ORCID Profile
0000-0001-5444-8925
Current Organisations
Centre for Eye Research Australia
,
Monash University
,
Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
,
Peninsula Health
,
Baby Heart Foundation
,
University of Melbourne
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Publications
Assessment of post‐surgical donor‐site morbidity in vastus lateralis free flap for head and neck reconstructive surgery: An observational study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-09-2021
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.17187
Abstract: Vastus lateralis (VL) can be used to reconstruct defects of the head and neck. Whilst the advantages are documented, donor‐site morbidity is not well described. This study aimed to assess donor‐site morbidity after VL flap harvest. Results will determine future directions for preventative and post‐operative care to improve patient health outcomes. Ten participants (mean age 55 years) were assessed for the presence of donor‐site morbidity after VL harvest. Musculoskeletal (pain, muscle strength, muscle length and tactile sensation), quality of life (SF‐12), lower extremity function, gait (function and speed) and sit to stand were assessed using validated and standardized procedures. The outcomes were compared to age‐matched healthy reference values or to the non‐operative side. Analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics and non‐parametric tests. There was no difference in muscle strength (knee extension), muscle length, ability to sit‐to‐stand, or gait function (all P 0.05). Knee flexor muscle strength was significantly less on the operated leg compared to the non‐operated leg ( P = 0.02) and walking speed was slower than age‐matched healthy values ( P 0.001). Thigh tactile sensation was impaired in 89% of participants. Quality of life was significantly less for the physical health component of the SF‐12 ( P 0.001). The mental health component of the SF‐12 was similar to healthy controls ( P = 0.256). There was no effect on donor site morbidity with regards to knee extensor strength, pain, walking function, ability to sit‐to‐stand and muscle length. VL harvest affected donor‐site knee flexion strength, walking speed, tactile sensation and physical health‐related quality of life.
Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage as a rare complication of antiphospholipid syndrome
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-04-2022
DOI: 10.1002/RCR2.948
Abstract: Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) is a rare complication of antiphospholipid syndrome. With a mortality rate of 46%, early diagnosis and management remain an ongoing challenge. Case reports are limited, and management guidelines are not yet definitive. In this case report, we present a 43‐year‐old male with DAH who required high‐dose oral steroids, intravenous methylprednisolone cyclophosphamide and rituximab over 18 months to control life‐threatening episodes of pulmonary bleeding.
Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Advancement of Breast Surgery and Implications for Breast Reconstruction: A Narrative Review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-08-2019
DOI: 10.3390/JCM12155143
Abstract: Background: Breast reconstruction is a pivotal part of the recuperation process following a mastectomy and aims to restore both the physical aesthetic and emotional well-being of breast cancer survivors. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a revolutionary technology across numerous medical disciplines. This narrative review of the current literature and evidence analysis explores the role of AI in the domain of breast reconstruction, outlining its potential to refine surgical procedures, enhance outcomes, and streamline decision making. Methods: A systematic search on Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Clinical Trials, and Embase databases from January 1901 to June 2023 was conducted. Results: By meticulously evaluating a selection of recent studies and engaging with inherent challenges and prospective trajectories, this review spotlights the promising role AI plays in advancing the techniques of breast reconstruction. However, issues concerning data quality, privacy, and ethical considerations pose hurdles to the seamless integration of AI in the medical field. Conclusion: The future research agenda comprises dataset standardization, AI algorithm refinement, and the implementation of prospective clinical trials and fosters cross-disciplinary partnerships. The fusion of AI with other emergent technologies like augmented reality and 3D printing could further propel progress in breast surgery.
