ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2648-0324
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-03-2021
DOI: 10.1111/JHN.12870
Abstract: A comprehensive evidence base is needed to support recommendations for the dietetic management of adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aimed to determine the effect of dietary interventions with dietitian involvement on nutritional status, well‐being, kidney risk factors and clinical outcomes in adults with CKD. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and EMBASE.com were searched from January 2000 to November 2019. Intentional weight loss and single nutrient studies were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool. Effectiveness was summarised using the mean difference between groups for each outcome per study. Twelve controlled trials (1906 participants) were included. High fruit and vegetable intake, as well as a multidisciplinary hospital and community care programme, slowed the decline in glomerular filtration rate in adults with stage 3–4 CKD. Interventions addressing nutrition‐related barriers increased protein and energy intake in haemodialysis patients. A Mediterranean diet and a diet with high n ‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improved the lipid profile in kidney transplant recipients. A limited number of studies suggest benefits as a result of dietary interventions that are delivered by dietitians and focus on diet quality. We did not identify any studies that focussed on our primary outcome of nutritional status or studies that examined the timing or frequency of the nutritional assessment. This review emphasises the need for a wider body of high‐quality evidence to support recommendations on what and how dietetic interventions are delivered by dietitians for adults with CKD.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-08-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-07-2023
DOI: 10.1002/OSP4.691
Abstract: Disordered eating, such as binge, graze, and emotional eating, has been strongly linked to weight gain. Improved understanding of disordered eating by adults who elect bariatric weight loss procedures in a real‐world setting is required. To determine the association between the number and type of disordered eating patterns (DEPs), as described by healthcare professionals during routine care without standardized assessment, with clinical outcomes in adults who elected a bariatric weight loss procedure. An observational cohort study recruited laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) patients. DEPs documented in the medical record during routine care were observed and tested for association with events (symptoms, side‐effects, or adverse events), micronutrient deficiencies, weight loss, and attrition. Data were observed up to 12‐month post‐procedure. 215 LSG and 32 ESG patients were recruited. The mean number of DEPs was 6.4 (SD: 2.1) and 6.4 (SD: 2.1) in the LSG and ESG cohorts, respectively. Night eating was associated with a higher number of events ( p 0.008) in the LSG cohort, and non‐hungry eating was associated with a higher number of events in the ESG cohort ( p 0.001). ESG patients who had a surgical or medical event by 6‐months post‐procedure had mean 1.78 (95%CI: 0.67, 2.89) more DEPs ( p = 0.004). DEPs were not associated with weight loss, micronutrient deficiencies, nor attrition. The treating healthcare team believed the LSG and ESG patients experienced a wide variety and high frequency of DEPs requiring multidisciplinary support. Non‐hungry eating and night eating were associated with poorer outcomes following an LSG or ESG. The study was prospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12622000332729).
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-10-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12937-020-00632-X
Abstract: To describe a-priori diet quality indices used in children and adolescents, appraise the validity and reliability of these indices, and synthesise evidence on the relationship between diet quality and physical and mental health, and growth-related outcomes. Five electronic databases were searched until January 2019. An a-priori diet quality index was included if it applied a scoring structure to rate child or adolescent (aged 0–18-years) dietary intakes relative to dietary or nutrient guidelines. Diagnostic accuracy studies and prospective cohort studies reporting health outcomes were appraised using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist. From 15,577 records screened, 128 unique paediatric diet quality indices were identified from 33 countries. Half of the indices’ scores rated both food and nutrient intakes ( n = 65 indices). Some indices were age specific: infant ( 24-months n = 8 indices), child (2–12-years n = 16), adolescent (13–18 years n = 8), and child/adolescent ( n = 14). Thirty-seven indices evaluated for validity and/or reliability. Eleven of the 15 indices which investigated associations with prospective health outcomes reported significant results, such as improved IQ, quality of life, blood pressure, body composition, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Research utilising diet quality indices in paediatric populations is rapidly expanding internationally. However, few indices have been evaluated for validity, reliability, or association with health outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the validity, reliability, and association with health of frequently utilised diet quality indices to ensure data generated by an index is useful, applicable, and relevant. PROSPERO number: CRD42018107630 .
No related grants have been discovered for Ashleigh McIntosh.