ORCID Profile
0000-0002-1667-7601
Current Organisations
Edith Cowan University
,
University of Sydney
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 17-03-2017
Abstract: The use of the emerging "omics" technologies for large scale population screening is promising in terms of predictive, preventive and personalized medicine. For Parkinson's disease, it is essential that an accurate diagnosis is obtained and disease progression can be monitored. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) has the ability to exert both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects, and the N-glycosylation of the fragment crystallizable portion of IgG is involved in this process. This study aimed to determine whether the IgG glycome could be a candidate biomarker for Parkinson's disease. Ninety-four community-based in iduals with Parkinson's disease and a sex-, age- and ethnically-matched cohort of 102 in iduals with mixed phenotypes, representative of a "normally" aged Caucasian controls, were investigated. Plasma IgG glycans were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Overall, seven glycan peaks and 11 derived traits had statistically significant differences (P < 8.06 × 10-4) between Parkinson's disease cases and healthy controls. Out of the seven significantly different glycan peaks, four were selected by Akaike's Information Criterion to be included in the logistic regression model, with a sensitivity of 87.2% and a specificity of 92.2%. The study suggested that there may be a reduced capacity for the IgG to inhibit Fcγ-RIIIa binding, which would allow an increased ability for the IgG to cause antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity and a possible state of low-grade inflammation in in iduals with Parkinson's disease.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSTROKECEREBROVASDIS.2015.08.031
Abstract: Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is an index for evaluating arterial stiffness and is recognized as an independent predictor of an impending cardiovascular event. Limited large-scale population data are available regarding the relationship between baPWV and the change in ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) status, particularly among Asians. A random s le of 5199 participants (≥40 years of age 40% women) was enrolled in a cross-sectional study in China to examine the association between ideal CVH and baPWV. Arterial stiffness was defined as a baPWV of 1400 cm/second or higher. Information on CVH was collected based on the American Heart Association's CVH definition by measuring all 7 components (nonsmoking status, body mass index, physical activity, healthy diet, normal total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose), with 1 or 0 for each component, and a score from 0 to 7 for each participant. A significant and inverse association was found between the ideal CVH score and baPWV (P <.001). The adjusted odds ratios for arterial stiffness prevalence were .17 (95% confidence interval [CI], .11-.26), .26 (95% CI, .19-.35), .42 (95% CI, .32-.52), .54 (95% CI, .42-.69), and .69 (95% CI, .54-.89) for those with CVH scores of 7-6, 5, 4, 3, and 2, respectively, compared with those with a CVH score of 1-0 (P <.001). Similarly graded relationships were observed in different age and gender subgroups (P <.001). The favorable score of ideal CVH was inversely related to baPWV in Chinese adults, supporting the use of ideal CVH metrics as a useful tool for public health efforts.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-06-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41371-018-0071-0
Abstract: Hypertension results from the interaction of genetic and acquired factors. IgG occurs in the form of different subclasses, of which the effector functions show significant variation. The detailed differences between the glycosylation profiles of the in idual IgG subclasses may be lost in a profiling method for total IgG N-glycosylation. In this study, subclass-specific IgG Fc glycosylation profile was investigated in the four northwestern Chinese minority populations, namely, Uygur (UIG), Kazak (KZK), Kirgiz (KGZ), and Tajik (TJK), composed of 274 hypertensive patients and 356 healthy controls. The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups. We observed a modest improvement on the AUC of ROC curve when the IgG Fc N-glycan traits are added into the glycan-based model (difference between AUCs, 0.044, 95% CI: 0.016-0.072, P = 0.002). The AUC of the diagnostic model indicated that the subclass-specific IgG Fc N-glycan profiles provide more information reinforcing current models utilizing age, gender, BMI, and ethnicity, and demonstrate the potential of subclass-specific IgG Fc N-glycosylation profiles to serve as a biomarker for hypertension. Further research is however required to determine the additive value of subclass-specific IgG Fc N-glycosylation on top of biomarkers, which are currently used.
