ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9279-7149
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Environmental Science and Management | Genetics | Fire Management | Life Histories (Incl. Population Ecology) | Conservation And Biodiversity | Ecology | Environmental Management And Rehabilitation | Population, Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics | Population And Ecological Genetics | Terrestrial Ecology | Zoology Not Elsewhere Classified | Natural Resource Management | Pests, Health And Diseases | Population Ecology | Terrestrial Ecology | Ecological Impacts of Climate Change | Biological Adaptation |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Living resources (flora and fauna) | Ecosystem Adaptation to Climate Change | Integrated (ecosystem) assessment and management | Integrated (ecosystem) assessment and management | Living resources (flora and fauna) | Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Forest and Woodlands Environments | Forestry | Rehabilitation of degraded mining lands | Control of pests and exotic species | Remnant vegetation and protected conservation areas | Biological sciences | Integrated (ecosystem) assessment and management | Physical and chemical conditions | Natural Hazards in Forest and Woodlands Environments | Flora, Fauna and Biodiversity at Regional or Larger Scales | Forest and Woodlands Flora, Fauna and Biodiversity
Related Links
Publications
Fire temperatures and follicle-opening requirements in 10 Banksia species
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-07-2006
Sensitivity of plant functional types to climate change: classification tree analysis of a simulation model
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2010
Anomalies in grasstree fire history reconstructions for south‐western Australian vegetation
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-08-2005
Hakea, the world’s most sclerophyllous genus, arose in southwestern Australian heathland and diversified throughout Australia over the past 12 million years
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1071/BT15134
Abstract: Hakea (Proteaceae) currently comprises over 150 species, with two-thirds confined to south-western Australia (SWA) and the remainder spread throughout Australia, especially along the eastern coast. We constructed a time-based molecular phylogeny for the genus and used area-assignment techniques to trace its biogeographic history. According to our area-cladogram analysis, there is a 95% probability that Hakea arose 18 million years ago (Ma) in the sandplains of SWA. From 12 Ma, the genus speciated and migrated into forest and onto granite outcrops within SWA, into the drier centre and then continued to the maritime forests of eastern Australia (EA) 3000 km away, and north-east to savanna grasslands. The Nullarbor Plain was an obstacle but it did not prevent eastward migration. Twelve west➔east, apparently allopatric, speciation events are identified that coincided with glacial maxima, but more likely represent sympatric speciation in SWA or central Australia, followed by further migration and speciation➔extinction➔speciation events across central to EA. During the period from 8 to 1 Ma, net speciation has been linear and strong in the sclerophyll shrublands of SWA and, to a lesser extent, the sclerophyll forests of EA. Four lines of evidence (historical distribution of sclerophyllous Proteaceae, historical subjection to aridity, species ersification patterns, relative allocation of drought-adapted traits) support our area-cladogram results that Hakea originated in SWA and gradually spread to all parts of Australia as suitable nutrient-impoverished, and open drought- and fire-prone habitats became available.
Pre-Gondwanan-breakup origin of Beauprea (Proteaceae) explains its historical presence in New Caledonia and New Zealand
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 04-2016
Abstract: The tropical shrub Beauprea was already present in Gondwana when Zealandia drifted away from Antarctica 82 million years ago.
Ancient Rhamnaceae flowers impute an origin for flowering plants exceeding 250-million-years ago
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
Comparison of Post‐Mine Rehabilitated and Natural Shrubland Communities in Southwestern Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2009
High microsatellite genetic diversity fails to predict greater population resistance to extreme drought
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-08-2009
SOIL VS. CANOPY SEED STORAGE AND PLANT SPECIES COEXISTENCE IN SPECIES-RICH AUSTRALIAN SHRUBLANDS
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2007
DOI: 10.1890/06-1343.1
Abstract: The fire-prone shrublands of southwestern Australia are renowned for their high plant species ersity and prominence of canopy seed storage (serotiny). We compared species richness, abundance, and life history attributes for soil and canopy seed banks in relation to extant vegetation among four sites with different substrate conditions and high species turnover (50-80%) to identify whether this unusual community-level organization of seed storage might contribute to maintenance of high species richness. Soil seed bank (SSB) densities were low to moderate (233-1435 seeds/m2) compared with densities for other Mediterranean-type vegetation and were lowest for sites with highest canopy seed bank (CSB) species richness and lowest nutrient availability, but not richness or abundance of resprouters. Annuals were infrequent in the lowest nutrient sites, but there was no evidence that small SSB size was due to low seed inputs or a trade-off between seed production/storage and seed size in response to low nutrient availability. Sorensen's similarity between SSB and extant vegetation was 26-43% but increased to 54-57% when the CSB was included, representing levels higher than reported for most other ecosystems. Resprouting species were well represented in both the SSB and CSB, and there was no evidence for lower seed production in resprouters than in non-sprouters overall. The SSB and CSB held no species in common and were characterized by markedly different seed dispersal attributes, with winged or small seeds in the CSB and seeds dispersed by ants, birds, and wind (though none with wings) in the SSB. There was no evidence of spatial differentiation in the distribution of seeds of SSB species between vegetated and open microsites that might facilitate species coexistence, but most woody non-sprouters showed aggregation at scales of 1-2 m, implying limited seed dispersal. High similarity between overall seed bank (SSB + CSB) and extant species composition, high number of resprouting species, and seed dispersal processes before (SSB) and after fire (CSB) leading to differential spatial aggregation of post-fire recruits from the two seed bank types may buffer species composition against rapid change and provide a mechanism for maintaining species coexistence at the local scale.
