ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4273-8105
Current Organisations
Deakin University - Melbourne Burwood Campus
,
Monash University
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-04-2022
Abstract: All‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) using organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are promising candidates to overcome the inherent safety issues of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Although OIPCs have excellent process applicability in the roll‐to‐roll electrode fabrication process, their application as solid electrolytes incorporated in composite electrodes has yet to be demonstrated in detail. Herein, we denote the positive effect of the N ‐ethyl‐ N ‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ([C 2 mpyr][FSI]) incorporated within a composite graphite anode on the charge rate capability and cycle life. The highest charge capacity ratio (the charge capacity at 2C vs. that measured at 0.1C) was measured for the composite anode with an OIPC composite ratio of 50 wt % (89.5 %, 295.7 mAh/g at 2C charge), almost the same as that of the graphite anode with a liquid electrolyte (85.7 %, 295.9 mAh/g at 2C charge). More favorable lithium‐ion conduction pathways were resolved for the anode with a higher OIPC composite ratio, whereas an excessive amount of OIPC reduced the long‐term cyclability. The most stable discharge capacity retention was obtained for 30 wt % OIPC composite (257.4 mAh/g at the 100th discharge), which showed no signs of discharge capacity fading within 100 cycles. The lithiation/delithiation process of the solid‐state graphite‐[C 2 mpyr][FSI] composite anode was evaluated to be stable and reversible. In addition, the incorporated OIPC composite enhanced the electrolyte/electrode and electrode/current collector contacts. This work highlights multiple advantageous functions of the OIPC in a composite graphite anode, which will broaden our horizons for the use of OIPC composites in ASSBs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-07-2023
DOI: 10.3390/MOLECULES28145568
Abstract: Corrosion is a significant problem that negatively affects a wide range of structures and buildings, resulting in their premature failure, which causes safety hazards and significant economic loss. For this reason, various approaches have been developed to prevent or minimize the effects of corrosion, including corrosion inhibitors. Recently, biobased inhibitors have gained a certain interest thanks to their unique properties, eco-friendliness, and availability. Among all the green precursors, lignin is of particular interest, being a natural polymer that can be obtained from different sources including agricultural residues. Corrosion inhibitors based on ionic liquids (ILs) also present interesting advantages, such as low volatility and high tunability. If combined, it may be possible to obtain new lignin-based ILs that present interesting corrosion inhibitor properties. In this work, the inhibition properties of new biobased lignin ILs and the influence of anions and cations on the corrosion of mild steel in an aqueous solution of 0.01 M NaCl were investigated by Potentiostatic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (PEIS) and Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization (CPP). Moreover, the surface was characterized using SEM, EDS, and optical profilometry. The IL choline syringate showed promising performance, reducing the corrosion current after 24 h immersion in 0.01 M sodium chloride, from 1.66 µA/cm2 for the control to 0.066 µA/cm2 with 10 mM of the IL present. In addition to its performance as a corrosion inhibitor, both components of this IL also meet or exceed the current additional desired properties of such compounds, being readily available, and well tolerated in organisms and the environment.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-11-2014
DOI: 10.1021/AM505985Z
Abstract: With the surge of interest in miniaturized implanted medical devices (IMDs), implantable power sources with small dimensions and biocompatibility are in high demand. Implanted battery/supercapacitor devices are commonly packaged within a case that occupies a large volume, making miniaturization difficult. In this study, we demonstrate a polymer electrolyte-enabled biocompatible magnesium-air battery device with a total thickness of approximately 300 μm. It consists of a biocompatible polypyrrole-para(toluene sulfonic acid) cathode and a bioresorbable magnesium alloy anode. The biocompatible electrolyte used is made of choline nitrate (ionic liquid) embedded in a biopolymer, chitosan. This polymer electrolyte is mechanically robust and offers a high ionic conductivity of 8.9 × 10(-3) S cm(-1). The assembled battery delivers a maximum volumetric power density of 3.9 W L(-1), which is sufficient to drive some types of IMDs, such as cardiac pacemakers or biomonitoring systems. This miniaturized, biocompatible magnesium-air battery may pave the way to a future generation of implantable power sources.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 10-01-2022
DOI: 10.3389/FBIOE.2021.803610
Abstract: Carbon steel pipelines used in the oil and gas industry can be susceptible to the combined presence of deposits and microorganisms, which can result in a complex phenomenon, recently termed under-deposit microbial corrosion (UDMC). UDMC and its inhibition in CO 2 ambiance were investigated in real-time using a multi-electrode array (MEA) system and surface profilometry analysis. Maps from corrosion rates, galvanic currents, and corrosion potentials recorded at each microelectrode allowed the visualization of local corrosion events on the steel surface. A marine bacterium Enterobacter roggenk ii , an iron-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing microorganism, generated iron deposits on the surface that resulted in pitting corrosion under anaerobic conditions. Areas under deposits displayed anodic behavior, more negative potentials, higher corrosion rates, and pitting compared to areas outside deposits. In the presence of the organic film-forming corrosion inhibitor, 2-Mercaptopyrimidine, the marine bacterium induced local breakdown of the protective inhibitor film and subsequent pitting corrosion of carbon steel. The ability of the MEA system to locally measure self-corrosion processes, galvanic effects and, corrosion potentials across the surface demonstrated its suitability to detect, evaluate and monitor the UDMC process as well as the efficiency of corrosion inhibitors to prevent this corrosion phenomenon. This research highlights the importance of incorporating the microbial component to corrosion inhibitors evaluation to ensure chemical effectiveness in the likely scenario of deposit formation and microbial contamination in oil and gas production equipment.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-02-2021
DOI: 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.13719649.V1
Abstract: High strength steel in marine environments suffers from severe corrosion susceptibility and the presence of bacteria can exacerbate the effect, accelerating degradation via microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Here we propose a novel approach to MIC inhibition by designing a system capable of limiting the effects of both bacteria growth and corrosion. The combination of a newly synthesised compound, cetrimonium 4-hydroxycinnamate, with lanthanum 4-hydroxycinnamate was the only system tested to date that could both inhibit abiotic corrosion in artificial seawater and minimise bacteria consortium densities over an exposure period of 24 hours. The electrochemical data for the La+Cet mixture demonstrated the significant inhibition of both abiotic corrosion to a level similar to La(4OHCin) 3 , as well as the ability to reduce bacteria densities of single strains and a consortium. This is unlike the La+CetNal mixture which accelerated abiotic corrosion and the La+IMI which had an insignificant effect on microbial densities (Catubig et al. 2020). A compatible mixture of ionic inhibitors was achieved by using the same cinnamate anion. This mixture of Cet-4OHCin and La(4OHCin) 3 demonstrated significant abiotic corrosion inhibition and bacteria density reductions, making it a strong candidate as an MIC inhibitor system for 80HLES. The Cet-4OHCin compound and its mixture with La(4OHCin) 3 retained relatively low sensitivity towards skin and intestinal cells, making it a safer and more attractive alternative than other more hazardous corrosion inhibitor materials.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/CH06304
Abstract: One of the main characteristics that are attributed to ionic liquids (especially those with a low melting point) is that the anions comprising the ionic liquids possess a certain degree of charge delocalization as compared to anions in traditional molten salts. Based on the proton affinity equilibrium we proposed a new energetic criterion that can be used as a measure of charge delocalization. The proposed proton affinity comparison quantifies the extent to which ionic liquid anions are delocalized. Thus it should lead to a better understanding towards the design of task-specific ionic liquids. Therefore, this criterion can be applied to newly designed anions to assure that the extent of charge delocalization falls within the same range of values on the proton affinity scale as other commonly used ionic liquid anions.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-01-2020
Abstract: With increasing demands for safe, high capacity energy storage to support personal electronics, newer devices such as unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as the commercialization of electric vehicles, current energy storage technologies are facing increased challenges. Although alternative batteries have been intensively investigated, lithium (Li) batteries are still recognized as the preferred energy storage solution for the consumer electronics markets and next generation automobiles. However, the commercialized Li batteries still have disadvantages, such as low capacities, potential safety issues, and unfavorable cycling life. Therefore, the design and development of electromaterials toward high-energy-density, long-life-span Li batteries with improved safety is a focus for researchers in the field of energy materials. Herein, recent advances in the development of novel organic electrolytes are summarized toward solid-state Li batteries with higher energy density and improved safety. On the basis of new insights into ionic conduction and design principles of organic-based solid-state electrolytes, specific strategies toward developing these electrolytes for Li metal anodes, high-energy-density cathode materials (e.g., high voltage materials), as well as the optimization of cathode formulations are outlined. Finally, prospects for next generation solid-state electrolytes are also proposed.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1SE00724F
Abstract: Anode-free lithium metal batteries based on ionic liquid electrolytes offer an excellent pathway to significantly boost the energy density and specific energy over current lithium-ion technology by eliminating the anode material during cell assembly.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 13-06-2014
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-09-2017
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/B925501J
Abstract: Analysis of N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate by (1)H and (11)B NMR, Raman spectroscopy and powder XRD shows that this organic ionic plastic crystal material exhibits unusual phase behaviour. (1)H NMR analysis indicates that the mobility of the pyrrolidinium cation decreases when the material is heated into phase I, while the X-ray diffraction pattern changes from a simple, one peak structure in phase II to a more complex pattern in phase I. The possible origins of these unusual transitions are discussed.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6CP03689A
Abstract: Li + cation conducting ionomers based on poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulphonic acid) (PAMPS) incorporating a low molecular weight plasticizer have been characterized.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2000
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C8SE00159F
Abstract: Cycling stability at high capacities and water-tolerance are two key properties for the operation of high-capacity lithium (Li) metal–air batteries.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1999
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-06-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-07-2009
DOI: 10.1021/JP9000847
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-10-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-11-2010
DOI: 10.1021/JP1078949
Abstract: We describe zwitterion, 3-(1-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl)propane-1-sulfonate (Bimps), mixtures with 1,1,1-trifluoro-N-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfoneamide (HN(Tf)(2)) as new proton transport electrolytes. We report proton transport mechanisms in the mixtures based on results from several methods including thermal analyses, the complex-impedance method, and the pulsed field gradient spin echo NMR (pfg-NMR) method. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the mixtures decreased with increasing HN(Tf)(2) concentration up to 50 mol %. The Tg remained constant at -55 °C with further acid doping. The ionic conductivity of HN(Tf)(2) mixtures increased with the HN(Tf)(2) content up to 50 mol %. Beyond that ratio, the mixtures showed no increase in ionic conductivity (10(-4) S cm(-1) at room temperature). This tendency agrees well with that of Tg. However, the self-diffusion coefficients obtained from the pfg-NMR method increased with HN(Tf)(2) content even above 50 mol % for all component ions. At HN(Tf)(2) 50 mol %, the proton diffusion of HN(Tf)(2) was the fastest in the mixture. These results suggest that Bimps cannot dissociate excess HN(Tf)(2), that is, the excess HN(Tf)(2) exists as molecular HN(Tf)(2) in the mixtures. The zwitterion, Bimps, forms a 1:1 complex with HN(Tf)(2) and the proton transport property in this mixture is superior to those of other mixing ratios. Furthermore, CH(3)SO(3)H and CF(3)SO(3)H were mixed with Bimps for comparison. Both systems showed a similar tendency, which differed from that of the HN(Tf)(2) system. The Tg decreased linearly with increasing acid content for every mixing ratio, while the ionic conductivity increased linearly. Proton transport properties in zwitterion/acid mixtures were strongly affected by the acid species added.
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1149/2.015212JES
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1149/2.0301510JES
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1994
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1039/B802488J
Abstract: Commonly used for purification, alumina and silica are found to contaminate ionic liquids with particles these particles cannot be removed easily and can have a non-negligible impact on the electrochemical, spectroscopic and physical properties of an ionic liquid, including its nucleation and crystallisation kinetics.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5NJ00787A
Abstract: Structural variation of lanthanoid 3-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)propionates and investigation of the anti-corrosion properties of lanthanum 3-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)propionate are presented, highlighting lanthanoid contraction and the importance of the –CHCH− structural unit of 4-hydroxycinnamates in corrosion mitigation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-04-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-0003
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-05-2003
DOI: 10.1021/CM020918K
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-07-2023
DOI: 10.20944/PREPRINTS202307.0031.V1
Abstract: In this work, the inhibition properties of new bio-based lignine ILs on the corrosion of mild steel in an aqueous solution of 0.01 M NaCl were investigated by Potentiostatic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (PEIS), Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization (CPP). Moreover, the surface was characterized using SEM, EDS, and optical profilometry. The influence of cation and anion on the inhibitor properties and a possible synergistic effect were investigated. The IL choline syringate showed a promising performance, reducing the corrosion current after 24-hour immersion in 0.01 M sodium chloride, from 1.66 µA/cm2 for the control to 0.066 µA/cm2 with 10 mM of the IL present. In addition to the performance as a corrosion inhibitor, both components of this IL also meet or exceed current additional desired properties of such compounds, being readily available, economically efficient, and well tolerated in organisms and the environment.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0TA06344D
Abstract: We explore a superconcentrated electrolyte comprising N -propyl- N -methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, 1,2 dimethoxyethane and 3.2 mol kg −1 LiFSI. It offers an alternative ion-transport mechanism, improved fluidity and ultra-stable Li metal battery performance.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3CP53604A
Abstract: A molecular-level understanding of why the addition of lithium salts to Organic Ionic Plastic Crystals (OIPCs) produces excellent ionic conductivity is described for the first time. These materials are promising electrolytes for safe, robust lithium batteries, and have been experimentally characterised in some detail. Here, molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate the effects of lithium ion doping on both the structure and dynamics of an OIPC matrix (tetramethylammonium dicyanamide [TMA][DCA]) and illustrate a molecular-level transport model: in the plastic crystal phase lithium ions can form clusters with [DCA](-), and this clustering then in turn creates free volume or defect paths in the remainder of the lattice, which enhances ion conduction.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-05-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 09-09-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-11-2022
Abstract: Current electrolytes for lithium batteries are usually composed of at least two chemical compounds, an organic solvent such as a cyclic carbonate and a lithium salt such as LiPF 6 . Here, the concept of using a single‐component electrolyte is demonstrated in lithium batteries based on new lithium borate ionic liquids at room temperature. The design concept of this class of lithium ionic liquids (LiILs) is based on an asymmetrically substituted central tetracoordinate boron atom with oligoethylene glycol groups, fluorinated electron‐attracting groups, and one alkane group. The optimized borateLi + LiILs show a high ionic conductivity value of −4 S cm −1 at 25 °C, high lithium transference numbers ( = 0.4 – 0.5) and electrochemical stability ( V). Some of the LiILs present high compatibility with lithium‐metal electrodes showing stable polarization profiles in platting/stripping tests. The selected LiIL is investigated as single‐component electrolytes in lithium‐metal battery cells showing discharge capacity values in Li 0 /LiIL/lithium–iron phosphate and Li 0 /LiIL/lithium titanate cells of 124 and 75 mAh g −1 , respectively, at a C ‐rate of 0.2 C and 65 °C with low‐capacity loss.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-10-2014
DOI: 10.1021/JA508290Z
Abstract: Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are attractive as solid-state electrolytes for electrochemical devices such as lithium-ion batteries and solar and fuel cells. OIPCs offer high ionic conductivity, nonflammability, and versatility of molecular design. Nevertheless, intrinsic ion transport behavior of OIPCs is not fully understood, and their measured properties depend heavily on thermal history. Solid-state magnetic resonance imaging experiments reveal a striking image contrast anisotropy sensitive to the orientation of grain boundaries in polycrystalline OIPCs. Probing triethyl(methyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P1222FSI) s les with different thermal history demonstrates vast variations in microcrystallite alignment. Upon slow cooling from the melt, microcrystallites exhibit a preferred orientation throughout the entire s le, leading to an order of magnitude increase in conductivity as probed using impedance spectroscopy. This investigation describes both a new conceptual window and a new characterization method for understanding polycrystalline domain structure and transport in plastic crystals and other solid-state conductors.
