ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0688-8843
Current Organisations
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation
,
ANSTO
,
University of Sydney
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Manufacturing Engineering | Manufacturing Processes and Technologies (excl. Textiles) | Metals and Alloy Materials | Structural Engineering | Transport Engineering | Civil Engineering | Solid Mechanics | Composite and Hybrid Materials | Curatorial and Related Studies | Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics | Architectural Heritage and Conservation | Infrastructure Engineering and Asset Management | Construction Materials | Control Systems, Robotics and Automation | Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing | Materials Conservation | Heritage and Cultural Conservation | Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified | Functional Materials | Materials Engineering | Numerical Modelling and Mechanical Characterisation | Machining | Flexible Manufacturing Systems |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Manufacturing not elsewhere classified | Expanding Knowledge in Technology | Structural Metal Products | Civil Construction Design | Expanding Knowledge in Engineering | Rail Safety | Rail Infrastructure and Networks | Coated Metal and Metal-Coated Products | Cement and Concrete Materials | Fabricated Metal Products not elsewhere classified | Rehabilitation of Degraded Urban and Industrial Environments | Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences | Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences | Cement Products and Concrete Materials
Related Links
Publications
Non destructive neutron diffraction measurements of cavities, inhomogeneities, and residual strain in bronzes of Ghiberti’s relief from the Gates of Paradise
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-03-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3560915
Neutron diffraction residual stress measurements of welds made with pulsed tandem gas metal arc welding (PT-GMAW)
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 10-11-2014
DOI: 10.1017/S0885715614000992
Abstract: Pulsed tandem gas metal arc welding (PT-GMAW) is being developed to increase productivity and minimise weld-induced distortion in ship-building. The PT-GMAW process was used in pulse–pulse mode to butt-weld two different strength and thickness steels the residual stress and hardness profiles of the welds are reported and correlated.
Characterisation of residual stress state in laser welded low carbon mild steel plates produced in keyhole and conduction mode
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2011
Damage in duplex steels studied at mesoscopic and macroscopic scales
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
Residual stress measurements in a ferritic steel/In625 superalloy dissimilar metal weldment using neutron diffraction and deep-hole drilling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Validation of Predicted Residual Stresses within Direct Chill Cast Magnesium Alloy Slab
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-02-2012
Residual stress in laser cladded heavy-haul rails investigated by neutron diffraction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Mechanical Stress Relaxation of a Laser Peened and Shot Peened Ni-Based Superalloy
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 31-08-2019
In Situ Neutron Diffraction During Thermo-Mechanically Controlled Process for Low Alloy Steels
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2010
A neutron diffraction study of residual stress due to welding
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2005
In Situ Study of the Stress Relaxation During Aging of Nickel-Base Superalloy Forgings
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-06-2019
Quantification of residual stresses in multi-pass welds using neutron diffraction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Residual Stress Measurements in Large Scale Component Sections
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.652.321
Abstract: Neutron diffractometer Engin-X at ISIS was used use in this study to investigate the residual stresses in a section of a multi-pass girth welded thick pipe, of nominal thickness 62 mm, which was made of a ferritic-martensitic steel denoted type P92. Measurements in such large component sections are rare, and have driven the neutron diffraction method to the edge of its capabilities. Significant stresses of over 150 MPa have been found in this pipe section, though post weld heat treatment has been performed. The influences of these welding residual stresses in components at operating temperatures are discussed in terms of their relaxation and high temperature fracture behaviour.
Non Destructive Characterization of Phase Distribution and Residual Strain/Stress Map of Two Ancient (Koto) Age Japanese Swords
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.652.167
Abstract: Two Japanese long swords (katanas) belonging to the Koto Age (X-XVI century A.D.) were measured through time of flight neutron diffraction to analyze the phases, and the stress and strain distribution, in selected parts of the blades. The swords are representative of two different forging schools (Aoe and Kanesada) and one of the main aims of the measurements was to evidence possible similarities and differences. Two independent experiments were carried out at the ISIS pulsed neutron source using the INES and ENGIN-X diffractometers. The former was employed to map the average phase distribution on two selected cross sections, of each blade, distinguishing among the ridge, the core, and the edge of the blades. In this way, we were able to quantify the coarse distribution of the carbon content and, moreover, we could evidence the presence of martensite. These data were then complemented measuring detailed stress and strain distribution maps on ENGIN-X. As far as the ridge and the core are concerned, the tang data were taken as a reference. These measurements significantly improve the knowledge and understanding of the technology used to produce Japanese swords belonging to the Koto Age.