Publisher: Future Medicine Ltd
Date: 05-2021
Abstract: Aim: The study sought to determine the patterns of N-glycan profiles among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients over a 6-month period. Materials & methods: Biochemical and clinical data were obtained from 253 T2DM patients at baseline and follow-up. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography and statistical methods were applied for N-glycan profiling. Results: The coefficients of variation were 28% and 29% at baseline and follow-up, respectively, whereas the range of N-glycan variability was from 11% to 56%. Apart from GP1 (FA2) and GP29 (FA3G3S [3,3,3]3), the intra-in idual variations of N-glycan peaks were not statistically significant. Conclusion: N-glycan profiles were stable over 6-month period in T2DM patients and could be used to monitor biochemical changes in relation with T2DM comorbidities.
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-09-2013
DOI: 10.1007/S11033-013-2671-7
Abstract: To investigate the association of tag-SNPs and haplotype structures of the CIDEA gene with obesity in a Han Chinese population. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1154588/V115F, rs4796955/SNP1, rs8092502/SNP2, rs12962340/SNP3 and rs7230480/SNP4) in the CIDEA gene were genotyped in a case-control study. Genotyping was performed using the sequenom matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry iPLEX platform. There were significant differences between the obese and control groups in genotype distributions of V115F (P < 0.001), SNP1 (P = 0.006) and SNP2 (P = 0.005). Carriers of V115F-TT, SNP1-GG and SNP2-CC genotypes had a 2.84-fold (95 % CI 1.73-4.66), 2.19-fold (95 % CI 1.09-4.38) and 4.37-fold (95 % CI 1.21-15.08) increased risk for obesity, respectively. Haplotype analysis showed that GTTC (SNP1/SNP2/V115F/SNP4) had 1.41-fold (95 % CI 1.02-1.95) increased risk for obesity whereas, haplotype TTGC had 0.48-fold (95 % CI 0.24-0.96) decreased risk for obesity. Using the multifactor dimensionality reduction method, the best model including SNP1, SNP2, V115F and SNP4 polymorphisms was identified with a maximum testing accuracy to 59.32 % and a perfect cross-validation consistency of 10/10 (P = 0.011). Logistic analysis indicated that there was a significant interaction between SNP1 and V115F associated with obesity. Subjects having both genotypes of SNP1/GG and V115F/TT were more susceptible to obesity in the Han Chinese population (OR 2.66, 95 %: 1.22-5.80). Genotypes of V115F/TT, SNP1/GG and SNP2/CC and haplotype GTTC of CIDEA gene were identified as risk factors for obesity in the Han Chinese population. The interaction between SNP1 and V115F could play a joint role in the development of obesity.
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 04-2017
Abstract: Despite decades of investment in biomarker research, we still do not have robust and field-tested biomarkers for many chronic diseases so as to anticipate clinical outcomes and thus move toward personalized medicine. Biomarker innovations have tended to focus on genomics, but next-generation biomarkers from the nascent field of glycomics now offer fresh vistas for innovation in chronic disease biomarkers and systems diagnostics. Glycosylation, regarded as a complex enzymatic process where sugars (glycans) bind to proteins and lipids, affects many human biological functions, including cell signaling, adhesion, and motility. Notably, and contrary to proteins, glycan biosynthesis does not require a template rather its final structure is catalyzed by a repertoire of enzymes that attach or detach monosaccharides in the glycosylation pathway, making glycomics research more challenging than proteomics or genomics. Yet, given glycans' biological significance, alterations in their processing may be detrimental to human health and also offer insights for preventive medicine and wellness interventions. Therefore, studying glycans' structure and understanding their function and molecular interactions in the emerging field of glycomics are key to unraveling the pathogenesis of various common chronic diseases. This review summarizes the major concepts in glycomics, including glycan release methods, techniques for large-scale glycan analysis, and glycoinformatic tools for data handling and storage. In all, this analysis on glycomics offers strategies to build a robust postgenomic innovation roadmap for glycan-driven biomarkers as the field is anticipated to mature further and gain greater prominence in the near future.