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 17-01-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA13344C
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1039/B003168M
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1039/B315813F
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2010
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/CH06340
Abstract: This work reports a preliminary exploration of the potential of the ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate (P6,6,6,14M3PPh) for use as a conversion coating agent for corrosion protection of magnesium alloy AZ31. Results obtained for the as received IL did not indicate any measureable improvement in protection. However, when the IL was allowed to reach equilibrium/saturation with moisture from the atmosphere, treatment with this ‘wet’ solution resulted in a substantial improvement in corrosion resistance. Preliminary electrochemical, optical, and spectroscopic characterization of the film will be presented along with a possible mechanism for film formation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1149/2.022310JES
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/C0CP00156B
Abstract: Mixtures of the plastic crystal material choline dihydrogen phosphate [Choline][DHP] and phosphoric acid, from 4.5 mol% to 18 mol% H(3)PO(4), were investigated and shown to have significantly higher proton conductivity compared to the pure [Choline][DHP]. This was particularly evident from the electrochemical hydrogen reduction reaction and the proton NMR diffusion measurements, in addition to ionic conductivity measured from the impedance spectroscopy. The ionic conductivity was observed to increase by more than an order of magnitude in phase I (i.e. the highest temperature solid phase in [Choline][DHP]) reaching up to 10(-2) S cm(-1). The multinuclear NMR spectroscopy data suggest that, at least on the timescale of the NMR measurement, the H(+) cations and [DHP] anions are equivalent in both phases. The pulsed field gradient NMR diffusion measurements of the 18 mol% acid s le indicate that all three ions are mobile, however the H(+) diffusion coefficient is an order of magnitude higher than for the [Choline] cation or the [DHP] anion, and therefore conduction in these materials is dominated by proton conductivity. The thermal stability, as measured by TGA, is unaffected with increasing acid additions and remains high i.e. no significant mass loss below 200 °C.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-10-2014
DOI: 10.1021/AM506825D
Abstract: Mg alloys are attractive candidate materials for biodegradable stents. However, there are few commercially available Mg-based stents in clinical use because Mg alloys generally undergo rapid localized corrosion in the body. In this study, we report a new surface coating for Mg alloy AZ31 based on a low-toxicity ionic liquid (IL), tributyl(methyl)phosphonium diphenyl phosphate (P1,4,4,4 dpp), to control its corrosion rate. Emphasis is placed on the effect of treatment temperature. We showed that enhancing the treatment temperature provided remarkable improvements in the performances of both corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Increasing treatment temperature resulted in a thicker (although still nanometer scale) and more homogeneous IL film on the surface. Scanning electron microscopy and optical profilometry observations showed that there were many large, deep pits formed on the surface of bare AZ31 after 2 h of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). The IL coating (particularly when formed at 100 °C for 1 h) significantly suppressed the formation of these pits on the surface, making corrosion occur more uniformly. The P1,4,4,4 dpp IL film formed at 100 °C was more hydrophilic than the bare AZ31 surface, which was believed to be beneficial for avoiding the deposition of the proteins and cells on the surface and therefore improving the biocompatibility of AZ31 in blood. The interaction mechanism between this IL and AZ31 was also investigated using ATR-FTIR, which showed that both anion and cation of this IL were present in the film, and there was a chemical interaction between dpp(-) anion and the surface of AZ31 during the film formation.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-03-2019
Abstract: The effect of water on the properties of superconcentrated sodium salt solutions in ionic liquids (ILs) was investigated to design electrolytes for sodium battery applications with water as an additive. Water was added to a 50 mol % solution of NaFSI [FSI=bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide] in the ionic liquid N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (C
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2002
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 15-06-2022
DOI: 10.3390/MICROORGANISMS10061227
Abstract: Biofilm formation is a global health, safety and economic concern. The extracellular composition of deleterious multispecies biofilms remains uncanvassed, leading to an absence of targeted biofilm mitigation strategies. Besides economic incentives, drive also exists from industry and research to develop and apply environmentally sustainable chemical treatments (biocides) especially in engineered systems associated with the marine environment. Recently, extracellular DNA (eDNA) was implicated as a critical structural polymer in marine biofilms. Additionally, an environmentally sustainable, multi-functional biocide was also introduced to manage corrosion and biofilm formation. To anticipate biofilm tolerance acquisition to chemical treatments and reduce biocide application quantities, the present research investigated eDNA as a target for biofilm dispersal and potential enhancement of biocide function. Results indicate that mature biofilm viability can be reduced by two-fold using reduced concentrations of the biocide alone (1 mM instead of the recommended 10 mM). Importantly, through the incorporation of an eDNA degradation stage, biocide function could be enhanced by a further ~90% (one further log reduction in viability). Biofilm architecture analysis post-treatment revealed that endonuclease targeting of the matrix allowed greater biocide penetration, leading to the observed viability reduction. Biofilm matrix eDNA is a promising target for biofilm dispersal and antimicrobial enhancement in clinical and engineered systems.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C5CP07061A
Abstract: The efficacy of ionic liquids (ILs) as lubricant additives to a model base oil has been probed at the nanoscale and macroscale as a function of IL concentration using the same materials.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-11-2000
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1CP20173E
Abstract: We describe the direct electro-chemical reduction of graphene oxide to graphene from aqueous suspension by applying reduction voltages exceeding -1.0 to -1.2 V. The conductivity of the deposition medium is of crucial importance and only values between 4-25 mS cm(-1) result in deposition. Above 25 mS cm(-1) the suspension de-stabilises while conductivities below 4 mS cm(-1) do not show a measurable deposition rate. Furthermore, we show that deposition can be carried out over a wide pH region ranging from 1.5 to 12.5. The electro-deposition process is characterised in terms of electro-chemical methods including cyclic voltammetry, quartz crystal microbalance, impedance spectroscopy, constant erometry and potentiometric titrations, while the deposits are analysed via Raman spectroscopy, infra-red spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The determined oxygen contents are similar to those of chemically reduced graphene oxide, and the conductivity of the deposits was found to be ∼20 S cm(-1).
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-08-2019
Abstract: A series of electrospun binder-free carbon nanofiber (CNF) mats have been studied as air cathodes for Na-oxygen batteries using a pyrrolidinium-based electrolyte and compared with the commercial air cathode Toray 090. A tenfold increase in the discharge capacity is attained when using CNFs in comparison with Toray 090, affording a discharge capacity of 1.53 mAh cm
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 31-10-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1039/B602209J
Abstract: Dielectric relaxation measurements as a function of temperature, and of concentration in a non-coordinating solvent, the first reported for an ionic liquid, indicate a crossover in the relaxation mechanism due to varying levels of ion aggregation and the interplay of formation kinetics and relaxation dynamics of associates.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-05-2012
DOI: 10.1021/JA301175V
Abstract: Understanding the ion transport behavior of organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) is crucial for their potential application as solid electrolytes in various electrochemical devices such as lithium batteries. In the present work, the ion transport mechanism is elucidated by analyzing experimental data (single-crystal XRD, multinuclear solid-state NMR, DSC, ionic conductivity, and SEM) as well as the theoretical simulations (second moment-based solid static NMR line width simulations) for the OIPC diethyl(methyl)(isobutyl)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate ([P(1,2,2,4)][PF(6)]). This material displays rich phase behavior and advantageous ionic conductivities, with three solid-solid phase transitions and a highly "plastic" and conductive final solid phase in which the conductivity reaches 10(-3) S cm(-1). The crystal structure shows unique channel-like packing of the cations, which may allow the anions to diffuse more easily than the cations at lower temperatures. The strongly phase-dependent static NMR line widths of the (1)H, (19)F, and (31)P nuclei in this material have been well simulated by different levels of molecular motions in different phases. Thus, drawing together of the analytical and computational techniques has allowed the construction of a transport mechanism for [P(1,2,2,4)][PF(6)]. It is also anticipated that utilization of these techniques will allow a more detailed understanding of the transport mechanisms of other plastic crystal electrolyte materials.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2002
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-02-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-11-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 15-11-2006
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-09-2018
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2014
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 03-2015
DOI: 10.1515/CORRREV-2014-0039
Abstract: AA2024-Tx is one of the most common high-strength aluminium alloys used in the aerospace industry. This article reviews current understanding of the microstructure of sheet AA2024-T3 and chronicles the emergence of new compositions for constituent particles as well as reviews older literature to understand the source of the original compositions. The review goes on to summarise older and more recent studies on corrosion of AA2024-T3, drawing attention to areas of corrosion initiation and propagation. It pays particular attention to modern approaches to corrosion characterisation as obtained through microelectrochemical techniques and physicochemical characterisation, which provide statistical assessment of factors that contribute to corrosion of AA2024. These approaches are also relevant to other alloys.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2002
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1039/B815835E
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-08-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-12-2003
DOI: 10.1038/NMAT1044
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-10-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1995
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/C9TA12004A
Abstract: Application of high current density demonstrated enhanced cycling efficiency and the formation of a stable and LiF dominated SEI providing a new path to enable fast charge battery technologies.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-06-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2003
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-03-2015
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/B916422G
Abstract: Choline dihydrogen phosphate has previously been shown to be a good ionic conductor as well as an excellent host for acid doping, leading to high proton conductivities required for e.g., electrochemical devices including proton membrane fuel cells and sensors. A combination of variable-temperature (1)H solid-state NMR and 2D NMR pulse sequences, including (31)P and (13)C CODEX and (1)H BaBa, show that the proton conduction mechanism primarily involves assisted transport via a restricted three-site motion of the phosphate unit around the P-O bond that is hydrogen bonded to the choline and exchange of protons between these anions. In other words, proton transport at ambient temperatures appears to occur most favorably along the crystallographic b axis, from phosphate dimer to dimer. At elevated temperatures exchange between the protons of the hydroxyl group on the choline cation and the hydrogen-bonded dihydrogen phosphate groups also contributes to the structural diffusion of the protons in this solid state conductor.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2001
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-02-2018
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.8B00022
Abstract: Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy has been used to study an ionic liquid salt solution (N-methyl-N-propyl-pyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, C
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 31-12-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-08-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-023-40609-Y
Abstract: Before the debut of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in the commodity market, solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) were considered promising high-energy electrochemical energy storage systems before being almost abandoned in the late 1980s because of safety concerns. However, after three decades of development, LIB technologies are now approaching their energy content and safety limits imposed by the rocking chair chemistry. These aspects are prompting the revival of research activities in SSLMB technologies at both academic and industrial levels. In this perspective article, we present a personal reflection on solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), spanning from early development to their implementation in SSLMBs, highlighting key milestones. In particular, we discuss the SPEs’ characteristics taking into account the concept of coupled and decoupled SPEs proposed by C. Austen Angell in the early 1990s. Possible remedies to improve the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of SPEs are also examined. With this article, we also aim to highlight the missing blocks in building ideal SSLMBs and stimulate research towards innovative electrolyte materials for future rechargeable high-energy batteries.
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1149/1.2344826
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4CP02533D
Abstract: This perspective reports on the emerging field of room temperature ionic liquid electrolytes, applicable to rechargeable metal–air batteries.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 15-05-2007
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-01-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-11-2020
Abstract: Chromate free corrosion inhibitors are searched for to mitigate the economic loss caused by mid-steel corrosion. Here, we show metal-free organic inhibitors having free coumarate anions that can be used either as direct corrosion inhibitors or incorporated into a polymer coating obtained by UV-curing. Four different ionic liquid monomers and polymer coatings with hexoxycoumarate anion and different polymerizable counter cations were investigated. Potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and surface analyses have verified their corrosion inhibition performance on a mild steel AS1020 surface. In the case of the coumarate ionic liquid monomers, the most promising inhibitor is the one coupled with the ammonium cation, showing an inhibition efficiency of 99.1% in solution followed by the imidazolium, pyridinium, and anilinium. Next, the ionic liquid monomers were covalently integrated into an acrylic polymer coating by UV-photopolymerization. In this case, the barrier effect of the polymer coating is combined with the corrosion inhibitor effect of the pendant coumarate anion. Here, the best polymer coatings are those containing 20% imidazolium and pyridinium cations, presenting a greater impedance in the EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) measurements and less evidence of corrosion in the scribe tests. This article shows that the cationic moiety of coumarate based ionic liquids and poly(ionic liquid)s has a significant effect on their excellent corrosion inhibition properties for a mild steel surface exposed to aqueous chloride solutions.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2QM00045H
Abstract: A series of new salts with a small ether-functionalised trimethylammonium cation are synthesised and characterised to probe their unique structure–property relationships.
