ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1896-7300
Current Organisation
Bond University
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-12-2021
DOI: 10.1111/BJET.13049
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 31-01-2018
DOI: 10.3390/INFO9020031
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-04-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12894-020-00619-0
Abstract: Inflammation is often associated with several bladder dysfunctions, including overactive bladder (OAB) and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/PBS). As such, inflammation of the bladder and the actions of inflammatory mediators may contribute to the development of urinary symptoms. This study assessed the actions of PGE 2 , PGF 2 , PGD 2 , TXA 2 , and PGI 2 on urinary bladder urothelium with lamina propria (U& LP), and detrusor smooth muscle. Studies were carried out using isolated tissue baths, where strips of porcine bladder U& LP or detrusor were exposed to varying concentrations of prostaglandin agonists (1 μM and 10 μM). All assessed prostaglandin agonists contracted both the U& LP and detrusor smooth muscle, with the rank order of contractile response effectiveness as: PGE 2 PGF 2α TXA 2 PGD 2 PGI 2 . In U& LP, treatment with PGE 2 (10 μM) increased tonic contractions by 1.36 ± 0.09 g ( n = 42, p 0.001) and phasic contractions by 40.4 ± 9.6% ( n = 42, p 0.001). In response to PGF 2α (10 μM), U& LP tonic contractions increased by 0.79 ± 0.06 g ( n = 14, p 0.001) and phasic activity by 13.3% ± 5.3% ( n = 15, p 0.05). In detrusor preparations, PGE 2 (10 μM) increased tonic contractions by 1.32 ± 0.13 g ( n = 38, p 0.001) and PGF 2α (10 μM) by 0.97 ± 0.14 g ( n = 12, p 0.001). Only 34% ( n = 48) of all detrusor preparations exhibited spontaneous activity prior to the addition of any agonist at a frequency of 2.03 ± 0.12 cpm. In preparations that did not exhibit initial phasic activity, all of the prostaglandin agonists were capable of commencing phasic activity. The urinary bladder U& LP and detrusor respond to a variety of prostaglandin agonists, with their activation resulting in direct contractions, as well as increases to spontaneous contractile activity. This study presents the prostaglandin receptor system as a potential therapeutic target for lower urinary tract dysfunction.
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31904-5_5
Abstract: Advances in consumer-level educational technologies show great promise for enhancing the learning experiences of students in health and medicine. There are particular benefits to using a combination of various devices and technologies when teaching challenging concepts. These include augmented reality-enabled devices enriched with accompanying 3D printed models, or virtual reality sessions coupled with online quizzes or revision activities. Tablet applications can also be integrated while students engage concurrently in desktop-based online learning. This mixing and merging of different technologies can allow educators to focus on the strengths of each device, while mitigating limitations arising from a single mode's stand-alone use. This chapter describes a series of options to integrate multiple digital modes when educating health science and medical students using technology. It also presents the opportunity for health professional program graduates to be trained in teaching using technology, as their future careers can be enhanced by an ability to educate effectively, or from the skills developed when incorporating innovations such as serious games into a health curriculum. With the dynamic and ever-changing nature of health and medical education, educators can find great benefits when introducing multimodal digital learning into their respective courses.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-08-2020
Publisher: Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education
Date: 29-11-2017
DOI: 10.14742/AJET.3840
Abstract: Consumer-grade virtual reality has recently become available for both desktop and mobile platforms and may redefine the way that students learn. However, the decision regarding which device to utilise within a curriculum is unclear. Desktop-based VR has considerably higher setup costs involved, whereas mobile-based VR cannot produce the quality of environment due to its limited processing power. This study aimed to compare performance in an anatomical knowledge test between two virtual reality headsets, the Oculus Rift and Gear VR, as well as to investigate student perceptions and adverse health effects experienced from their use. An identical lesson on spine anatomy was presented to subjects using either the Oculus Rift or Gear VR, with no significant differences observed in test scores from participants using either device, with both groups answering 60% of the questions correctly. However, 40% of participants experienced significantly higher rates of nausea and blurred vision when using the Gear VR (P 0.05). It was established that the more cost effective mobile-based VR was just as suitable for teaching isolated-systems than the more expensive desktop-based VR. These outcomes show great promise for the effective use of mobile-based virtual reality devices in medical and health science education.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-03-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-020-60967-7