Residual stress profiles in riveted joints of steel sheets
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-12-2014
Non-destructive bulk analysis of the Buggenum sword by neutron resonance capture analysis and neutron diffraction
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-12-2009
Study of stress localisation in polycrystalline grains using self-consistent modelling and neutron diffraction
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 21-08-2012
Industrial Application Experiments on the Neutron Imaging Instrument DINGO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Evaluation of the mechanical properties of laser cladded hypereutectoid steel rails
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2019
M iddle B ronze A ge II Battleaxes from R ishon L eZ ion, I srael: Archaeology and Metallurgy
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-01-2013
DOI: 10.1111/ARCM.12015
Investigation of microstructure within metal welds by energy resolved neutron imaging
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 09-2016
Comparison of Neutron Diffraction Residual Stress Measurements of Steel Welded Repairs With Current Fitness-for-Purpose Assessments
Publisher: ASMEDC
Date: 2008
Abstract: In this research the neutron diffraction technique was used to investigate the residual stress distributions in carbon steel components with weld repairs. Two full penetration weld repairs were studied using a) the stringer bead and b) the temper bead weld techniques in 25 mm thick plate. The welds were not post weld heat treated. The focus of the measurements is on the values of the sub-surface and through-thickness strain/stress variation near the middle of the weld and the toe. The experimental results showed that both processes had high residual stresses particularly through the thickness. The measurements were compared with current fitness-for-purpose approaches, such as BS7910 and R6 showing that these approaches underestimated and overestimated the stresses in various regions.
Elastoplastic Deformation and Damage Process in Duplex Steel Studied Using Synchrotron and Neutron Diffraction
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 08-2017
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.905.9
Abstract: In the present work, the mechanical behavior of phases in duplex steel during tensile test was studied. Special interest was taken in the analysis of damage process just before failure. In this aim two diffraction methods: in-situ time of flight neutron diffraction and X-ray synchrotron diffraction were applied. Using diffraction data, the slip mechanism on crystallographic planes during plastic deformation was investigated. In the case of aged UR45N steel, it was found that significant softening caused by damage process was initiated in the ferritic phase. The lattice strains measured in situ by two above mentioned diffraction methods were compared with prediction of the self-consistent model.
Post-Weld Heat Treatment of API 5L X70 High Strength Low Alloy Steel Welds
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-12-2020
DOI: 10.3390/MA13245801
Abstract: High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steels are the materials of choice in pipeline construction with the API X70 grade as the steel for the majority of pipeline networks constructed during the late 20th and early this century. This paper reports on the influence of Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) on the reduction of residual stresses, resulting changes in the microstructure, and mechanical properties of a multi-pass, X70 HSLA steel, weld joints made by a combined Modified Short Arc Welding (MSAW) and Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) processes. Neutron diffraction results highlighted high magnitude of tensile residual stresses, in excess of yield strength of both parent and weld metal, in the as-welded specimen (~650 MPa), which were decreased substantially as a result of applying PWHT (~144 MPa). Detailed microstructural studies are reported to confirm the phase transformation during PWHT and its interrelationship with mechanical properties. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis showed polygonization and formation of sub-grains in the PWHT specimen which justifies the reduction of residual stress in the heat-treated weld joints. Furthermore, microstructural changes due to PWHT justify the improvement in ductility (increase in the elongations) with a slight reduction in yield and tensile strength for the PWHT weld joint.
Large Deformation and Mechanical Effects of Damage in Aged Duplex Stainless Steel
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.652.155
Abstract: The lattice strains in large tensile deformations, up to the fracture of the s le were measured using neutron TOF method. For the first time, the range of large deformation was studied measuring lattice strain in the deformation neck and using special correction for macrostress value. It was found that during large plastic deformation the lattice stresses arise almost linearly with the macrostress value. The relaxation of elastic strains in some groups of ferritic grains (corresponding to reflections 211 and 200) can be connected with initiation of damage process in the ferritic phase.
In situ neutron diffraction measurement of strain relaxation in welds during heat treatment
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-12-2016
Effect of deposition material and heat treatment on wear and rolling contact fatigue of laser cladded rails
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Measurement of residual stresses in weld repairs in steels
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2009
Application and validity of the Radon transform applied to axisymmetric neutron strain imaging
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
High-tech composites to ancient metals
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2009
Comparison of neutron and synchrotron diffraction measurements of residual stress in bead-on-plate weldments
Publisher: ASME International
Date: 04-01-2010
DOI: 10.1115/1.4000344
Abstract: This paper explores the use of neutron and synchrotron diffractions for the evaluation of residual stresses in welded components. It has been shown that it is possible to achieve very good agreement between the two independent diffraction techniques. This study shows the significance of the weld start and end sites on the residual strain/stress distribution. Quantitative evaluation of the residual stress development process for multibead weldments has been presented. Some measurements were also taken before and after postweld stress relieving to establish the reduction and redistribution of the residual stress. The detailed measurements of residual stress around the weld achieved in this work significantly improve the knowledge and understanding of residual stress in welded components.
