ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6248-6814
Current Organisation
University of Otago Wellington
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Publisher: BMJ
Date: 14-08-2019
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 31-05-2016
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 20-10-2017
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 07-11-2019
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 10-08-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-05-2019
DOI: 10.1002/ACR2.1032
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-12-2022
DOI: 10.1002/MSC.1727
Abstract: Accurate knowledge is central to effective self‐care of osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to assess the measurement properties of the Osteoarthritis Knowledge Scale (OAKS) with versions for the hip and knee. Participants with hip OA ( n = 144), knee OA ( n = 327), and no OA ( n = 735) were recruited. Rasch analysis was conducted to assess psychometric properties using data from all participants with hip OA and 144 randomly selected participants with either knee OA or no OA. Test‐retest reliability and measurement error were estimated among those with hip ( n = 51) and knee ( n = 142) OA. Four items from the draft scales were deleted following Rasch analysis. The final 11‐item OAKS was unidimensional. Item functioning was not affected by gender, age, educational level, or scale version (hip or knee). Person separation index was 0.75. Test‐retest intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.81 (95% CI 0.74, 0.86 hip version 0.66 [0.47, 0.79] knee version 0.85 (0.79, 0.90)). Smallest detectable change was 9 points (scale range 11–55 hip OA version 11 points knee OA version 8 points). The OAKS is a psychometrically adequate, unidimensional measure of important OA knowledge that can be used in populations with and without hip and knee OA. Caution is needed when using with populations with only hip OA as test‐retest reliability of the hip version did not surpass the acceptable range.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-03-2023
DOI: 10.1002/MSC.1751
Abstract: Using a case vignette of an adult (George) presenting with hip pain consistent with hip OA, this study aimed to describe: (a) whether physiotherapists make diagnoses and identify bodily structures using either patient history and/or physical examination findings (b) which diagnoses and bodily structures physiotherapists attribute to the hip pain (c) how confident physiotherapists were in their clinical reasoning using patient history and physical examination findings (d) what treatments physiotherapists would offer to George. We conducted a cross‐sectional online survey of physiotherapists in Australia and New Zealand. We used descriptive statistics to analyse closed questions and content analysis for open‐text responses. Two hundred and twenty physiotherapists completed the survey (39% response‐rate). After receiving the patient history, 64% diagnosed George's pain and 49% of these as hip OA 95% attributed George's pain to a bodily structure(s). After receiving the physical examination, 81% diagnosed George's hip pain and 52% of these as hip OA 96% attributed George's hip pain to a bodily structure(s). Ninety‐six percent of respondents were at least somewhat confident in their diagnosis after the patient history, and 95% were similarly confident after the physical examination. Most respondents offered advice (98%) and exercise (99%), but fewer offered treatments for weight loss (31%), medication (11%), and psychosocial factors ( %). About half of the physiotherapists that diagnosed George's hip pain made a diagnosis of hip OA, despite the case vignette including clinical criteria for a diagnosis of OA. Physiotherapists offered exercise and education, but many physiotherapists did not offer other clinically indicated and recommended treatments, such as weight loss and sleep advice.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 19-10-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-06-2022
DOI: 10.1002/EJP.1981
Abstract: Diagnostic labels may influence treatment intentions. We examined the effect of labelling low back pain (LBP) on beliefs about imaging, surgery, second opinion, seriousness, recovery, work, and physical activities. Six-arm online randomized experiment with blinded participants with and without LBP. Participants received one of six labels: 'disc bulge', 'degeneration', 'arthritis', 'lumbar sprain', 'non-specific LBP', 'episode of back pain'. The primary outcome was the belief about the need for imaging. A total of 1375 participants (mean [SD] age, 41.7 years [18.4 years] 748 women [54.4%]) were included. The need for imaging was rated lower with the labels 'episode of back pain' (4.2 [2.9]), 'lumbar sprain' (4.2 [2.9]) and 'non-specific LBP' (4.4 [3.0]) compared to the labels 'arthritis' (6.0 [2.9]), 'degeneration' (5.7 [3.2]) and 'disc bulge' (5.7 [3.1]). The same labels led to higher recovery expectations and lower ratings of need for a second opinion, surgery and perceived seriousness compared to 'disc bulge', 'degeneration' and 'arthritis'. Differences were larger amongst participants with current LBP who had a history of seeking care. No differences were found in beliefs about physical activity and work between the six labels. 'Episode of back pain', 'lumbar sprain' and 'non-specific LBP' reduced need for imaging, surgery and second opinion compared to 'arthritis', 'degeneration' and 'disc bulge' amongst public and patients with LBP as well as reducing the perceived seriousness of LBP and enhancing recovery expectations. The impact of labels appears most relevant amongst those at risk of poor outcomes (participants with current LBP who had a history of seeking care).
Publisher: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_118
Abstract: In the current work, a numerical study is performed to investigate the effect on the downslope field by a wind driven surface fire in the presence of an idealised building structure. Fires burning with an intensity of 15 MW/m on inclined terrain with various downslope angles of 0, -10, -20, and -30°, and under a constant wind speed of 12 m/s are simulated using a large eddy simulation (LES) solver, implemented in open-source platform FireFOAM. The results are validated with experimental measurements of a full-scale cubic building model. The presented outcomes highlight the physical effect of sloped terrain on a building in the vicinity of a line-fire. The results show that at a constant fire intensity and wind speed, an increase in downslope angle leads to an increase in the surface temperature of the structure downstream of the fire source. In addition, it is shown that increasing the downslope angle from 0˚ to -30°, results in a reduction of the average air density around the structure downstream of the fire. Furthermore, by increasing the downslope inclination of the terrain from 0˚ to -30° increases the average temperature of the building surface by 30%, and increases the temperature of zone downstream of the fire by 9%.
No related grants have been discovered for Ben Darlow.