ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9361-3989
Current Organisation
Manipal Academy of Higher Education
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Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1155/2011/494769
Abstract: Objective . Control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among female sex workers (FSWs) is an important strategy to reduce HIV transmission. A study was conducted to determine the prevalence and assess the current clinical management of STIs in India. Methods . FSWs attending three clinics for regular checkups or symptoms were screened for study eligibility. A behavioral questionnaire was administered, clinical examination performed, and laboratory s les collected. Results . 417 study participants reported a mean number of 4.9 (SD 3.5) commercial clients in the last week. 14.6% reported anal sex in the last three months. Consistent condom use with commercial and regular partners was 70.1% and 17.5%, respectively. The prevalence of gonorrhea was 14.1%, chlamydia 16.1%, and trichomoniasis 31.1% with a third of all infections being asymptomatic. Syphilis seropositivity was 10.1%. Conclusions . At study sites, presumptive treatment for gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis screening should continue. Presumptive treatment for trichomoniasis should be considered. Consistent condom use and partner treatment need to be reemphasized.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 10-04-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.08.439111
Abstract: Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV) is a rapidly expanding tick-borne zoonotic virus with natural foci in the forested region of the Western Ghats of South India. The Western Ghats is one of the world’s most important bio ersity hotspots and, like many such areas of high bio ersity, is under significant pressure from anthropogenic landscape change. The current study sought to quantify mammalian species richness using ensemble models of the distributions of a s le of species extant in the Western Ghats and to explore its association with KFDV outbreaks, as well as the modifying effects of deforestation on this association. Species richness was quantified as a composite of in idual species’ distributions, as derived from ensembles of boosted regression tree, random forest, and generalised additive models. Species richness was further adjusted for the potential biotic constraints of sympatric species. Both species richness and forest loss demonstrated strong positive associations with KFDV outbreaks, however forest loss substantially modified the association between species richness and outbreaks. High species richness was associated with increased KFDV risk but only in areas of low forest loss. In contrast, lower species richness was associated with increased KFDV risk in areas of greater forest loss. This relationship persisted when species richness was adjusted for biotic constraints at the taluk-level. In addition, the taluk-level species abundances of three monkey species ( Macaca radiata, Semnopithecus hypoleucus , and Semnopithecus priam ) were also associated with outbreaks. These results suggest that increased monitoring of wildlife in areas of significant habitat fragmentation may add considerably to critical knowledge gaps in KFDV epidemiology and infection ecology and should be incorporated into novel One Health surveillance development for the region. In addition, the inclusion of some primate species as sentinels of KFDV circulation into general wildlife surveillance architecture may add further value. Local mammalian species richness is estimated across the entire Western Ghats region Low species richness is associated with high KFDV risk in deforested landscapes This work identifies key landscapes for wildlife disease surveillance development
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2011
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
No related grants have been discovered for Prakash Narayanan.