Evaluation of residual stresses in electron-beam welded Zr2.5Nb0.9Hf Zircadyne flange mock-up of a reflector vessel beam tube flange
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2013
Neutron diffraction residual stress measurements on girth-welded 304 stainless steel pipes with weld metal deposited up to half and full pipe wall thickness
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Investigation of Residual Stress Distribution of Wheel Rims Using Neutron Diffraction
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.681.522
Abstract: Damage accumulation due to fatigue significantly reduces the safety of railway vehicles. Shattered wheel rim failures are the result of large fatigue cracks that propagate roughly parallel to the wheel tread surface. The large stress, most likely due to wheel/rail impact or material discontinuity, is responsible for the initiation of shattered rims. The voids and inclusions of sufficient size in a stress field will also lead to failure of wheels. Significant improvements have been made in recent years to prevent the shattered rim failure. The ‘new’ wheels have a better resistance to the shattered rim failure, due to the fact that the circumferential residual stress on tread of a new wheel must be compressive to comply with requirements of international standard EN 13262. However, this may not necessarily apply for millions of ‘old’ wheels that are still currently in use. At the moment the residual stress measurements are carried out using destructive methods (such as slitting or hole drilling), or using quantitatively ultrasound method obtaining the average stress across the whole section. The main objective of this research was to apply non-destructive neutron diffraction method to quantitatively measure residual stress distribution of the wheel rim in as manufactured condition.
Optimising parameters for meaningful measurement of residual strain by neutron diffraction in self-pierce riveted joints
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2013
Measurement of Residual Stresses in Aluminothermic Rail Welds Using Neutron Diffraction Technique
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 02-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.777.237
Abstract: It is understood that residual stresses in aluminothermic rail welds play an important role in the fatigue behaviour of the welds. Measuring the residual stresses in the critical areas and finding the correlation between these stresses and welding parameters can be useful in order to alter the welding procedure and improve the fatigue performance of these welds. In this paper, residual stresses in the foot of the rail weld were measured using neutron diffraction and the preliminary results are presented.
Neutron time-of-flight diffraction used to study aged duplex stainless steel at small and large deformation until sample fracture
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 18-08-2011
DOI: 10.1107/S0021889811025957
Abstract: Owing to its selectivity, diffraction is a powerful tool for analysing the mechanical behaviour of polycrystalline materials at the mesoscale (phase and/or grain scale). In situ neutron diffraction during tensile tests and elastoplastic self-consistent modelling were used to study slip phenomena occurring on crystallographic planes at small and large deformation. The critical resolved shear stresses in both phases of duplex stainless steel were found for s les subjected to different thermal treatments. The evolution of grain loading was also determined by showing the large differences between stress concentration for grains in ferritic and austenitic phases. It was found that, for small loads applied to the s le, linear elastic deformation occurs in both phases. When the load increases, austenite starts to deform plastically, while ferrite remains in the elastic range. Finally, both phases undergo plastic deformation until s le fracture. By using an original calibration of diffraction data, the range of the study was extended to large s le deformation. As a result, mechanical effects that can be attributed to damage processes initiated in ferrite were observed.
Stress relaxation through ageing heat treatment – a comparison between in situ and ex situ neutron diffraction techniques
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2012
Energy-resolved neutron imaging options at a small angle neutron scattering instrument at the Australian Center for Neutron Scattering
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1063/1.5081909
Abstract: Energy-resolved neutron imaging experiments conducted on the Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) instrument, Bilby, demonstrate how the capabilities of this instrument can be enhanced by a relatively simple addition of a compact neutron counting detector. Together with possible SANS s le surveying and location of the region of interest, this instrument is attractive for many imaging applications. In particular, the combination of the cold spectrum of the neutron beam and its pulsed nature enables unique non-destructive studies of the internal structure for s les that are opaque to other more traditional techniques. In addition to conventional white beam neutron radiography, we conducted energy-resolved imaging experiments capable of resolving features related to microstructure in crystalline materials with a spatial resolution down to ∼0.1 mm. The optimized settings for the beamline configuration were determined for the imaging modality, where the compromise between the beam intensity and the achievable spatial resolution is of key concern.
Critical deposition height for sustainable restoration via laser additive manufacturing
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-10-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-32842-Z
Abstract: Laser material deposition based restoration of high-value components can be a revolutionary technology in remanufacturing. The deposition process induces residual stresses due to thermomechanical behavior and metallurgical transformations. The presence of tensile residual stresses in the deposited layer will compromise the fatigue life of the restored component. We have developed a novel fully coupled metallurgical, thermal and mechanical (metallo-thermomechanical) model to predict residual stresses and identified a critical deposition height, which ensures compressive residual stresses in the deposited layer. Any lower deposition height will result in tensile residual stresses and higher deposition height will result in excessive dilution (substrate melting). We have validated the model using neutron and micro-focus X-ray diffraction measurements. This study highlights that the critical deposition height corresponds to the minimum cooling rate during solidification. It addresses one of the major outstanding problems of additive manufacturing and paves a way for “science-enabled-technology” solutions for sustainable restoration/remanufacturing.