Publisher: Maney Publishing
Date: 02-04-2016
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-04-2010
DOI: 10.1021/AM900889N
Abstract: The generation of potentially corrosion-resistant films on light metal alloys of magnesium have been investigated. Magnesium alloy, ZE41 [Mg-Zn-Rare Earth (RE)-Zr, nominal composition approximately 4 wt % Zn, approximately 1.7 wt % RE (Ce), approximately 0.6 wt % Zr, remaining balance, Mg], was exposed under potentiostatic control to the ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium diphenylphosphate, denoted [P(6,6,6,14)][DPP]. During exposure to this IL, a bias potential, shifted from open circuit, was applied to the ZE41 surface. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chrono erometry (CA) were used to monitor the evolution of film formation on the metal surface during exposure. The EIS data indicate that, of the four bias potentials examined, applying a potential of -200 mV versus OCP during the exposure period resulted in surface films of greatest resistance. Both EIS measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging indicate that these surfaces are substantially different to those formed without potential bias. Time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) elemental mapping of the films was utilized to ascertain the distribution of the ionic liquid cationic and anionic species relative to the microstructural surface features of ZE41 and indicated a more uniform distribution compared with the surface following exposure in the absence of a bias potential. Immersion of the treated ZE41 specimens in a chloride contaminated salt solution clearly indicated that the ionic liquid generated surface films offered significant protection against pitting corrosion, although the intermetallics were still insufficiently protected by the IL and hence favored intergranular corrosion processes.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C5CC09324D
Abstract: Mg has great potential as the basis for a safe, low cost energy storage technology, however, cycling of magnesium is difficult to achieve in most electrolytes.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/CH06251
Abstract: A study of the room-temperature ionic liquid N-methyl-N-ethylpyrrolidinium dicyanamide by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy over the frequency range 0.2 GHz ≤ ν ≤ 89 GHz has revealed that, in addition to the already known lower frequency processes, there is a broad featureless dielectric loss at higher frequencies. The latter is probably due to the translational (oscillatory) motions of the dipolar ions of the IL relative to each other, with additional contributions from their fast rotation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2006
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/B926087K
Abstract: Ionic liquid electrolytes based on a number of imidazolium, quaternary ammonium and phosphonium cations have been developed for porphyrin dye sensitised solar cells yielding efficiencies of up to 5.2% at 0.68 Sun.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2006
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1149/1.2790724
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-12-2017
Abstract: Proton conducting polymeric membranes are highly searched in many different technologies ranging from energy to biosensing. Protic ionic liquids and their polymeric version represent a new family of proton conducting molecules with relatively facile synthesis and excellent properties. In this work, protic poly(ionic liquids) having the most popular phosphonium counter-cations are presented for the first time. The synthesis is carried out through proton transfer reactions or through ion exchange reactions by using commercially available tertiary phosphines. Tributyl-, trioctyl-, and tricyclohexyl-phosphine are selected to form the desired cations. Polystyrene sulfonic acid, poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid), and lithium poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl) (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide] polymers are used to form the polymeric anions. The chemical structure of the protic poly(ionic liquids) is confirmed by spectroscopic characterizations such as Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. Thermal properties of the polymer are characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Polymers exhibit good membrane forming ability as well as high ionic conductivities in the range of 10
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4CP00365A
Abstract: The physicochemical properties of a range of NaNTf 2 (or NaTFSI) salt concentrations in N -propyl- N -methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (or C 3 mpyrFSI) ionic liquid were investigated by DSC, conductivity, cyclic voltammetry and diffusivity studies.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 31-08-2020
Abstract: Mixed ionic-electronic conductors, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) are postulated to be the next generation materials in energy storage and electronic devices. Although many studies have aimed to enhance the electronic conductivity and mechanical properties of these materials, there has been little focus on ionic conductivity. In this work, blends based on PEDOT stabilized by the polyelectrolyte poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (PolyDADMA X) are reported, where the X anion is either chloride (Cl), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI), bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (TFSI), triflate (CF3SO3) or tosylate (Tos). Electronic conductivity values of 0.6 S cm−1 were achieved in films of PEDOT:PolyDADMA FSI (without any post-treatment), with an ionic conductivity of 5 × 10−6 S cm−1 at 70 °C. Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) based on the cation N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium (C2mpyr+) with similar anions were added to synergistically enhance both electronic and ionic conductivities. PEDOT:PolyDADMA X / [C2mpyr][X] composites (80/20 wt%) resulted in higher ionic conductivity values (e.g., 2 × 10−5 S cm−1 at 70 °C for PEDOT:PolyDADMA FSI/[C2mpyr][FSI]) and improved electrochemical performance versus the neat PEDOT:PolyDADMA X with no OIPC. Herein, new materials are presented and discussed including new PEDOT:PolyDADMA and organic ionic plastic crystal blends highlighting their promising properties for energy storage applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1999
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 22-04-2010
DOI: 10.2495/TD100231
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-04-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2001
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-08-2016
Abstract: The ion dynamics in a novel sodium-containing room-temperature ionic liquid (IL) consisting of an ether-functionalised quaternary ammonium cation and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide [NTf
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1039/B900201D
Abstract: Ionic liquids are liquids comprised totally of ions. However, not all of the ions present appear to be available to participate in conduction processes, to a degree that is dependent on the nature of the ionic liquid and its structure. There is much interest in quantifying and understanding this 'degree of ionicity' phenomenon. In this paper we present transport data for a range of ionic liquids and evaluate the data firstly in terms of the Walden plot as an approximate and readily accessible approach to estimating ionicity. An adjusted Walden plot that makes explicit allowance for differences in ion sizes is shown to be an improvement to this approach for the series of ionic liquids described. In some cases, where diffusion measurements are possible, it is feasible to directly quantify ionicity via the Nernst-Einstein equation, confirming the validity of the adjusted Walden plot approach. Some of the ionic liquids studied exhibit ionicity values very close to ideal this is discussed in terms of a model of a highly associated liquid in which the ion correlations have similar impact on both the diffusive and conductive motions. Ionicity, as defined, is thus a useful measure of adherence to the Nernst-Einstein equation, but is not necessarily a measure of ion availability in the chemical sense.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-07-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-02-2010
Abstract: We report for the first time an in situ photopolymerization of model co-monomers, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and tetra (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (TEGDA), in an IL electrolyte containing I(2) for DSSCs. TiO(2) nanoparticles were used as the photo-initiator and co-gelator in a charge transfer polymerization reaction. The gel-IL polymer obtained was characterized in terms of the diffusion properties of the electrolyte. Preliminary results from DSSCs assembled using the gel-IL electrolyte showed energy conversion efficiency of 3.9% at 1 sun (AM1.5) and 5.0% at 0.39 sun illumination.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5TA04407C
Abstract: Three dual-cation polymeric ionomers that contain tetraalkylammonium ions and sodium ions have been synthesized and exhibited higher conductivity than the analogous single sodium ion polymers.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-12-2002
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-05-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-02-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JP311886H
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1998
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-06-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1GC00361E
Abstract: The application of a fluorine-free ionic liquid electrolyte has enabled cleaner and sustainable Nd recovery via electrodeposition.
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 19-10-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-08-2023
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/B921488G
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-02-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 28-09-2017
DOI: 10.1063/1.4993654
Abstract: An organic ionic plastic crystal (OIPC), methyl(diethyl)isobutylphosphonium hexafluorophosphate [P122i4][PF6], was investigated for CO2 and N2 absorption using molecular simulations. Ab initio calculations showed that both the cation and anion exhibit larger binding energy for CO2 compared with N2. The CO2 absorption, as calculated from classical molecular dynamics simulations, increased by a factor of 7.5 from 275 K to 325 K, while that of N2 showed low absorption at both temperatures. The simulations suggest that the significant increase in CO2 absorption at 325 K is attributed to a higher degree of disorder and increase in the free volume due to the gas/solid interfaces. While the ab initio calculations were helpful in identifying specific interaction sites on the constituent ions, the classical MD simulations elucidated the importance of interfaces in gas absorption studies in this material. The results show that the OIPC can be a promising material for CO2 separations from CO2/N2 mixture.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-04-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7CP03318D
Abstract: We study the beneficial effects of multiple anionic species on the ion dynamics in a sodium-containing ionic liquid electrolyte.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-08-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2JM12657E
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C2CP43177G
Abstract: This work reports the voltammetric behaviour of decamethylcobaltocenium, DmCc(+), in different ionic liquids for the first time. Its redox potential was studied relative to that of decamethylferrocene, DmFc, and it is shown that the difference in the mid-point potential between these two permethylated transition-metal sandwich complexes is independent of the ionic liquid composition. A variable difference in mid-point potential, in contrast, was observed for ferrocene and cobaltocenium relative to that of DmFc in similar ionic liquids. In addition, different limitations in the application of DmFc(0/+) and DmCc(+/0) couples as internal reference redox systems in ILs are discussed. From these, the observed spontaneous reaction between DmFc and oxygen leads to important implications toward the establishment of particular conditions for DmFc applications.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7CP02129A
Abstract: MD shows that tetraglyme could chelate ions and disconnect them from ion clusters in ionomers, which could compromise tetraglyme's plasticization effect.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-11-2019
Abstract: The interphase layer that forms on either the anode or the cathode is considered to be one of the critical components of a high performing battery. This solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer determines the stability of the electrode in the presence of a given electrolyte as well as the internal resistance of a battery, and hence the overpotential of a cell. In the case of lithium ion batteries where carbonate based electrolytes are used, additives including hexafluorophosphate (PF
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-05-2023
Abstract: Free‐standing hard carbon electrodes are produced from cotton biomass using a low‐cost, one‐step pathway. The free‐standing feature of the electrode eliminates the use of binders and toxic solvents. The electrochemical performance of the electrodes is tested to study the correlation between Na storage and the structural properties of the hard carbon material. A remarkable specific capacity of 272 mAh g −1 at a current density of 50 mA g −1 is obtained with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 75 % for the cotton fabric (CF) s le pyrolyzed at 1000 °C for 5 min (CF5 min). The excellent performance of the free‐standing electrode is attributed to a large interlayer spacing between the graphene layers, and a high number of oxygen‐containing functional groups on the surface. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) surface characterisation shows that a thin and uniformly distributed SEI (solid electrolyte interphase) layer, mainly composed of NaF and Na 2 O, is formed on the CF5 min surface, whereas a thick SEI layer with a long Na + diffusion pathway is formed on the s le pyrolyzed at 1000 °C for 10 h (CF10 h), which leads to slower reaction kinetics and poor electrochemical performance. This work proposes a scalable and economically feasible strategy to produce sodium ion anode materials with a focus on environmental sustainability and value addition to waste streams.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-04-2200
DOI: 10.1021/CM0107777
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1995
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/B914884A
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-08-2016
Abstract: A cytocompatible robust hybrid conducting-polymer hydrogel, polypyrrole oly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) is developed. This hydrogel is suitable for electrode-cellular applications. It demonstrates a high battery performance when coupled with a bioresorbable Mg alloy in phosphate-buffered saline. A combination of suitable mechanical and electrochemical properties makes this hydrogel a promising material for bionic applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-12-2020
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 22-08-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-04-2016
DOI: 10.1038/SREP24499
Abstract: Electrochemical device with components having direct significance to biological life processes is a potent futuristic strategy for the realization of all-round green and sustainable development. We present here synthesis design, structural analysis and ion transport of a novel solid organic electrolyte (G7Li), a compound reminiscent of ion channels, derived from regioisomeric N7-guanine-carboxylate conjugate and Li-ions. G7Li, with it’s in-built supply of Li + -ions, exhibited remarkably high lithium-ion transference number (= 0.75) and tunable room temperature ionic conductivity spanning three decades (≈10 −7 to 10 −3 Ω −1 cm −1 ) as a function of moisture content. The ionic conductivity show a distinct reversible transition around 80–100 °C, from a dual Li + and H + ( °C) to a pure Li + conductor ( °C). Systematic studies reveal a transition from water-assisted Li-ion transport to Li hopping-like mechanism involving guanine-Li coordination. While as-synthesized G7Li has potential in humidity sensors, the anhydrous G7Li is attractive for rechargeable batteries.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1039/B516961P
Abstract: Ionic liquids which are (weak) Lewis bases have a number of interesting and useful properties different to those of traditional ionic liquids, including volatility and the possibility of being distillable in some cases, a base catalysis effect in others and enhancement of the acidity of dissolved acids.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5CP03294F
Abstract: Morphology alterations induced by solid–solid phase transitions in Organic Ionic Plastic Crystals (OIPC) elucidate molecular dynamics, micro-structural behaviour and conductive properties of OIPCs.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-10-2021
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1039/B906142H
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-10-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2000
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1039/B306412N
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-10-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2014
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2CP01910H
Abstract: In this study we present a detailed exploration of the complex structural and dynamic behavior of [HMG][FSI] mixtures with the sodium salt NaFSI across the whole composition range from 0 to 100 mol%.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 21-08-2005
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3CP51102B
Abstract: Advanced, high energy-density, metal-air rechargeable batteries, such as zinc-air, are of intense international interest due to their important role in energy storage applications such as electric and hybrid vehicles, and to their ability to deal with the intermittency of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind. Ionic liquids offer a number of ideal thermal and physical properties as potential electrolytes in such large-scale energy storage applications. We describe here the synthesis and characterisation of a family of novel "chelating" ILs designed to chelate and solubilize the zinc ions to create electrolytes for this type of battery. These are based on quaternary alkoxy alkyl ammonium cations of varying oligo-ether side chains and anions such as p-toluene sulfonate, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide and dicyanoamides. This work shows that increasing the ether chain length in the cation from two to four oxygens can increase the ionic conductivity and reduce the melting point from 67 °C to 15 °C for the tosylate system. Changing the anion also plays a significant role in the nature of the zinc deposition electrochemistry. We show that zinc can be reversibly deposited from [N(222(20201))][NTf2] and [N(222(202020201))][NTf2] beginning at -1.4 V and -1.7 V vs. SHE, respectively, but not in the case of tosylate based ILs. This indicates that the [NTf2] is a weaker coordinating anion with the zinc cation, compared to the tosylate anion, allowing the coordination of the ether chain to dominate the behavior of the deposition and stripping of zinc ions.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-09-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2002
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4EE01085J
Abstract: For the first time, practical lithium cell performance is achieved at ambient temperature with an organic ionic plastic crystal solid electrolyte.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-03-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-12-2017
Abstract: The poly(N
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C7SE00537G
Abstract: Compared to organic electrolytes, C 3 mpyrTFSI based hybrid electrolytes enhance the electrochemical performance of the NVP@C cathode material by forming a stable SEI layer in sodium batteries.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2003
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5CP00205B
Abstract: A novel phosphonium ionic liquid as potential candidate for lithium battery electrolytes.