Comparing the Efficacy of Large Language Models ChatGPT, BARD, and Bing AI in Providing Information on Rhinoplasty: An Observational Study
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2023
No title found
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-10-2022
DOI: 10.1002/PBC.29415
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies. Data concerning Thirty-one studies with a total of 735 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of
The role of artificial intelligence language models in dermatology: Opportunities, limitations and ethical considerations
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-07-2023
DOI: 10.1111/AJD.14133
Retracted: The association between keratoconus and allergic eye diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2023
DOI: 10.1111/CEO.14045
Abstract: To investigate association between keratoconus and allergic eye diseases, eye rubbing, and atopy. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane were searched for relevant published studies from inception to April 2021 without restrictions or filters. We included case–control, cohort, and cross‐sectional studies that investigated eye allergy, atopy, or eye rubbing as possible risk factors for KC. Two authors independently screened all titles and abstracts against predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study analysed keratoconus prevalence and risk factors including eye rubbing, family history of keratoconus, atopy, and allergic eye diseases. The National Institute of Health Study Quality Assessment tool was utilised. Pooled data were presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Analysis was conducted using RevMan version 5.3 software. Out of 573 articles, we excluded 161 duplicates than 361 articles by title and abstract screening. The remaining 51 articles underwent full‐text screening, and 29 articles were excluded. Twenty‐one studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and fifteen for quantitative synthesis. There was no significant association found between KC and allergic eye diseases (OR = 1.03, 95% CI [0.96, 1.11], p = 0.45), eye rubbing (OR = 1.59, 95% CI [0.70, 3.63], p = 0.27), or atopy (OR = 1.08, 95% CI [0.80, 1.44], p = 0.62). No significant association was observed between KC and allergic eye disease, eye rubbing, or atopy. Further prospective studies are needed to clarify and validate these findings.
Exploring the role of an artificial intelligence chatbot on appendicitis management: an experimental study on ChatGPT
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-10-2022
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.18736
A History of Innovation: Tracing the Evolution of Imaging Modalities for the Preoperative Planning of Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 11-08-2023
DOI: 10.3390/JCM12165246
Abstract: Breast reconstruction is an essential component in the multidisciplinary management of breast cancer patients. Over the years, preoperative planning has played a pivotal role in assisting surgeons in planning operative decisions prior to the day of surgery. The evolution of preoperative planning can be traced back to the introduction of modalities such as ultrasound and colour duplex ultrasonography, enabling surgeons to evaluate the donor site’s vasculature and thereby plan operations more accurately. However, the limitations of these techniques paved the way for the implementation of modern three-dimensional imaging technologies. With the advancements in 3D imaging, including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, surgeons gained the ability to obtain detailed anatomical information. Moreover, numerous adjuncts have been developed to aid in the planning process. The integration of 3D-printing technologies has made significant contributions, enabling surgeons to create complex haptic models of the underlying anatomy. Direct infrared thermography provides a non-invasive, visual assessment of abdominal wall vascular physiology. Additionally, augmented reality technologies are poised to reshape surgical planning by providing an immersive and interactive environment for surgeons to visualize and manipulate 3D reconstructions. Still, the future of preoperative planning in breast reconstruction holds immense promise. Most recently, artificial intelligence algorithms, utilising machine learning and deep learning techniques, have the potential to automate and enhance preoperative planning processes. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of the history of innovation in preoperative planning for breast reconstruction, while also outlining key future directions, and the impact of artificial intelligence in this field.
High Tibial Osteotomy Versus Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty for Unicompartmental Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-03-2022
Re: Investigating the impact of innovative AI chatbot on post‐pandemic medical education and clinical assistance
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-10-2023
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.18718
Pregnancy-associated breast cancer: a case report and literature review
Publisher: Medip Academy
Date: 14-08-1414
Effect of Perioperative Vitamin C on the Incidence of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
DOI: 10.1053/J.JFAS.2021.11.008
Abstract: Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-I) is a complex complication that occurs after limb extremity surgeries. Controversy exists regarding the effectiveness of vitamin C in reducing that condition. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the role of vitamin C on CRPS-I and functional outcomes after distal radius, wrist, foot, and ankle surgeries. We searched Medline (via PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrial.gov, and Google Scholar for relevant studies comparing perioperative vitamin C versus placebo after distal radius, wrist, foot, and ankle surgeries from infinity to May 2021. Continuous data such as functional outcomes and pain scores were pooled as mean differences, while dichotomous variables such as the incidence of complex regional pain syndrome and complications were pooled as odds ratios, with 95% confidence interval, using R software (meta package, version 4.9-0) for Windows. Eight studies were included. The timeframe for vitamin C administration in each study ranged from 42 to 50 days postinjury and/or surgical fixation. The effect size showed that vitamin C was associated with a decreased rate of CRPS-1 than placebo (odds ratio 0.33, 95% confidence interval [0.17, 0.63]). No significant difference was found between vitamin C and placebo in terms of complications (odds ratio 1.90, 95% confidence interval [0.99, 3.65]), functional outcomes (mean difference 6.37, 95% confidence interval [-1.40, 14.15]), and pain scores (mean difference -0.14, 95% confidence interval [-1.07, 0.79]). Overall, vitamin C was associated with a decreased rate of CRPS-I than placebo, while no significant difference was found regarding complications, functional outcomes, and pain scores. These results hold true when stratifying fracture type (distal radius, ankle, and foot surgeries) and vitamin C dose (500 mg or 1 g).
