ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2275-7082
Current Organisations
The University of Auckland
,
Orthosports North Harbour Limited
,
Carnegie Mellon University
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-04-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 21-10-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 10-04-2018
Publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik GmbH, Wadern/Saarbruecken, Germany
Date: 2017
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-2013
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 12-01-2022
DOI: 10.1145/3492427
Abstract: Effect systems have been a subject of active research for nearly four decades, with the most notable practical ex le being checked exceptions in programming languages such as Java. While many exception systems support abstraction, aggregation, and hierarchy (e.g., via class declaration and subclassing mechanisms), it is rare to see such expressive power in more generic effect systems. We designed an effect system around the idea of protecting system resources and incorporated our effect system into the Wyvern programming language. Similar to type members, a Wyvern object can have effect members that can abstract lower-level effects, allow for aggregation, and have both lower and upper bounds, providing for a granular effect hierarchy. We argue that Wyvern’s effects capture the right balance of expressiveness and power from the programming language design perspective. We present a full formalization of our effect-system design, showing that it allows reasoning about authority and attenuation. Our approach is evaluated through a security-related case study.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 06-2008
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114507844382
Abstract: We aimed to describe the vitamin D status of young women living in two Chinese cities in the spring – Beijing in the north (latitude 39° north) and Hong Kong (latitude 22° north) in the south. We also examined the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations to determine a threshold for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D above which there is no further suppression of PTH. Finally, we examined whether dietary Ca intake influences this relationship. Non-pregnant women aged 18–40 years ( n 441) were recruited between February and June. Fasting blood was collected and dietary intakes were assessed using 5 d food records. Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was lower in Beijing than Hong Kong women (29 v. 34 nmol/l P 0·001). Vitamin D deficiency ( ≤ 25 nmol/l) was indicated in 40 % of Beijing and 18 % of Hong Kong women, and over 90 % of women in both cities were insufficient ( ≤ 50 nmol/l). Mean Ca and vitamin D intakes were 478 mg/d and 2·0 μg/d, respectively. The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and PTH was linear throughout the range with a slope of − 0·36 (different from 0 P 0·001 R 0·26), with no apparent threshold. There was no influence of Ca intake on the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PTH concentration. Vitamin D deficiency is common and insufficiency is very common in non-pregnant women in Hong Kong and Beijing during spring. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was inversely associated with PTH with no apparent threshold. Strategies such as vitamin D fortification or supplementation may be required.
Publisher: PeerJ
Date: 22-10-2021
DOI: 10.7717/PEERJ.12334
Abstract: New Zealand (NZ) has nearly 14,000 km of coastline and a surfing population of approximately 315,000 surfers. Given its popularity, surfing has a high frequency of injury claims, however, there remains a lack of data on traumatic surfing-related injuries from large population studies. The primary purpose of this study was to examine traumatic surfing injuries in NZ specific to injury incidence, duration, location, type, mechanism of injury and associated risk factors. A s le of self-identified surfers currently living in NZ participated in an online retrospective cross-sectional survey between December 2015 and July 2016. Demographic and surfing injury data were collected and analysed. The survey yielded 1,473 respondents (18.3% female) a total of 502 surfers reported 702 major traumatic injuries with an overall incidence proportion of 0.34 (95% CI [0.32–0.37]). When comparing the number of injured surfers who sustained an injury at various body locations, a significantly higher proportion of competitive surfers, compared to recreational surfers, had an injury at the neck (6.8% vs 4%, χ 2 (1,1473) = 5.84, P = 0.019) shoulder (7.4% vs 4.3%, χ 2 (1,1473) = 6.34, P = 0.017), upper back (1% vs 2.4%, χ 2 (1,1473) = 4.77, P = 0.043), lower back (7% vs 3.1%, χ 2 (1,1473) = 11.98, P = 0.001) and knee (7% vs 3.4%, χ 2 (1,1473) = 9.67, P = 