Isolation and self-regulation processes in simulated postfire microsites promote plant species diversity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
Spatial patterns in species‐rich sclerophyll shrublands of southwestern Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-01-2008
DOI: 10.3170/2008-8-18441
Short Communication: Leaf trait relationships in Australian plant species
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1071/FP03212
Abstract: Leaf trait data were compiled for 258 Australian plant species from several habitat types dominated by woody perennials. Specific leaf area (SLA), photosynthetic capacity, dark respiration rate and leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations were positively correlated with one another and negatively correlated with average leaf lifespan. These trait relationships were consistent with previous results from global datasets. Together, these traits form a spectrum of variation running from species with cheap but frequently replaced leaves to those with strategies more attuned to a nutrient-conserving lifestyle. Australian species tended to have SLAs at the lower end of the spectrum, as expected in a dataset dominated by sclerophyllous species from low fertility or low rainfall sites. The existence of broad-scale, 'global' relationships does not imply that the same trait relationships will always be observed in small datasets. In particular, the probability of observing concordant patterns depends on the range of trait variation in a dataset, which, itself, may vary with s le size or species-s ling properties such as the range of growth forms, plant functional 'types', or taxa included in a particular study. The considerable scatter seen in these broad-scale trait relationships may be associated with climate, physiology and phylogeny.
Simulating the effects of different spatio-temporal fire regimes on plant metapopulation persistence in a Mediterranean-type region
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2008
Error in the inference of fire history from grasstrees
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-11-2007
Conservation biology of banksias: insights from natural history to simulation modelling
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/BT06024
Abstract: We have studied the ecology and conservation requirements of Banksia species in the species-rich sandplains of south-western Australia for 25 years. Loss of habitat through land-clearing has had the greatest impact on their conservation status over the last 50 years. Ascertaining optimal conditions for conservation management in bushland requires detailed knowledge of the species under consideration, including demographic attributes, fire regime, growing conditions and interactions with other species. Where populations have been fragmented, seed production per plant has also fallen. The group most vulnerable to the vagaries of fire, disease, pests, weeds and climate change are the non-sprouters, rather than the resprouters, with population extinction so far confined to non-sprouting species. Recent short-interval fires ( years) appear to have had little impact at the landscape scale, possibly because they are rare and patchy. Fire intervals exceeding 25–50 years can also lead to local extinction. Up to 200 viable seeds are required for parent replacement in Banksia hookeriana when growing conditions are poor (low post-fire rainfall, commercial flower harvesting) and seed banks of this size can take up to 12 years to be reached. Seed production is rarely limited by pollinators, but interannual seasonal effects and resource availability are important. Genetic ersity of the seed store is quickly restored to the level of the parents in B. hookeriana. Florivores and granivores generally reduce seed stores, although this varies markedly among species. In Banksia tricuspis, black cockatoos actually increase seed set by selectively destroying borers. Potential loss of populations through the root pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi also challenges management, especially in the southern sandplains. Prefire dead plants are a poor source of seeds for the next generation when fire does occur. Harvesting seeds and sowing post-fire have much to commend them for critically endangered species. Bare areas caused by humans can result in ideal conditions for plant growth and seed set. However, in the case of B. hookeriana/B. prionotes, disturbance by humans has fostered hybridisation, threatening the genetic integrity of both species, whereas fine-textured soils are unsuitable for colonisation or rehabilitation. Few viable seeds become seedlings after fire, owing to post-release granivory and herbivory and unsuitable germination conditions. Seedling-competitive effects ensure that season/intensity of fire is not critical to recruitment levels, except in the presence of weeds. Water availability during summer–autumn is critical and poses a problem for conservation management if the trend for declining rainfall in the region continues. Our simulation modelling for three banksias shows that the probability of co-occurrence is maximal when fire is stochastic around a mean of 13 years, and where fire-proneness and post-fire recruitment success vary in the landscape. Modelling results suggest that non-sprouting banksias could not survive the pre-European frequent-fire scenario suggested by the new grasstree technique for south-western Australia. However, we have yet to fully explore the conservation significance of long-distance dispersal of seeds, recently shown to exceed 2.5 km in B. hookeriana.