Evaluating Chatbot Efficacy for Answering Frequently Asked Questions in Plastic Surgery: A ChatGPT Case Study Focused on Breast Augmentation
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 09-05-2023
DOI: 10.1093/ASJ/SJAD140
Abstract: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies into healthcare is transforming patient-practitioner interaction and could offer an additional platform for patient education and support. This study investigated whether ChatGPT-4 could provide safe and up-to-date medical information about breast augmentation that is comparable to other patient information sources. ChatGPT-4 was asked to generate 6 commonly asked questions regarding breast augmentation and respond to them. Its responses were qualitatively evaluated by a panel of specialist plastic and reconstructive surgeons and reconciled with a literature search of 2 large medical databases for accuracy, informativeness, and accessibility. ChatGPT-4 provided well-structured, grammatically accurate, and comprehensive responses to the questions posed however, it was limited in providing personalized advice and sometimes generated inappropriate or outdated references. ChatGPT consistently encouraged engagement with a specialist for specific information. Although ChatGPT-4 showed promise as an adjunct tool in patient education regarding breast augmentation, there are areas requiring improvement. Additional advancements and software engineering are needed to enhance the reliability and applicability of AI-driven chatbots in patient education and support systems.
Exploring the Role of a Large Language Model on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Management: An Observation Study of ChatGPT
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
Non-genetic risk factors for keratoconus
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-05-2023
DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2062222
Abstract: Keratoconus is a complex and multifactorial disease and its exact aetiology remains unknown. This current study examined the important environmental risk factors and their association with keratoconus. This study was registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of systematic reviews under registration number CRD42021256792 in 2021. Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for all relevant articles published from 1 January 1900 to 31 July 2021. National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. The assessment for statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the Z-statistics on RevMan v5.4. P-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant and I
Scleral thinning causes, diagnosis, and management: A narrative review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Redefining Academic Integrity, Authorship, and Innovation: The Impact of ChatGPT on Surgical Research
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-05-2023
The role of corticosteroid injections in treating plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Evaluation of the Artificial Intelligence Chatbot on Breast Reconstruction and Its Efficacy in Surgical Research: A Case Study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-06-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S00266-023-03443-7
Abstract: ChatGPT is an open-source artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that uses deep learning to produce human-like text dialog. Its potential applications in the scientific community are vast however, its efficacy on performing comprehensive literature searches, data analysis and report writing in aesthetic plastic surgery topics remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate both the accuracy and comprehensiveness of ChatGPT’s responses to assess its suitability for use in aesthetic plastic surgery research. Six questions were prompted to ChatGPT on post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. First two questions focused on the current evidence and options for breast reconstruction post-mastectomy, and remaining four questions focused specifically on autologous breast reconstruction. Using the Likert framework, the responses provided by ChatGPT were qualitatively assessed for accuracy and information content by two specialist plastic surgeons with extensive experience in the field. ChatGPT provided relevant, accurate information however, it lacked depth. It could provide no more than a superficial overview in response to more esoteric questions and generated incorrect references. It created non-existent references, cited wrong journal and date, which poses a significant challenge in maintaining academic integrity and caution of its use in academia. While ChatGPT demonstrated proficiency in summarizing existing knowledge, it created fictitious references which poses a significant concern of its use in academia and healthcare. Caution should be exercised in interpreting its responses in the aesthetic plastic surgical field and should only be used for such with sufficient oversight. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors 0266 .
