ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6965-3232
Current Organisation
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Nanomaterials | Functional Materials | Medical Devices | Synthesis of Materials | Nanotechnology | Sensor Technology (Chemical aspects) | Biomedical Engineering | Materials Engineering | Organic Semiconductors | Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified | Condensed Matter Imaging |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Expanding Knowledge in Engineering | Diagnostic Methods | Expanding Knowledge in the Chemical Sciences | Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences | Health Status (e.g. Indicators of Well-Being) | Expanding Knowledge in Technology
Related Links
Publications
Gecko-inspired chitosan adhesive for tissue repair
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2016
DOI: 10.1038/AM.2016.73
Fabrication and characterization of chitosan nanoparticles using the coffee‐ring effect for photodynamic therapy
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-02-2022
DOI: 10.1002/LSM.23530
Abstract: Biocompatible nanoparticles have been increasingly used in a variety of medical applications, including photodynamic therapy. Although the impact of synthesis parameters and purification methods is reported in previous studies, it is still challenging to produce a reliable protocol for the fabrication, purification, and characterization of nanoparticles in the 200–300 nm range that are highly monodisperse for biomedical applications. We investigated the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles in the 200–300 nm range by evaluating the chitosan to sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) mass ratio and acetic acid concentration of the chitosan solution. Chitosan nanoparticles were also crosslinked to rose bengal and incubated with human breast cancer cells (MCF‐7) to test photodynamic activity using a green laser ( λ = 532 nm, power = 90 mW). We established a simple protocol to fabricate and purify biocompatible nanoparticles with the most frequent size occurring between 200 and 300 nm. This was achieved using a chitosan to TPP mass ratio of 5:1 in 1% v/v acetic acid at a pH of 5.5. The protocol involved the formation of nanoparticle coffee rings that showed the particle shape to be spherical in the first approximation. Photodynamic treatment with rose bengal‐nanoparticles killed ~98% of cancer cells. A simple protocol was established to prepare and purify spherical and biocompatible chitosan nanoparticles with a peak size of ~200 nm. These have remarkable antitumor activity when coupled with photodynamic treatment.
Temporal changes of EGFR mutations and T790M levels in tumour and plasma DNA following AZD9291 treatment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.LUNGCAN.2016.05.003
Abstract: AZD9291, a T790M specific epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated impressive response rates in tumours harbouring the EGFR T790M resistance mutation. Emergence of resistance to AZD9291 has been shown to occur through several different mechanisms including the development of new mutations (e.g. C797S) in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain. We studied two patients with paired tumour biopsies and blood s les pre- and post-progression on AZD9291 to explore possible resistance mechanisms. Pre- and Post-AZD9291 tumour biopsies as well as serial plasma s les were collected from two patients on the AURA clinical study (AZD9291 First Time in Patients Ascending Dose study). Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays were used to quantify T790M, the driver EGFR mutation, and the C797S mutation in genomic DNA from paired tumour biopsies and plasma cell-free DNA. In the first patient, both EGFR T790M and L858R became undetectable in the plasma within 1 month after treatment with AZD9291. However, the T790M and the original L858R mutation re-emerged with radiologically confirmed resistance to AZD9291. In patient two, the levels of T790M were undetectable at the time of radiological resistance to AZD9291 but increasing levels of the original EGFR exon 19 deletion was detected. MET lification was detected in a biopsy performed on progression. The EGFR C797S mutation was not detected in either patient at the time of relapse. ddPCR of cell free DNA enables real time monitoring of patients on 3rd generation TKIs. As resistance mechanisms are variable, monitoring levels of the initial activating EGFR mutation may facilitate more reliable detection of progression.
Promoter hypomethylation of NY-ESO-1, association with clinicopathological features and PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer
Publisher: Impact Journals, LLC
Date: 23-05-2017
Impact of Sterilization on a Conjugated Polymer-Based Bioelectronic Patch
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-04-2021
Tissue repair strength using chitosan adhesives with different physical-chemical characteristics
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-01-2014
Abstract: A range of chitosan–based biomaterials have recently been used to perform sutureless, laser‐activated tissue repair. Laser‐activation has the advantage of bonding to tissue through a non‐contact, aseptic mechanism. Chitosan adhesive films have also been shown to adhere to sheep intestine strongly without any chemical modification to chitosan. In this study, we continue to investigate chitosan adhesive films and explore the impact on the tissue repair strength and tensile strength characteristics of four types of adhesive film based on chitosan with different molecular weight and degree of deacetylation. Results showed that adhesives based on chitosan with medium molecular weight achieved the highest bonding strength, tensile strength and E‐modulus when compared to the other adhesives. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mesenchyme to epithelial transition protein expression, gene copy number and clinical outcome in a large non-small cell lung cancer surgical cohort
Publisher: AME Publishing Company
Date: 04-2019
Porous chitosan adhesives with L-DOPA for enhanced photochemical tissue bonding
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Semitransparent bandages based on chitosan and extracellular matrix for photochemical tissue bonding
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-01-2018
Realising the Value of Linked Data to Health Economic Analyses of Cancer Care: A Case Study of Cancer 2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-11-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S40273-015-0343-2
Abstract: There is a growing appetite for large complex databases that integrate a range of personal, socio-demographic, health, genetic and financial information on in iduals. It has been argued that 'Big Data' will provide the necessary catalyst to advance both biomedical research and health economics and outcomes research. However, it is important that we do not succumb to being data rich but information poor. This paper discusses the benefits and challenges of building Big Data, analysing Big Data and making appropriate inferences in order to advance cancer care, using Cancer 2015 (a prospective, longitudinal, genomic cohort study in Victoria, Australia) as a case study. Cancer 2015 has been linked to State and Commonwealth reimbursement databases that have known limitations. This partly reflects the funding arrangements in Australia, a country with both public and private provision, including public funding of private healthcare, and partly the legislative frameworks that govern data linkage. Additionally, linkage is not without time delays and, as such, achieving a contemporaneous database is challenging. Despite these limitations, there is clear value in using linked data and creating Big Data. This paper describes the linked Cancer 2015 dataset, discusses estimation issues given the nature of the data and presents panel regression results that allow us to make possible inferences regarding which patient, disease, genomic and treatment characteristics explain variation in health expenditure.
