ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0933-1952
Current Organisation
Bond University
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Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 03-11-2022
DOI: 10.3389/FPUBH.2022.1049932
Abstract: A Code Red has been declared for the planet and human health. Climate change (e.g., increasing temperatures, adverse weather events, rising sea levels) threatens the planet's already declining ecosystems. Without urgent action, all of Earth's inhabitants face an existential threat. Health professions education should therefore prepare learners to not only practice in a changing world, but authentic educational activities should also develop competencies for global and planetary citizenship. Planetary health has been integrated across the five-year Bond University (Australia) medical curriculum. It begins in the second week of Year 1 and ends with a session on Environmentally Sustainable Healthcare in the General Practice rotation in the final year. The purpose of this article is to describe the outcomes of the first 5 years (2018–2022) of a learner-centered planetary health assignment, underpinned by the 2030 United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in the second year of a five-year medical program. Using systems and/or design thinking with a focus on SDG13 ( Climate Action ) plus a second SDG of choice, self-selected teams of 4–6 students submit a protocol (with feedback) to develop a deliverable “product” for an intended audience. Data analysis of the first 5 years of implementation found that the most frequently selected SDGs in addition to SDG13 were: SDG12 Sustainable Production and Consumption (41% of teams), mostly relating to healthcare emissions and waste SDG3 Health and Well-being (22%), generally involving the impact of air pollution and SDG6 Clean Water and Sanitation (15%). A survey at the concluding conference garnered student feedback across various criteria. The planetary health assignment is authentic in that teams provide solutions to address climate change. Where appropriate, final “products” are sent to local or federal ministers for consideration (e.g., policy proposals) or integrated into the curriculum (e.g., learning modules). We believe that the competencies, attitudes, and values fostered through engagement with planetary health. Throughout the medical program, as evidenced by their evaluations, stands students in good stead to be change agents, not only in clinical practice but in society. An awareness has been created about the need for planetary citizenship in addition to global citizenship.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-11-2021
DOI: 10.1002/NAU.24839
Abstract: Biological rationale suggests that parasympathomimetics (cholinergic receptor stimulating agents) could be beneficial for patients with underactive bladder. However, no systematic review with meta‐analysis addressing potential benefits or adverse effects exists. The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness, both benefits and harms, of using parasympathomimetics for the treatment of underactive bladder. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO, and searches undertaken in PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL, including randomized and non‐randomized controlled trials of patients with underactive bladder, comparing parasympathomimetic to placebo, no treatment, or other pharmaceuticals. Risk ratios, odds ratios, and mean differences were calculated. Twelve trials with 3024 participants were included. There was a significant difference between parasympathomimetics and comparators (favoring parasympathomimetics) in the number of patients with urinary retention (risk ratio 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.3–0.98, p = 0.04, low quality of evidence). There was no difference in mean postvoid volume overall (MD −41.4 ml, 95% CI −92.0 to 9.1, p = 0.11, low quality of evidence). There was a significant difference at up to 1 week post‐intervention, favoring parasympathomimetics (MD −77.5 ml, 95% CI −90.9 to −64.1, p 0.001, low quality of evidence), but no difference at 1 month post‐intervention. There was no difference in adverse events (odds ratio 1.19, 95% CI 0.62–2.28, p = 0.6, moderate quality of evidence). The evidence supporting the use of parasympathomimetics is of low quality, with relatively short follow‐up durations. Overall, it is not possible to draw clear evidence‐based conclusions from the current literature, presenting the use of parasympathomimetics for treating underactive bladder as a key area that requires future well‐controlled clinical trials.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-03-2023
DOI: 10.1002/NAU.25176
Abstract: Antimuscarinic medications are the first‐line treatments for overactive bladder, the most common form of bladder dysfunction. Their primary action is thought to block detrusor muscarinic receptors. It is unclear, however, if these therapeutics have actions on other tissues within the lower urinary tract. This study assessed whether clinical antimuscarinics have a functional impact on urothelium with lamina propria (U& LP) tissue. Strips of porcine detrusor and U& LP were mounted in carbogen‐gassed Krebs‐bicarbonate solution at 37°C. The tissues were paired with carbachol‐response curves performed in the absence or presence of each antimuscarinic. pEC50 values for each curve were analyzed and estimated affinities calculated. Both detrusor and U& LP tissues contracted with muscarinic receptor stimulation, which was inhibited by commonly used antimuscarinics. In detrusor s les ( p 0.001 for all), right parallel shifts from the control were observed in response to oxybutynin (1 µM), solifenacin (1 µM), tolterodine (1 µM), darifenacin (100 nM), trospium (100 nM) and fesoterodine (100 nM). This shift was consistent in U& LP s les, with no significant differences between the two layers. The data suggests that clinical antimuscarinics are as effective at inhibiting tonic contractions of the U& LP as they are on detrusor, presenting the U& LP as an alternate target of these medications in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-09-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S40670-022-01635-5
Abstract: Disease education is a fundamental component in health science and medicine curricula, as it prepares students for their progression into health profession careers. However, this requires an ability to integrate concepts across multiple disciplines. Technology-enhanced interventions may bridge this gap, and this study assessed the effectiveness of a textbook-style or a three-dimensional mixed reality (MR, a hybrid of augmented and virtual reality) HoloLens resource for student learning and knowledge retention using asthma as a model of disease. Sixty-seven first-year undergraduate health science and medical students were randomized into two groups to complete a lesson on the physiology, anatomy, pathology, and pharmacology of asthma, delivered through either a textbook-style ( n = 34) or MR ( n = 33) resource. Participants took part in the study in small groups and completed the intervention and surveys in separate areas of a large laboratory space. A pre-test prior to the lesson included multiple-choice questions, with the post-test having additional multiple-choice questions to assess learning. A follow-up test to assess retention was performed two weeks later. Pre- and post-test scores revealed increased learning across both the textbook ( p = 0.001) and MR ( p = 0.05) interventions, although higher test results were obtained by those using the textbook-style resource ( p 0.05). There was no difference between groups in knowledge retention scores. Although the textbook-style resource was more effective for increasing test results, participants perceived MR as more favorable, highlighting the experience as enjoyable and useful. This study presents MR as an option for integration in cases where educators wish to enhance student enjoyment of the learning experience. However, the results suggest that traditional text-based resources persist as a fundamental delivery mode within a modern curriculum.
Publisher: Office of the Academic Executive Director, University of Tasmania
Date: 16-08-2023
DOI: 10.53761/1.20.6.14
Abstract: Accessible and equitable education is a national priority recently highlighted by the Indian and Australian Governments. New developments in web-based architecture allow augmented reality (AR) lessons to be delivered via smartphone. Although educational technology is commonplace in the Australian curriculum, it is unclear if Indian tertiary students would be welcoming towards web-based mobile learning due to a historically slower uptake and only recent availability of connected devices in their educational system. This study evaluated feedback after using a web-deployed AR smartphone-based application across both Australia (70 participants) and India (100 participants) to see if this technology can assist in capacity building on a global scale. From thematic analyses on the provided feedback, it was identified that Australian students were more focused on the benefits received from the educational technology. In contrast, Indian students were far less critical of the embedded lesson, and more interested in the prospect of introducing the specific technology into their curricula. The data suggests that a rollout of web-based mobile AR for learning in countries more digitally-native should likely prioritise the content within it. Alternatively, for countries recently-introduced to educational technology, such as India, a rollout should focus on embedding the technology itself first. Although there is a risk of learners being distracted by the technology, smartphone web-based AR presents an excellent option to equitably provide a modern, innovative intervention, regardless of wealth, location, or status.
No related grants have been discovered for Vineesha Veer.