PGRMC1 phosphorylation affects cell shape, motility, glycolysis, mitochondrial form and function, and tumor growth
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-04-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12860-020-00256-3
Abstract: Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1) is expressed in many cancer cells, where it is associated with detrimental patient outcomes. It contains phosphorylated tyrosines which evolutionarily preceded deuterostome gastrulation and tissue differentiation mechanisms. We demonstrate that manipulating PGRMC1 phosphorylation status in MIA PaCa-2 (MP) cells imposes broad pleiotropic effects. Relative to parental cells over-expressing hemagglutinin-tagged wild-type (WT) PGRMC1-HA, cells expressing a PGRMC1-HA-S57A/S181A double mutant (DM) exhibited reduced levels of proteins involved in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, and altered glucose metabolism suggesting modulation of the Warburg effect. This was associated with increased PI3K/AKT activity, altered cell shape, actin cytoskeleton, motility, and mitochondrial properties. An S57A/Y180F/S181A triple mutant (TM) indicated the involvement of Y180 in PI3K/AKT activation. Mutation of Y180F strongly attenuated subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth in NOD-SCID gamma mice. Elsewhere we demonstrate altered metabolism, mutation incidence, and epigenetic status in these cells. Altogether, these results indicate that mutational manipulation of PGRMC1 phosphorylation status exerts broad pleiotropic effects relevant to cancer and other cell biology.
ChatGPT-4: Transforming Medical Education and Addressing Clinical Exposure Challenges in the Post-pandemic Era
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-08-2023
Exploring the role of artificial intelligence chatbot on the management of scaphoid fractures
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-05-2023
Response to “Rhinoplasty Consultation with ChatGPT” by Kleebayoon et al.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-05-2023
Letter to the Editor: Editorial: Artificial Intelligence Applications and Scholarly Publication in Orthopaedic Surgery
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 25-05-2023
The application of shear wave elastography with ultrasound for rotator cuff tears: a systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Inferior mesenteric vein preserving lymphadenectomy in high left segmental colectomy for splenic flexure melanoma: A case report
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
HPV positive primary scrotal and perianal squamous cell carcinoma with locoregional reconstruction
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-08-2023
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.18642
Infectious crystalline keratopathy following Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-12-2023
DOI: 10.1177/11206721221144655
Abstract: We describe this first case of Staphylococcus epidermidis causing infectious crystalline keratopathy (ICK) following Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK), that resolved after 5 weeks of topical antibiotic and corticosteroid treatment. An 80-year-old woman presented with blurred vision, redness, and ocular pain 9 months after successful DSAEK. Slit l examination revealed the presence of white, non-suppurative, deep-branching stromal infiltrates, and a clinical diagnosis of ICK was made. Cultures of corneal scapings isolated multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. No subsequent surgical procedures were performed. Based on antibiotic sensitivity analysis, she was treated successfully with topical vancomycin and chlor henicol for 5 weeks. Complete resolution of the infection with minor anterior stromal corneal scarring of the host cornea was noted after 5 weeks of treatment. This case report describes the diagnosis and management of ICK after DSAEK and reviews the relevant literature regarding the occurrence of ICK after DSAEK. In this case, vancomycin and chlor henicol allowed for the uncomplicated resolution of infection with only minor visual impairment from baseline.