Effect of Reasons for Screen Failure on Subsequent Treatment Outcomes in Cancer Patients Assessed for Clinical Trials
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1159/000501211
Abstract: b i Introduction: /i /b The cancer research community increasingly question the rigidity of eligibility criteria in clinical trials. Common reasons for “screen failure” (RFSF) are well documented however, their effect on subsequent standard therapy (SST) and outcomes is unclear. b i Methods: /i /b This retrospective study evaluated patients aged ≥18 years with solid malignancy who were listed as ineligible on a screening log between February 2011 and March 2018. Patients screen-failed for biomarker results or incorrect cancer stage rior treatment profile were excluded. Data were collected from electronic hospital records, including demographics, cancer history, RFSF, subsequent therapy, and outcomes. b i Results: /i /b Overall, 217 patients were eligible. The most common histologies were lung (28%), melanoma, colon, and pancreatic (all 11%) 90% were metastatic. The most common RFSF were rapid disease progression (PD 16%), performance status (PS) ≥2 (12%), and abnormal liver function tests (aLFT 12%). After screen failure, 129/217 (59%) had SST 9 were dose-reduced. Treatment-naïve or phase III trial-ineligible patients were more likely to receive SST than those pre-treated or phase I trial-ineligible (72/104 vs. 52/113, i /i = 0.0006 71/109 vs. 15/42, i /i = 0.00013), respectively. RFSF stabilised/improved in 104/217 (48%) the main RFSF was co-morbidity (19/104). The most common RFSF to deteriorate were rapid PD (27/72), PS ≥2 (20/72), and aLFT with liver metastases (LM 13/72). b i Conclusions: /i /b RFSF related to organ function rarely deteriorate unless directly involved with underlying malignancy. Most RFSF do not prevent patients from having SST, nor increase dose reductions, especially in treatment-naïve hase III trial-ineligible patients. Those with RFSF of poor PS, rapid PD, and aLFT from LM are less suitable for SST. Careful broadening of trial eligibility is warranted.
Synthesis and characterization of novel radiopaque poly(allyl amine) nanoparticles
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 26-07-2010
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/33/335603
Abstract: Contrast agents are currently used in a variety of diagnostic imaging techniques, including computer tomography for early cancer detection. Radiopaque nanoparticles have recently been proposed as an alternative method to traditional contrast agents that may allow for long-term image tracking. The aim of this study was the preparation and characterization of aqueous suspensions of radiopaque nanoparticles made of poly(allyl amine) derivatives. Poly(allylamine) (PA) was modified by grafting either 4-iodobenzoyl chloride or 2,3,5-triiodobenzoyl chloride to make the polymer x-ray visible. Nanoparticles of the modified PA were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method and purified with respect to residual organic solvents. Stable suspensions of spherical particles of sub-micronic diameter were characterized by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the 4.5 wt% suspensions of nanoparticles displayed an x-ray visibility ranging between 185 and 235 HU. The non-clustering ability of the novel PA radiopaque nanoparticles suggests they could be injected via a catheter without clogging or sedimentation.
A One Step Procedure toward Conductive Suspensions of Liposome‐Polyaniline Complexes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-06-2020
Pembrolizumab as Palliative Immunotherapy in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JTHO.2018.08.007
Abstract: There is no approved second-line treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). On the basis of promising early results, pembrolizumab was used off-label in Switzerland and Australia. We investigated outcomes in association with clinicopathological features and expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Registry data in Australia and Switzerland were pooled. Patient characteristics, including age, sex, histological subtype, and previous treatments were captured. Outcomes were assessed locally. PD-L1 expression was categorized as negative (<5%), intermediate (5%-49%), and high (≥50%). A total of 93 patients (48 from Switzerland and 45 from Australia) were treated 68 patients (73%) had epithelioid MPM, and 67 (72%) had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. Pembrolizumab was the second-line treatment in 48 of 93 patients (52%). PD-L1 expression results were available for 66 patients (71%). Most (68%) were negative, 18% were intermediate, and 14% were high for PD-L1 expression. In the full cohort, the overall response rate (ORR) was 18%, the median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 3.1 months, and the median overall survival was 7.2 months. In patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 and only one previous systemic treatment (n = 35), the ORR was 37%, the mPFS was 3.7 months, and the median overall survival was 10.2 months. The nonepitheloid histological subtype showed an improved ORR (24% versus 16% [p = 0.54) and mPFS (5.6 versus 2.8 months [p = 0.02]). Compared with intermediate and negative PD-L1 expression, high PD-L1 expression was associated with an improved ORR (44% versus 42% versus 11% [p = 0.01]) and mPFS (6.2 versus 3.9 versus 2.7 months [p = 0.04]). Toxicity was as expected. These real-world data demonstrate similar response rates but inferior survival compared with those in early-phase trials. High PD-L1 expression and nonepitheloid histological subtype were associated with greater activity. Anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy is a reasonable second-line therapy in patients with MPM.