Abstract: Inflammatory mediators may have a role in various lower urinary tract disorders. Histamine is known to induce significant increases in both the tension and frequency of spontaneous phasic contractions in both urothelium with lamina propria (U& LP) and detrusor muscle via the activation of H1 receptor in juvenile animal models. However, it is unclear whether age affects these contractile responses to histamine. This study assessed the histamine receptor subtypes mediating contraction in juvenile and adult porcine bladders and compared the urothelium with lamina propria and detrusor responses to histamine. Isolated tissue bath studies were conducted using strips of porcine U& LP and detrusor obtained from juvenile (6 months) and adult (3 years) animals exposed to histamine receptor agonists and antagonists. Treatment with histamine (100 µM) in U& LP of juvenile animals caused increases in baseline tension by 47.84 ± 6.52 mN/g (p 0.001, n = 51) and by 50.76 ± 4.10 mN/g (p 0.001, n = 55) in adult animals. Furthermore, the frequency of spontaneous phasic contractions was significantly enhanced in response to histamine in U& LP of both juvenile and adult tissues (p 0.001 for both age groups). Treatment with an H2 agonist in U& LP of juvenile animals decreased baseline tension by 13.97 ± 3.45 mN/g (n = 12, p 0.05), but had no effect in adult animals. Inhibition of H1 receptors resulted in significantly reduced contractile responses of U& LP and detrusor to histamine in both juvenile and adult animals (p 0.05). Treatment with an H2 receptor antagonist significantly enhanced contractions in juvenile preparations (n = 10, p 0.05) but had no effect in adult preparations (n = 8). In detrusor, treatment with histamine (100 µM) in juvenile tissues showed a significantly higher increase in baseline tension of 19.10 ± 4.92 mN/g (n = 51) when compared to adult tissues exhibiting increases of 8.21 ± 0.89 mN/g (n = 56, p 0.05). The increases in the baseline tension were significantly inhibited by the presence of H1 receptor antagonists in both juvenile and adult detrusor preparations. Treatment with either the H2 receptor antagonist or agonist in detrusor had no effect on both juvenile and adult tissues. Therefore, the histamine receptor system may play an essential role in the maintenance of bladder function or in bladder dysfunction observed in some lower urinary tract disorders.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-07-2020
DOI: 10.1111/MEDU.14251
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2020
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 23-06-2020
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-04-2017
DOI: 10.1002/ASE.1696
Abstract: Although cadavers constitute the gold standard for teaching anatomy to medical and health science students, there are substantial financial, ethical, and supervisory constraints on their use. In addition, although anatomy remains one of the fundamental areas of medical education, universities have decreased the hours allocated to teaching gross anatomy in favor of applied clinical work. The release of virtual (VR) and augmented reality (AR) devices allows learning to occur through hands-on immersive experiences. The aim of this research was to assess whether learning structural anatomy utilizing VR or AR is as effective as tablet-based (TB) applications, and whether these modes allowed enhanced student learning, engagement and performance. Participants (n = 59) were randomly allocated to one of the three learning modes: VR, AR, or TB and completed a lesson on skull anatomy, after which they completed an anatomical knowledge assessment. Student perceptions of each learning mode and any adverse effects experienced were recorded. No significant differences were found between mean assessment scores in VR, AR, or TB. During the lessons however, VR participants were more likely to exhibit adverse effects such as headaches (25% in VR P < 0.05), dizziness (40% in VR, P < 0.001), or blurred vision (35% in VR, P < 0.01). Both VR and AR are as valuable for teaching anatomy as tablet devices, but also promote intrinsic benefits such as increased learner immersion and engagement. These outcomes show great promise for the effective use of virtual and augmented reality as means to supplement lesson content in anatomical education. Anat Sci Educ 10: 549-559. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-02-2021
DOI: 10.1002/ASE.2049
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-03-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-40384-1
Abstract: The mechanisms underlying bladder contractile disorders such as overactive bladder are not fully understood, and there is limited understanding of the receptor systems modulating spontaneous bladder contractions. We investigated the potential for histamine to have a role in mediating contractility of the urothelium with lamina propria (U& LP) or detrusor via the H1-H4 histamine receptor subtypes. Isolated strips of porcine U& LP or detrusor smooth muscle were mounted in gassed Krebs-bicarbonate solution and responses to histamine obtained in the absence and presence of selective receptor antagonists. The presence of histamine increases the frequency of U& LP spontaneous phasic contractions and baseline tensions. In response to histamine, H1-antagonists pyrilamine, fexofenadine and cyproheptadine were effective at inhibiting contractile responses. Cimetidine (H2-antagonist) enhanced increases in baseline tension in response histamine, whereas amthamine (H2-agonist) induced relaxation. Although thioperamide (H3/H4-antagonist) increased baseline tension responses to histamine, selective H1/H2-receptor antagonism revealed no influence of these receptors. In detrusor preparations, pyrilamine, fexofenadine and cyproheptadine were effective at inhibiting baseline tension increases in response to histamine. Our findings provide evidence that histamine produces contractile responses both in the U& LP and detrusor via the H1-receptor, and this response is significantly inhibited by activation of the H2-receptor in the U& LP but not the detrusor.
No related grants have been discovered for Zane Štromberga.