Investigating the impact of innovative AI chatbot on post‐pandemic medical education and clinical assistance: a comprehensive analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-08-2023
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.18666
Abstract: The COVID‐19 pandemic has significantly disrupted clinical experience and exposure of medical students and junior doctors. Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration in medical education has the potential to enhance learning and improve patient care. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three popular large language models (LLMs) in serving as clinical decision‐making support tools for junior doctors. A series of increasingly complex clinical scenarios were presented to ChatGPT, Google's Bard and Bing's AI. Their responses were evaluated against standard guidelines, and for reliability by the Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level, the Coleman‐Liau Index, and the modified DISCERN score for assessing suitability. Lastly, the LLMs outputs were assessed by using the Likert scale for accuracy, informativeness, and accessibility by three experienced specialists. In terms of readability and reliability, ChatGPT stood out among the three LLMs, recording the highest scores in Flesch Reading Ease (31.2 ± 3.5), Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level (13.5 ± 0.7), Coleman–Lau Index (13) and DISCERN (62 ± 4.4). These results suggest statistically significant superior comprehensibility and alignment with clinical guidelines in the medical advice given by ChatGPT. Bard followed closely behind, with BingAI trailing in all categories. The only non‐significant statistical differences ( P 0.05) were found between ChatGPT and Bard's readability indices, and between the Flesch Reading Ease scores of ChatGPT/Bard and BingAI. This study demonstrates the potential utility of LLMs in fostering self‐directed and personalized learning, as well as bolstering clinical decision‐making support for junior doctors. However further development is needed for its integration into education.
Reply to correspondence on innovative AI chatbot and post‐pandemic medical education and clinical assistance
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-10-2023
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.18720
ChatGPT in surgical research and practice: a threat to academic integrity, authorship, and divergent thinking
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-07-2023
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.18544
Quantification and Effectiveness of Vascularized Neck Lymph Node Transfer for Lymphedema: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-11-2023
Ocular manifestations of obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-05-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S00417-023-06103-3
Abstract: The association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with development of eye diseases is unclear. This current systematic review and meta-analysis attempts to summarize and analyze associations between OSA and ocular disorders in the literature. PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Web Of Science, and Scopus databases were searched from 1901 to July 2022 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting in Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Our primary outcome assessed the association between OSA and the odds of developing floppy eyelid syndrome (FES), glaucoma, non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), keratoconus (KC), idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSR) through odds ratio calculated at the 95% confidence interval. Forty-nine studies were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled OR estimate was highest for NAION [3.98 (95% CI 2.38, 6.66)], followed by FES [3.68 (95% CI 2.18, 6.20)], RVO [2.71(95% CI 1.83, 4.00)], CSR [2.28 (95% CI 0.65, 7.97)], KC [1.87 (95% CI 1.16, 2.99)], glaucoma [1.49 (95% CI 1.16, 1.91)], IIH [1.29 (95% CI 0.33, 5.01)], and AMD [0.92 [95% CI 0.24, 3.58] All observed associations were significant ( p 0.001) aside from IIH and AMD. OSA is significantly associated with NAION, FES, RVO, CSR, KC, and glaucoma. Clinicians should be informed of these associations so early recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of eye disorders can be addressed in at-risk groups, and early referral to ophthalmic services is made to prevent vision disturbances. Similarly, ophthalmologists seeing patients with any of these conditions should consider screening and referring patients for assessment of possible OSA.
Aesthetic Surgery Advice and Counseling from Artificial Intelligence: A Rhinoplasty Consultation with ChatGPT
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-04-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S00266-023-03338-7
Abstract: ChatGPT is an open-source artificial large language model that uses deep learning to produce human-like text dialogue. This observational study evaluated the ability of ChatGPT to provide informative and accurate responses to a set of hypothetical questions designed to simulate an initial consultation about rhinoplasty. Nine questions were prompted to ChatGPT on rhinoplasty. The questions were sourced from a checklist published by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, and the responses were assessed for accessibility, informativeness, and accuracy by Specialist Plastic Surgeons with extensive experience in rhinoplasty. ChatGPT was able to provide coherent and easily comprehensible answers to the questions posed, demonstrating its understanding of natural language in a health-specific context. The responses emphasized the importance of an in idualized approach, particularly in aesthetic plastic surgery. However, the study also highlighted ChatGPT’s limitations in providing more detailed or personalized advice. Overall, the results suggest that ChatGPT has the potential to provide valuable information to patients in a medical context, particularly in situations where patients may be hesitant to seek advice from medical professionals or where access to medical advice is limited. However, further research is needed to determine the scope and limitations of AI language models in this domain and to assess the potential benefits and risks associated with their use. Observational study under respected authorities. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors 0266 .