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 12-11-2014
DOI: 10.1149/2.0091501EEL
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1995
DOI: 10.1016/0926-2040(95)01192-1
Abstract: 7Li and 19F NMR relaxation time (T1, T2, T1 rho) measurements have been used to probe the dynamics of LiCF3SO3 dissolved in an amorphous co-polymer poly(ethylene oxide-co-propylene oxide), and in particular the influence of the plasticising agents propylene carbonate and dimethyl formamide. The changes in relaxation behaviour of 19F and 7Li with increasing plasticiser concentration are very different, as is the effect of each plasticiser. These differences can be explained qualitatively in terms of the interaction between the plasticiser and the ions. Preliminary 7Li T1 rho measurements reveal two components at low temperatures.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2000
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1039/B710014K
Abstract: Ionic liquids comprised of tetradecyltrihexyl- and tetrabutyl-phosphonium cations paired with chloride or sulfonyl amide anions exhibit properties that reflect strong ion association, including comparatively low viscosity as well as a degree of volatility, and hence exemplify an interesting intermediate state between true ionic and true molecular liquids.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-11-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JZ402222J
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2004
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-10-2017
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.7B02439
Abstract: Polymeric ionic liquids have emerged recently as a promising alternative to traditional polymers as the polymer electrolyte membrane materials of choice because of their strongly decoupled dynamics between the polymer backbone and the counterions. Knowledge of proton exchange and transport mechanism in such materials is critical to the design and development of new poly(ionic liquid) materials with improved electrochemical properties. Our NMR results show that the proton exchange between the labile proton of the diethylmethylammonium (NH122) cation and H
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-12-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-07-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC06086B
Abstract: The first demonstration of organic ionic plastic crystal-based membranes for CO 2 separation.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-10-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2003
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-01-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-10-2007
DOI: 10.1021/AR7000952
Abstract: Many ionic liquids offer a range of properties that make them attractive to the field of electrochemistry indeed it was electrochemical research and applications that ushered in the modern era of interest in ionic liquids. In parallel with this, a variety of electrochemical devices including solar cells, high energy density batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors have become of intense interest as part of various proposed solutions to improve sustainability of energy supply in our societies. Much of our work over the last ten years has been motivated by such applications. Here we summarize the role of ionic liquids in these devices and the insights that the research provides for the broader field of interest of these fascinating liquids.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/C9SE01074B
Abstract: A Li–Se battery based on a Se-infused N,S,O tri-doped mesoporous carbon cathode is presented. A compatible and tunable ionic liquid electrolyte is introduced and a safer and thermally stable Li–Se battery that can operate up to 70 °C is demonstrated.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-01-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2003
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-11-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 31-03-2006
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 05-01-2020
Abstract: In this work, we present a polymerized ionic liquid block copolymer (PBCP) film where relevant properties such as ionic conductivity and electrochemical parameters are tailored by using a ternary system comprised of poly(styrene-b-1-((2-acryloyloxy)ethyl)−3-butylimidazolium bis(tri-fluoromethanesulfonyl)imide), LiFSI salt and ethylene carbonate (EC) as a cosolvent. It was found that EC efficiently decreases the glass transition temperature of the ionic block, resulting in an improved ionic conductivity and efficient platting/stripping of lithium. By using an optimal ratio of EC/LiFSI at relatively high LiFSI amount, Li∣Li symmetrical cells at 50 °C show an overpotential as low as 70 mV at 0.1 mA.cm −2 along with a high lithium transport number of 0.56 (t Li + ). All-solid-state full cells based on lithium iron phosphate cathode paired with a lithium metal anode reveal a rather stable cycling at both 50 °C and 70 °C. A negligible capacity fading is observed up to 30 cycles where a specific capacity as high as 161 mAh.g −1 is achieved with a coulombic efficiency of 99.9%. Thus, this work demonstrates an important pathway for tailoring the properties of solid state polymer electrolytes for emerging and specially designed block copolymer architectures comprising domains that give both excellent ionic conduction along with desirable mechanical properties.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1039/B407624A
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1071/CH14240
Abstract: The addition of diluents to ionic liquids (ILs) has recently been shown to enhance the transport properties of ILs. In the context of electrolyte design, this enhancement allows the realisation of IL-based electrolytes for metal–air batteries and other storage devices. It is likely that diluent addition not only impacts the viscosity of the IL, but also the ion–ion interactions and structure. Here, we investigate the nano-structured 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium chloride (OMImCl) with varying water concentrations in the presence of two metal salts, zinc chloride and magnesium chloride. We find that the choice of metal salt has a significant impact on the structure and transport properties of the system this is explained by the water structuring and destructing properties of the metal salt.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-06-2016
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 17-04-2002
DOI: 10.1039/B201063A
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-07-2017
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1071/CH11092
Abstract: A series of rare earth organic compounds pioneered by our group have been shown to provide a viable alternative to the use of chromates as corrosion inhibitors for some steel and aluminium applications. For ex le we have shown that the lanthanum 4-hydroxy cinnamate offers excellent corrosion mitigation for mild steel in aqueous environments while rare earth diphenyl phosphates offer the best protection in the case of aluminium alloys. In both cases the protection appears to be related to the formation of a nanometre thick interphase occurring on the surface that reduces the electrochemical processes leading to metal loss or pitting. Very recent work has indicated that we may even be able to address the challenging issue of stress corrosion cracking of high strength steels. Furthermore, filiform corrosion can be suppressed when selected rare earth inhibitor compounds are added as pigments to a polymer coating. There is little doubt from the work thus far that a synergy exists between the rare earth and organic inhibitor components in these novel compounds. This paper reviews some of the published research conducted by the senior author and colleagues over the past 10 years in this developing field of green corrosion inhibitors.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C7FD00189D
Abstract: The important properties and applications of molecular liquid mixtures with ionic liquids and low melting organic salts are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2007
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 21-03-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-08-2021
DOI: 10.26434/CHEMRXIV-2021-TMG9M
Abstract: Composite solid electrolytes including inorganic nanoparticles or nanofibers which improve the performance of polymer electrolytes due to their superior mechanical, ionic conductivity or lithium transference number are actively being searched for applications in lithium metal batteries. However, inorganic nanoparticles present limitations such as its tedious surface functionalization and agglomeration issues and poor homogeneity at high concentrations in polymer matrices. In this work, we report on polymer nanoparticles with lithium sulfonamide surface functionality (LiPNP) for application as electrolytes in lithium metal battery. The particles are prepared by semibatch emulsion polymerization, an easily up–scalable technique. LiPNPs are used to prepare two different families of particle reinforced solid electrolytes. When mixed with polyethylene oxide and lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI/PEO), the particles provoke a significant stiffening effect (E´ 106 Pa vs. 105 Pa at 80 ºC) while retaining high ionic conductivity (σ = 6.6 × 10–4 S cm–1). Preliminary testing in LiFePO4 full cells, showed promising performance of the PEO nanocomposite electrolytes. By mixing the particles with propylene carbonate without any additional salt, we obtain true single ion conducting gel electrolytes as the lithium sulfonamide surface functionalities are the only sources of lithium ions in the system. The gel electrolytes are mechanically robust (up to G´ =106 Pa) and show ionic conductivity up to 10–4 S cm–1. Finally, the PC nanocomposite electrolytes were tested in symmetrical lithium cells. Our findings suggest that all–polymer nanoparticles could represent a new building block material for solid–state lithium metal battery applications.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-02-2019
Abstract: The anion chemistry of lithium salts plays a pivotal role in dictating the physicochemical and electrochemical performance of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), thus affecting the cyclability of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). The bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion (TFSI
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D1TA09628A
Abstract: PEDOT:PSS was combined with OIPCs (C 2 mpyrFSI and C 2 mpyrTFSI) which gave high ionic and electronic conductivities and when employed for the first time in a solid-state Li|LiFePO 4 cell as an OMIEC binder it showed an outstanding performance.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-06-2022
Abstract: Invited for this month's cover picture is the group of Dr. Hiroyuki Ueda and Prof. Patrick C. Howlett at Deakin University (Australia) jointly working with Toyota Motor Corporation (Japan). The cover picture shows the fast lithium‐ion conduction pathways in the graphite anode of all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) enabled by the incorporation of an organic ionic plastic crystal (OIPC) electrolyte. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/batt.202200057 .
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 09-12-2022
Abstract: With the increasing energy demand for both electronic portable devices and energy storage for fluctuating renewable energy sources, there is a strong need for alternatives beyond lithium batteries. Sodium batteries have been attracting great attention recently due to the abundance and low supply cost of the raw materials. However, they require highly conductive, safe and electrochemically stable electrolytes in order to enable their practical realization. In this work we present the promising physicochemical properties of the electrolyte based on hexamethylguanidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide [FSI] at a sodium concentration of 25 mol% NaFSI. The liquid-state electrolyte supports stable Na plating and stripping at 1 h polarization times at 0.5 mA cm −2 current density in a Na symmetrical coin cell at 50 °C, maintaining a low polarization potential of ≈45 mV throughout 160 cycles. Moreover, this electrolyte is characterized by relatively high Na-ion transference number of 0.36 ± 0.03 at 50 °C. A long cycle life of 300 cycles with 285 mAh g −1 is achieved in a half cell set up with hard carbon. The solid-electrolyte interphase layer on the anode, which contributes to this high capacity, is investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The long-term cycling performance of Na|NaFePO 4 cell is also demonstrated with a high specific capacity of 106 mAh g −1 and 80% capacity retention after 110 cycles.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-06-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3CC43837F
Abstract: We describe a convenient route to the alignment of cyclic peptide nanotubes (CPNs). The key lies in the use of nanostructured ionic liquids. An ionic liquid supported membrane with orientated domains is demonstrated, leading to aligned CPNs within a solid membrane.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-10-2020
Abstract: Single‐ion conducting polymer electrolytes (SIPE) have attracted a lot of interest for application in high energy density lithium metal batteries. SIPEs possess lithium transport numbers close to unity, which does not provoke concentration gradients and holds the promise of limiting lithium dendrite formation. In this article, we have optimized a single‐ion polymer incorporating the most successful chemical units in polymer electrolytes, such as ethylene oxide, carbonate, and a lithium sulfonimide. This single‐ion poly(ethylene oxide carbonate) copolymer was synthesized by polycondensation between polyethylene glycol, dimethyl carbonate, and a functional diol including the pendant sulfonamide anionic group and the lithium counter‐cation. By playing with the monomer stoichiometry, the crystallinity and ionic conductivity were optimized. The best copolymer showed high ionic conductivity values of 1.2×10 −4 S cm −1 at 70 °C. Lithium interactions and mobility were studied by lithium‐pulsed field gradient, lithium diffusion, NMR relaxation time measurements, and FTIR‐ATR analysis. High lithium mobility is observed, which is due to the weakly coordinating chemical environment in the polymer and also that the sulfonamide in the SIPE adopts to a greater extent the cis conformation, which is known to promote lithium mobility. Finally, the performance of the singe‐ion conducting poly(ethylene oxide carbonate) was compared in lithium symmetric cells versus an analogous conventional salt in polymer electrolyte, showing improved performance in lithium plating and stripping.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-05-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1995
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C7SE00547D
Abstract: N/S co-doped mesoporous carbon cathode paired with Na metal anode in a non-flammable electrolyte results in a sustainable and high-performance supercapacitor-battery.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-02-2020
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 12-09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-12-2002
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-07-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 15-02-2008
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-01-2014
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-08-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-09-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2CC32375C
Abstract: We describe a series of novel compounds designed to combat the bacterial growth that leads to microbially induced corrosion on steel in the marine environment. A synergistic effect of the ionic components in these dual active organic salts is demonstrated.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-02-2021
DOI: 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.13719649
Abstract: a /a High strength steel in marine environments suffers from severe corrosion susceptibility and the presence of bacteria can exacerbate the effect, accelerating degradation via microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Here we propose a novel approach to MIC inhibition by designing a system capable of limiting the effects of both bacteria growth and corrosion. The combination of a newly synthesised compound, cetrimonium 4-hydroxycinnamate, with lanthanum 4-hydroxycinnamate was the only system tested to date that could both inhibit abiotic corrosion in artificial seawater and minimise bacteria consortium densities over an exposure period of 24 hours. The electrochemical data for the La+Cet mixture demonstrated the significant inhibition of both abiotic corrosion to a level similar to La(4OHCin) sub /sub , as well as the ability to reduce bacteria densities of single strains and a consortium. This is unlike the La+CetNal mixture which accelerated abiotic corrosion and the La+IMI which had an insignificant effect on microbial densities (Catubig et al. 2020). A compatible mixture of ionic inhibitors was achieved by using the same cinnamate anion. This mixture of Cet-4OHCin and La(4OHCin) sub /sub demonstrated significant abiotic corrosion inhibition and bacteria density reductions, making it a strong candidate as an MIC inhibitor system for 80HLES. The Cet-4OHCin compound and its mixture with La(4OHCin) sub /sub retained relatively low sensitivity towards skin and intestinal cells, making it a safer and more attractive alternative than other more hazardous corrosion inhibitor materials.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 26-01-2005
DOI: 10.1063/1.1845397
Abstract: In order to determine the role of defects (vacancies and extended lattice defects) in the conductivity mechanism of a well studied organic ionic plastic crystal electrolyte, conductivity and mean defect volumes were measured. The ionic conductivity of the salt showed a characteristic phase dependence. Defect volumes, as measured by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, showed increasing rates of expansion with increasing rotational disorder. The dependence of ionic conductivity on defect volume was observed to be phase dependent. Increases in mean defect volume size below ≈100cm3mol−1 did not always facilitate ionic conductivity. It was shown that the material undergoes a solid-solid phase transition to the most disordered phase (a plastic crystalline phase with the highest conductivity) when the mean defect volume becomes larger than the molar volume of either the rotating anionic or cationic species. Conductivity in this phase had the strongest dependence on defect volume. Critical volumes calculated from the free volume model of Cohen and Turnbull were unrealistically large.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-01-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-06-2018
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.8B01500
Abstract: A fundamental understanding of the structure and dynamics of organic ionic plastic crystal (OIPC) materials allows for a more rational design of molecular chemistry toward improved mechanical and electrochemical performances. This Letter investigates the solid-state structure and ion dynamics of two imidazolium-based protic organic ionic plastic crystals as well as the ion-transport properties in both compounds. A combination of DSC, conductivity, NMR, and synchrotron X-ray studies revealed that a subtle change in cation chemistry results in substantial differences in the thermal phase behavior, crystalline structures, as well as the ion conduction mechanisms in the protic plastic crystal compounds. Whereas most of the research nowadays has been focused on the optimization of chemistry of cations and anions, this work highlights the importance of microstructures on the ion transport rate and pathways of the OIPC materials.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0MA00243G
Abstract: Metal-free organic inhibitors that can be incorporated into a polymer coating have great potential, since they can add their intrinsic inhibition effect to the protective layer effect of a polymer coating.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2005
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-05-2022
DOI: 10.1021/JACS.2C02260
Abstract: Polymer electrolytes (PEs) with excellent flexibility, processability, and good contact with lithium metal (Li°) anodes have attracted substantial attention in both academic and industrial settings. However, conventional poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based PEs suffer from a low lithium-ion transference number (
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2002
DOI: 10.1002/PEN.10990
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2007
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-11-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2007
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.1021/JP5101472
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1149/1.2750443
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6TA00368K
Abstract: Nanoscale proton-channels endow a polyelectrolyte membrane with exciting anhydrous proton conductivity, making it attractive for high-temperature PEMFC applications.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2TC03248A
Abstract: This article presents PEDOT:PSS/cholinium IL composites to design safe bioelectrodes for long-term cutaneous recording. The PEDOT:PSS/IL composites presented improved electronic and ionic conductivities, as well as injectable properties.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2000
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1039/D3FD00096F
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 20-04-2005
DOI: 10.1063/1.1889245
Abstract: N,N-dimethyl-pyrrolidinium iodide has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, second moment calculations, and impedance spectroscopy. This pyrrolidinium salt exhibits two solid-solid phase transitions, one at 373K having an entropy change, ΔS, of 38Jmol−1K−1 and one at 478K having ΔS of 5.7Jmol−1K−1. The second moment calculations relate the lower temperature transition to a homogenization of the s le in terms of the mobility of the cations, while the high temperature phase transition is within the temperature region of isotropic tumbling of the cations. At higher temperatures a further decrease in the H1 NMR linewidth is observed which is suggested to be due to diffusion of the cations.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-09-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7TA08233A
Abstract: Poly(ionic liquids)-based gel polymer electrolytes containing high lithium salt concentration ionic liquids are demonstrated.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-06-2022
DOI: 10.3390/MICROORGANISMS10071285
Abstract: Multispecies biofilms represent a pervasive threat to marine-based industry, resulting in USD billions in annual losses through biofouling and microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Biocides, the primary line of defence against marine biofilms, now face efficacy and toxicity challenges as chemical tolerance by microorganisms increases. A lack of fundamental understanding of species and EPS composition in marine biofilms remains a bottleneck for the development of effective, target-specific biocides with lower environmental impact. In the present study, marine biofilms are developed on steel with three bacterial isolates to evaluate the composition of the EPSs (extracellular polymeric substances) and population dynamics. Confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and fluorimetry revealed that extracellular DNA (eDNA) was a critical structural component of the biofilms. Parallel population analysis indicated that all three strains were active members of the biofilm community. However, eDNA composition did not correlate with strain abundance or activity. The results of the EPS composition analysis and population analysis reveal that biofilms in marine conditions can be stable, well-defined communities, with enabling populations that shape the EPSs. Under marine conditions, eDNA is a critical EPS component of the biofilm and represents a promising target for the enhancement of biocide specificity against these populations.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-07-2023
Abstract: Invited for this issue's Front Cover is the Electromaterials group at the Institute of Frontier Materials of Deakin University (Australia). The cover picture emphasizes the environmental sustainability of recycling cotton textiles to produce flexible & free‐standing hard carbon anodes for sodium‐ion batteries. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202300127 .