The worldwide leaf economics spectrum
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2004
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE02403
Modelling the persistence of an apparently immortal Banksia species after fire and land clearing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1999
Do plant functional traits determine spatial pattern? A test on species‐rich shrublands, W estern A ustralia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-09-2012
The ecological significance of canopy seed storage in fire-prone environments: a model for non-sprouting shrubs
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-1998
A 350‐million‐year legacy of fire adaptation among conifers
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-12-2015
Fire-stimulated flowering among resprouters and geophytes in Australia and South Africa
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-10-2011
Impact of fire on plant-species persistence in post-mine restored and natural shrubland communities in southwestern Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Low Rate of Between-Population Seed Dispersal Restricts Genetic Connectivity and Metapopulation Dynamics in a Clonal Shrub
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 29-11-2012
Genetic and ecological consequences of interactions between three banksias in mediterranean‐type shrubland
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2013
DOI: 10.1111/JVS.12113
A spatial model of coexistence among threeBanksiaspecies along a topographic gradient in fire-prone shrublands
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-09-2002
Covariation between intraspecific genetic diversity and species diversity within a plant functional group
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-08-2008
Polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for Banksia attenuata (Proteaceae)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-06-2007
Fitness benefits of serotiny in fire- and drought-prone environments
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-02-2016
Response to water deficit and high temperature of transgenic peas (Pisum sativum L.) containing a seed-specific -amylase inhibitor and the subsequent effects on pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum L.) surviv
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-01-2004
DOI: 10.1093/JXB/ERH037
The fire ephemeral Tersonia cyathiflora (Gyrostemonaceae) germinates in response to smoke but not the butenolide 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-07-2010
DOI: 10.1093/AOB/MCQ118
Fire‐adapted traits of Pinus arose in the fiery Cretaceous
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-02-2012
DOI: 10.1111/J.1469-8137.2012.04079.X
Abstract: • The mapping of functional traits onto chronograms is an emerging approach for the identification of how agents of natural selection have shaped the evolution of organisms. Recent research has reported fire-dependent traits appearing among flowering plants from 60 million yr ago (Ma). Although there are many records of fossil charcoal in the Cretaceous (65-145 Ma), evidence of fire-dependent traits evolving in that period is lacking. • We link the evolutionary trajectories for five fire-adapted traits in Pinaceae with paleoatmospheric conditions over the last 250 million yr to determine the time at which fire originated as a selective force in trait evolution among seed plants. • Fire-protective thick bark originated in Pinus c. 126 Ma in association with low-intensity surface fires. More intense crown fires emerged c. 89 Ma coincident with thicker bark and branch shedding, or serotiny with branch retention as an alternative strategy. These innovations appeared at the same time as the Earth's paleoatmosphere experienced elevated oxygen levels that led to high burn probabilities during the mid-Cretaceous. • The fiery environments of the Cretaceous strongly influenced trait evolution in Pinus. Our evidence for a strong correlation between the evolution of fire-response strategies and changes in fire regime 90-125 Ma greatly backdates the key role that fire has played in the evolution of seed plants.
Contrasting impacts of pollen and seed dispersal on spatial genetic structure in the bird-pollinated Banksia hookeriana
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-11-2008
DOI: 10.1038/HDY.2008.118
Abstract: In plants, pollen- and seed-dispersal distributions are characteristically leptokurtic, with significant consequences for spatial genetic structure and nearest-neighbour mating. However, most studies to date have been on wind- or insect-pollinated species. Here, we assigned paternity to quantify effective pollen dispersal over 9 years of mating, contrasted this to seed dispersal and examined their effects on fine-scale spatial genetic structure, within the bird-pollinated shrub Banksia hookeriana (Proteaceae). We used 163 polymorphic lified fragment length polymorphism markers to assess genetic structure and pollen dispersal in a spatially discrete population of 112 plants covering 0.56 ha. Spatial autocorrelation analysis detected spatial genetic structure in the smallest distance class of 0-5 m (r=0.025), with no significant structure beyond 8 m. Experimentally quantified seed-dispersal distances for 337 seedlings showed a leptokurtic distribution around a median of 5 m, reaching a distance of 36 m. In marked contrast, patterns of pollen dispersal for 274 seeds departed strikingly from typical near-neighbour pollination, with a distribution largely corresponding to the spatial distribution of plants. We found very high multiple paternity, very low correlated paternity and an equal probability of siring for the 50 closest potential mates. Extensive pollen carryover was demonstrated by multiple siring in 83 of 86 (96.5%) two-seeded fruits. Highly mobile nectar-feeding birds facilitate this promiscuity through observed movements that were effectively random. As the incidence of bird-pollination is markedly greater in the Southwest Australian Floristic Region than elsewhere, our results have broad and novel significance for the evolution and conservation for many species in Gondwanan lineages.