Combination Osimertinib and Gefitinib in C797S and T790M EGFR-Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.JTHO.2017.08.006
Abstract: Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor has demonstrated efficacy in tumors harboring the EGFR T790M resistance mutation. Inevitably, resistance to third-generation inhibitors results in disease progression, with the EGFR C797S mutation being one of several resistance pathways identified to date. On the basis of preclinical data, we report what is the first known case of a patient harboring the T790M and C797S mutations in trans treated with combination gefitinib and osimertinib. On development of progressive disease after multiple therapies, the patient's plasma was sequenced using the Oncomine Lung cfDNA Assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). Subsequent monitoring of circulating tumor DNA in plasma was performed by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. Sequencing showed that the T790M and C797S mutations were in trans. Within 2 weeks of commencement of combination therapy, rapid clinical improvement occurred. Accompanying this, a rapid decline in the C797S mutation subclone in plasma was detected. However, the levels of the EGFR exon 19 deletion driver mutation and the T790M resistance mutation in the circulating tumor DNA continued to rise and the patient died from progressive disease 6 weeks after commencement of combination therapy. There were no adverse events seen with the combination therapy. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported case of combination EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy tailored to the allelic conformation of T790M and C797S mutation that resulted in brief clinical improvement without toxicity.
Bronchoepidural Fistula in a Man with Actinomycosis Complicated Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Conducting Polymer Hydrogels: A Single Component Conducting Polymer Hydrogel as a Scaffold for Tissue Engineering (Adv. Funct. Mater. 13/2012)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-07-2012
Fabrication and Application of Rose Bengal-chitosan Films in Laser Tissue Repair
Publisher: MyJove Corporation
Date: 23-10-2012
DOI: 10.3791/4158
A conjugated polymer‐liposome complex: A contiguous water‐stable, electronic, and optical interface
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-11-2021
DOI: 10.1002/VIW.20200081
Impact of sterilization on a conjugated polymer based bioelectronic patch
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 20-01-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.19.427349
Abstract: Translation into the clinic of organic bioelectronic devices having conjugated polymers as the active material will hinge on their long-term operation in vivo . This will require the device to be subject to clinically approved sterilization techniques without a deterioration in its physical and electronic properties. To date, there remains a gap in the literature addressing the impact of this critical pre-operative procedure on the properties of conjugated polymers. This study aims to address this gap by assessing the physical and electronic properties of a sterilized porous bioelectronic patch having polyaniline as the conjugated polymer. The patch was sterilized by autoclave, ethylene oxide and gamma (γ-) irradiation at 15, 25, and 50 kGy doses. Autoclaving resulted in cracking and macroscopic degradation of the patch, while patches sterilized by γ-irradiation at 50 kGy exhibited reduced mechanical and electronic properties, attributed to chain scission and non-uniform crosslinking caused by the high dose irradiation. Ethylene oxide and γ-irradiation at 15 and 25 kGy sterilization appeared to be the most effective at maintaining the mechanical and electronic properties of the patch, as well as inducing a minimal immune response as revealed by a receding fibrotic capsule after 4 weeks implantation. Our findings pave the way towards closing the gap for the translation of organic bioelectronic devices from acute to long-term in vivo models.
PD-L1 expression as a prognostic marker in patients treated with chemotherapy for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer
Publisher: Future Medicine Ltd
Date: 05-2022
Abstract: Background: In metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (mNSCLC), PD-L1 expression is associated with benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, the significance of PD-L1 expression in chemotherapy-treated patients is uncertain. Methods: Using the chemotherapy control arm of first-line randomized trials, a meta-analysis of the association between efficacy outcomes and PD-L1 status was performed, stratified by assay due to inter-assay differences. Results: Across 12 trials and 4378 patients, overall survival (OS) was superior in high PD-L1 versus negative tumors and low versus negative according to 22C3/28-8 assays. When classified by SP142 assay, no significant difference in response or survival was seen between PD-L1 groups. Conclusion: In mNSCLC, high PD-L1-expressing tumors are associated with longer OS and improved objective rate when treated with chemotherapy. Inter-assay variability impacts outcome results.
Photodynamic therapy with nanoparticles to combat microbial infection and resistance
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0NR04540C
Abstract: Recent developments of nanoparticles and nanoparticulate systems in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, focusing on drug-resistant microbes, cellular interactions, and safety considerations.
In vitro cell compatibility study of rose bengal-chitosan adhesives
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-09-2012
DOI: 10.1002/LSM.22076
Abstract: Photochemical tissue bonding (PTB) using rose bengal (RB) in conjunction with light is an alternative technique to repair tissue without suturing. It was recently demonstrated that laser-irradiated chitosan films, incorporating RB, bonded firmly to calf intestine in vitro. It is thus required to investigate the possible cytotoxic effects of the RB-chitosan adhesive on cells before testing its application to in vivo models. Adhesive films, based on chitosan and containing ~0.1 wt% RB were fabricated. Their cytotoxicity was assessed by growing human and murine fibroblasts either in media in which adhesive strips had been incubated, or directly on the adhesive. The adhesive was either laser-irradiated or not. Cells were stained after 48 hours with Trypan blue and the number of live and dead cells was recorded for cell viability. Murine and human fibroblasts grew confluent on the adhesives with no apparent morphological changes or any exclusion zone. Cell numbers of murine fibroblasts were not significantly different when cultured in media that was extracted from irradiated (86 ± 7%) and non-irradiated adhesive (89 ± 4%). A similar result was obtained for the human fibroblasts. These findings support that the RB-chitosan films induced negligible toxicity and growth retardation in murine and human fibroblasts.