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC07154F
Abstract: A new family of ammonium based organic ionic plastic crystals exhibits exciting solid-state proton conductivity.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-06-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2021.11.139
Abstract: Molecular interactions between 4-OH-cinnamate and cetrimonium in solution result in improved adsorption of the cinnamate on mild steel, developing a protective mechanism against the diffusion of corrosive chloride to the oxide surface. Fundamental understanding of this mechanism should allow new design routes for the development of eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors. Via classic molecular dynamics, simulations were carried out for cetrimonium and 4-OH-cinnamate in aqueous solutions at different ionic strengths and the results were validated with experimental SAXS data. Self-aggregation of cetrimonium 4-OH-cinnamate on a hydrated hematite surface was then simulated and results were compared with cryo-TEM imaging for the same compound. Finally, the effect of the adsorbed aggregates on chloride diffusion to the oxide surface was modelled. Simulations showed the encapsulation of 4-OH-cinnamate into cetrimonium micelles, consistent with experiments. The newly formed micelles adsorb onto a hydrated iron oxide surface by forming hydrogen bonds between their carboxylate outer-shell groups and the surface hydroxyls. As the adsorbate concentrations increase, there is a morphological transition from spherical to wormlike adsorbed aggregates. The wormlike structure can block chloride ions, demonstrating a synergistic inhibitory mechanism between both cetrimonium and 4-OH-cinnamate. Encapsulation and delivery of active compounds to certain targets, such as carcinogenic tumors, have been well studied in biochemistry research, we demonstrate that the same mechanism can be applied to the design of efficient corrosion inhibitors, optimizing their delivery to the metal surface.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-10-2005
DOI: 10.1021/JP051927U
Abstract: N,N-Dimethyl-pyrrolidinium iodide, and the effect of doping with LiI, has been investigated using DSC, NMR, and impedance spectroscopy. It was found that the addition of a small amount of LiI enhances the ionic conductivity by up to 3 orders of magnitude for this ionic solid. Furthermore, a slight decrease in phase transition onset temperatures, as well as the appearance of a superimposed narrow line in the (1)H NMR spectra with dopant, suggest that the LiI facilitates the mobility of the matrix material, possibly by the introduction of vacancies within the lattice. (7)Li NMR line width measurements reveal a narrow Li line width, decreasing in width and increasing in intensity with temperature, indicating mobile Li ions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2009
Abstract: The preparations and characterisations of a range of lanthanoid 4‐( R )‐substituted (4‐Rcinn, R = OH, OMe, NO 2 , Cl), known to have good anticorrosion properties, are reported. The crystal structure of [Ce(4‐OHcinn) 3 (MeOH) 2 (H 2 O)]·MeOH is a polymer, in which the cerium atoms are nonacoordinate, and adjacent cerium atoms are bridged by either two bridging bidentate or two bridging tridentate carboxylate ligands. Each cerium atom also has one monodentate 4‐hydroxycinnamate ligand, one aqua ligand, and two methanol ligands.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-07-2012
DOI: 10.1021/JP3012602
Abstract: In order to explore the various possible property trends in ionic liquid mixtures, five different ionic liquids were mixed with N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([C3mpyr][NTf2]), and the viscosities, excess molar volumes, ionic conductivities, and phase diagrams of the mixtures were determined over a range of temperatures. In a number of the mixtures the crystallization of both components was completely suppressed and no melting point was observable. Such mixtures of similar ionic liquids thus have potential for use in low-temperature applications by extending the liquid range to T(g). The molar conductivities and viscosities are described as approximating predictable or "simple" mixing behaviors, while excess molar volumes were found to show a variety of mixing and nonideal mixing effects. Mixture equations for viscosity and conductivity are discussed and analyzed. An immiscibility window was observed in the trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([P(6,6,6,14)][NTf2]) in the [C3mpyr][NTf2] system in the [C3mpyr][NTf2]-rich region. Unusual physical properties are exhibited by miscible compositions near the demixing line. These compositions are described as [P(6,6,6,14)][NTf2]-like, even up to 0.5 mol fraction of [C3mpyr][NTf2].
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D0CP05295G
Abstract: Recently ionic liquids (ILs) have shown promising tribological properties as additives in base oils however their lack of miscibility is a problem, with very few ILs being compatible with lubricant oil formulation (non-polar base oils).
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2008
Abstract: Ionic liquid surface treatments are proposed as a method of controlling corrosion processes on magnesium alloys. An important magnesium alloy, ZE41 (nominally 4% Zn and 1% rare earth), was treated with the ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium diphenylphosphate (P 66614 DPP). Impedance spectra were acquired at intervals during the treatment, indicating the development of a film and allowing a measure of the film formation process to be obtained over time. Mechanically polished and electro‐polished surfaces were prepared these surfaces, treated and untreated, were subsequently exposed to 0.1 M NaCl aqueous solutions. The corrosion behavior of the prepared surfaces were assessed using impedance spectroscopy and optical microscopy. The results indicated a significant role for the method of surface preparation used and, in both cases, the ionic liquid treatment produced a more corrosion‐resistant surface.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-05-2018
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-06-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-07-2012
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-11-2014
DOI: 10.1021/JZ5021422
Abstract: The remarkable physical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) make them potentially excellent lubricants. One of the challenges for using ILs as lubricants is their high cost. In this article, atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanotribology measurements reveal that a 1 mol % solution of IL dissolved in an oil lubricates the silica surface as effectively as the pure IL. The adsorption isotherm shows that the IL surface excess need only be approximately half of the saturation value to prevent surface contact and effectively lubricate the sliding surfaces. Using ILs in this way makes them viable for large-scale applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 23-10-2003
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 08-2008
Abstract: The air electrode, which reduces oxygen (O 2 ), is a critical component in energy generation and storage applications such as fuel cells and metal/air batteries. The highest current densities are achieved with platinum (Pt), but in addition to its cost and scarcity, Pt particles in composite electrodes tend to be inactivated by contact with carbon monoxide (CO) or by agglomeration. We describe an air electrode based on a porous material coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), which acts as an O 2 reduction catalyst. Continuous operation for 1500 hours was demonstrated without material degradation or deterioration in performance. O 2 conversion rates were comparable with those of Pt-catalyzed electrodes of the same geometry, and the electrode was not sensitive to CO. Operation was demonstrated as an air electrode and as a dissolved O 2 electrode in aqueous solution.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-05-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JZ400715R
Abstract: Stable electrogenerated superoxide ion has been observed for the first time in a phosphonium-based ionic liquid in the presence of water, leading to a chemically reversible O2/O2(•-) redox couple instead of the disproportionation reaction that is usually observed. It appears that the cation solvates the superoxide anion, stabilizing it against the disproportionation reaction. The electrogeneration is studied at various levels of water or other diluents including toluene to explore the limits of stability of the superoxide ion under these conditions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-06-2016
Abstract: Liquid-solution polymerization and vapor-phase polymerization (VPP) have been used to manufacture a series of chloride- and tosylate-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) carbon paper electrodes. The electrochemistry, specific capacitance, and specific charge were determined for single electrodes in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (emim dca) ionic liquid electrolyte. VPP-PEDOT exhibits outstanding properties with a specific capacitance higher than 300 F g(-1) , the highest value reported for a PEDOT-based conducting polymer, and doping levels as high as 0.7 charges per monomer were achieved. Furthermore, symmetric PEDOT supercapacitor cells with the emim dca electrolyte exhibited a high specific capacitance (76.4 F g(-1) ) and high specific energy (19.8 Wh kg(-1) ). A Ragone plot shows that the VPP-PEDOT cells combine the high specific power of conventional ("pure") capacitors with the high specific energy of batteries, a highly sought-after target for energy storage.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-11-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-07-2017
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.7B01557
Abstract: It is known that hierarchical structure plays a key role in many unique material properties such as self-cleaning effect of lotus leaves and the antifogging property of the compound eyes of mosquitoes. This study reports a series of highly ordered mesoporous Nafion membranes with unique hierarchical structural features at the nanometer scale. Using NMR, we show for the first time that, at low RH conditions, the proton in the ionic domains migrates via a surface diffusion mechanism and exhibits approximately 2 orders of magnitude faster transport than that in the nanopores, whereas the nanopores play a role of reservoir and maintain water and thereby conductivity at higher temperature and lower humidities. Thereby creating hierarchical nanoscale structures is a feasible and promising strategy to develop PEMs that would enable efficient electrochemical performance in devices such as fuel cells, even in the absence of high humidity and at elevated temperatures.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C6CP07415D
Abstract: LiFSI doped [C 2 mpyr][FSI]–PVdF composites were developed as solid-state, self-standing electrolyte membranes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-04-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-03-2011
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-01-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-04-2014
DOI: 10.1002/LS.1228
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1TA07831C
Abstract: A range of organic ionic plastic crystal-based composites for CO 2 separation are reported. A variety of analytical techniques were used to elucidate the influence of ion and polymer type on the properties and gas separation performance.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-05-2017
Abstract: Understanding the short-range molecular motions of organic ionic plastic crystals is critical for the application of these materials as solid-state electrolytes in electrochemical devices such as lithium batteries. However, the theory of short-range-motions was originally developed for simple molecular plastic crystals and does not take account of strong interionic interactions that are present in organic ionic plastic crystals. Here we report a fundamental investigation of the dynamic behavior of an archetypal ex le triethyl(methyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide ([P
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-06-2007
DOI: 10.1021/BM070041O
Abstract: Hydrated ionic liquids (ILs) were prepared by adding appropriate amounts of water to hydrophilic ILs. Some hydrated ILs show excellent solubilizing ability for proteins, keeping the basic properties of ILs. The solubility of cytochrome c (cyt c) depended on the structure of the component ions. When component anions have oxo acid residues, the resulting hydrated ILs solubilize cyt c quite well. In such hydrated ILs, the structure and activity of cyt c is influenced by the kosmotropicity of the component ions. We synthesized ILs from various ions having different kosmotropicity, including dihydrogen phosphate (dhp), dibutylphosphate, acetate, lactate, and methanesulfonate as anions. The activity of the dissolved cyt c depends on the permutations of kosmotropicity of the component ions. cyt c shows no structural change and retains its activity when dissolved in the hydrated choline dhp, which is an excellent combination of chaotropic cation and kosmotropic anion. Furthermore, cyt c dissolved in the hydrated choline dhp remained in a native state and was active after 18 months of storage at room temperature.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-12-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-01-2020
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.9B03823
Abstract: Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are an important family of materials that have shown exciting possibilities as solid electrolytes for lithium ion batteries and other electrochemical devices. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that, although the X-ray shows sharp diffraction peaks, both cation and anion clearly exhibit significant ion diffusion in solid phase I. Two phases with ion diffusivities differing by 2 orders of magnitude can be identified. The populations of the cation and anion in both phases are found to be unequal, hinting at the existence of (negatively charged) cation vacancies in the plastic crystal phase and a positively charged grain boundary phase. These interesting properties of ion vacancies and unequal populations of cation and anion are likely to be ubiquitous in other OIPCs, and it is of paramount importance to be aware of these features to correctly understand the structure-property relationships of this important material family.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2CP40736A
Abstract: Ionic liquids have been shown to be highly effective lubricants for a steel on aluminium system. This work shows that the chemistry of the anion and cation are critical in achieving maximum wear protection. The performance of the ILs containing a diphenylphosphate (DPP) anion all showed low wear, as did some of the tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate (FAP) and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (NTf(2)) anion containing ILs. However, in the case of the FAP and NTf(2) based systems, a cation dependence was observed, with relatively poor wear resistance obtained in the case of an imidazolium FAP and two pyrrolidinium NTf(2) salts, probably due to tribocorrosion caused by the fluorine reaction with the aluminium substrate. The systems exhibiting poor performance generally had a lower viscosity, which also impacts on their tribological properties. Those ILs that exhibited low wear were shown to have formed protective tribofilms on the aluminium alloy surface.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-04-2009
DOI: 10.1021/AM900023J
Abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs) based on trihexyltetradecylphosphonium coupled with either diphenylphosphate or bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide have been shown to react with magnesium alloy surfaces, leading to the formation a surface film that can improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy. The morphology and microstructure of the magnesium surface seems critical in determining the nature of the interphase, with grain boundary phases and intermetallics within the grain, rich in zirconium and zinc, showing almost no interaction with the IL and thereby resulting in a heterogeneous surface film. This has been explained, on the basis of solid-state NMR evidence, as being due to the extremely low reactivity of the native oxide films on the intermetallics (ZrO2 and ZnO) with the IL as compared with the magnesium-rich matrix where a magnesium hydroxide and/or carbonate inorganic surface is likely. Solid-state NMR characterization of the ZE41 alloy surface treated with the IL based on (Tf)2N(-) indicates that this anion reacts to form a metal fluoride rich surface in addition to an organic component. The diphenylphosphate anion also seems to undergo an additional chemical process on the metal surface, indicating that film formation on the metal is not a simple chemical interaction between the components of the IL and the substrate but may involve electrochemical processes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-04-2006
DOI: 10.1002/BIT.20928
Abstract: Proteins generally are only stable in vitro for short periods of time. This results in challenges during isolation and purification of recombinant proteins and reduces the shelf life of protein-based pharmaceuticals. Here we show that certain novel, biocompatible ionic liquids provide a stabilizing solvent for proteins, for ex le, cytochrome c, such that structure and activity are maintained even after 6 months of storage at room temperature. Normally, this protein would be rendered inactive after only 1 week in buffered aqueous solution. The effect of the ionic liquid solvent appears to be related to protection against hydrolysis.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-07-2007
DOI: 10.1021/JP071631J
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-01-2022
Abstract: A series of hybrid electrolytes composed of diglyme and ionic liquids (ILs) have been investigated for Na-O
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-04-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-03-2017
Abstract: Biomass-derived polymers, such as lignin, contain quinone/ hydroquinone redox moieties that can be used to store charge. Composites based on the biopolymer lignin and several conjugated polymers have shown good charge-storage properties. However, their performance has been only studied in acidic aqueous media limiting their applications mainly to supercapacitors. Here, we show that PEDOT/lignin (PEDOT: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) biopolymers are electroactive in aprotic ionic liquids (ILs) and we move a step further by assembling sodium full cell batteries using PEDOT/lignin as electrode material and IL electrolytes. Thus, the electrochemical activity and cycling of PEDOT/lignin electrodes was investigated in 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMPyrTFSI), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (BMPyrFSI), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMImTFSI) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (EMImFSI) IL electrolytes. The effects of water and sodium salt addition to the ILs were investigated to obtain optimum electrolyte systems for sodium batteries. Finally, sodium batteries based on PEDOT/lignin cathode with imidazolium-based IL electrolyte showed higher capacity values than pyrrolidinium ones, reaching 70 mAhg
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-09-1999
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-06-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-03-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2004
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-06-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 26-11-2021