Assessing the generality of global leaf trait relationships
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-02-2005
DOI: 10.1111/J.1469-8137.2005.01349.X
Abstract: Global-scale quantification of relationships between plant traits gives insight into the evolution of the world's vegetation, and is crucial for parameterizing vegetation-climate models. A database was compiled, comprising data for hundreds to thousands of species for the core 'leaf economics' traits leaf lifespan, leaf mass per area, photosynthetic capacity, dark respiration, and leaf nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, as well as leaf potassium, photosynthetic N-use efficiency (PNUE), and leaf N : P ratio. While mean trait values differed between plant functional types, the range found within groups was often larger than differences among them. Future vegetation-climate models could incorporate this knowledge. The core leaf traits were intercorrelated, both globally and within plant functional types, forming a 'leaf economics spectrum'. While these relationships are very general, they are not universal, as significant heterogeneity exists between relationships fitted to in idual sites. Much, but not all, heterogeneity can be explained by variation in s le size alone. PNUE can also be considered as part of this trait spectrum, whereas leaf K and N : P ratios are only loosely related.
Emus as non‐standard seed dispersers and their potential for long‐distance dispersal
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2006
Assessing the importance of seed immigration on coexistence of plant functional types in a species-rich ecosystem
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
Phylogenetic and phenotypic structure among Banksia communities in south‐western Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-10-2011
Temporal patterns of genetic variation across a 9‐year‐old aerial seed bank of the shrub Banksia hookeriana (Proteaceae)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-10-2005
A Cretaceous origin for fire adaptations in the Cape flora
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-10-2016
DOI: 10.1038/SREP34880
Abstract: Fire has had a profound effect on the evolution of worldwide biotas. The Cape Floristic Region is one of the world’s most species-rich regions, yet it is highly prone to recurrent fires and fire-adapted species contribute strongly to the overall flora. It is hypothesized that the current fire regimes in the Cape could be as old as 6–8 million years (My), while indirect evidence indicates that the onset of fire could have reached 18 million years ago (Ma). Here, we trace the origin of fire-dependent traits in two monocot families that are significant elements in the fire-prone Cape flora. Our analysis shows that fire-stimulated flowering originated in the Cape Haemodoraceae 81 Ma, while fire-stimulated germination arose in the African Restionaceae at least 70 Ma, implying that wildfires have been a significant force in the evolution of the Cape flora at least 60 My earlier than previous estimates. Our results provide strong evidence for the presence of fire adaptations in the Cape from the Cretaceous, leading to the extraordinary persistence of a fire-adapted flora in this bio ersity hotspot, and giving support to the hypothesis that Cretaceous fire was a global phenomenon that shaped the evolution of terrestrial floras.
Anthropogenic disturbance promotes hybridization between Banksia species by altering their biology
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-06-2003
DOI: 10.1046/J.1420-9101.2003.00548.X
Abstract: Putative hybrids between Banksia hookeriana and B. prionotes were identified among 12 of 106 populations of B. hookeriana located at or near anthropogenically disturbed sites, mainly roadways, but none in 156 undisturbed populations. Morphometrics and AFLP markers confirmed that a hybrid swarm existed in a selected disturbed habitat, whereas no intermediates were present where the two species co-occurred in undisturbed vegetation. In iduals of both species in disturbed habitats at 12 sites were more vigorous, with greater size and more flower heads than their counterparts in undisturbed vegetation. These more fecund plants also showed a shift in season and duration of flowering. By promoting earlier flowering of B. hookeriana plants and prolonging flowering of B. prionotes, anthropogenic disturbance broke the phenological barrier between these two species. We conclude that anthropogenic disturbance promotes hybridization through increasing opportunities for gene flow by reducing interpopulation separation, increasing gamete production and, especially, promoting coflowering.
Resistance and resilience to changing climate and fire regime depend on plant functional traits
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2014
Small-seeded Hakea species tolerate cotyledon loss better than large-seeded congeners
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 31-01-2017
DOI: 10.1038/SREP41520
Abstract: Six Hakea species varying greatly in seed size were selected for cotyledon damage experiments. The growth of seedlings with cotyledons partially or completely removed was monitored over 90 days. All seedlings perished by the fifth week when both cotyledons were removed irrespective of seed size. Partial removal of cotyledons caused a significant delay in the emergence of the first leaf, and reduction in root and shoot growth of the large-seeded species. The growth of seedlings of small-seeded species was less impacted by cotyledon damage. The rate of survival, root and shoot lengths and dry biomass of the seedlings were determined after 90 days. When seedlings were treated with balanced nutrient solutions following removal of the cotyledons, survival was 95–98%, but 0% when supplied with nutrient solutions lacking N or P or with water only. The addition of a balanced nutrient solution failed to restore complete growth of any species, but the rate of root elongation for the small-seeded species was maintained. Cotyledons provide nutrients to support early growth of Hakea seedlings, but other physiological roles for the cotyledons are also implicated. In conclusion, small-seeded Hakea species can tolerate cotyledons loss better than large-seeded species.