0.003). A significantly higher proportion of surfers who performed aerial manoeuvres compared to those who did not reported a higher proportion of knee injuries (9.7% vs 3.9%, χ 2 (1,1473) = 13.00, P = 0.001). With respect to injury duration, the shoulder represented the largest proportion of chronic injuries ( months) (44.4%), and the head and face represented the largest proportion of acute injuries (≤3 months) (88%). Muscle and tendon injuries were reported most frequently (25.6%) and direct contact injuries accounted for 58.1% of all injury mechanisms. Key risk factors for traumatic injury included: competitive compared to recreational status (41.0% vs 30.1%, Relative Risk (RR) = 1.36, P 0.001), ability to perform aerial manoeuvres (48.1% vs 31.8%, RR = 1.51, P 0.001) and intermediate or above skill level surfers compared to beginner surfers (35.8% vs 22.7%, RR = 1.58, P 0.001). One third of recreational surfers sustained a major traumatic injury in the previous 12 months. For competitive or aerialist surfers the risk was greater, with this proportion approximately half. Overall, the head/face was the most common location of traumatic injury, with competitive surfers being more likely to sustain a neck, shoulder, lower back, and knee injury compared to recreational surfers. The shoulder was associated with the highest proportion of injuries of chronic duration. Future research should investigate injury mechanisms and causation using prospective injury monitoring to better underpin targeted injury prevention programs.
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 20-12-2020
DOI: 10.1145/3371134
Abstract: Path dependent types have long served as an expressive component of the Scala programming language. They allow for the modelling of both bounded polymorphism and a degree of nominal subtyping. Nominality in turn provides the ability to capture first class modules. Thus a single language feature gives rise to a rich array of expressiveness. Recent work has proven path dependent types sound in the presence of both intersection and recursive types, but unfortunately typing remains undecidable, posing problems for programmers who rely on the results of type checkers. The Wyvern programming language is an object oriented language with path dependent types, recursive types and first class modules. In this paper we define two variants of Wyvern that feature decidable typing, along with machine checked proofs of decidability. Despite the restrictions, our approaches retain the ability to encode the parameteric polymorphism of Java generics along with many idioms of the Scala module system.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 22-10-2006
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2014
Publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik GmbH, Wadern/Saarbruecken, Germany
Date: 2015
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2018
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1071/HC18097
Abstract: ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONExternal auditory exostosis (EAE) is a benign, irreversible bony outgrowth that arises from the temporal bone. EAE projects into the external ear canal, potentially causing recurrent otitis externa and conductive hearing loss. AIMTo determine lifetime prevalence of EAE in New Zealand (NZ) surfers. METHODSThis study used an online national survey. RESULTSRespondents were 1376 NZ surfers (recreational = 868, competitive = 508). Mean surfing experience was 16.2 years. Most self-classified as advanced surfers (36.5%), followed by intermediate (30.2%), expert (20.1%) and beginner (13.2%). Surfers reported an average of 214.2 h surfing (28.6% during winter) for the previous year. Overall lifetime prevalence of EAE was 28.9% (32.1% male, 14.6% female P & 0.001), with the highest proportion of EAE was observed bilaterally (21.3%). Competitive surfers reported a significantly (P & 0.001) higher lifetime prevalence of EAE than recreational surfers (45.3% vs. 19.2%). A significantly higher (P & 0.001) lifetime prevalence of EAE was identified as skill level increased (7.1% in beginners to 55.6% in experts) and a two-fold increase (P & 0.001) of EAE in the highest (vs. lowest) quartile of surfing exposure. Neither winter surfing exposure nor which Island surfed were associated with EAE prevalence. DISCUSSIONAlthough not as prevalent as in previous NZ research using otologic examinations, this study indicated that almost one-third of NZ surfers reported having had a diagnosis of EAE. Regular general practitioner otologic assessment and advice on appropriate prevention strategies for patients who surf may help prevent large lesions, recurrent ear infections and progressive hearing loss.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2020
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Catherine Bacon.