Residual stress measurements by neutron diffraction in multi-bead welding
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2006
Investigation of reference samples for residual strain measurements in a welded specimen by neutron and synchrotron X-ray diffraction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2006
Combining neutron diffraction and imaging for residual strain measurements in a single crystal turbine blade
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
Effects of preheating and carbon dilution on material characteristics of laser-cladded hypereutectoid rail steels
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
From Koto age to modern times: Quantitative characterization of Japanese swords with Time of Flight Neutron Diffraction
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C0JA00238K
Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging for Reconstruction of Strain Introduced by Cold Working
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-02-2018
Measurement of Residual Stresses in Titanium Aerospace Components Formed via Additive Manufacturing
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 02-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.777.124
Abstract: In the present study gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) with automated wire addition was used to additively manufacture (AM) a representative thin-walled aerospace component from Ti-6Al-4V in a layer-wise manner. Residual strains, and hence stresses, were analysed quantitatively using neutron diffraction techniques on the KOWARI strain scanner at the OPAL research facility operated by the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). Results showed that residual strains within such an AM s le could be measured with relative ease using the neutron diffraction method. Residual stress levels were found to be greatest in the longitudinal direction and concentrated at the interface between the base plate and deposited wall. Difficulties in measurement of lattice strains in some discrete locations were ascribed to the formation of the formation of localised texturing where α-Ti laths form in aligned colonies within prior β-Ti grain boundaries upon cooling. Observations of microstructure reveal basket-weave morphology typical of welds in Ti-6Al-4V. Microhardness measurements show a drop in hardness in the top region of the deposit, indicating a dependence on thermal cycling from sequential welds.
Neutron and Synchrotron Diffraction Measurements of Residual Stress in Steel Weldments
Publisher: ASMEDC
Date: 2007
Abstract: This paper explores the use of state-of-the-art instruments such as neutron and synchrotron diffraction for evaluation of residual stress in carbon steel welded components. The study shows significant variation in transverse residual strain/stress distribution across the length of the weld. Measurements before and after post weld heat treatment are reported together with traditional mechanical tests. The changes in residual stress distribution as weld beads are added in multi-bead welds are also presented. Important practical results are: i) The start and end of the weld are the most critical parts of the weldment. Implementations of run-in and run-out (which are subsequently ground off) can minimize the residual stress at the start and end of the weld. ii) Manipulation of the sequence especially around the weld toes can minimize the value of the residual stress in that region. iii) Post weld heat treatment is very effective at reducing residual stresses.
In situ neutron diffraction study of internal strain evolution around a crack tip under variable-amplitude fatigue-loading conditions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2009
Simultaneous X-ray diffraction, crystallography and fluorescence mapping using the Maia detector
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Twinning–detwinning behavior during fatigue-crack propagation in a wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2012
High‐Resolution Strain Mapping Through Time‐of‐Flight Neutron Transmission Diffraction with a Microchannel Plate Neutron Counting Detector
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-09-2011
The effects of restraint and post-weld heat treatment on residual stress distribution in a bead-on-plate weld
Publisher: Crossref
Date: 06-2007
Residual stresses distribution measured by neutron diffraction in fabricated square high strength steel tubes
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 02-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.777.249
Abstract: Engineers are increasingly encouraged to consider sustainability in the design and construction of new civil engineering infrastructure. Sustainability can be achieved through the use of high strength materials thereby reducing quantity of materials required in construction where possible. Knowledge of residual stresses in fabricated columns is important in identifying whether the fabricated columns can be classified as heavily welded (HW) or lightly welded (LW). The determination of residual stresses can be used to determine the local buckling of stub columns. Residual stress magnitudes are also essential in the numerical modelling of buckling behaviour of columns. This paper outlines the challenges in measurement of residual stresses using neutron diffraction in fabricated high strength steel square tubes. The residual stress line scans and maps were measured using the Kowari Strain Scanner located at the Australian Nuclear and Science Organisation (ANSTO) in Australia.
Residual stresses in high strength steel welded box sections
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Corrigendum to “Effects of preheating and carbon dilution on material characteristics of laser-cladded hypereutectoid rail steels” [Mater. Sci. Eng. A 712 (2018) 548–563]
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
SPR Characteristics Curve and Distribution of Residual Stress in Self-Piercing Riveted Joints of Steel Sheets
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1155/2017/5824171
Abstract: Neutron diffraction was used to describe the residual stress distributions in self-piercing riveted (SPR) joints. The sheet material displayed a compressive residual stress near the joint, and the stress gradually became tensile in the sheet material far away from the joint. The stress in the rivet leg was lower in the thick joint of the softer steel sheet than in the thin joint of the harder steel sheet. This lower magnitude was attributed to the lower force gradient during the rivet flaring stage of the SPR process curve. This study shows how the residual stress results may be related to the physical occurrences that happened during joining, using the characteristics curve. The study also shows that neutron diffraction technique enabled a crack in the rivet tip to be detected which was not apparent from a cross-section.