Genetic Variation and Biogeographic History in the Restricted Southwestern Australian Shrub,Banksia Hookeriana
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2003
Fire as a pre-emptive evolutionary trigger among seed plants
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
African geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-05-2017
Resprouting as a key functional trait: how buds, protection and resources drive persistence after fire
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-10-2012
DOI: 10.1111/NPH.12001
Abstract: Resprouting as a response to disturbance is now widely recognized as a key functional trait among woody plants and as the basis for the persistence niche. However, the underlying mechanisms that define resprouting responses to disturbance are poorly conceptualized. Resprouting ability is constrained by the interaction of the disturbance regime that depletes the buds and resources needed to fund resprouting, and the environment that drives growth and resource allocation. We develop a b uds‐ p rotection‐ r esources ( BPR ) framework for understanding resprouting in fire‐prone ecosystems, based on bud bank location, bud protection, and how buds are resourced. Using this framework we go beyond earlier emphases on basal resprouting and highlight the importance of apical, epicormic and below‐ground resprouting to the persistence niche. The BPR framework provides insights into: resprouting typologies that include both fire resisters (i.e. survive fire but do not resprout) and fire resprouters the methods by which buds escape fire effects, such as thick bark and the predictability of community assembly of resprouting types in relation to site productivity, disturbance regime and competition. Furthermore, predicting the consequences of global change is enhanced by the BPR framework because it potentially forecasts the retention or loss of above‐ground biomass. Contents Summary 19 I. Introduction 20 II. Resprouters rather than ‘sprouters’ 21 III. How do plants resprout? 21 IV. Life‐history consequences of resprouting 27 V. Environmental constraints on resprouting 28 VI. Resprouting, community patterns and assembly 29 VII. Global change, carbon storage and resprouting 30 VIII. Conclusions 31 Acknowledgements 31 References 32
Dispersal, edaphic fidelity and speciation in species‐rich Western Australian shrublands: evaluating a neutral model of biodiversity
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-08-2009
Record error and range contraction, real and imagined, in the restricted shrub Banksia hookeriana in south‐western Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-03-2007
DOI: 10.1111/J.1472-4642.2007.00348.X
Abstract: Banksia hookeriana Meissn. (Proteaceae) is a fire‐killed shrub endemic to the northern sandplains of south‐western Australia that could be described as endangered based on its small geographical range ( 5000 km 2 ) and area of occupancy (∼500 km 2 ). Impacts on the species’ geographical range by land clearance for farming and mining, and by altered fire regime, were investigated using three lines of evidence: records of herbarium collections, a comprehensive field survey of extant populations, and air photo and satellite images revealing the recent history of land clearance and fires. These show that the species’ range has contracted by up to 40% in area and 26% latitudinally through the loss of outlier and range limit populations since 1960. In addition, 22% of remaining native shrubland on the Eneabba sandplain has been lost over this period through clearing for farming and mining, representing further habitat loss for B. hookeriana . Detailed investigation of B . hookeriana herbarium collections ( n = 46) revealed important errors that artificially affected the geographical range of the species and emphasized the importance of close examination of all data captured from collection records. Recorded locations occurred hundreds of kilometres outside the current geographical range of the species in areas with different climate and substrate. Incorrect species identification of herbarium specimens further extended the apparent geographical range of the species. On the other hand, credible records indicated the loss of the species from localities at the limits of its range. Overall, a disconcertingly high proportion of records contained errors that may be difficult to identify without close examination of the original collections and detailed ground‐truthing. Were these records to be used to model climate envelopes, identify potential habitat where the species might occur, or might migrate to either as pests or under climate change scenarios, or to analyse evolutionary or ecological theory (for ex le) — as is now becoming commonplace — large errors may ensue.
Ants cannot account for interpopulation dispersal of the arillate pea Daviesia triflora
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-11-2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1469-8137.2008.02686.X
Abstract: Estimating distances and rates of seed dispersal, especially long-distance dispersal (LDD), is critical for understanding the dynamics of patchily distributed populations and species' range shifts in response to environmental change. Daviesia triflora (Papilionaceae) is an ant-dispersed shrub. The ant Rhytidoponera violacea was recorded dispersing its seeds to a maximum distance of 4.7 m, and in more intensive trials seeds of a related species from the study area, to a maximum of 8.1 m. Microsatellite DNA markers and population assignment tests identified interpopulation immigrants among 764 plants on 23 adjacent dunes bearing D. triflora, and 13 interpopulation seed dispersal (LDD) events (1.7%) were inferred. The distance between source and sink populations ranged from 410 m to 2350 m (mean 1260 m). These distances exceed ant dispersal distances by two to three orders of magnitude but are comparable with previous measurements of LDD for two co-occurring wing-seeded (wind-dispersed) species from the same system. The observed distances of seed dispersal in this arillate species demonstrate the significance of nonstandard dispersal mechanisms in LDD and the independence of these from primary dispersal syndromes. The likely role of emus in dispersal of the many 'ant-dispersed' species in Australia is discussed.
