ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4683-1745
Current Organisation
MNS University of Agriculture Multan
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Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 07-12-2017
DOI: 10.1590/S0100-83582017350100073
Abstract: ABSTRACT: Understanding the weed interference with different sowing times of crop is inevitable for forecasting yield losses by weed infestation and designing sustainable weed management systems. A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of sowing dates (20th November, 10th December) and various little seed canary grass (LCG) infestation levels (10, 20, 30 and 40 plant m-2) on growth and yield of wheat under semiarid conditions. Plots with two natural infestations of weeds including LCG (Unweeded control UWC) and excluding LCG (UWC-LCG) were maintained for comparing its interference in pure stands with designated densities. A season-long weed-free (WFC) treatment was also run. All the weeds/LCG infestation levels starting from 10 LCG plants m-2 considerably reduced the wheat growth (leaf area index, crop growth rate, total dry matter accumulation) and h ered the yield contributing factors in both sowing dates. Presence of LCG was more detrimental for growth of late-sown wheat (10th Dec), therefore, 40 LCG plants m-2 recorded more reductions in growth indices of wheat even than UWC. In late sown wheat crop, the grain yield losses by 40 LCG plants m-2 and UWC were comparable, however, these losses were much greater than UWC LCG. In crux, delay in sowing of wheat not only reduced the crop growth and yield but also enhanced the LCG/weed interference. Furthermore, greater competitive ability of LCG particularly for late-sown wheat suggests that it should be controlled in order to provide healthy environment for crop plants.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2015
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 05-09-2017
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 03-09-2019
DOI: 10.1017/WSC.2019.47
Abstract: Annual sowthistle ( Sonchus oleraceus L.) is a major weed of mungbean crops in Australia. Resistance in this weed to several herbicide groups is a challenging issue for its management. Hence, cultural weed management strategies, such as increasing the crop competitive ability through increased stand density, should be considered to reduce reliance on herbicides. It was hypothesized that a competitive crop stand may reduce the growth and seed production of S. oleraceus . Two pot studies were conducted, and each study was repeated once. The first study evaluated the effect of different mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] densities (0, 82, 164, 246, and 328 plants m −2 ) on S. oleraceus growth and seed production, while the second study focused on glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible biotypes of this weed in competition with densities of 0, 82, and 164 mungbean plants m −2 . Although increasing mungbean density from 0 to 82 and 164 plants m −2 reduced S. oleraceus seed production by 55% and 78%, respectively, a large number of seeds were produced, even at the mungbean density of 328 plants m −2 (1,185 seeds plant −1 ). Both glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible biotypes of S. oleraceus responded similarly to the increase in mungbean density. The results of the second study showed that height, leaves, number of inflorescence, and seed production per plant of both glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible biotypes were reduced but not suppressed adequately. The glyphosate-resistant biotype produced fewer leaves and less biomass and, consequently, its seed production was 24% less compared with the glyphosate-susceptible biotype in the no-competition treatment. Both biotypes of S. oleraceus produced about 4,000 seeds plant −1 in competition with 164 mungbean plants m −2 . The results suggest that crop competition alone cannot provide satisfactory control of S. oleraceus therefore, for effective and adequate weed management, other practices such as PRE herbicides should be integrated with increased crop density.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 20-05-2020
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-02-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-03-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 12-07-2021
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0254584
Abstract: Summer weed species, including Echinochloa colona , are becoming problematic in the eastern grain region of Australia, but cover crops can be useful to suppress weeds during the summer fallow period. The present study evaluated the growth and seed production of E . colona grown alone or with four and eight cover crop plants per pot (i.e., 80 and 160 plants m -2 ). Four legume (cowpea, lablab, pigeonpea, and soybean) and two grass (forage sorghum and Japanese millet) cover crops were used. Interference by cover crops reduced the height, the number of leaves and tillers, inflorescence number, seed production, and biomass of this weed than when it was grown alone. Cover crops differed in their ability to suppress the growth and seed production of E . colona . The effect of cover crop density on the studied attributes was non-significant in most cases. Pigeonpea as a cover crop was the least effective in suppressing the growth and seed production of E . colona . In general, leguminous cover crops exhibited less suppression of E . colona than grasses. Forage sorghum was most efficient in reducing the growth of this weed. Forage sorghum and Japanese millet reduced E . colona leaf and tiller numbers per plant by 90 and 87%, respectively. These cover crops reduced E . colona leaf number to only 17 per plant as against 160 per plant recorded without cover crops. Inflorescence number per E . colona plant growing alone was as high as 48. However, it was reduced by 20–92% when this weed was grown with cover crop plants. E . colona ’s seed production was significantly suppressed by all the cover crops, except pigeonpea. Biomass of E . colona was suppressed largely by forage sorghum and Japanese millet compared to other cover crops. Among the cover crops, pigeonpea produced the lowest biomass of 11 g pot -1 , and the highest biomass (114 g pot -1 ) was produced by forage sorghum. The study demonstrated the usefulness of cover crops, especially forage sorghum and Japanese millet, to suppress the growth and seed output of E . colona .