Residual stress- microstructure- mechanical property interrelationships in multipass HSLA steel welds
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Stress Characterization of Bore-Chilled Sand Cast Aluminum Engine Blocks in As-Cast and T7 Condition with Application of Neutron Diffraction
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2020
Localization of Stresses in Polycrystalline Grains Measured by Neutron Diffraction and Predicted by Self-Consistent Model
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.681.103
Abstract: Time of flight neutron diffraction method was applied to measure elastic lattice strains in austenitic steel during "in situ" tensile test. Comparing experimental data with self-consistent model, the critical resolved shear stress and hardening parameters were determined for polycrystalline grains. The result allowed us to determine the main component of the stress localization tensor, relating the rate of grain stress with the applied macrostress rate. The evolution of concentration tensor in function of the applied macrostress was analyzed. Finally, the load transfer between grains during yielding of the s le was studied.
Probeless Tool Aided Friction Stir Welding as a Fabrication Technique for Tungsten Embedded Mechanical Composite of Copper
Publisher: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Date: 20-07-2014
Abstract: Friction stir welding (FSW) is a relatively new solid state metallurgical joining technique. It flourishes on the simple principle of utilising frictional heat by the stirring motion of a non-consumable rotating tool to create the seam. Feasibility of FSW aided by a newly designed probeless tool was investigated for fabricating copper-tungsten mechanical composite. The most effective parameter combination was determined by conducting a parametric study of the probeless tool aided FSW copper. Strength of the mechanical composite fabricated at this condition was evaluated through punch shear testing. Punch shear testing established that the friction stir welded interface of the copper-tungsten composite was 87% as strong as the base metal (i.e. copper). Advantages of the designed technique have been summarised.
Characterization of the residual strains in iterative laser forming
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
Investigation of Residual Stresses Distribution in Titanium Weldments
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 02-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.777.171
Abstract: Titanium and its alloys have increasingly become a material of choice for applications in high-performance structures due to their superior corrosion resistance and high strength-to-weight ratio. However, in contrast to conventional steel alloys, there exist little design and manufacturing experience in the heavy fabrication industry with large welded structures made of titanium materials. In addressing the above concern, the University of New Orleans funded by Office of Naval Research (ONR) initiated program on investigation of manufacturability and performance of a titanium mid-ship section. The uniqueness of this program is its focus upon a representative full-size mid-ship section upon which relevant scientific and technological challenges are simulated and experimentally validated. This paper reports the measurements of residual stresses using neutron diffraction in titanium T-joints. The residual stresses were measured using Engin-X at ISIS (UK) and the Kowari Strain Scanner at ANSTO (Australia). This experimental research was used to validate our in house predictions and significantly improved the knowledge and understanding of the welding process of titanium alloys.
Residual stresses in welded high-strength steel I-Beams
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Investigation of residual stress in laser formed mild steel plates using neutron diffraction
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.652.123
Abstract: Forming of metal plates with a high-power laser beam is a flexible materials forming technique. Bending results from the establishment of a steep temperature gradient through the material thickness which leads to non-uniform thermal expansion/contraction and subsequently residual stresses. It is important to characterize these residual stresses as a function of process parameters such as line energy (LE) to optimize treatment conditions and to gain an insight into the mechanism of the formation of the final geometries. Non-destructive neutron diffraction measurements were carried out on ENGIN-X at ISIS and KOWARI at ANSTO to map the residual stress distribution around the heat affected zone (HAZ) of laser deformed mild steel plates for single and multiple passes as a function of line energy (LE), the primary laser forming process parameter. It was found that in the centre of the HAZ, longitudinal residual stresses are tensile and dominant, transverse stresses are predominantly tensile and normal stresses are compressive and close to zero. The residual strain in longitudinal direction increased with LE and number of passes until yielding. Even higher heat input decreased the magnitude of the cusp, but not its total height. The comparison of a stress-free reference s le, measured at both facilities, showed a small discrepancy in the lattice spacing corresponding to ~ 85 μstrain which is insignificant with respect to the experimental values measured.