Electrically Induced Disassembly of Electroactive Multilayer Films Fabricated from Water Soluble Polythiophenes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-07-2012
Emerging trends in the development of flexible optrode arrays for electrophysiology
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 09-2023
DOI: 10.1063/5.0153753
The ADAM Trial
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Date: 2017
A Conducting polymer with enhanced electronic stability applied in cardiac models
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 04-11-2016
Abstract: Researchers develop sutureless conductive patch with enhanced biostability and effect on heart conduction velocity.
Lysozyme depolymerization of photo-activated chitosan adhesive films
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBPOL.2014.12.008
Abstract: Effective tissue bioadhesion of rose bengal-chitosan films can be achieved by photoactivation using a green laser. In this study, lysozyme was incorporated in these films to enhance the rate of depolymerization and assess the laser impact on lysozyme. The lysozyme loaded films exhibited a 21% mass loss after 4 weeks implantation in rats while control films (without lysozyme) had only 7% mass loss. Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectroscopy showed that chitosan degraded into monomers and oligomers of glucosamine and N-acetyl-glucosamine. Irradiation with laser did not affect the depolymerization of adhesive by lysozyme suggesting that the inclusion of lysozyme in the bioadhesive is a viable technique for tailoring the depolymerization.
Australian recommendations for EGFR T790M testing in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-07-2017
DOI: 10.1111/AJCO.12699
Abstract: First-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are used as first-line therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring a sensitizing mutation in the EGFR gene. Unfortunately, resistance to these therapies often occurs within 10 months of commencing treatment and is mostly commonly due to the development of the EGFR T790M mutation. Treatment with the third-generation EGFR TKI, osimertinib can prolong progression free survival in patients with the T790M mutation, so it is important to determine the resistance mechanism in order to plan ongoing therapeutic strategies. Here we review the evidence and make recommendations for the timing of T790M mutation testing, the most appropriate specimens to test and the available testing methods in patients progressing during treatment with first line EGFR TKIs for NSCLC.
Porous and sutureless bioelectronic patch with retained electronic properties under cyclic stretching
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
The effect of redox polymerisation on degradation and cell responses to poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogels
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOMATERIALS.2006.10.007
Abstract: Biocompatible, degradable hydrogel systems that can cure in situ following injection as a liquid are useful as a base for tissue engineering and drug delivery. In this study, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymers were modified with degradable crosslinkers and formulated for either ultraviolet (UV) light initiation or chemical initiation using an oxidation/reduction (redox) curing method. A major objective was to compare the properties of degradable PVA hydrogels formed via two routes of curing. The effect of macromer concentration, degree of hydrolysis and functional group density on the degradation profiles was investigated. Also, since the hydrogels have been designed to be injected as a liquid for in situ curing, the effect of modified macromer solutions and degradation products on cell growth was investigated. Total degradation times ranged from approximately 20 days up to 120 days and increased in direct proportion with percent macromer. Initiation method (UV or redox) did not significantly impact on time for total degradation. While aqueous solutions of the modified macromer induced some cell growth inhibition, mainly associated with oxidative solutions, degradation products showed relatively low cell growth inhibition. Degradable PVA hydrogels tailored to produce networks with various degradation profiles can be cured by redox initiation and have potential as injectable polymers for soft-tissue engineering and drug delivery.
The Role of Cancer-Testis Antigens as Predictive and Prognostic Markers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-07-2013
Micro‐ and Nanostructured Biomaterials for Sutureless Tissue Repair
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-01-2016
Abstract: Sutureless procedures for wound repair and closure have recently integrated nanostructured devices to improve their effectiveness and clinical outcome. This review highlights the major advances in gecko-inspired bioadhesives that relies mostly on van der Waals bonding forces. These are challenged by the moist environment of surgical settings that weaken adherence to tissue. The incorporation of nanoparticles in biomatrices and their role in tissue repair and drug delivery is also reviewed with an emphasis on procedures involving adhesives that are laser-activated. Nanostructured adhesive devices have the advantage of being minimally invasive to tissue, can seal wounds, and deliver drugs in situ. All these tasks are very difficult to accomplish by sutures or staples that are invasive to host organs and often cause scarring.
Current Technologies Based on the Knowledge of the Stem Cells Microenvironments
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69194-7_13
Abstract: The stem cell microenvironment or niche plays a critical role in the regulation of survival, differentiation and behavior of stem cells and their progenies. Recapitulating each aspect of the stem cell niche is therefore essential for their optimal use in in vitro studies and in vivo as future therapeutics in humans. Engineering of optimal conditions for three-dimensional stem cell culture includes multiple transient and dynamic physiological stimuli, such as blood flow and tissue stiffness. Bioprinting and microfluidics technologies, including organs-on-a-chip, are among the most recent approaches utilized to replicate the three-dimensional stem cell niche for human tissue fabrication that allow the integration of multiple levels of tissue complexity, including blood flow. This chapter focuses on the physico-chemical and genetic cues utilized to engineer the stem cell niche and provides an overview on how both bioprinting and microfluidics technologies are improving our knowledge in this field for both disease modeling and tissue regeneration, including drug discovery and toxicity high-throughput assays and stem cell-based therapies in humans.
A flexible polyaniline-based bioelectronic patch
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C7BM00880E
Abstract: A flexible bioelectronic patch designed to have optimal electrical properties, biocompatibility and electroactivity after 2 week in vivo implantation.