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 12-2019
Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common complex trait arising from interactions among multiple environmental, genomic, and postgenomic factors. We report here the first attempt to investigate the association between immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycan patterns, T2DM, and their clinical risk factors in an Australian population. N-glycosylation of proteins is one of the most frequently observed co- and post-translational modifications, reflecting, importantly, the real-time status of the interplay between the genomic and postgenomic factors. In a community-based case-control study, 849 participants (217 cases and 632 controls) were recruited from an urban community in Busselton, Western Australia. We applied the ultraperformance liquid chromatography method to analyze the composition of IgG N-glycans. We then conducted Spearman's correlation analyses to explore the association between glycan biomarker candidates and clinical risk factors. We performed area under the curve (AUC) analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curves by fivefold cross-validation for clinical risk factors, IgG glycans, and their combination. Two directly measured and four derived glycan peaks were significantly associated with T2DM, after correction for extensive clinical confounders and false discovery rate, thus suggesting that IgG N-glycan traits are highly correlated with T2DM clinical risk factors. Moreover, adding the IgG glycan profiles to fasting blood glucose in the logistic regression model increased the AUC from 0.799 to 0.859. The AUC for IgG glycans alone was 0.623 with a 95% confidence interval 0.580-0.666. In addition, our study provided new evidence of ersity in T2DM complex trait by IgG N-glycan stratification. Six IgG glycan traits were firmly associated with T2DM, which reflects an increased proinflammatory and biological aging status. In summary, our study reports novel associations between the IgG N-glycome and T2DM in an Australian population and the putative role of proinflammatory mechanisms. Furthermore, IgG N-glycomic alterations offer future prospects as inflammatory biomarker candidates for T2DM diagnosis, and monitoring of T2DM progression to cardiovascular disease or renal failure.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-11-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Future Medicine Ltd
Date: 10-2019
Abstract: Aim: The study sought to apply N-glycosylation profiles to understand the interplay between suboptimal health status (SHS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Materials & methods: In this study, 262 Ghanaians were recruited from May to July 2016. After completing a health survey, plasma s les were collected for clinical assessments while ultra performance liquid chromatography was used to measure plasma N-glycans. Results: Four glycan peaks were found to predict case status (MetS and SHS) using a step-wise Akaike’s information criterion logistic regression model selection. This model yielded an area under the curve of MetS: 83.1% (95% CI: 78.0–88.1%) and SHS: 67.1% (60.6–73.7%). Conclusion: Our results show that SHS is a significant, albeit modest, risk factor for MetS and N-glycan complexity was associated with MetS.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.IMBIO.2018.10.002
Abstract: Increased body fat may be associated with an increased risk of developing an underlying pro-inflammatory state, thus leading to greater risk of developing certain chronic conditions. Immunoglobulin G has the ability to exert both anti- and pro-inflammatory effects, and the N-glycosylation of the fragment crystallisable portion is involved in mediating this process. Body mass index, a rudimentary yet gold standard indication for body fat, has been shown to be associated with agalactosylated immunoglobulin G N-glycans. We aimed to determine the association between increased body fat and the immunoglobulin G glycosylation features, comparing body mass index to other measures of body fat distribution. We investigated a s le of 637 community-based 45-69 year olds, with mixed phenotypes, residing in Busselton, Western Australia. Body mass index and the waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratios were calculated using anthropometry, while dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed to gain an accurate measure of total and area specific body fat. Serum immunoglobulin GN-glycans were analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Twenty-two N-glycan peaks were found to be associated with at least one of the fat measures. While the previous association of body mass index to agalactosylated immunoglobulin G was replicated, measures of central adiposity explained the most variation in the immunoglobulin G glycome. Central adiposity is associated with an increased pro-inflammatory fraction of immunoglobulin G, suggesting that the android/gynoid ratio or waist-to-height ratio instead be considered when controlling for adiposity in immunoglobulin G glycome biomarker studies.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-02-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.ABB.2018.10.015