Residual stress distributions in a P91 steel-pipe girth weld before and after post weld heat treatment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2012
Neutron Diffraction Residual Stress Measurements in Key-Hole Laser Formed Weldments
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 11-2010
The influence of quench sensitivity on residual stresses in the aluminium alloys 7010 and 7075
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
Neutron diffraction study of Levantine Middle Bronze Age cast axes
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 11-2010
Residual Strain and Fracture Response of Al2O3 Coatings Deposited via APS and HVOF Techniques
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-08-2011
An inert-gas furnace for neutron scattering measurements of internal stresses in engineering materials
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 20-03-2012
The effect of surface treatment and orientation on fatigue crack growth rate and residual stress distribution of wire arc additively manufactured low carbon steel components
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2023
Residual stress in 7449 aluminium alloy forgings
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2010
Single crystal elastic constants of the MAX phase Ti3AlC 2 determined by neutron diffraction
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.638-642.2417
Abstract: The ternary ceramic Ti3AlC2 has an interesting combination of electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. Single crystal elastic constants under the Reuss approximation for the micromechanical state were obtained by analysing the shifts of neutron diffraction peaks while a polycrystalline s le was subjected to a compressive load varying from 5 to 300 MPa. The values of Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio computed from the single crystal compliances are in good agreement with those obtained directly from strain gauges and from the average changes in the a and c unit cell parameters.
Effect of creepages on stress intensity factors of rolling contact fatigue cracks
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Effect of welding polarity on bead geometry, microstructure, microhardness, and residual stresses of 1020 steel
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Prediction of welding stresses in WIC test and its application in pipelines
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-07-2016
Friction stir forming to fabricate copper–tungsten composite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Neutron diffraction residual strain measurements in nanostructured hydroxyapatite coatings for orthopaedic implants
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.JMBBM.2011.07.003
Abstract: The failure of an orthopaedic implant can be initiated by residual strain inherent to the hydroxyapatite coating (HAC). Knowledge of the through-thickness residual strain profile in the thermally sprayed hydroxyapatite coating/substrate system is therefore important in the development of a new generation of orthopaedic implants. As the coating microstructure is complex, non-destructive characterization of residual strain, e.g. using neutron diffraction, provides a useful measure of through thickness strain profile without altering the stress field. This first detailed study using a neutron diffraction technique, non-destructively evaluates the through thickness strain measurement in nanostructured hydroxyapatite plasma sprayed coatings on a titanium alloy substrate (as-sprayed, heat treated, and heat treated then soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF)). The influence of crystallographic plane orientation on the residual strain measurement is shown to indicate texturing in the coating. This texturing is expected to influence both the biological and fracture response of HA coatings. Results are discussed in terms of the influence of heat-treatment and SBF on the residual stress profile for these biomedical coatings. The results show that the through thickness residual strain in all three coatings was different for different crystallographic planes but was on average tensile. It is also concluded that the heat-treatment and simulated body fluid exposure had a significant effect on the residual strain profile in the top layers of HAC.
Reply to Comment on 'Shear stiffness in nanolaminar Ti3SiC 2 challenges ab initio calculations'
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 13-06-2011
Study of Stresses in Texture Components Using Neutron Diffraction
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 09-2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.768-769.289
Abstract: In this work a new method for analysis of neutron diffraction results obtained during “in situ” tensile load is proposed and tested. The methodology is based on the measurements of lattice strains during “in situ” tensile test for several hkl reflections and for different orientations of the s le with respect to the scattering vector. As the result the full stress tensor for preferred texture orientations in function of applied stress can be determined with help of crystallite group method. The experimental data are presented and compared with self-consistent model calculations performed for groups of grains corresponding to the measured hkl reflections.
Residual stress distribution in steel butt welds measured using neutron and synchrotron diffraction
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 25-02-2009
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/12/124213
Abstract: 70 keV synchrotron radiation and thermal neutrons have been employed to investigate the residual stress characteristics in a fully restrained, steel, butt weld. The focus is on the values of the subsurface and through-thickness strain/stress variation in the middle of the weld. The advantages and limitations of the techniques have been addressed, in relation to the gauge volume, the stress-free reference s le and positioning. The measurement of residual stress around the weld achieved in this work significantly improves the resolution at which residual stress in welded components has been determined.
Residual Stress State of X65 Pipeline Girth Welds Before and After Local and Furnace Post Weld Heat Treatment
Publisher: ASME International
Date: 10-03-2017
DOI: 10.1115/1.4035884
Abstract: This research investigated the effects of global (in other words, furnace-based) and local post weld heat treatment (PWHT) on residual stress (RS) relaxation in API 5L X65 pipe girth welds. All pipe spools were fabricated using identical pipeline production procedures for manufacturing multipass narrow gap welds. Nondestructive neutron diffraction (ND) strain scanning was carried out on girth welded pipe spools and strain-free comb s les for the determination of the lattice spacing. All residual stress measurements were carried out at the KOWARI strain scanning instrument at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO). Residual stresses were measured on two pipe spools in as-welded condition and two pipe spools after local and furnace PWHT. Measurements were conducted through the thickness in the weld material and adjacent parent metal starting from the weld toes. Besides, three line-scans along pipe length were made 3 mm below outer surface, at pipe wall midthickness, and 3 mm above the inner surface. PWHT was carried out for stress relief one pipe was conventionally heat treated entirely in an enclosed furnace, and the other was locally heated by a flexible ceramic heating pad. Residual stresses measured after PWHT were at exactly the same locations as those in as-welded condition. Residual stress states of the pipe spools in as-welded condition and after PWHT were compared, and the results were presented in full stress maps. Additionally, through-thickness residual stress profiles and the results of one line scan (3 mm below outer surface) were compared with the respective residual stress profiles advised in British Standard BS 7910 “Guide to methods for assessing the acceptability of flaws in metallic structures” and the UK nuclear industry's R6 procedure. The residual stress profiles in as-welded condition were similar. With the given parameters, local PWHT has effectively reduced residual stresses in the pipe spool to such a level that it prompted the thought that local PWHT can be considered a substitute for global PWHT.