Light treatments of nail fungal infections
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-01-2018
Stimulation and Repair of Peripheral Nerves Using Bioadhesive Graft-Antenna
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-04-2019
Abstract: An original wireless stimulator for peripheral nerves based on a metal loop (diameter ≈1 mm) that is powered by a transcranial magnetic stimulator (TMS) and does not require circuitry components is reported. The loop can be integrated in a chitosan scaffold that functions as a graft when applied onto transected nerves (graft‐antenna). The graft‐antenna is bonded to rat sciatic nerves by a laser without sutures it does not migrate after implantation and is able to trigger steady compound muscle action potentials for 12 weeks (CMAP ≈1.3 mV). Eight weeks postoperatively, axon regeneration is facilitated in transected nerves that are repaired with the graft‐antenna and stimulated by the TMS for 1 h per week. The graft‐antenna is an innovative and minimally‐invasive device that functions concurrently as a wireless stimulator and adhesive scaffold for nerve repair.
Molecular design of an electropolymerized copolymer with carboxylic and sulfonic acid functionalities
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
Correlation of mutation status and survival with predominant histologic subtype according to the new IASLC/ATS/ERS lung adenocarcinoma classification in stage III (N2) patients
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
An in vitro study of the photodynamic effect of rose bengal on trichophyton rubrum
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-11-2014
Abstract: Onychomycosis, a fungal infection of the finger or toenails, is predominantly caused by Trichophyton rubrum. Treatment is difficult due to high recurrence rates and problems with treatment compliance. For these reasons, alternative therapies are needed. Here we describe the photoactivation of Rose Bengal (RB) using a green laser (λ = 532 nm) at fluences of 68, 133 and 228 J/cm(2) , and assess its fungicidal activity on T. rubrum spore suspensions. A 140 µM RB solution was able to induce a fungicidal effect on T. rubrum when photosensitized with the fluence of 228 J/cm(2) . RB photosensitization using a green laser provides a potential novel treatment for T. rubrum infections.
All-organic semiconductors for electrochemical biosensors: An overview of recent progress in material design
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 25-09-2019
Assessing Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Solid Tumors: A Practical Review for Pathologists and Proposal for a Standardized Method From the International Immunooncology Biomarkers Working Group: Par
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2017
Photoactive Organic Substrates for Cell Stimulation: Progress and Perspectives
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-02-2019
Assessing Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Solid Tumors: A Practical Review for Pathologists and Proposal for a Standardized Method from the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers Working Group: Pa
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 11-2017
Standard dose osimertinib for erlotinib refractory T790M-negative EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer with leptomeningeal disease
Publisher: AME Publishing Company
Date: 05-2019
Conductive Polymer Hydrogels
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-11-2015
Electroconductive Hydrogel Based on Functional Poly(Ethylenedioxy Thiophene)
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-08-2016
Porous Chitosan Films Support Stem Cells and Facilitate Sutureless Tissue Repair
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-08-2019
Chitosan-ECM bandages for photochemical tissue repair
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Significant detection of new germline pathogenic variants in Australian Pancreatic Cancer Screening Program participants.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-08-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S13053-021-00190-1
Abstract: The Australian Pancreatic Cancer Screening Program (APCSP) offers endoscopic ultrasound surveillance for in iduals at increased risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with all participants requiring assessment by a Familial Cancer Service before or after study enrolment. In iduals aged 40–80 years (or 10 years younger than the earliest PDAC diagnosis) were eligible for APCSP study entry if they had 1) ≥ two blood relatives with PDAC (at least one of first-degree association) 2) a clinical or genetic diagnosis of Hereditary Pancreatitis or Peutz-Jeghers syndrome irrespective of PDAC family history or 3) a known PDAC predisposition germline pathogenic variant ( BRCA2, PALB2, CDKN2A, or Lynch syndrome) with ≥one PDAC-affected first- or second-degree relative. Retrospective medical record review was conducted for APCSP participants enrolled at the participating Australian hospitals from January 2011 to December 2019. We audited the genetic investigations offered by multiple Familial Cancer Services who assessed APCSP participants according to national guidelines, local clinical protocol and/or the availability of external research-funded testing, and the subsequent findings. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel. Of 189 kindreds (285 participants), 50 kindreds (71 participants) had a known germline pathogenic variant at enrolment ( BRCA2 n = 35, PALB2 n = 6, CDKN2A n = 3, STK11 n = 3, PRSS1 n = 2, MLH1 n = 1). Forty-eight of 136 (35%) kindreds with no known germline pathogenic variant were offered mutation analysis 89% was clinic-funded, with increasing self-funded testing since 2016. The relatively low rates of genetic testing performed reflects initial strict criteria for clinic-funded genetic testing. New germline pathogenic variants were detected in five kindreds (10.4%) after study enrolment ( BRCA2 n = 3 kindreds, PALB2 n = 1, CDKN2A n = 1). Of note, only eight kindreds were reassessed by a Familial Cancer Service since enrolment, with a further 21 kindreds identified as being suitable for reassessment. Germline pathogenic variants associated with PDAC were seen in 29.1% of our high-risk cohort (55/189 kindreds 82/285 participants). Importantly, 10.4% of kindreds offered genetic testing were newly identified as having germline pathogenic variants, with majority being BRCA2 . As genetic testing standards evolve rapidly in PDAC, 5-yearly reassessment of high-risk in iduals by Familial Cancer Services is warranted.