Abstract: Aberrant protein glycosylation may reflect changes in cell metabolism of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and offers fresh vistas for discovering potential biomarkers. However, the functional significance of T2DM N-glycan alterations is underexplored, since to date, N-glycan profiling studies have been performed in selected populations. Geographically and genetically isolated populations are needed for validation of specific biomarkers. This age-sex matched cross sectional study comprising 232 T2DM patients and 219 controls was conducted in Ghana, Western Africa. Blood plasma s les were collected for clinical assessment after which plasma N-glycans were freed and analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). High branching (HB) [W = 46328 q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076 q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055 q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624 q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328 q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929 q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091 q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497 q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663 q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376 q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls. Nine N-glycan peaks (GPs (GP1, GP4, GP7, GP11, GP17, GP19, GP22, GP26, GP29)) were found to predict case status based on Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) model selection. Adjusting for age, sex and other co-variates in this model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 80.5% with sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 73%, indicating the predicting power of N-glycans as robust biomarkers. Our results show that hyperglycemia influences N-glycan complexities among Ghanaians. N-glycan profiling in distinct populations has affirmed the potentiality of N-glycan profiles as generic biomarkers which may facilitate better prognosis for T2DM.
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 15-10-2014
DOI: 10.2174/1871527313666140917122739
Abstract: Dementia is the leading cause of disability worldwide among chronic diseases in the elderly and is a major contributor to mortality. Importantly, dementia that develops as a comorbid condition significantly compounds the burden of disease on the person, their caregivers and the health care system. Dementia is a frequent comorbidity of Parkinson's disease (PD) and about 80% of people with PD will develop dementia during the course of the disease. Incidence of dementia in PD ranges from 54.7 to 107.14 per 1000 person-years while point prevalence estimates range from 19.7 to 35.3%. The range in incidence and point prevalence can be attributed to varying diagnostic criteria, s le biases, and s le size. Nosologically, there is still disagreement on the origins of dementia in PD. Dementia development may be most often caused by the progression of PD-type pathology however, the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-type pathology suggests that an interplay exists between the genes and proteins associated with PD and AD. Furthermore, these genes and proteins may increase the risk and severity of dementia development in people with PD. Understanding the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in PD and AD may, therefore, improve efforts to manage and treat PD dementia. Given this, it is important to adequately define the frequency of PD dementia for informed decision making, particularly in the areas of aged-care and government health policy.
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 23-12-2016
DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.354.6319.1601-B
Abstract: Boiled down to its essence, precision medicine describes the ability to tailor therapies to a patient's in idual needs by examining their particular physiology, genome, and environment. The ideal is that in idualized treatment will lead to lower costs, fewer side effects, and better outcomes. Precision medicine in China, if not in its infancy, is still a long way from reaching maturity. However, it shows significant promise. The country provides unique opportunities for research, including a varied geography and a large population presenting with many different diseases, both common and rare. Furthermore, the government is clearly a strong proponent of precision medicine, supporting it financially through numerous initiatives and also through policy changes at a national level. This supplement takes a deeper look at precision medicine in China, including associated research undertakings and how it is currently being applied in the diagnosis and treatment of disease, with a particular focus on cancer. There is little doubt that China intends to be a leader in this area, investing both money and resources. Should this venture pay off, the country will be well placed to provide top-quality health care for its populace and even to provide advice to other nations with less-advanced health care systems. This special supplement brought to you by the Science /AAAS Custom Publishing Office.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-01-2018
DOI: 10.3390/IJMS19020390
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 20-08-2013
No related grants have been discovered for Alyce Russell.