Abstract: Polymer electrolytes continue to offer the opportunity for safer, high-performing next-generation battery technology. The benefits of a polymeric electrolyte system lie in its ease of processing and flexibility, while ion transport and mechanical strength have been highlighted for improvement. This report discusses how factors, specifically the chemistry and structure of the polymers, have driven the progression of these materials from the early days of PEO. The introduction of ionic polymers has led to advances in ionic conductivity while the use of block copolymers has also increased the mechanical properties and provided more flexibility in solid polymer electrolyte development. The combination of these two, ionic block copolymer materials, are still in their early stages but offer exciting possibilities for the future of this field.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-11-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 25-06-2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4811179
Abstract: Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to investigate the interrelations between structures, transport mechanisms, and phase transitions of an organic ionic plastic crystal material, diethyl(methyl)(isobutyl)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate ([P1,2,2,4][PF6]), in both solid and liquid phases. Examination of the temperature dependence of supercell parameters and radial distribution functions provides evidence of plastic phase transitions. Nonlinear increments of cell size within the temperature range 123–413 K are consistent with the plastic phase transitions identified from experimental analysis. The time- and temperature-dependent microstructure and dynamics have been intensively studied through analysis of trajectory files. The rotational motion and diffusion of the matrix ions are quantitatively analysed via rotational correlation functions and mean square displacements. We present new information on the evolution of molecular motions in different phases, and compare and contrast our findings with previously reported hypotheses based on nuclear magnetic resonance results. This work provides valuable information at an atomistic level to explain the experimental observations, which helps further understanding of the molecular motions underlying the plastic phase transitions.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C8CP07254J
Abstract: In this work we demonstrate that imidazolium cations with short alkyl chains can form a self-assembled structure in aqueous solution.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1039/B212743A
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.1039/B508238B
Abstract: We report a family of biocompatible ionic liquids (ILs) which are able to dissolve significant amounts of proteins such as cytochrome c and in which ATR-FTIR spectroscopy results show retention of secondary structure to extreme temperatures.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 15-03-2022
DOI: 10.1071/CH21266
Abstract: High strength steel in marine environments suffers from severe corrosion susceptibility and the presence of bacteria can exacerbate the effect, accelerating degradation via microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Here we propose a novel approach to MIC inhibition by designing a system capable of limiting the effects of both bacterial growth and corrosion. The combination of a newly synthesised compound, cetrimonium 4-hydroxycinnamate (Cet-4OHCin), with lanthanum 4-hydroxycinnamate was the only system tested to date that could both inhibit abiotic corrosion in artificial seawater and minimise bacteria consortium densities over an exposure period of 24 h. This success was proposed to be due to them having the same anion, making them stable when mixed in the solution of the test environment. Furthermore, we confirmed from cytotoxicity testing that Cet-4OHCin demonstrated similarly limited toxicity towards human cells as the commercially available cetrimonium bromide, a known safe additive to cosmetic products. This new system shows promise as a safe and effective multifunctional inhibitor mixture to reduce the effects of MIC.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-09-2019
Abstract: While paint coatings act as important barriers to corrosion, defects can lead to localized, rapid metal loss. The addition of corrosion inhibitors that are capable of leaching from a coating to protect the metal surface at a defect can prevent this type of corrosion. This work investigates the release and corrosion protection capabilities of two rare earth (RE) carboxylate inhibitors from an epoxy coating as an initial step to understanding their leaching behavior and interaction with the coating system. Leaching experiments were performed via inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analyses of the solutions in which free-standing coatings loaded with varying concentrations of inhibitor compounds had been immersed. Inhibitor release from the epoxy coating was observed to be dependent on initial inhibitor concentration, inhibitor chemistry, and solution pH conditions. The coating systems with greater initial inhibitor loadings showed higher leaching rates, particularly in acidic environments. Following immersion, the absence of characteristic inhibitor peaks in the FTIR spectra of the coatings also confirmed leaching had taken place. Cross-sectional views of the coatings after exposure to the pH 1 environment presented a chloride infusion zone at the coating/solution interface where the inhibitor had leached out. The RE active inhibition provided by the leached RE carboxylate inhibitors was verified by exposure of a coating defect to a chloride contaminated environment.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6TA01562J
Abstract: Incorporation of phosphotungstic acid functionalized mesoporous silica increases the stable operation temperature of PA/PBI membranes to 200 °C.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-07-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41563-022-01296-0
Abstract: Rechargeable batteries paired with sodium metal anodes are considered to be one of the most promising high-energy and low-cost energy-storage systems. However, the use of highly reactive sodium metal and the formation of sodium dendrites during battery operation have caused safety concerns, especially when highly flammable liquid electrolytes are used. Here we design and develop solvent-free solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on a perfluoropolyether-terminated polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based block copolymer for safe and stable all-solid-state sodium metal batteries. Compared with traditional PEO SPEs, our results suggest that block copolymer design allows for the formation of self-assembled nanostructures leading to high storage modulus at elevated temperatures with the PEO domains providing transport channels even at high salt concentration (ethylene oxide/sodium = 8/2). Moreover, it is demonstrated that the incorporation of perfluoropolyether segments enhances the Na
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/B923053J
Abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs) represent a fascinating, and yet to be fully understood, medium for a variety of chemical, physical and biological processes. Electrochemical processes form an important subset of these that are particularly of interest, since ILs tend to be good electrochemical solvents and exhibit other properties which make them very useful as electrolytes in electrochemical devices. It is important therefore to understand the extent to which electrochemical reactions and processes behave in a relatively "normal", for ex le aqueous solution, fashion as opposed to exhibiting phenomena more uniquely the product of their organic ionic nature. This perspective examines a range of electrochemical reactions in ionic liquids, in many cases in the context of real world applications, to highlight the phenomena as far as they are understood and where data gaps exist. The important areas of lithium and conducting polymer electrochemistry are discussed in detail.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-07-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1039/D2YA00348A
Abstract: Investigation of the thermodynamic and transport properties of four novel ether-functionalised piperidinium and morpholinium ionic liquids with LiFSI and LiTFSI salts, and Li-ion coordination in ionic liquids.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1996
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 25-05-2021
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-532893/V1
Abstract: Polymer electrolytes provide a safe solution for all-solid-state high energy density batteries. Materials that meet the simultaneous requirement of high ionic conductivity and high transference number remain a challenge, in particular for new battery chemistries beyond Lithium such as Na, K and Mg. Herein, we demonstrate the versatility of a polymeric ionic liquid (PolyIL) as a solid-state solvent to achieve this goal for both Na and K. Using molecular simulations, we predict and elucidate fast metal ion transport in PolyILs through a structural diffusion mechanism in a polymer-in-salt environment, facilitating a high transference number. Experimental validation of these computational designed Na and K polymer electrolytes gives high ionic conductivities of 1.010 -3 S cm-1 at 80 o C and an exceptional Na + transference number of ~0.57. Electrochemical cycling of a sodium anode also demonstrates an ultra-low overpotential of 40 mV and stable long term performance of more than 100 hours in a symmetric cell. PolyIL-based polymer-in-salt strategies for novel solid-state electrolytes thus offer a promising route to design high performance next generation sustainable battery chemistries.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2007
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-02-2022
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA13835F
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-12-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2003
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1CC14761G
Abstract: Novel protic ionic liquids (PILs) based on a tributyl phosphonium cation have been synthesised and characterised, revealing that the phosphonium based ILs show high thermal stability, high ionic conductivity and facile proton reduction compared to the corresponding ammonium based ILs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 07-11-2001
DOI: 10.1039/B105552F
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 23-11-2020
DOI: 10.1149/MA2020-024803MTGABS
Abstract: The development of new solid-state electrolytes for energy storage devices is important for increasing their stability, reliability and safety. Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are a relatively new class of material that show increasing promise as solid state electrolytes for devices such as lithium or sodium batteries. [1] OIPCs are crystalline phases found in many of the same organic salt families as ionic liquids but these materials have elevated melting points and exhibit various forms of disorder, which is the origin of their plastic mechanical properties. One of the keys to the development of OIPCs as solid state electrolytes is expanding the range of cations and anions available, and understanding the structure and dynamics of the resultant material. For application in a device, OIPCs are combined with salts of the target ion (e.g. Li + or Na + ), after which detailed analysis of the electrochemical and device parameters is performed. OIPC-based electrolytes can also be combined with polymer nanofibers to further improve their mechanical and transport properties. This presentation will provide an overview of the new OIPC families that we have recently designed and synthesized, and progress of these materials towards their use in practical solid-state lithium and sodium based batteries. We have also investigated the use of nanoscale polymer composites and the combination of OIPCs with very high concentrations of lithium or sodium salts, 2 and the recent work on developing these composite materials will be discussed. References: [1] H. Zhu, D. R. MacFarlane, J. M. Pringle, M. Forsyth Trends in Chemistry , 2019, 1 (1), 126 [2] D. Al-Masri, R. Yunis, H. Zhu, L. Jin, P. Bruce, A. F. Hollenk , J. M. Pringle Journal of Materials Chemistry A , 2019, 7 , 25389-25398
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-05-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE23753B
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-05-2018
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1996
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF00414219
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-11-2013
DOI: 10.1021/AM4037614
Abstract: The use of ionic liquids as additives to base oil for the lubrication of steel on aluminum was investigated. The miscibility and wear performance of various phosphonium, imidazolium, and pyrrolidinium ionic liquids in a range of polar and nonpolar base oils was determined. The structure and ion pairing of the ionic liquids was found to be important in determining their miscibility in the base oils. In wear tests, some of the miscible base oil/IL blends reduced the aluminum wear depth when compared to that found with the base oil alone. The nonpolar base oil/IL blends were able to withstand higher wear-test loads than the polar base oil/IL blends. At 10 N, as little as 0.01 mol/kg of IL, or 0.7-0.9 wt %, in the nonpolar base oils was enough to drastically reduce the wear depth on the aluminum. XPS analysis of the wear surfaces suggested that the adsorbing of the IL to the surface, where it can form low-shear layers and also react to form tribofilms, is important in reducing friction and wear. The largest reductions in wear at the highest load tested were found for a mineral oil/P6,6,6,14 (i)(C8)2PO2 blend.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-03-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-12-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2001
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1MH01263K
Abstract: This review presents an integrated perspective on the recent progress and advances of emerging iongel materials and their applications in the areas of energy, gas separation and (bio)electronics.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1039/B801405A
Abstract: We describe a fluidity and conductivity study as a function of composition in N-methylpyrrolidine-acetic acid mixtures. The simple 1 : 1 acid-base mixture appears to form an ionic liquid, but its degree of ionicity is quite low and such liquids are better thought of as poorly dissociated mixtures of acid and base. The composition consisting of 3 moles acetic acid and 1 mole N-methylpyrrolidine is shown to form the highest ionicity mixture in this binary due to the presence of oligomeric anionic species [(AcO)(x)H(x-1)](-) stabilised by hydrogen bonds. These oligomeric species, being weaker bases than the acetate anion, shift the proton transfer equilibrium towards formation of ionic species, thus generating a higher degree of ionicity than is present at the 1 : 1 composition. A Walden plot analysis, thermogravimetric behaviour and proton NMR data, as well as ab initio calculations of the oligomeric species, all support this conclusion.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-02-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ACCOUNTS.8B00566
Abstract: Electrolytes based on organic solvents used in current Li-ion batteries are not compatible with the next-generation energy storage technologies including those based on Li metal. Thus, there has been an increase in research activities investigating solid-state electrolytes, ionic liquids (ILs), polymers, and combinations of these. This Account will discuss some of the work from our teams in these areas. Similarly, other metal-based technologies including Na, Mg, Zn, and Al, for ex le, are being considered as alternatives to Li-based energy storage. However, the materials research required to effectively enable these alkali metal based energy storage applications is still in its relative infancy. Once again, electrolytes play a significant role in enabling these devices, and research has for the most part progressed along similar lines to that in advanced lithium technologies. Some of our recent contributions in these areas will also be discussed, along with our perspective on future directions in this field. For ex le, one approach has been to develop single-ion conductors, where the anion is tethered to the polymer backbone, and the dominant charge conductor is the lithium or sodium countercation. Typically, these present with low conductivity, whereas by using a copolymer approach or incorporating bulky quaternary ammonium co-cations, the effective charge separation is increased thus leading to higher conductivities and greater mobility of the alkali metal cation. This has been demonstrated both experimentally and via computer simulations. Further enhancements in ion transport may be possible in the future by designing and tethering more weakly associating anions to the polymer backbone. The second approach considers ion gels or composite polymer electrolytes where a polymerized ionic liquid is the matrix that provides both mechanical robustness and ion conducting pathways. The block copolymer approach is also demonstrated, in this case, to simultaneously provide mechanical properties and high ionic conductivity when used in combination with ionic-liquid electrolytes. The ultimate electrolyte material that will enable all high-performance solid-state batteries will have ion transport decoupled from the mechanical properties. While inorganic conductors can achieve this, their rigid, brittle nature creates difficulties. On the other hand, ionic polymers and their composites provide a rich area of chemistry to design and tune high ionic conductivity together with ideal mechanical properties.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2006
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 17-08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE42099J
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-08-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-94827-9
Abstract: Chemical biocides remain the most effective mitigation strategy against microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), one of the costliest and most pervasive forms of corrosion in industry. However, toxicity and environmental concerns associated with these compounds are encouraging the development of more environmentally friendly MIC inhibitors. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial effect of a novel, multi-functional organic corrosion inhibitor (OCI) compound, cetrimonium trans-4-hydroxy-cinnamate (CTA-4OHcinn). Attachment of three bacterial strains, Shewanella chilikensis, Pseudomonas balearica and Klebsiella pneumoniae was evaluated on wet-ground (120 grit finish) and pre-oxidised carbon steel surfaces (AISI 1030), in the presence and absence of the new OCI compound. Our study revealed that all strains preferentially attached to pre-oxidised surfaces as indicated by confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and standard colony forming unit (CFU) quantification assays. The inhibitor compound at 10 mM demonstrated 100% reduction in S. chilikensis attachment independent of initial surface condition, while the other two strains were reduced by at least 99.7% of the original viable cell number. Our results demonstrate that CTA-4OHcinn is biocidal active and has promise as a multifunctional, environmentally sound MIC inhibitor for industrial applications.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1071/CH12332
Abstract: A recent study indicated that the water-saturated ionic liquid (IL) trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride ([P6,6,6,14][Cl]) provided a viable electrolyte for a Mg-air battery. However, there is limited literature on the properties of IL-water mixtures as battery electrolytes. The physical properties of [P6,6,6,14][Cl] were studied with the addition of both water and metal salts (MgCl2 and LiCl) using conductivity and self-diffusion coefficient measurements. The conductivity of the s les at low water concentrations is surprisingly enhanced by the addition of the metal salt, contrary to lithium IL electrolytes. It was also found that the conductivity of the IL was increased by an order of magnitude by saturation with water. NMR diffusion measurements were used to probe the behaviour of both the cation and the water in the mixtures. It was found that the addition of metal salts to the water-saturated [P6,6,6,14][Cl] did not affect the transport properties of the water or cation.