Mismatch Repair Protein Defects and Microsatellite Instability in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JTHO.2018.07.015
Abstract: Malignant pleural mesothelioma is an aggressive malignancy with limited systemic therapy options. Promising results have been reported with use of anti-programmed cell death 1 therapy however, its benefits appear to be confined to a subgroup of patients. Microsatellite instability (MSI) results from the inactivation of DNA mismatch repair genes and results in a high tumor mutational burden, a phenomenon that has not been seen with mesothelioma. MSI and protein absence have been shown to correlate in colorectal cancer, such that most centers have adopted immunohistochemistry (IHC) to screen for MSI-high colorectal cancers. We profiled a large cohort of patients with mesothelioma to determine the rate of negative IHC staining results the four common mismatch repair proteins. A tissue microarray comprising 335 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma were used. IHC for the four common mismatch repair proteins (mutL homolog 1 PMS1 homolog 2, mismatch repair system component mutS homolog 2 and mutS homolog 6) was performed. Programmed death ligand 1 IHC staining with the E1L3N clone was also performed. DNA was isolated from IHC equivocal s les and analyzed for microsatellite instability by using the Promega MSI Analysis System (version 1.2, Promega, Madison, WI). Of the patients profiled, 329 had intact mismatch repair proteins by IHC. Six s les with IHC testing results indicating absent mismatch repair protein were analyzed for MSI and confirmed to be negative. Of the six IHC-negative s les, five were negative for programmed death ligand 1 staining and one s le had more than 5% staining. In this large retrospective series, we were unable to identify any patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma with microsatellite instability. Response to anti-programmed cell death 1-based immunotherapy may be driven by other mechanisms.
BCL-XL and MCL-1 are the key BCL-2 family proteins in melanoma cell survival
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-04-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41419-019-1568-3
Abstract: Malignant melanoma is one of the most difficult cancers to treat due to its resistance to chemotherapy. Despite recent successes with BRAF inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, many patients do not respond or become resistant to these drugs. Hence, alternative treatments are still required. Due to the importance of the BCL-2-regulated apoptosis pathway in cancer development and drug resistance, it is of interest to establish which proteins are most important for melanoma cell survival, though the outcomes of previous studies have been conflicting. To conclusively address this question, we tested a panel of established and early passage patient-derived cell lines against several BH3-mimetic drugs designed to target in idual or subsets of pro-survival BCL-2 proteins, alone and in combination, in both 2D and 3D cell cultures. None of the drugs demonstrated significant activity as single agents, though combinations targeting MCL-1 plus BCL-XL, and to a lesser extent BCL-2, showed considerable synergistic killing activity that was elicited via both BAX and BAK. Genetic deletion of BFL-1 in cell lines that express it at relatively high levels only had minor impact on BH3-mimetic drug sensitivity, suggesting it is not a critical pro-survival protein in melanoma. Combinations of MCL-1 inhibitors with BRAF inhibitors also caused only minimal additional melanoma cell killing over each drug alone, whilst combinations with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib was more effective in multiple cell lines. Our data show for the first time that therapies targeting specific combinations of BCL-2 pro-survival proteins, namely MCL-1 plus BCL-XL and MCL-1 plus BCL-2, could have significant benefit for the treatment of melanoma.
Laser‐activated adhesive films for sutureless median nerve anastomosis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-05-2013
Abstract: A novel chitosan adhesive film that incorporates the dye ‘Rose Bengal’ (RB) was used in conjunction with a green laser to repair transected rat median nerves in vivo . Histology and electrophysiological recording assessed the impact of the laser‐adhesive technique on nerves. One week post‐operatively, the sham‐control group (laser‐adhesive technique applied on un‐transected nerves) conserved the average number and size of myelinated fibres in comparison to its contralateral side and electrophysiological recordings demonstrated no significant difference with un‐operated nerves. Twelve weeks after the laser‐adhesive anastomoses, nerves were in continuity with regenerated axons that crossed the anastomotic site. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Single Component Conducting Polymer Hydrogel as a Scaffold for Tissue Engineering
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-04-2012
Network structure and macromolecular drug release from poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels fabricated via two crosslinking strategies
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJPHARM.2008.08.038
Abstract: Injectable hydrogels have potential biomedical applications ranging from tissue fillers to drug delivery vehicles. This study focussed on evaluating the structure of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels of variable solid content and high molecular weight model drug release from the networks formed via either conventional photo-polymerization compared with chemical initiation of polymerization using an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction. Swelling behaviour was characterised in water to assess the structural properties. Model drugs, FITC-Dextran, 20 kDa (FD20) and 4 kDa (FD4) were loaded in the hydrogels prior to curing and drug release studies conducted. Redox-cured hydrogels were more swollen than UV-cured systems, lost approximately 20% of their polymer mass compared to only 5% from UV-cured hydrogels and subsequently exhibited networks of larger mesh sizes. Also, networks of variable solid contents showed different structural properties with systems of higher polymer concentration exhibiting a smaller mesh size. The difference in structural properties of the networks affected release of FD20, being faster in redox-cured than UV-cured hydrogels, and slower from systems of higher solid content. Release of FD4 was faster than FD20 from networks of same solid content. This study suggested that PVA hydrogels can be cured by redox-initiation to function as a controlled delivery system for macromolecular drugs.