Neutron diffraction residual strain measurements in alumina coatings deposited via APS and HVOF techniques
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 11-2010
Shear stiffness in nanolaminar Ti3SiC2 challenges ab initio calculations
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 30-03-2010
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/16/162202
Abstract: Nanolaminates such as the M(n + 1)AX(n) (MAX) phases are a material class with ab initio derived elasticity tensors published for over 250 compounds. We have for the first time experimentally determined the full elasticity tensor of the archetype MAX phase, Ti(3)SiC(2), using polycrystalline s les and in situ neutron diffraction. The experimental elastic constants show extreme shear stiffness, with c(44) more than five times greater than expected for an isotropic material. Such shear stiffness is quite rare in hexagonal materials and strongly contradicts the predictions of all published MAX phase elastic constants derived from ab initio calculations. It is concluded that second order properties such as elastic moduli derived from ab initio calculations require careful experimental verification. The diffraction technique used currently provides the only method of verification for the elasticity tensor for the majority of new materials where single crystals are not available.
Comparison of strain/stress behaviour of a duplex stainless steel between mesoscopic and macroscopic scales by neutron measurements extended to the necking range
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2013
Residual Stress State of X65 Pipeline Girth Welds Before and After Local and Furnace Post Weld Heat Treatment
Publisher: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Date: 17-07-2016
Abstract: This research investigated the effects of global (in other words, furnace-based) and local post weld heat treatment (PWHT) on residual stress (RS) relaxation in API 5L X65 pipe girth welds. Two pipe spools were fabricated using identical pipeline production procedures for manufacturing multi-pass narrow gap welds. Non-destructive neutron diffraction strain scanning was carried out on girth welded pipe spools and stress-free comb s les and also thin slices for the determination of lattice spacing. All residual stress measurements were carried out at the KOWARI strain scanning instrument at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO). Residual stresses of two pipe spools (in the as-welded condition) were measured through the thickness in the weld material and adjacent parent metal starting from the weld toe. Three line-scans were completed 3mm below outer surface, at mid thickness and 3mm above the inner surface. PWHT was adopted for stress relaxation one pipe was conventionally heat treated entirely in an enclosed furnace and the other was locally heated by a flexible ceramic heating pad. Residual stresses were measured after PWHT at exactly the same locations as those used for the as-welded condition. Residual stress states of the two pipe spools in as-welded condition and after PWHT were compared and the results were presented in full stress maps. Additionally, through thickness residual stress profiles and the results of one line scan (3mm below outer surface) were compared with the respective residual stress profiles advised in British Standard BS 7910 “Guide to methods for assessing the acceptability of flaws in metallic structures” and the UK nuclear industry’s R6 procedure. The residual stress states of the two pipe spools measured in the as-welded condition were similar. With the given parameters, local PWHT has effectively reduced residual stresses in the pipe spool to such a level that it prompted the thought that local PWHT can be considered a substitute for global PWHT.
Neutron Diffraction Residual Strain Measurements in Plasma Sprayed Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Orthopaedic Implants
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.652.309
Abstract: Residual strains in plasma sprayed and heat-treated hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings deposited on a titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) substrate were investigated by means of neutron diffraction. Strain measurements were performed in vertical scan (“z-scanning”) mode to provide a through thickness strain profile in the coating and substrate materials. Results are discussed in terms of the influence of heat-treatment on the residual strain profile of these biomedical coatings. This investigation concluded that the heat-treatment had a significant effect on the residual strain profile in HA coatings.
Comparison of experimental and theoretical residual stresses in welds: The issue of gauge volume
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2008
Comparison of neutron diffraction measurements of residual stress of steel butt welds with current fitness-for-purpose assessments
Publisher: ASME International
Date: 10-2010
DOI: 10.1115/1.4002162
Abstract: In this research, the neutron diffraction technique was used to investigate the residual stress distributions in constrained carbon steel welds. Two full penetration welds were studied using (a) the stringer bead and (b) the temper bead weld techniques in 25 mm thick plate. The welds were not post-weld heat treated. The focus of the measurements is on the values of the subsurface and through-thickness strain/stress variation near the middle of the weld and the toe. The experimental results showed that both processes had high residual stresses particularly through the thickness. The measurements were compared with current fitness-for-purpose approaches, such as BS7910 and R6. It was found that the residual stress distribution in the temper bead welded specimen was not as favorable as suspected and post-weld heat treatment should be recommended to reduce residual tensile stresses in this type of steel welds.
