ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7143-4939
Current Organisations
The Francis Crick Institute
,
University of Southampton
,
海洋研究開発機構
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Publications
Dataset for the establishment of an age model of marine sediment core KH19-6 Leg.4 PC10/MC14 collected from the Agulhas Ridge in the South Atlantic Ocean
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
Rapid decline in pH of coral calcification fluid due to incorporation of anthropogenic CO2
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-08-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-07680-0
Abstract: Marine calcifying organisms, such as stony corals, are under threat by rapid ocean acidification (OA) arising from the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO 2 . To better understand how organisms and ecosystems will adapt to or be damaged by the resulting environmental changes, field observations are crucial. Here, we show clear evidence, based on boron isotopic ratio (δ 11 B) measurements, that OA is affecting the pH of the calcification fluid (pH CF ) in Porites corals within the western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre at two separate locations, Chichijima Island (Ogasawara Archipelago) and Kikaijima Island. Corals from each location have displayed a rapid decline in δ 11 B since 1960. A comparison with the pH of the ambient seawater (pH SW ) near these islands, estimated from a large number of shipboard measurements of seawater CO 2 chemistry and atmospheric CO 2 , indicates that pH CF is sensitive to changes in pH SW. This suggests that the calcification fluid of corals will become less supersaturated with respect to aragonite by the middle of this century (pH CF = ~8.3 when pH SW = ~8.0 in 2050), earlier than previously expected, despite the pH CF -upregulating mechanism of corals.
Equatorial Pacific seawater pCO2 variability since the last glacial period
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-09-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-49739-0
Abstract: The ocean may have played a central role in the atmospheric p CO 2 rise during the last deglaciation. However, evidence on where carbon was exchanged between the ocean and the atmosphere in this period is still lacking, h ering our understanding of global carbon cycle on glacial–interglacial timescales. Here we report a new surface seawater p CO 2 reconstruction for the western equatorial Pacific Ocean based on boron isotope analysis—a seawater p CO 2 proxy—using two species of near-surface dwelling foraminifera from the same marine sediment core. The results indicate that the region remained a modest CO 2 sink throughout the last deglaciation.
Larger CO2 source at the equatorial Pacific during the last deglaciation
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-06-2014
DOI: 10.1038/SREP05261
Abstract: While biogeochemical and physical processes in the Southern Ocean are thought to be central to atmospheric CO 2 rise during the last deglaciation, the role of the equatorial Pacific, where the largest CO 2 source exists at present, remains largely unconstrained. Here we present seawater pH and pCO 2 variations from fossil Porites corals in the mid equatorial Pacific offshore Tahiti based on a newly calibrated boron isotope paleo-pH proxy. Our new data, together with recalibrated existing data, indicate that a significant pCO 2 increase (pH decrease), accompanied by anomalously large marine 14 C reservoir ages, occurred following not only the Younger Dryas, but also Heinrich Stadial 1. These findings indicate an expanded zone of equatorial upwelling and resultant CO 2 emission, which may be derived from higher subsurface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration.
Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 27-07-2018
DOI: 10.1002/BJS5.86
Association between peri‐operative angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin‐2 receptor blockers and acute kidney injury in major elective non‐cardiac surgery: a multicentre, prospectiv
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-07-2018
DOI: 10.1111/ANAE.14349
Abstract: The peri-operative use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-2 receptor blockers is thought to be associated with an increased risk of postoperative acute kidney injury. To reduce this risk, these agents are commonly withheld during the peri-operative period. This study aimed to investigate if withholding angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-2 receptor blockers peri-operatively reduces the risk of acute kidney injury following major non-cardiac surgery. Patients undergoing elective major surgery on the gastrointestinal tract and/or the liver were eligible for inclusion in this prospective study. The primary outcome was the development of acute kidney injury within seven days of operation. Adjusted multi-level models were used to account for centre-level effects and propensity score matching was used to reduce the effects of selection bias between treatment groups. A total of 949 patients were included from 160 centres across the UK and Republic of Ireland. From this population, 573 (60.4%) patients had their angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-2 receptor blockers withheld during the peri-operative period. One hundred and seventy-five (18.4%) patients developed acute kidney injury there was no difference in the incidence of acute kidney injury between patients who had their angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-2 receptor blockers continued or withheld (107 (18.7%) vs. 68 (18.1%), respectively p = 0.914). Following propensity matching, withholding angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-2 receptor blockers did not demonstrate a protective effect against the development of postoperative acute kidney injury (OR (95%CI) 0.89 (0.58-1.34) p = 0.567).