Chitosan adhesive films for photochemical tissue bonding
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3626916
Biofunctional conducting polymers: synthetic advances, challenges, and perspectives towards their use in implantable bioelectronic devices
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2021
A genome-wide screen for tolerance to rose bengal photodynamic therapy and its use in onychomycosis treatment
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 07-03-2019
DOI: 10.1117/12.2509284
A Phosphonated Poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) Derivative with Low Oxidation Potential for Energy-Efficient Bioelectronic Devices
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-12-2022
Drug-delivery study and estimation of polymer-solvent interaction parameter for bisacrylate ester-modified Pluronic hydrogels
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJPHARM.2008.04.032
Abstract: In this study, Pluronic F127 hydrogels were characterised as an injectable system for the controlled release of drugs with variable molecular weights (FITC-Dextran at 70 and 40 kDa). In addition, the polymer-solvent interaction parameter (chi) was successfully estimated. Pluronic hydrogels (10-25 wt.%) were redox cured and their swelling behaviour investigated in PBS (pH 7.45) at 37 degrees C. After swelling to equilibrium, the hydrogels were compressed and the rubber-elasticity theory was applied to evaluate chi. Tensile tests proved the hydrogels were elastic and their chi values ranged between 0.50 and 0.53. The full drug load could be delivered over a period of approximately 15 h suggesting that redox cured Pluronic F127 hydrogels can function as injectable systems for controlled and sustained release of macromolecules.
An erodible polythiophene-based composite for biomedical applications
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1JM10259A
Advances in Hydrogels Applied to Degenerative Diseases
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 04-2012
DOI: 10.2174/138161212800492895
Abstract: Hydrogels are currently applied in the treatment of numerous degenerative diseases because of their three dimensional (3D) nature, high water content and wide range of polymers that can be used for their fabrication. Hydrogels have been investigated and commercialized, for ex le, as soft contact lens-based ophthalmic drug delivery systems. These novel devices improved the bioavailability of ophthalmic drugs and their residence time. Hydrogels are also being investigated to facilitate and augment targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. This approach minimizes significantly the side effects associated with conventional administration of anti-cancer therapeutics. The application of hydrogels as 3D scaffold has recently gained momentum because they can mimic key features of the extracellular matrix. For this reason, hydrogels are representing a viable alternative to traditional tumor xenograft in cancer biology studies. This review highlights recent advances in the development of hydrogels that are applied in degenerative diseases such as ocular, cancer, spine and cartilage degenerative pathologies.
Versatile Fabrication Approach of Conductive Hydrogels via Copolymerization with Vinyl Monomers
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-12-2017
Abstract: Functionalized poly(ethylene dioxythiophene) (f-PEDOT) was copolymerized with two vinyl monomers of different hydrophilicity, acrylic acid and hydroxyethyl methacrylate, to produce electroconductive hydrogels with a range of physical and electronic properties. These hydrogels not only possessed tailored physical properties, such as swelling ratios and mechanical properties, but also displayed electroactivity dependent on the chemical composition of the network. Raman spectroscopy indicated that the functional PEDOT in the hydrogels is in an oxidized form, most likely accounting for the good electrochemical response of the hydrogels observed in physiological buffer. In vitro cell studies showed that cardiac cells respond differently when seeded on hydrogel substrates with different compositions. This study presents a facile approach for the fabrication of electroconductive hydrogels with a range of properties, paving the way for scaffolds that can meet the requirements of different electroresponsive tissues.
Photochemical tissue bonding with chitosan adhesive films
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2010
Correction to A Phosphonated Poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) Derivative with Low Oxidation Potential for Energy-Efficient Bioelectronic Devices
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-06-2023
Green Synthesis of Lactone‐Based Conjugated Polymers for n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-01-2022
Abstract: As new and better materials are implemented for organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), it becomes increasingly important to adopt more economic and environmentally friendly synthesis pathways with respect to conventional transition‐metal‐catalyzed polymerizations. Herein, a series of novel n‐type donor–acceptor‐conjugated polymers based on glycolated lactone and bis‐isatin units are reported. All the polymers are synthesized via green and metal‐free aldol polymerization. The strong electron‐deficient lactone‐building blocks provide low‐lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and the rigid backbone needed for efficient electron mobility up to 0.07 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . Instead, polar atoms in the backbone and ethylene glycol side chains contribute to the ionic conductivity. The resulting OECTs exhibit a normalized maximum transconductance g m,norm of 0.8 S cm −1 and a μC * of 6.7 F cm −1 V −1 s −1 . Data on the microstructure show that such device performance originates from a unique porous morphology together with a highly disordered amorphous microstructure, leading to efficient ion‐to‐electron coupling. Overall, the design strategy provides an inexpensive and metal‐free polymerization route for high‐performing n‐type OECTs.
Immunomodulatory properties of photopolymerizable fucoidan and carrageenans
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBPOL.2019.115691
Abstract: Innovative approaches to the control of immune response to tissue engineering scaffolds is of high priority. IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, has traditionally been conjugated to synthetic polymers for local immunomodulation. Marine-sulfated polysaccharides have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties. In the present work, it was hypothesized that photopolymerizable fucoidan and carrageenan play similar roles as the IL-10. The polysaccharides were functionalized with methacrylate groups. Their immunomodulatory properties were evaluated and compared relative to IL-10. The polysaccharides were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, revealing 12-13 % functionalization. The data revealed that fucoidan had the same activity as the IL-10 in decreasing LPS- and IFN-γ-stimulated CD86 expression. In addition, fucoidan had a protective role against LPS- and IFN-γ-induced cell growth inhibition. All polysaccharides demonstrated ∼90 % superoxide radical scavenging and they considerably decreased LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production. These results suggest that photopolymerizable fucoidan can be an alternative to IL-10 in the design of immunomodulatory biomaterials.
