ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9486-8238
Current Organisation
INRAE Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
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Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-2017
Abstract: The efficiency with which ruminants convert feed to desirable products is difficult to measure under normal commercial settings. We explored the use of potential biological markers from easily obtainable s les, that is, blood, hair, and feces, to characterize potential causes of ergent efficiency when considered as residual feed intake (RFI) or feed conversion efficiency (FCE). A total of 54 Charolais bulls, 20 in period 1 and 34 in period 2, were examined for in idual dry matter intake (DMI) and growth. Bulls were offered a diet of 70:30 wrapped grass silage to concentrate for 99 d. At the conclusion of the test period, blood s les were collected for the determination of vitamins B
Publisher: American Dairy Science Association
Date: 06-2014
Abstract: The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of feeding ethyl-3-nitrooxy propionate (E3NP) and 3-nitrooxypropanol (3 NP), 2 recently developed compounds with potential antimethanogenic activity, in vitro and in vivo in nonlactating sheep on ruminal methane production, fermentation pattern, the abundance of major microbial groups, and feed degradability. Three experiments were conducted, 1 in vitro and 2 in vivo. The in vitro batch culture trial (experiment 1) tested 2 doses of E3NP and 3 NP (40 and 80 μL/L), which showed a substantial reduction of methane production (up to 95%) without affecting concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA). The 2 in vivo trials were conducted over 16 d (experiment 2) and 30 d (experiment 3) to study their effects in sheep. In experiment 2, 6 adult nonpregnant sheep, with permanent rumen cannula and fed alfalfa hay and oats (60:40), were treated with E3NP at 2 doses (50 and 500 mg/animal per day). After 7, 14, and 15 d of treatment, methane emissions were recorded in respiration chambers and rumen fluid s les were collected for VFA analysis and quantification of bacterial, protozoal, and archaeal numbers by real-time PCR. Methane production decreased by 29% compared with the control with the higher dose of E3NP on d 14 to 15. A decrease in the acetate:propionate ratio was observed without detrimental effects on dry matter intake. In experiment 3, 9 adult nonpregnant sheep, with permanent rumen cannula and fed with alfalfa hay and oats (60:40), were treated with E3NP or 3 NP at one dose (100mg/animal per day) over 30 d. On d 14 and d 29 to 30, methane emissions were recorded in respiration chambers. Rumen fluid s les were collected on d 29 and 30 for VFA analysis and quantification of bacterial, protozoal, and archaeal numbers by real-time PCR. In addition, on d 22 and 23, s les of oats and alfalfa hay were incubated in the rumen of sheep to determine dry matter ruminal degradation over 24 and 48 h, respectively no effect was observed (78.6, 78.3, and 78.8% of alfalfa and 74.2, 74.0, and 70.6% of oats in control, E3NP, and 3 NP groups, respectively). A reduction in methane production was observed for both additives at d 14 and d 29 to 30. In both treatments, the acetate:propionate ratio was significantly decreased. Likewise, total concentrations of the analyzed microbial groups in the rumen showed no difference among treatments and doses for both experiments. Both tested compounds showed promise as methane inhibitors in the rumen, with no detrimental effects on fermentation or intake, which would need to be confirmed in lactating animals.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-04-2018
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 13-09-2023
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 05-06-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-22103-4
Abstract: The use of biomarkers for feed conversion efficiency (FCE), such as Nitrogen isotopic discrimination (Δ 15 N), facilitates easier measurement and may be useful in breeding strategies. However, we need to better understand the relationship between FCE and Δ 15 N, particularly the effects of differences in the composition of liveweight gain and rumen N metabolism. Alongside measurements of FCE and Δ 15 N, we estimated changes in body composition and used dietary treatments with and without nitrates, and rumen metagenomics to explore these effects. Nitrate fed steers had reduced FCE and higher Δ 15 N in plasma compared to steers offered non-nitrate containing diets. The negative relationship between FCE and Δ 15 N was strengthened with the inclusion of fat depth change at the 3 rd lumbar vertebrae, but not with average daily gain. We identified 1,700 microbial genes with a relative abundance .01% of which, 26 were associated with Δ 15 N. These genes explained 69% of variation in Δ 15 N and showed clustering in two distinct functional networks. However, there was no clear relationship between their relative abundances and Δ 15 N, suggesting that rumen microbial genes contribute little to Δ 15 N. Conversely, we show that changes in the composition of gain (fat accretion) provide additional strength to the relationship between FCE and Δ 15 N.
No related grants have been discovered for Gonzalo CANTALAPIEDRA-HIJAR.