Adaptive advantages of aerial seed banks
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2000
Conservation requirements of an exploited wildflower: modelling the effects of plant age, growing conditions and harvesting intensity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2001
Adaptive responses to directional trait selection in the Miocene enabled Cape proteas to colonize the savanna grasslands
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-04-2013
Fire-Proneness as a Prerequisite for the Evolution of Fire-Adapted Traits
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.TPLANTS.2016.11.004
Abstract: Fire as a major evolutionary force has been disputed because it is considered to lack supporting evidence. If a trait has evolved in response to selection by fire then the environment of the plant must have been fire-prone before the appearance of that trait. Using outcomes of trait assignments applied to molecular phylogenies for fire-stimulated flowering, seed-release, and germination, in this Opinion article we show that fire-proneness precedes, or rarely coincides with, the evolution of these fire-adapted traits. In addition, fire remains central to understanding germination promoted by smoke among species occurring in non-fire-prone environments because of the historical association of their clade with fire. Fire-mimicking selection and associated exaptations have no place in understanding the evolution of fire-adapted traits because we find no support for any reversal in the fire-trait sequence through time.
Biomass and litter accumulation patterns in species-rich shrublands for fire hazard assessment
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1071/WF13006
Abstract: Fuel age is an imprecise surrogate for fire hazard in species-rich Mediterranean-type shrublands. We present an efficient method for aerial biomass and litter estimation of shrublands on sandy and calcareous substrates in south-western Australia that enables fuel accumulation patterns to be compared independently of vegetation age. For sites ranging 3–16 years since last fire, total available fuel loads were 2.7–7.6tha–1 for the sandplain and 2.6–8.14tha–1 for the calcareous shrublands. Despite calcareous shrublands having higher soil nutrient concentrations and winter rainfall, total available fuel loads were similar between community types over the range of fuel ages examined. Sandplain biomass was dominated by resprouters and calcareous sites, by non-sprouters. Topographic variation in fuel loads was observed among sandplain sites, with greater available biomass and litter on the deeper sands of dunes compared to swales. More rapid fuel accumulation at the youngest sites and more uniform canopy structure in the calcareous shrublands indicate that they have the potential to support fire at shorter intervals than the sandplain. For each community type, an allometric equation based on the relationship between average maximum plant height and total available fuel was derived that enables rapid estimation of fuel loads that is more accurate than using fuel age.
AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-09-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41597-021-01006-6
Abstract: We introduce the AusTraits database - a compilation of values of plant traits for taxa in the Australian flora (hereafter AusTraits). AusTraits synthesises data on 448 traits across 28,640 taxa from field c aigns, published literature, taxonomic monographs, and in idual taxon descriptions. Traits vary in scope from physiological measures of performance (e.g. photosynthetic gas exchange, water-use efficiency) to morphological attributes (e.g. leaf area, seed mass, plant height) which link to aspects of ecological variation. AusTraits contains curated and harmonised in idual- and species-level measurements coupled to, where available, contextual information on site properties and experimental conditions. This article provides information on version 3.0.2 of AusTraits which contains data for 997,808 trait-by-taxon combinations. We envision AusTraits as an ongoing collaborative initiative for easily archiving and sharing trait data, which also provides a template for other national or regional initiatives globally to fill persistent gaps in trait knowledge.
