ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3986-8312
Current Organisation
KU Leuven
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Date: 05-1996
Abstract: The aim of this study was to identify patterns of family functioning in adult families after the death of a parent. One hundred fifteen families completed measures of family functioning, grief, psychological state, and social adjustment 6 weeks (time 1), 6 months (time 2), and 13 months (time 3) after the death of a parent (a total of 670 in idual responses). Cluster analytic methods were applied to develop a typology of perceptions of family functioning during bereavement. Five types of families emerged from dimensions of cohesiveness, conflict, and expressiveness on the Family Environment Scale. Thirty-six percent of the families were considered supportive because of their high cohesiveness, and another 23% resolved conflict effectively. Two types were dysfunctional: hostile families, distinguished by high conflict, low cohesiveness, and poor expressiveness, and sullen families, who had more moderate limitations in these three areas they declined in frequency from 30% at time 1 to 15% at time 3. The remaining type (26%), termed intermediate, exhibited midrange cohesiveness, low control, and low achievement orientation. The typology at time 1 predicted typologies at time 2 and time 3. There were no age or gender differences among the family types, but offspring, as compared with spouses, were overrepresented in the hostile families. Family types can be identified, allowing at-risk families to be helped to prevent complications of grief. Screening with the family relationship index of the Family Environment Scale would facilitate such a family-centered approach.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-2012
Abstract: In the continuously changing society and knowledge-intensive economy, the demand for the recurrent updating of competencies is coming to the fore for all employees, including low-qualified employees. Employees are considered low qualified when they do not have a starter qualification for higher education. Although many educational studies have focused on fostering learning under favorable circumstances, learning under less favorable circumstances—such as fewer career prospects and restricted possibilities for professional and personal development associated with low qualifications—has received fairly little attention. Participants in this cross-sectional, survey-based study were 246 low-qualified employees from eight different organizations. Results of the multilevel analyses show gender differences and differences between employees with different types of employment contracts. In addition, the seniority of employees showed a negative relation with learning intentions. Finally, learning intentions were positively predicted by self-directedness, financial satisfaction, and perceived support for learning.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 15-07-2013
Abstract: The present study investigates the association of parenting and family factors with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in preadolescents. A s le of 1,439 preadolescents and their parents were assessed by means of (a) adolescent-reported parenting behaviors (support and behavioral sychological control), (b) parent-reported parenting behaviors (support and behavioral sychological control) and parenting stress, and (c) parent-reported family structure, socioeconomic status (SES) of the family, family functioning, and family stressful life-events. The prevalence of NSSI was 4.82%. Preadolescents engaging in NSSI perceived more psychological and behavioral control from their parents. Logistic regression using parent-reported parenting behaviors as covariates showed a significant interaction between parent-reported support and behavioral control in relation to NSSI behaviors. No significant differences in parent-reported parenting stress and family structure emerged. Significant differences in parent-reported SES of families with and without self-injurious preadolescents were found. Finally, no significant associations appeared between the presence of NSSI and parent-reported family functioning and stressful life-events.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 9
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-06-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1996
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3956(96)00033-7
Abstract: Researchers comparing diagnostic systems or screening tests frequently need to compare indices of agreement such as the kappa coefficient. While asymptotic methods exist for comparing kappas derived from independent s les, no satisfactory approach exists for comparing kappas derived from the same or related s les. Res ling methods for comparing kappa coefficients obtained from the same s le are presented. Easily undertaken using readily available software, these methods are illustrated by application to a small s le of psychiatric data, as well as to several thousand s les of simulated data. An acceptable type I error rate was exhibited. Res ling techniques-easily implemented and making few assumptions-deserve wider application in psychiatric research.
Publisher: JOTE Publishers
Date: 03-03-2022
DOI: 10.36850/E8
Abstract: Single-case experiments are increasingly popular in the behavioral sciences. Due to their flexibility, single-case designs can be customized to test a variety of experimental hypotheses. We were interested in using a single-case experimental approach to test whether pain thresholds can be influenced by Pavlovian classical conditioning. Following the ex le of earlier studies into this topic, we planned to measure whether participants would more frequently report specific electrocutaneous stimuli as painful when they were presented with specific vibrotactile stimuli that had previously been associated with painful electrocutaneous stimuli. First, we decided on a mean difference effect size measure derived from the Sensation and Pain Rating Scale ratings for the electrocutaneous stimuli provided by the participants. Next, we discussed several possible single-case designs and evaluated their benefits and shortcomings. Then, we ran pilot tests with a few participants based on the possible single-case designs. We also conducted a simulation study to estimate the power of a randomization test to test our hypothesis using different values for effect size, number of participants, and number of measurements. Finally, we decided on a sequentially replicated AB phase design with 30 participants based on the results from the pilot tests and the power study. We plan to implement this single-case design in a future experiment to test our hypothesis
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Date: 05-1996
Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the intensity of grief, the psychosocial morbidity, and the coping patterns in members of families classified according to a typology of family functioning comprising supportive, conflict-resolving, intermediate, sullen, and hostile classes. One hundred fifteen families were assessed longitudinally 6 weeks (time 1), 6 months (time 2), and 13 months (time 3) after the death of a parent (constituting 670 in idual responses) on measures of grief intensity, psychological state, social adjustment, and family coping. A previously described typology of perceptions of family functioning was applied. Repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance based on both in iduals and families and post hoc comparisons of significant results were undertaken. Sullen families displayed the most intense grief and the most severe psychosocial morbidity. Well-functioning families (supportive and conflict-resolving) resolved their grief and adjusted more adaptively than their dysfunctional counterparts (intermediate, sullen, and hostile families). There were no cluster-by-time interactions. The clusters accounted for 15.7% of the variance in depression (Beck Depression Inventory) and 27.9% of the variance in social functioning (Social Adjustment Scale). Well-functioning families used more family coping strategies (Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scales). More intense grief and greater psychosocial morbidity are found in sullen, hostile, and intermediate bereaved families than in the more adaptive supportive and conflict-resolving types. At-risk families are identifiable and could be treated preventively to reduce morbidity.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-11-2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 29-09-2022
DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2127937
Abstract: Recent RCTs and meta-analyses compare the effectiveness of different types of exercise for chronic whiplash associated disorder (WAD). This study aimed to verify whether the results of these studies translate to statistically significant and clinically meaningful effects in in idual participants. A series of replicated randomised single case experimental design studies (SCEDs) with A-B design (A: baseline, B: intervention). Eight participants with chronic WAD (8 female, mean [SD] age 47 [10] years) were randomised into one of four baseline durations (5, 8, 11, and 14 days) and to one of two eight-week exercise interventions (aerobic or strengthening). Daily measures of pain intensity, bothersomeness, and interference were collected during the baseline phase and the intervention phase. Visual analyses indicated that three participants in the aerobic exercise group meaningfully improved. No improvements were found in the strengthening group. Effect sizes favoured the aerobic exercise group, yet randomisation tests of pooled effects did not show a difference in between-intervention effectiveness. Contrary to our expectations, three out of four participants were nearly pain-free at the end of the aerobic exercise intervention, whereas none of the participants in the strengthening group improved meaningfully. This suggests that aerobic exercise may be favourable for WAD.Implications for RehabilitationOur results suggest that aerobic exercises are favourable over strengthening exercises and may be the preferred option for patients with chronic WAD.We found substantial variability in self-reported outcomes within participants, clinicians should be aware of this in the judgement of treatment effectiveness.
No related grants have been discovered for Patrick Onghena.