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-04-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-023-32320-1
Abstract: Increased planting density can provide crops a competitive advantage over weeds. This study appraised the growth and seed production of two noxious grassy weeds, i.e. feather fingergrass ( Chloris virgata SW.) and junglerice [ Echinochloa colona (L.) Link] in response to different mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] densities (0, 82, 164, 242, and 328 plants m −2 ). A target-neighbourhood study was conducted using a completely randomized design with five replications, and there were two experimental runs in 2016–2017. The leaf, stem, and total aboveground biomass of C. virgata was 86, 59, and 76% greater than E. colona . For seed production, E. colona outnumbered C. virgata by producing 74% more seeds. Mungbean density-mediated suppression of height was more pronounced for E. colona compared with C. virgata during the first 42 days. The presence of 164–328 mungbean plants m −2 reduced the number of leaves of E. colona and C. virgata by 53–72% and 52–57%, respectively. The reduction in the inflorescence number caused by the highest mungbean density was higher for C. virgata than E. colona . C. virgata and E. colona growing with mungbean produced 81 and 79% fewer seeds per plant. An increase in mungbean density from 82 to 328 plants m −2 reduced the total aboveground biomass of C. virgata and E. colona by 45–63% and 44–67%, respectively. Increased mungbean plant density can suppress weed growth and seed production. Although increased crop density contributes to better weed management, supplemental weed control will be needed.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-12-2014
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 13-02-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1626/PPS.17.321
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 14-09-2018
DOI: 10.1017/WSC.2018.55
Abstract: African turnipweed ( Sisymbrium thellungii O. E.Schulz) is an emerging problematic broadleaf weed of the northern grain region of Australia. Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature, light, salinity, pH, seed burial depth, and the amount of wheat crop residue on germination and emergence of two Australian S. thellungii weed populations (population C, cropped area population F, fence line). Both populations behaved similarly across different environmental conditions, except in the residue study. Although the seeds of both populations of S. thellungii could germinate under complete darkness, germination was best (~95%) under light/dark conditions at the 20/10 C temperature regime. Both populations of S. thellungii germinated over a wide range of day/night temperatures (15/5, 20/10, 25/15, and 30/20 C). Osmotic stress had negative effects on germination, with 54% seeds (averaged over populations) able to germinate at −0.1MPa. Complete germination inhibition for both populations was observed at −0.8MPa osmotic potential. Both populations germinated at sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations ranging from 50 to 100 mM, beyond which germination was completely inhibited. There were substantial reductions in seed germination, 32% (averaged over populations) under highly acidic conditions (pH 4.0) as compared with the control (water: pH 6.4). Seed germination of both populations on the soil surface was 77%, and no seedlings emerged from a burial depth of 1 cm. The addition of 6 Mg ha −1 of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) residue reduced the emergence of the C and F populations of S. thellungii by 75% and 64%, respectively, as compared with the control (no residue). Information gathered from this study provides a better understanding of the factors favorable for germination and emergence of S. thellungii , which will aid in developing management strategies in winter crops, especially wheat, barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), and chick pea ( Cicer arietinum L.).
No related grants have been discovered for Amar Matloob.