The Role of Artificial Intelligence Tools on Advancing Scientific Research
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-08-2023
Incidence of Pseudophakic Cystoid Macular Oedema Post-Cataract Surgery in Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Australia
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 18-01-2022
DOI: 10.1159/000521053
Abstract: b i Background: /i /b Post-operatively, cataract surgery is associated with pseudophakic cystoid macular oedema (PCMO) causing vision disturbances. The presence of comorbidities may increase the incidence of PCMO post-cataract surgery. b i Objective: /i /b This observational study aimed to assess the incidence of PCMO in Australia (Illawarra region) and identify risk factors for developing PCMO. b i Methods: /i /b Retrospective analysis was performed on data from patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation between 1st March and June 30, 2016. Demographics, comorbidities, central subfield thickness (CST), visual acuity, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were collected preoperatively, day 1, and weeks 2, 4, and 6 post-operatively. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.27.0 and GraphPad Prism v.9.0. The median and 95% confidence intervals were used to describe data. Logistic regression and χ sup /sup tests were used to describe the associations. We followed the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines. b i Results: /i /b Fifty right and 35 left cataract eyes were operated on (58.8% were females average age 72.8 ± 8.146 years). Total PCMO incidence was 10.6%, and true PCMO incidence (removing PCMO risk factors) was 4.2% at week 6 post-operatively. CST was slightly increased between pre- and post-cataract surgery at week 4 ( i /i = 0.002) and week 6 ( i /i & #x3c 0.0001 median = 259 μm, 264 μm, and 263 μm, respectively). IOP was found to be decreased ( i /i & #x3c 0.0001) compared to day 1 (median = 17 mm Hg) and week 6 (median = 13 mm Hg). The probability of developing PCMO (odds ratio [OR] = 3) and vitreomacular traction (OR = 2.9) was higher in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients and in patients & #x3e years old (OR = 1.5). b i Conclusion: /i /b The true incidence of PCMO was found to be the greatest at 2–4 weeks post-operatively. Patients with diabetes or advanced age (& #x3e years) are at an elevated risk of developing PCMO after cataract surgery. The treatment regimens for the comorbid populations, especially diabetic patients, remain limited, and future efforts should target pharmaceutical management for these groups.
Utilizing ChatGPT-4 for Providing Medical Information on Blepharoplasties to Patients
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-04-2023
DOI: 10.1093/ASJ/SJAD096
Pre‐rehabilitation interventions for patients with head and neck cancers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-10-2023
DOI: 10.1002/HED.27561
Using Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools in Cosmetic Surgery: A Study on Rhinoplasty, Facelifts, and Blepharoplasty Procedures
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-10-2023
DOI: 10.3390/JCM12206524
The association between keratoconus and allergic eye diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-03-2023
DOI: 10.1111/CEO.14215
Abstract: To investigate the association between keratoconus (KC) and allergic eye diseases, eye rubbing, and atopy. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched for studies investigating eye allergy, atopy, and eye rubbing as risk factors for KC up to April 2021. Two authors independently screened all titles and abstracts against the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study analysed the prevalence of KC and its risk factors, including eye rubbing, family history of KC, atopy, and allergic eye diseases. The National Institutes of Health Study Quality Assessment Tool was used. Pooled data are presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The analysis was conducted using RevMan version 5.4 software. The initial search yielded 573 articles. After screening, 21 studies were identified for qualitative analysis and 15 for quantitative synthesis. A significant association was found between KC and eye rubbing (OR = 5.22, 95% CI [2.80, 9.75], p 0.00001), family history of KC (OR = 6.67, 95% CI [4.77, 9.33], p 0.00001), and allergies (OR = 2.21, 95% CI [1.57, 3.13], p 0.00001). However, no significant association was found between KC and allergic eye disease (OR = 1.82, 95% CI [0.37, 8.97], p = 0.46), atopy (OR = 1.54, 95% CI [0.58, 4.09], p = 0.39), allergic rhinitis (OR = 0.85, 95% CI [0.54, 1.33], p = 0.47), smoking (OR = 0.96, 95% CI [0.76, 1.21], p = 0.73), and asthma (OR = 1.58, 95% CI [0.99, 2.53], p = 0.05). Significant associations were observed between KC and eye rubbing, family history, and allergy, but not with allergic eye disease, atopy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis.