Long‐distance seed dispersal in a metapopulation of Banksia hookeriana inferred from a population allocation analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism data
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-02-2004
Combustion temperatures and nutrient transfers when grasstrees burn
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Resprouters, assisted by somatic mutations, are as genetically diverse as nonsprouters in the world's fire-prone ecosystems
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Long‐distance dispersal of seeds in the fire‐tolerant shrub Banksia attenuata
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2009
Patchy plant distribution promotes invasion by exotics in south‐western Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-03-2008
Fire-adapted Gondwanan Angiosperm floras evolved in the Cretaceous
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2012
Bird pollinators, seed storage and cockatoo granivores explain large woody fruits as best seed defense in Hakea
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Banksia born to burn
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-03-2011
DOI: 10.1111/J.1469-8137.2011.03663.X
Abstract: See also the Commentary by Midgley and Bond
Species-Specific Traits plus Stabilizing Processes Best Explain Coexistence in Biodiverse Fire-Prone Plant Communities
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 29-05-2013
Preface
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1071/BTV47N4_PR
Abstract: This issue of Australian Journal of Botany sees the first in a new series of scholarly reviews to be called the .Turner Reviews. in honour of John Stewart Turner, Ph.D. (Cantab.), FAA (1908.1991). John Turner was Professor of Botany and Plant Physiology at The University of Melbourne from 1938 to 1973. He was a foundation member of the Advisory Committee of the Australian Journal of Botany. The present Advisory Committee initiated the Turner Reviews in recognition of Turner.s wide-reaching influences on several generations of botanists and conservationists in Australia (see Rowan and Ashton, this volume). The Turner Reviews aim to provide critical, state-of-the-art evaluations that advance our knowledge in current, key areas of botanical research. The Turner Reviews will be commissioned by invitation, and will be numbered in sequence. A number of free reprints in a distinctive cover will be provided free of charge to authors. A Reviews Subcommittee has been formed to select authors and to oversee the refereeing process. The members are Dr Peter Attiwill, Dr Marilyn Ball and Professor Byron Lamont. We would greatly appreciate advice and suggestions on prospective reviewers for this important new series. Peter Attiwill School of Botany The University of Melbourne Parkville, Vic. 3052 Phone 03 9344 5068 Fax 03 9344 6857 Email p.attiwill@botany.unimelb.edu.au Marilyn Ball Australian National University Research School of Biological Sciences GPO Box 475 Canberra ACT 0200 Phone 02 6249 5057 Fax 02 6249 5095 Email mball@rsbs-central.anu.edu.au Byron Lamont School of Environmental Biology Curtin University of Technology GPO Box U 1987 Perth WA 6001 Phone 08 9266 7784 Fax 08 9266 2495 Email rlamontb@cc.curtin.edu.au
Genetic connectivity and inter-population seed dispersal of Banksia hookeriana at the landscape scale
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 19-07-2010
DOI: 10.1093/AOB/MCQ140
Post-Fire Litter Microsites: Safe for Seeds, Unsafe for Seedlings
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-1993
DOI: 10.2307/1939311
Evolutionary history of fire‐stimulated resprouting, flowering, seed release and germination
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-11-2018
DOI: 10.1111/BRV.12483
Abstract: Fire has shaped the evolution of many plant traits in fire-prone environments: fire-resistant tissues with heat-insulated meristems, post-fire resprouting or fire-killed but regenerating from stored seeds, fire-stimulated flowering, release of on-plant-stored seeds, and germination of soil-stored seeds. Flowering, seed release and germination fit into three categories of response to intensifying fire: fire not required, weakly fire-adapted or strongly fire-adapted. Resprouting also has three categories but survival is always reduced by increasing fire intensity. We collated 286 records for 20 angiosperm and two gymnosperm families and 50 trait assignments to dated phylogenies. We placed these into three fire-adapted trait types: those associated with the origin of their clade and the onset of fire-proneness [primary ersification, contributing 20% of speciation events over the last 120 million years (My)], those originating much later coincident with a change in the fire regime (secondary ersification, 30%), and those conserved in the daughter lineage as already adapted to the fire regime (stabilisation, 50%). All four fire-response types could be traced to >100 My ago (Mya) with pyrogenic flowering slightly younger because of its dependence on resprouting. There was no evidence that resprouting was always an older trait than either seed storage or non-sprouting throughout this period, with either/both ancestral or derived in different clades and times. Fire-adapted traits evolved slowly in the Cretaceous, 120-65 Mya, and rapidly but fitfully in the Cenozoic, 65-0 Mya, peaking over the last 20 My. The four trait-types climaxed at different times, with the peak in resprouter speciation over the last 5 My attributable to fluctuating growing conditions and increasing savanna grasslands unsuitable for non-sprouters. All experienced a trough in the 40-30-Mya period following a reduction in world temperatures and oxygen levels and expected reduced fire activity. Thick bark and serotiny arose in the Mid-Cretaceous among extant Pinaceae. Heat-stimulated germination of hard seeds is ancestral in the 103-My-old Fabales. Smoke-(karrikin)-stimulated germination of non-hard seeds is even older, and includes the 101-My-old Restionaceae-Anarthriaceae. A smoke/karrikin response is detectable in some fire-free lineages that prove to have a fire-prone ancestry. Among clades that are predominantly fire-prone, absence of fire-related traits is the advanced condition, associated either with increased fire frequency (loss of serotiny and soil storage), or migration to fire-free habitats (loss of thick bark, pyrogenic flowering, serotiny or soil storage). Protea (Africa) and Hakea (Australia) illustrate the importance of stabilisation processes between resprouting/non-sprouting in accounting for speciation events over the last 20 My and highlight the frequent interchange possible between these two traits. Apart from Pinus, most ancestral trait reconstruction relative to fire has been conducted on predominantly Southern Hemisphere clades and this needs to be redressed. Despite these limitations, it is clear that fire has had a profound effect on fire-related trait evolution worldwide, and set the platform for subsequent evolution of many non-fire-related traits. Genetics of the triggering mechanisms remain poorly understood, except the karrikin system for smoke-stimulated germination. We exhort biologists to include fire-proneness and fire-related traits in their thinking on possible factors controlling the evolution of plants.