Body mass index and complications following major gastrointestinal surgery: a prospective, international cohort study and meta‐analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-07-2018
DOI: 10.1111/CODI.14292
Abstract: Previous studies reported conflicting evidence on the effects of obesity on outcomes after gastrointestinal surgery. The aims of this study were to explore the relationship of obesity with major postoperative complications in an international cohort and to present a meta-analysis of all available prospective data. This prospective, multicentre study included adults undergoing both elective and emergency gastrointestinal resection, reversal of stoma or formation of stoma. The primary end-point was 30-day major complications (Clavien-Dindo Grades III-V). A systematic search was undertaken for studies assessing the relationship between obesity and major complications after gastrointestinal surgery. In idual patient meta-analysis was used to analyse pooled results. This study included 2519 patients across 127 centres, of whom 560 (22.2%) were obese. Unadjusted major complication rates were lower in obese vs normal weight patients (13.0% vs 16.2%, respectively), but this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.863) on multivariate analysis for patients having surgery for either malignant or benign conditions. In idual patient meta-analysis demonstrated that obese patients undergoing surgery for malignancy were at increased risk of major complications (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.49-2.96, P < 0.001), whereas obese patients undergoing surgery for benign indications were at decreased risk (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46-0.75, P < 0.001) compared to normal weight patients. In our international data, obesity was not found to be associated with major complications following gastrointestinal surgery. Meta-analysis of available prospective data made a novel finding of obesity being associated with different outcomes depending on whether patients were undergoing surgery for benign or malignant disease.
Perioperative intravenous contrast administration and the incidence of acute kidney injury after major gastrointestinal surgery: prospective, multicentre cohort study
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-02-2020
DOI: 10.1002/BJS.11453
Abstract: This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast for CT and the risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. This prospective, multicentre cohort study included adults undergoing gastrointestinal resection, stoma reversal or liver resection. Both elective and emergency procedures were included. Preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast was defined as exposure to contrast administered for the purposes of CT up to 7 days before surgery. The primary endpoint was the rate of AKI within 7 days. Propensity score-matched models were adjusted for patient, disease and operative variables. In a sensitivity analysis, a propensity score-matched model explored the association between preoperative exposure to contrast and AKI in the first 48 h after surgery. A total of 5378 patients were included across 173 centres. Overall, 1249 patients (23·2 per cent) received intravenous contrast. The overall rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery was 13·4 per cent (718 of 5378). In the propensity score-matched model, preoperative exposure to contrast was not associated with AKI within 7 days (odds ratio (OR) 0·95, 95 per cent c.i. 0·73 to 1·21 P = 0·669). The sensitivity analysis showed no association between preoperative contrast administration and AKI within 48 h after operation (OR 1·09, 0·84 to 1·41 P = 0·498). There was no association between preoperative intravenous contrast administered for CT up to 7 days before surgery and postoperative AKI. Risk of contrast-induced nephropathy should not be used as a reason to avoid contrast-enhanced CT.
Data report: radiocarbon age of planktonic foraminifera collected at Site U1474, Natal Valley, IODP Expedition 361
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 30-03-2023
Related Organisations
The Francis Crick Institute
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
University Of Southampton
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Institute For Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Location: Japan
Atmosphere And Ocean Research Institute, The University Of Tokyo
Location: Japan
Japan Society For The Promotion Of Science
Location: No location found
University College London
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
University College London Medical School
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Royal College Of Surgeons Of England
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Related Funding Activities
No related grants have been discovered for Rahul Bhome.