PGRMC1 phosphorylation and cell plasticity 1: glycolysis, mitochondria, tumor growth
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 24-08-2019
DOI: 10.1101/737718
Abstract: Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1) is expressed in many cancer cells, where it is associated with detrimental patient outcomes. It contains phosphorylated tyrosines which evolutionarily preceded deuterostome gastrulation and tissue differentiation mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that manipulating PGRMC1 phosphorylation status in MIA PaCa-2 (MP) cells imposes broad pleiotropic effects. Relative to parental cells over-expressing hemagglutinin-tagged wild-type (WT) PGRMC1-HA, cells expressing a PGRMC1-HA-S57A/S181A double mutant (DM) exhibited reduced levels of proteins involved in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, and altered glucose metabolism suggesting modulation of the Warburg effect. This was associated with increased PI3K/Akt activity, altered cell shape, actin cytoskeleton, motility, and mitochondrial properties. An S57A/Y180F/S181A triple mutant (TM) indicated the involvement of Y180 in PI3K/Akt activation. Mutation of Y180F strongly attenuated mouse xenograft tumor growth. An accompanying paper demonstrates altered metabolism, mutation incidence, and epigenetic status in these cells, indicating that PGRMC1 phosphorylation strongly influences cancer biology.
Non‐immune‐mediated anaphylaxis to synthetic oxytocin during labor
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-06-2022
DOI: 10.1002/IJGO.14304
Abstract: We presented a rare case of non‐immune‐mediated anaphylaxis to synthetic oxytocin during labor in a healthy 26‐year‐old. Further immunological testing of concomitant ingredients used with synthetic oxytocin were unremarkable, indicative of a true non‐immune‐mediated anaphylaxis reaction.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models to Plastic Surgery Research
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2023
DOI: 10.1093/ASJ/SJAD210
The effect of chemotherapy on the complication rates of breast reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Optic Nerve Head Capillary Network Quantified by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Decline of Renal Function in Type 2 Diabetes: A Three-Year Prospective Study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Efficacy and Safety of Different Trapezium Implants for Trapeziometacarpal Joint Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-07-2023
DOI: 10.1177/15589447231183172
Abstract: Background: The trapeziometacarpal joint (TMCJ) is the most common hand joint affected by osteoarthritis (OA), and trapezium implant arthroplasty is a potential treatment for recalcitrant OA. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of various trapezium implants as an interventional option for TMCJ OA. Methods: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library databases were searched for relevant studies up to May 28, 2022. Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines were adhered to, and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO. The methodological quality was assessed by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute tools for observational studies and the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Subgroup analyses were performed on different replacement implants the analysis was done using Open Meta-Analyst software and P values .05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 123 studies comprising 5752 patients were included. Total joint replacement (TJR) implants demonstrate greater significant improvements in visual analogue scale pain scores postoperatively. Interposition with partial trapezial resection implants were associated with highest grip strength and highest reduction in the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score. Revision rates were highest in TJR (12.3%) and lowest in interposition with partial trapezial resection (6.2%). Conclusion: Total joint replacement and interposition with partial trapezial resection implants improve pain score, grip strength, and DASH scores more than other implant options. Future studies should focus on high-quality randomized clinical trials comparing different implants to accumulate higher quality evidence and more reliable conclusions.
Response to “The Artificial Intelligence Application in Aesthetic Medicine: How ChatGPT can Revolutionize the Aesthetic World” by Buzzaccarini et al.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-06-2023
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