wear Resistance of Polymer–Clay Nanocomposites
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/CH06418
Abstract: Addition of a small percent of clay to polymers improves their stiffness, strength, dimensional stability, and thermal, optical, and barrier properties. Improvements are often attributed to the availability of large numbers of clay nanolayers with tremendous interfacial area. Despite the positive effects from the addition of clay, there are unresolved issues, such as embrittlement, thermal stability, flame retardancy, scratch–wear response of the resultant nanocomposites, and/or achieving a balance between different mechanical and physical properties. In this review, we discuss these issues and the approaches that have been adopted in the expectation of resolving and understanding them, with particular emphasis on our recent and current research.
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