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1149/2.012111JES
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-01-2023
Abstract: Ion transport in composite electrodes plays a key role in the electrochemical performance of lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs), particularly at high current densities, and hence, some works have suggested the use of ionic conducting polymers as binders. Herein, in order to assess the importance of the type of ion conduction in binders, two poly(ionic liquid) polymers were analyzed as binders in LiFePO 4 (LFP) cathodes: poly(lithium 1‐[3‐(methacryloyloxy)propylsulfonyl]‐1‐(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide) (PMTFSI−Li), and poly(diallyldimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide) (PDADMA−TFSI). Their functionalities allow modulating the in idual transport of their counter‐ions, Li + and TFSI − , respectively in comparison with conventional PVDF binder. Thus, LFP−C‐Binder cathodes, namely C−PVDF, C−PDADMA−TFSI and C−PMTFSI−Li, were evaluated in LMBs. C−PMTFSI−Li exhibited the best performance reaching the theoretical specific capacity (170.3±0.8 mAh g −1 ) at C/10, an outstanding capacity at 10 C (100.6±0.5 mAh g −1 ), and long lifespan ( cycles at 1 C). C−PDADMA−TFSI showed good long‐term cycling and high performance at high C‐rate, while C−PVDF ended up fading before reaching 500 cycles. Surprisingly, it was observed that the presence of ionic binders into the cathode formulation influenced on Li 0 metal deposition morphology, leading to a more homogeneous plating (specially PMTFSI−Li) in comparison with PVDF and therefore, exhibiting a mitigation of mossy lithium growth.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-04-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-07-2022
Abstract: Battery sustainability is often neglected in favor of higher performance and economic efficiency in battery technology. The standard electrode containing the use of binder and toxic solvent has a detrimental impact on the environment. For the first time, a sustainable and free‐standing carbonized silk battery anode is prepared from woven silk biomass waste. The unique mechanical structural properties and surface functionality make this material not only avoid the use of binder and organic solvent, but with the possibility of achieving high energy density batteries. An outstanding initial Coulombic efficiency of 75.6 % and a remarkable capacity retention of 100 % after 100 cycles are achieved for the electrode carbonized at 1300 °C (CS_1300 °C) when using a non‐volatile and non‐flammable superconcentrated ionic liquid electrolyte. A uniformly NaF‐distributed solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer is produced on the CS_1300 °C surface to facilitate Na + transfer kinetics, and high capacity utilization. Surface functional groups are elucidated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while density functional theory calculations reveal that these groups accelerate fast Na + ion adsorption on the surface, but hinder Na + intercalation kinetics due to the strong binding energy from the sodiophilic sites. This scalable and cost‐efficient strategy opens up a new avenue for mass‐production of battery anode materials, and proposes an argument for the role of surface functional groups in SEI formation and electrochemical performance.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2CP01149B
Abstract: Revealing the molecular-level interactions and dynamics of the Co 2+/3+ (bpy) 3 (NTf 2 ) 2/3 redox electrolyte system, which is promising for thermo-electrochemical devices.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 21-01-2022
DOI: 10.3389/FBIOE.2022.803559
Abstract: In natural environments, populations of microorganisms rapidly colonise surfaces forming biofilms. These sessile communities comprise a variety of species which contribute to biofouling and microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), especially on metals. Species heterogeneity in natural systems confers higher tolerance to adverse conditions such as biocide treatment compared with single species laboratory simulations. Effective chemical treatments to combat recalcitrant biofilms are often dangerous to apply both to operators and the environment, and face international embargoes. Today, there is a drive to exchange current toxic and environmentally hazardous biocides with less harmful compounds. One effective method of achieving this goal is to generate multi-functional compounds capable of tackling corrosion and biofilm formation simultaneously, thus reducing the number of compounds in dosing procedures. In a previous study, a novel corrosion inhibitor demonstrated biocidal effects against three marine isolates during the early stages of biofilm formation. The compound CTA-4OHcinn, holds great promise as a multi-functional inhibitor, however its effect on complex, multi-species biofilms remains unknown. Here we evaluate CTA-4OHcinn biocidal capacity against multi-species biofilms developed from oilfield s les. Mature biofilms were developed and treated with 10 mM CTA-4OHcinn for 4 h. The effects of the compound were assessed using mean probable number (MPN), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) quantification, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Results demonstrate that CTA-4OHcinn significantly reduces the viability of mature biofilms, supporting previous demonstrations on the secondary function of CTA-4OHcinn as a biocide. CLSM results further indicate that CTA-4OHcinn targets the cell membrane resulting in lysis. This finding complements the established corrosion inhibition function of CTA-4OHcinn, indicating the compound is a true multi-functional organic corrosion inhibitor.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-12-2019
Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become ubiquitous power sources for small electronic devices, electric vehicles, and stationary energy storage systems. Despite the success of LIBs which is acknowledged by their increasing commodity market, the historical evolution of the chemistry behind the LIB technologies is laden with obstacles and yet to be unambiguously documented. This Viewpoint outlines chronologically the most essential findings related to today's LIBs, including commercial electrode and electrolyte materials, but furthermore also depicts how the today popular and widely emerging solid-state batteries were instrumental at very early stages in the development of LIBs.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-01-2016
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-01-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1995
Publisher: Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP)
Date: 10-2015
DOI: 10.5006/1830
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-12-2022
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 02-04-2021
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-354912/V2
Abstract: Rechargeable batteries paired with sodium (Na)-metal anodes are considered as one of the most promising high energy and low-cost energy storage systems. However, the use of highly reactive Na metal and the formation of Na dendrites during battery operation have caused significant safety concerns, especially when highly flammable liquid electrolytes are used. Herein, we design and develop a solvent-free solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based block copolymer for safe and stable all-solid-state Na-metal batteries. Compared with traditional poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) or PEG SPEs, our results suggest that block copolymer design allows for the formation of self-assembled microstructures leading to high storage modulus at elevated temperatures with the PEG domains providing transport channels even at high salt concentration (EO/Na + = 8:2). Moreover, it is demonstrated that the incorporation of PFPE segments enhances the Na + transference number of the electrolyte to 0.46 at 80 o C. Finally, the proposed SPE exhibits highly stable symmetric cell cycling performance with high current density (0.5 mA cm -2 and 1.0 mAh cm -2 , up to 1300 hours). The assembled all-solid-state Na-metal batteries with Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode demonstrate outstanding rate performance, high capacity retention and long-term charge/discharge stability (CE = 99.91%) after more than 900 cycles.
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 26-03-2021
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-354912/V1
Abstract: Rechargeable batteries paired with sodium (Na)-metal anodes are considered as one of the most promising high energy and low-cost energy storage systems. However, the use of highly reactive Na metal and the formation of Na dendrites during battery operation have caused significant safety concerns, especially when highly flammable liquid electrolytes are used. Herein, we design and develop a solvent-free solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based block copolymer for safe and stable all-solid-state Na-metal batteries. Compared with traditional poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) or PEG SPEs, our results suggest that block copolymer design allows for the formation of self-assembled microstructures leading to high storage modulus at elevated temperatures with the PEG domains providing transport channels even at high salt concentration (EO/Na+ = 8:2). Moreover, it is demonstrated that the incorporation of PFPE segments enhances the Na+ transference number of the electrolyte to 0.46 at 80 oC. Finally, the proposed SPE exhibits highly stable symmetric cell cycling performance with high current density (0.5 mA cm-2 and 1.0 mAh cm-2, up to 1300 hours). The assembled all-solid-state Na-metal batteries with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode demonstrate outstanding rate performance, high capacity retention and long-term charge/discharge stability (CE = 99.91%) after more than 900 cycles.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-09-2006
DOI: 10.1021/MA061395V
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7CP03389C
Abstract: MD simulations of ionic liquids support AFM data and point towards a likely relationship between interfacial structures and electrochemical performance.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-07-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41563-022-01319-W
Abstract: Polymer electrolytes provide a safe solution for future solid-state high-energy-density batteries. Materials that meet the simultaneous requirement of high ionic conductivity and high transference number remain a challenge, in particular for new battery chemistries beyond lithium such as Na, K and Mg. Herein, we demonstrate the versatility of a polymeric ionic liquid (PolyIL) as a polymer solvent to achieve this goal for both Na and K. Using molecular simulations, we predict and elucidate fast alkali metal ion transport in PolyILs through a structural diffusion mechanism in a polymer-in-salt environment, facilitating a high metal ion transference number simultaneously. Experimental validation of these computationally designed Na and K polymer electrolytes shows good ionic conductivities up to 1.0 × 10
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-10-2008
DOI: 10.1021/CM801468Q
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.1149/1.2073672
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C7CP06971E
Abstract: The influence of cations and anions chemistry on the physicochemical behaviour of OIPCs mixed with Na salts is illustrated.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 30-01-2018
DOI: 10.1063/1.5016460
Abstract: Ionic liquid electrolytes with high alkali salt concentrations have displayed some excellent electrochemical properties, thus opening up the field for further improvements to liquid electrolytes for lithium or sodium batteries. Fundamental computational investigations into these high concentration systems are required in order to gain a better understanding of these systems, yet they remain lacking. Small phosphonium-based ionic liquids with high concentrations of alkali metal ions have recently shown many promising results in experimental studies, thereby prompting us to conduct further theoretical exploration of these materials. Here, we conducted a molecular dynamics simulation on four small phosphonium-based ionic liquids with 50 mol. % LiFSI salt, focusing on the effect of cation structure on local structuring and ion diffusional and rotational dynamics—which are closely related to the electrochemical properties of these materials.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2001
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-10-2019
Abstract: Homochiral metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes have been recently reported for chiral separations. However, only a few high-quality homochiral polycrystalline MOF membranes have been fabricated due to the difficulty in crystallization of a chiral MOF layer without defects on porous substrates. Alternatively, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), which combine potential advantages of MOFs and polymers, have been widely demonstrated for gas separation and water purification. Here we report novel homochiral MOF-polymer MMMs for efficient chiral separation. Homochirality was successfully incorporated into achiral MIL-53-NH
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-11-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-04-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2012
Abstract: Bi-functional oxygen electrodes are an enabling component for rechargeable metal-air batteries and regenerative fuel cells, both of which are regarded as the next-generation energy devices with zero emission. Nonetheless, at the present, no single metal oxide component can catalyze both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with high performance which leads to large overpotential between ORR and OER. This work strives to address this limitation by studying the bi-functional electrocatalytic activity of the composite of a good ORR catalyst compound (e.g. palladium oxide, PdO) and a good OER catalyst compound (e.g. ruthenium oxide, RuO 2 ) in alkaline solution (0.1M KOH) utilizing a thin-film rotating disk electrode technique. The studied compositions include PdO, RuO 2 , PdO/RuO 2 (25wt.%/75wt.%), PdO/RuO 2 (50wt.%/50wt.%) and PdO/RuO 2 (75wt.%/25wt.%). The lowest overpotential (e.g. E (2 mA cm −2 ) - E (-2 mA cm −2 )) of 0.82 V is obtained for PdO/RuO 2 (25wt.%/75wt.%) (versus Ag|AgCl (3M NaCl) reference electrode).
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C4TA05792A
Abstract: Supramolecular ionic networks based on delocalized di-anionic compounds combined ionic conductivity and self-healing properties into the same material.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-11-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.9B02416
Abstract: The use of high concentrations of alkali metal ion salts in ionic liquids (ILs) has been demonstrated to significantly improve electrolyte performance, increase alkali metal ion transference numbers, and promote the formation of favorable SEI structures enabling long-term stable cycling. One challenge in using this material is the overall low ionic conductivity, which is a common effect of increased salt concentration. This simulation work first investigated the strategy of using mixed anions to tune the ionic conductivity in a concentrated IL (or "ionic liquid-in-salt") system having 50 mol % lithium salt. The effects of binding strength, size, and mobility of selected anions on coordination and dynamics of lithium ions were discussed. The results confirm its feasibility and provide general guidance for the selection of anions to improve the ionic conductivity of salt-concentrated electrolyte systems based on ionic liquids and other solvent systems.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-02-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-03-2007
DOI: 10.1021/MA062483I
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-08-2023
DOI: 10.20944/PREPRINTS202308.1845.V1
Abstract: The inhibition of localised corrosion is known to involve multiple processes taking place over a range of time and length scales that are difficult to study by conventional electrochemical methods. This work demonstrates an approach to probing complex localised electrochemical processes by combining an electrochemically integrated multi-electrode array (also known as wire beam electrode (WBE)), scanning vibrating electrode technique, scanning electrochemical microscopy and surface analytical techniques. Each technique reveals certain aspects of the dynamically changing, multi-scale, inhibitor-microstructure interactions and local chemistry over a heterogeneous AA2024-T3 alloy surface in the presence of an environmentally friendly inhibitor cerium diphenyl phosphate (Ce(dpp)3).