Condition-specific or generic preference-based measures in oncology? A comparison of the EORTC-8D and the EQ-5D-3L
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-11-2016
Adhesive biomaterials for tissue reconstruction
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-09-2008
DOI: 10.1002/JCTB.1771
Treatment of ALK-rearranged non- small cell lung cancer: A review of the landscape and approach to emerging patterns of treatment resistance in the Australian context
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2017
DOI: 10.1111/AJCO.12754
Abstract: Since the identification of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 2005, the treatment of ALK-rearranged NSCLC (ALK+ NSCLC) has evolved at a rapid pace. This molecularly distinct subset of NSCLC has uniquely important biology, clinicopathologic features and mechanisms of drug resistance which impact on the choice of treatment for a patient with this disease. There are multiple ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors now available in clinical practice with efficacy data continuing to emerge and guide the optimal treatment algorithm. A detailed search of medical databases and clinical trial registries was conducted to capture all relevant articles on this topic enabling an updated detailed overview of the landscape of management of ALK-rearranged NSCLC.
Diagnostic challenges in dielectric loss assessment and interpretation: a review
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 08-2019
Emulsion-coaxial electrospinning: designing novel architectures for sustained release of highly soluble low molecular weight drugs
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2JM31069D
Nintedanib Plus Pemetrexed/Cisplatin in Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Phase II Results From the Randomized, Placebo-Controlled LUME-Meso Trial
Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Date: 11-2017
Abstract: LUME-Meso is a phase II/III randomized, double-blind trial designed to assess efficacy and safety of nintedanib plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Phase II results are reported here. Chemotherapy-naïve patients with unresectable, nonsarcomatoid MPM (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 1), stratified by histology (epithelioid or biphasic), were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to up to six cycles of pemetrexed and cisplatin plus nintedanib (200 mg twice daily) or placebo followed by nintedanib plus placebo monotherapy until progression. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Eighty-seven patients were randomly assigned. The median number of pemetrexed and cisplatin cycles was six the median treatment duration for nintedanib was 7.8 months and 5.3 months for placebo. Primary PFS favored nintedanib (hazard ratio [HR], 0.56 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.91 P = .017), which was confirmed in updated PFS analyses (HR, 0.54 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.87 P = .010). A trend toward improved overall survival also favored nintedanib (HR, 0.77 95% CI, 0.46 to 1.29 P = .319). Benefit was evident in epithelioid histology, with a median overall survival gain of 5.4 months (HR, 0.70 95% CI, 0.40 to 1.21 P = .197 median [nintedanib v placebo], 20.6 months v 15.2 months) and median PFS gain of 4.0 months (HR, 0.49 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.82 P = .006 median [nintedanib v placebo], 9.7 v 5.7 months). Neutropenia was the most frequent grade ≥ 3 adverse event (AE nintedanib 43.2% v placebo 12.2%) rates of febrile neutropenia were low (4.5% in nintedanib group v 0% in placebo group). AEs leading to discontinuation were reported in 6.8% of those receiving nintedanib versus 17.1% of those in the placebo group. Addition of nintedanib to pemetrexed plus cisplatin resulted in PFS improvement. AEs were manageable. The clinical benefit was evident in patients with epithelioid histology. The confirmatory phase III part of the study is ongoing.
Genetic Tolerance to Rose Bengal Photodynamic Therapy and Antifungal Clinical Application for Onychomycosis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-09-2018
Impact of Side Chain Extension on the Morphology and Electrochemistry of Phosphonated Poly(Ethylenedioxythiophene) Derivatives
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-06-2023
Abstract: One factor with great bearing on the electrochemical performance of conjugated polymers is the film morphology. A balance between crystalline and amorphous domains needs to be achieved for the polymer to have an optimal ionic‐electronic conductance. Here, the morphological and electrochemical properties of poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) polymers functionalized with phosphonate groups separated by methylene and butylene alkyl spacers from the backbone are compared. Extending the spacer from methylene to butylene increases structural ordering in the solid state as revealed by grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. However, the ordered domains are only short range, suggestive of a paracrystalline morphology in which ordered regions are separated by amorphous regions. This has a negative impact on the intermolecular charge transport. The longer spacer appears to have impeded the uptake of hydrated counterions, seen by the increase in the ionization potential and energy requirement for electrochemical switching, as well as the decrease in the volumetric capacitance. These results elucidate the advantages of having the phosphonate pendant group close to the backbone, separated only by a methylene spacer. This synthetic design likely facilitates hydrated counterions to accumulate around the polar phosphonate groups, close to the doped backbone where they can easily compensate the charge carriers formed upon oxidation.
DDR Alterations as a Surrogate Marker for TMB in SCLC — Use it or Lose it?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Single-Material OECT-Based Flexible Complementary Circuits Featuring Polyaniline in Both Conducting Channels
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-10-2021
Synthesis and characterization of radiopaque iodine-containing degradable PVA hydrogels
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-11-2008
DOI: 10.1021/BM700754M
Abstract: Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels are highly attractive for biomedical applications, especially for controlled release of drugs and proteins. Recently, degradable PVA hydrogels have been described, having the advantage that the material disappears over time from the implantation site. Herein, we report the synthesis of radiopaque degradable PVA, which gives a further advantage that the position of the hydrogel can precisely be determined by X-ray fluoroscopy. Radiopacity has been introduced by replacing 0.5% of the pendent alcohol groups on the PVA with 4-iodobenzoylchloride. This level of substitution rendered the polymer adequately radiopaque. The subsequent modification of 0.8% of the pendent hydroxyl groups with an ester acrylate functional group allowed for cross-linking of the macromers. The radiopaque hydrogels degraded over a time span of 140 days. Rheology data suggested that the macromer solutions were appropriate for injection.
Clinical utility of plasma EGFR mutation detection with quantitative PCR in advanced lung cancer: A meta-analysis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
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