Investigating the effects of welding process on residual stresses, microstructure and mechanical properties in HSLA steel welds
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
Residual stresses of box and I-shaped columns fabricated from S960 ultra-high-strength steel
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Polycrystalline materials analysis using the Maia pixelated energy-dispersive X-ray area detector
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 26-09-2017
DOI: 10.1017/S0885715617000768
Abstract: Elemental, chemical, and structural analysis of polycrystalline materials at the micron scale is frequently carried out using microfocused synchrotron X-ray beams, sometimes on multiple instruments. The Maia pixelated energy-dispersive X-ray area detector enables the simultaneous collection of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and diffraction because of the relatively large solid angle and number of pixels when compared with other systems. The large solid angle also permits extraction of surface topography because of changes in self-absorption. This work demonstrates the capability of the Maia detector for simultaneous measurement of XRF and diffraction for mapping the short- and long-range order across the grain structure in a Ni polycrystalline foil.
Investigation of a novel functionally graded material for the repair of premium hypereutectoid rails using laser cladding technology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Effects of ausforming temperature on bainite transformation, microstructure and variant selection in nanobainite steel
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2013
Microstructure, abrasive wear and corrosion characterisation of laser metal deposited Fe-30Cr-6Mo-10Ni-2.2C alloy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
Residual stresses measurement by neutron diffraction and theoretical estimation in a single weld bead
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2006
Stress relieving and its effect on life of welded tubular joints
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2010
Development of crystallographic-orientation-dependent internal strains around a fatigue-crack tip during overloading and underloading
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2013
Influences of depositing materials, processing parameters and heating conditions on material characteristics of laser-cladded hypereutectoid rails
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
State-of-the-Art: Fatigue Life Extension of Offshore Installations
Publisher: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Date: 07-2012
Abstract: The use of fatigue life improvement techniques and specifically ultrasonic peening treatment to extend the service life of offshore structures has become an accepted practice during the last five years. The understanding of the process as well as equipment’s upgrading for treatment in-situ including quality control and assurance have been developed up to a level that it has become a current practice in many parts of the world. However, the efficiency of the ultrasonic peening is strictly dependent on the deep understanding of significant fatigue parameters as weld defects, stress concentrations and residual stresses and their interaction. In this paper we attempt to present the current knowledge and the physical reasons why the ultrasonic peening treatment is able to improve the fatigue life of welded joints. The local weld geometry or stress concentration, weld imperfections as well as welding residual stresses are all modified and improved by the application of ultrasonic peening. Local weld geometry and weld process inherent weld imperfections are the factors primarily influencing the fatigue strength in welded joints. Comprehensive studies have been carried out during the last 20 years in order to detect and document the weld defects as well as to understand their origin and effect on the fatigue strength of welds. Analogous efforts have been dedicated to understand and document the influence of local weld geometries on the stress concentrations and its influence on endurance and structural integrity. Similarly, efforts have been done to understand the influence of the relaxation by external loads of the by the ultrasonic peening treatment induced compressive stresses. Fatigue test results of ultrasonic peening treated relevant weld details have been used to assess the potential life extension. The results showed four to six times fatigue life extension. The spectrum fatigue test was designed to confirm that relaxation by service loads of the induced compressive stresses during ultrasonic peening treatment would not diminish the benefit.
Deep surface rolling for fatigue life enhancement of laser clad aircraft aluminium alloy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
High-Resolution Strain Mapping Through Time-of-Flight Neutron Transmission Diffraction
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 11-2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.772.9
Abstract: The spatial resolution of time of flight neutron transmission diffraction was recently improved by the extension of photon/electron counting technology to imaging of thermal and cold neutrons. The development of novel neutron sensitive microchannel plates enables neutron counting with spatial resolution of ~55 um and time-of-flight accuracy of ~1 us, with efficiency as high as 70% for cold and ~40% for thermal neutrons. The combination of such a high resolution detector with a pulsed collimated neuron beam provides the opportunity to obtain a 2-dimensional map of neutron transmission spectra in one measurement. The results of our neuron transmission measurements demonstrate that maps of strains integrated along the beam propagation direction can be obtained with ~100 microstrain accuracy and spatial resolution of ~100 um providing there are sufficient neutron events collected. In this paper we describe the capabilities of the MCP neutron counting detectors and present the experimental results of 2-dimensional strain maps within austenitic steel compact tension (CT) crack s les measured at the ENGIN-X beamline of the ISIS pulsed neutron source.
Related Organisations
Australian Nuclear Science And Technology Organisation
Location: Australia
ISIS Pulsed Neutron And Muon Source
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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