The ecological significance of canopy seed storage in fire‐prone environments: a model for resprouting shrubs
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-1998
LMA , density and thickness: recognizing different leaf shapes and correcting for their nonlaminarity
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-05-2015
DOI: 10.1111/NPH.13465
Polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for Banksia hookeriana (Proteaceae)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-10-2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1755-0998.2008.02348.X
Abstract: We developed 11 polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for an Australian native shrub Banksia hookeriana (Proteaceae). The number of alleles per locus in 37 in iduals varied from three to 17, observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.297 to 0.838 and from 0.279 to 0.900, respectively. Two loci (BH-B5 and BH-B107) showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.05), and null alleles may be present at these two loci. All loci showed independent inheritance.
Low-dimensional trade-offs fail to explain richness and structure in species-rich plant communities
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-10-2010
Canopy seed storage in woody plants
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-1991
DOI: 10.1007/BF02858770
Fitness and evolution of resprouters in relation to fire
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-10-2011
When did a Mediterranean-type climate originate in southwestern Australia?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Performance of nonparametric species richness estimators in a high diversity plant community
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2003
Nearest‐neighbour interactions in species‐rich shrublands: the roles of abundance, spatial patterns and resources
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-01-2009
Species versus genotypic diversity of a nitrogen‐fixing plant functional group in a metacommunity
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2009
Stochastic geometry best explains spatial associations among species pairs and plant functional types in species‐rich shrublands
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-06-2013
AusTraits – a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 07-01-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.04.425314
Abstract: We introduce the AusTraits database - a compilation of measurements of plant traits for taxa in the Australian flora (hereafter AusTraits). AusTraits synthesises data on 375 traits across 29230 taxa from field c aigns, published literature, taxonomic monographs, and in idual taxa descriptions. Traits vary in scope from physiological measures of performance (e.g. photosynthetic gas exchange, water-use efficiency) to morphological parameters (e.g. leaf area, seed mass, plant height) which link to aspects of ecological variation. AusTraits contains curated and harmonised in idual-, species- and genus-level observations coupled to, where available, contextual information on site properties. This data descriptor provides information on version 2.1.0 of AusTraits which contains data for 937243 trait-by-taxa combinations. We envision AusTraits as an ongoing collaborative initiative for easily archiving and sharing trait data to increase our collective understanding of the Australian flora.
Late Quaternary climate change and spatial genetic structure in the shrub Banksia hookeriana
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-03-2006
Dealing with ‘the spectre of spurious correlations': hazards in comparing ratios and other derived variables with a randomization test to determine if a biological interpretation is justified
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-09-2021
DOI: 10.1111/OIK.08575
Abstract: We note the continuing widespread use of regressions of mathematically dependent (derived or confounded) variables [e.g. comparisons of standardized ratios: X/Y versus Z/Y, or the part versus the whole: X versus (X + Y)] in all disciplines of biology and ecology. These may lead to ‘spurious' correlations as even random numbers would produce similarly statistically significant results. We developed a randomization test to determine the probability of obtaining the observed correlation coefficient by chance alone. Only if the regression remains statistically significant after the results of the randomization test are taken into account (random coefficient subtracted from the observed coefficient) is any sort of biological interpretation justified. We demonstrate that the often compared expressions, ln[(Y + X)/X] (e.g. relative growth rate) versus lnX (e.g. original mass), are negatively and significantly correlated whatever values of X and Y are used thus, conclusions from such comparisons that seedlings from smaller seeds grow faster than from larger seeds are spurious. Derived variables are only likely to be meaningfully correlated if X and Y are correlated from the outset and the researcher can then decide if the ‘actual' derived relationship is worth reporting.
Regional and local (road verge) effects on size and fecundity in Banksia menziesii
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-07-2006
Community‐level spatial structure supports a model of stochastic geometry in species‐rich shrublands
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-12-2016
DOI: 10.1111/OIK.03680
Seed Size, Fecundity and Postfire Regeneration Strategy Are Interdependent in Hakea
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 02-06-2015
Contrasting spatial pattern and pattern-forming processes in natural vs. restored shrublands
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-04-2010
Distribution of myrmecochorous species over the landscape and their potential long‐distance dispersal by emus and kangaroos
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-07-2007
Polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for Daviesia triflora (Papilionaceae)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-10-2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1755-0998.2008.02286.X
Abstract: We developed 11 polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for an Australian native plant, Daviesia triflora. The number of alleles per locus in 40 in iduals varied from four to 19, and observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.450 to 0.925 and from 0.497 to 0.899, respectively. Nine loci showed no significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05), and null alleles appear to exist at loci DT-A102 and DT-B103. All loci showed independent inheritance.
Anomalies in grasstree fire history reconstructions for south‐western Australian vegetation: Reply from Enright N. J., Lamont B. B. and Miller B. P.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-08-2006
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