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-07-2008
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1039/B806641H
Abstract: The photo-, thermo- and solvatochromic properties of 2,3-dihydro-1',3',3'-trimethyl-6-nitrospiro-[1-benzopyran-2,2'-1H-indole] (BSP-NO(2)) were studied in ILs containing the anion [NTf(2)](-) by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, ab initio molecular orbital theory and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It was found that the kinetics and thermodynamics of the BSP-NO(2) MC (merocyanine) equilibrium was sensitive to the nature of the cation. It was also observed that the imidazolium cation can form a through-space orbital interaction with the MC isomer, rather than a simple electrostatic interaction, thus preventing the MC conversion back to the BSP-NO(2) isomer. The BSP-NO(2) MC equilibrium thus serves as a model system for studying modes of interaction of the cations in ionic liquids.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7CP90203D
Abstract: Correction for ‘Elucidation of transport mechanism and enhanced alkali ion transference numbers in mixed alkali metal–organic ionic molten salts’ by Fangfang Chen et al. , Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , 2016, 18 , 19336–19344.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D1EE02929K
Abstract: A non-flammable ionic liquid-ether based hybrid electrolyte shows a robust Li deposition morphology and a very stable cycling of NMC|Li metal cell facilitated by a beneficial interphase formation at the anode surface.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2003
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-08-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1993
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-12-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-01-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-09-2016
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 29-10-2002
DOI: 10.1039/B208372H
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2007
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-11-2012
DOI: 10.1021/JP311372A
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 02-10-2001
DOI: 10.1039/B107545D
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-09-2001
DOI: 10.1002/PI.753
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-11-2022
DOI: 10.3390/GELS8110725
Abstract: Sodium metal batteries are an emerging technology that shows promise in terms of materials availability with respect to lithium batteries. Solid electrolytes are needed to tackle the safety issues related to sodium metal. In this work, a simple method to prepare a mechanically robust and efficient soft solid electrolyte for sodium batteries is demonstrated. A task-specific iongel electrolyte was prepared by combining in a simple process the excellent performance of sodium metal electrodes of an ionic liquid electrolyte and the mechanical properties of polymers. The iongel was synthesized by fast ( min) UV photopolymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) in the presence of a saturated 42%mol solution of sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI) in trimethyl iso-butyl phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P111i4FSI). The resulting soft solid electrolytes showed high ionic conductivity at room temperature (≥10−3 S cm−1) and tunable storage modulus (104–107 Pa). Iongel with the best ionic conductivity and good mechanical properties (Iongel10) showed excellent battery performance: Na/iongel/NaFePO4 full cells delivered a high specific capacity of 140 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and 120 mAh g−1 at 1 C with good capacity retention after 30 cycles.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-07-2007
DOI: 10.1021/JP072737H
Abstract: Pulsed field gradient NMR is a powerful method for the measurement of diffusion coefficients in liquids and solids and has begun to attract much attention in the ionic liquids field. However, aspects of the methodology as traditionally applied to solutions may not be uniformly applicable in these more viscous and chemically complex systems. In this paper we present data which shows that the Pulsed Gradient Spin Echo (PGSE) method in particular suffers from intrinsic internal gradients and can produce apparent diffusion coefficients which vary by as much as 20% for different 1H nuclei within a given molecule--an obvious anomaly. In contrast, we show that the Pulsed Gradient Stimulated Echo method does not suffer from this problem to the same extent and produces self-consistent data to a high degree of accuracy (better than 1%). This level of significance has allowed the detection, in this work, of subtle mixing effects in [C(3)mpyr][NTf(2)] and [C(4)mpyr][NTf(2)] mixtures.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-01-2016
Abstract: A new liquid-crystalline ion gel exhibits unprecedented properties: conductivity up to 8 mS cm(-1) , thermal stability to 300 °C, and electrochemical window to 6.1 V, as well as adjustable transport anisotropy (up to 3.5×) and elastic modulus (0.03-3 GPa). The combination of ionic liquid and magnetically oriented rigid-rod polyanion provides widely tunable properties for use in erse electrochemical devices.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1999
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7TA08653A
Abstract: Microstructural features significantly affecting lithium ion dynamics and conduction within the crystalline structure of pyrrolidinium based organic ionic plastic crystals.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4CP00749B
Abstract: The coordination of zinc ions by tetraglyme has been investigated here to support the development of novel electrolytes for rechargeable zinc batteries. Zn(2+) reduction is electrochemically reversible from tetraglyme. The spectroscopic data, molar conductivity and thermal behavior as a function of zinc composition, between mole ratios [80 : 20] and [50 : 50] [tetraglyme : zinc chloride], all suggest that strong interactions take place between chloro-zinc complexes and tetraglyme. Varying the concentration of zinc chloride produces a range of zinc-chloro species (ZnClx)(2-x) in solution, which hinder full interaction between the zinc ion and tetraglyme. Both the [70 : 30] and [50 : 50] mixtures are promising electrolyte candidates for reversible zinc batteries, such as the zinc-air device.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-09-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1995
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-09-2021
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C0CP02084B
Abstract: In the present study we expand our analysis of using two contrasting organic solvent additives (toluene and THF) in an ionic liquid (IL)/Li NTf(2) electrolyte. Multinuclear Pulsed-Field Gradient (PFG) NMR, spin-lattice (T(1)) relaxation times and conductivity measurements over a wide temperature range are discussed in terms of transport properties and structuring of the liquid. The conductivity of both additive s les is enhanced the most at low temperatures, with THF slightly more effective than toluene. Both the anion and lithium self-diffusivity are enhanced in the same order by the additives (THF > toluene) while that of the pyrrolidinium cation is marginally enhanced. (1)H spin-lattice relaxation times indicate a reasonable degree of structuring and anisotropic motion within all of the s les and both (19)F and (7)Li highlight the effectiveness of THF at influencing the lithium coordination within these systems.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-03-2022
DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2039349
Abstract: Microbiologically influenced corrosion and biofouling of steels depend on the adsorption of a conditioning film and subsequent attachment of bacteria. Extracellular deoxyribonucleic acid (eDNA) and amino acids are biologically critical nutrient sources and are ubiquitous in marine environments. However, little is known about their role as conditioning film molecules in early biofilm formation on metallic surfaces. The present study evaluated the capacity for eDNA and amino acids to form a conditioning film on carbon steel (CS), and subsequently, the influence of these conditioning films on bacterial attachment using a marine bacterial strain. Conditioning films of eDNA or amino acids were formed on CS through physical adsorption. Biochemical and microscopic analysis of eDNA conditioning, amino acid conditioning and control CS surfaces demonstrated that organic conditioning surfaces promoted bacterial attachment. The results highlight the importance of conditioning the surface in initial bacterial attachment to steel.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1995
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-08-2019
Abstract: The conversion of renewable plant polyphenol to advanced materials with tailorable properties and various functions is desirable and challenging. In this work, monovalent cation‐phenolic crystals contained K + or Na + ions were synthesized by using plant polyphenol as an organic source in alkaline solution. The crystal structure was resolved, showing a laminar crystal structure with M + as connecting nodes. The morphologies (e.g., rod‐like and spindle‐shaped) and chemical compositions of crystals could be tuned by changing the cations. Interestingly, these polymer crystals exhibited a pH‐driven reversible crystal transformation. They transformed into their protonated crystalline form under acidic conditions (e.g., pH 2) and went back to the cation‐bound crystalline form in alkaline solutions. Furthermore, the crystals proved excellent antioxidants and heavy metal ion adsorbents.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 10-07-2002
DOI: 10.1117/12.475170
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1039/B103064G
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-04-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-020-63473-Y
Abstract: In order to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical energy density in sodium oxygen batteries challenges need to be overcome. In this work, four commercial air cathodes were selected, and the impacts of their morphologies, structure and chemistry on their performance with a pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquid electrolyte are evaluated. The highest discharge capacity was found for a cathode with a pore size ca . 6 nm this was over 100 times greater than that delivered by a cathode with a pore size less than 2 nm. The air cathode with the highest specific surface area and the presence of a microporous layer (BC39) exhibited the highest specific capacity (0.53 mAh cm −2 ).
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 09-01-2013
DOI: 10.1149/2.010303EEL
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-12-2021
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1149/1.2217260
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 21-06-2021
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-568214/V1
Abstract: Low-grade waste heat is an abundant and underutilised energy source, and the promise of thermo-electrochemical cells to harvest this resource and power applications such as wearable devices and sensors is increasingly being realised. However, despite substantial advances in performance in recent years, understanding the interior processes occurring within these devices remains a challenge. Here we report an operando magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach that can provide quantitative spatial maps of electrolyte temperature and redox ion concentrations in functioning thermo-electrochemical cells. Time-resolved images are obtained from liquid and gel electrolytes, allowing the effects of redox reactions and competing mass transfer effects such as thermophoresis and diffusion to be visualised and correlated with the device performance via simultaneous electrochemical measurements. This method offers valuable insights into these devices and will greatly aid their future design and optimisation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1996
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2JM15288F
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1071/CH13107
Abstract: Microbial infection of surfaces and the formation of biofilms is a pervasive problem that appears in erse fields from medical implants to corrosion of marine structures. We show here, for the first time, the multifunctional inhibitory effects of an environmentally friendly organic salt, cetrimonium nalidixate, a dual active compound based on concepts emerging from the active ionic liquids field. This salt when incorporated into a polyurethane coating leads to complete inhibition of microbiologically influenced corrosion in the presence of several bacteria strains commonly found in marine environments.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1CC13205A
Abstract: We describe a porphyrin dye-sensitised solar cell utilising a solid state electrolyte containing the I(-)/I(3)(-) redox couple, which yields a performance of 5.3% under moderate light intensity and 4.8% at full sun.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-09-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2003
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-10-2023
DOI: 10.3390/MET13101703
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1992
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 29-01-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-02-2018
Abstract: The chemical composition of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formed on the surface of lithium metal electrodes cycled in phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes are characterized by magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A multiphase layered structure is revealed, which is shown to remain relatively unchanged during extended cycling (up to 250 cycles at 1.5 mA·cm
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 22-08-2016
Abstract: Inorganic-organic nanostructured hybrid membranes based on polyethersulfone (PES)-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were prepared with mesoporous silica materials. All the hybrid membranes showed the similar phosphoric acid (PA) uptake. However, the proton conductivity of the PA-PES-PVP membrane was significantly increased after the addition of the inorganic fillers, especially for the amino-functionalized hollow mesoporous silica (NH 2 -HMS). The cell performance test also confirmed the superiority of the PES-PVP membranes with the inorganic fillers. The highest peak power density at 180 o C reached up to 480 mW cm -2 for the NH 2 -HMS based composite membrane fuel cell, which is 92.7 % higher than that of the PA-PES-PVP membrane fuel cell at the identical condition. The outstanding performance of the inorganic-organic hybrid membranes might be due to the facilitated proton transportation in the ordered mesoporous channels, and the great water retention of the inorganic fillers.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1999
DOI: 10.1038/45514
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 14-04-2021
Abstract: Sodium ion batteries are widely considered to be a feasible, cost-effective, and sustainable energy storage alternative to Lithium, especially for large-scale energy storage applications. Next generation, safer electrolytes based on ionic liquid (IL) and organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) have been demonstrated as electrochemically stable systems which show superior performance in both Li and Na applications. In particular, phosphonium‐based systems outperform most studied nitrogen‐based ILs and OIPCs. In this study triisobutyl(methyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ([P 1i444 ][FSI]) OIPC mixed with 20 mol% of NaFSI or NaTFSI were combined with an electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) support to create self-standing electrolyte membranes, and their thermal phase behaviour and ionic conductivity were investigated and compared with the bulk electrolytes. The ability of the solid-state composite electrolytes to support the cycling of sodium metal with good efficiency and without breakdown were examined in sodium metal symmetrical coin cells. The sodium transference number was determined to be 0.21. The electrochemical performance of Na/Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cells incorporating the composite electrolytes, including good cycling stability and rate capability, is also reported. Interestingly, the mixed anion systems appear to outperform the composite electrolyte containing only FSI anions, which may relate to electrolyte interactions with the PVDF fibres.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/B920406G
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-11-2018
Abstract: Homochiral metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained much attention because of their chiral properties and disposition for chiral separation. However, the fabrication of high‐quality homochiral MOF membranes remains challenging because of the difficulty in controlling growth of MOF membranes with chiral functionalities. A homochiral zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) membrane is reported for efficient chiral separation. The membrane is synthesized by incorporating a natural amino acid, l ‐histidine ( l ‐His), into the framework of ZIF‐8. The homochiral l ‐His‐ZIF‐8 membrane exhibits a good selectivity for the R ‐enantiomer of 1‐phenylethanol over the S ‐enantiomer, showing a high enantiomeric excess value up to 76 %.
Publisher: Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP)
Date: 10-2016
DOI: 10.5006/1637
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-09-2017
Abstract: As differentiated from conventional synthetic processes, amino-functionalized hollow mesoporous silica (NH
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 09-08-2002
Abstract: π-Conjugated polymers that are electrochemically cycled in ionic liquids have enhanced lifetimes without failure (up to 1 million cycles) and fast cycle switching speeds (100 ms). We report results for electrochemical mechanical actuators, electrochromic windows, and numeric displays made from three types of π -conjugated polymers: polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene. Experiments were performed under ambient conditions, yet the polymers showed negligible loss in electroactivity. These performance advantages were obtained by using environmentally stable, room-temperature ionic liquids composed of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium cations together with anions such as tetrafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1995
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-2021
DOI: 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.14702748.V1
Abstract: ABSTRACT Cell formation of lithium-ion cells impacts the evolution of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the cell cycle stability. Lithium metal anodes are an important step in the development of high energy density batteries owing to the high theoretical specific capacity of lithium metal. However, most lithium metal battery research has used a conventional lithium-ion formation protocol this is time consuming, costly and does not account for the different properties of the lithium metal electrode. Here, we have used a recently reported promising phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ionic liquid electrolyte coupled with an NMC622 high areal capacity cathode ( .5 mAh/cm2) to investigate the effect of cell formation rates. A faster formation protocol comprised of a pulsed 1.25C current decreased the formation time by 56 % and gave a 38 % greater capacity retention after 50 cycles when compared to formation at C/20. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements showed that the fast formation gave rise to a lower-resistance SEI. Column-like lithium deposits with reduced porous lithium domains between the particles were observed using scanning electron microscope imaging. To underline the excellent performance of these high energy-density cells, a 56 % greater stack specific energy was achieved compared to the analogous graphite-based lithium-ion cell chemistries.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C8CP00911B
Abstract: The HOESY (Heteronuclear Overhauser Effect SpectroscopY) NMR experiment is commonly used to study interactions and structuring in ionic liquids (ILs) via the measurement of the cross relaxation rate σ between two spins. In the intermolecular case, σ is proportional to r-n, where r is the internuclear distance and n can vary between 1 and 6 depending on the frequency of the nuclei and their dynamics, thus σ can potentially provide detailed information on the liquid phase structure. However, in HOESY studies of ILs only relative values for σ are typically reported, making comparisons between different s les difficult. Herein we discuss the quantitative measurement of intermolecular cross relaxation rates based on the normalisation of HOESY signal intensities to the nuclear Boltzmann polarisation, demonstrated for 7Li-1H spin pairs in a lithium-containing pyrrolidinum-based ionic liquid electrolyte. We also use a simple model based on diffusing hard spheres for interpreting these quantities in terms of a distance of closest approach.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 16-01-2006
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-03-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-2004
DOI: 10.1021/JA045013H
Abstract: Doping the molecular plastic crystal of succinonitrile with solid N-methyl-N-butylpyrrolidinium iodide salt and iodine has produced a highly conductive solid iodide/triiodide conductor. Furthermore, it was employed for a highly efficient, all-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1996
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1EE01062J
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1149/2.0631802JES
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 26-08-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-07-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 25-08-2021
DOI: 10.33774/CHEMRXIV-2021-TMG9M
Abstract: Composite solid electrolytes including inorganic nanoparticles or nanofibers which improve the performance of polymer electrolytes due to their superior mechanical, ionic conductivity or lithium transference number are actively being searched for applications in lithium metal batteries. However, inorganic nanoparticles present limitations such as its tedious surface functionalization and agglomeration issues and poor homogeneity at high concentrations in polymer matrices. In this work, we report on polymer nanoparticles with lithium sulfonamide surface functionality (LiPNP) for application as electrolytes in lithium metal battery. The particles are prepared by semibatch emulsion polymerization, an easily up–scalable technique. LiPNPs are used to prepare two different families of particle reinforced solid electrolytes. When mixed with polyethylene oxide and lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI/PEO), the particles provoke a significant stiffening effect (E´ 106 Pa vs. 105 Pa at 80 ºC) while retaining high ionic conductivity (σ = 6.6 × 10–4 S cm–1). Preliminary testing in LiFePO4 full cells, showed promising performance of the PEO nanocomposite electrolytes. By mixing the particles with propylene carbonate without any additional salt, we obtain true single ion conducting gel electrolytes as the lithium sulfonamide surface functionalities are the only sources of lithium ions in the system. The gel electrolytes are mechanically robust (up to G´ =106 Pa) and show ionic conductivity up to 10–4 S cm–1. Finally, the PC nanocomposite electrolytes were tested in symmetrical lithium cells. Our findings suggest that all–polymer nanoparticles could represent a new building block material for solid–state lithium metal battery applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-06-2018
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1149/1.3486119
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-03-2021
DOI: 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.14254109
Abstract: Future rechargeable Li metal batteries (LMBs) require a rational electrolyte design to stabilize the interfaces between the electrolyte and both the lithium metal anode and the high voltage cathode. This remains the greatest challenge in achieving high cycling performance in LMBs. We report an ether-aided ionic liquid electrolyte which offers superior Li metal deposition, high voltage (5 V) stability and non-flammability. High performance cycling of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (4.4 V) and LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (4.3 V) cells is demonstrated with high coulombic efficiency ( .5%) at room temperature and elevated temperatures, even at high ractical areal capacity for the latter of 3.8 mAh/cm2 and with a capacity retention of 91% after cycles. The ether-ionic liquid chemistry enables desirable plated Li microstructures with high packing density, minimal ‘dead’ or inactive lithium formation and dendrite-free long-term cycling. Along with XPS studies of cycled electrode surfaces, we use molecular dynamics simulations to demonstrate that changes to the electrolyte interfacial chemistry upon addition of DME plays a decisive role in the formation of a compact stable SEI.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2005
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-03-2009
Abstract: Electrodeposition of aluminium is possible from solutions of AlCl(3) dissolved in the 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (C(4)mpyrNTf(2)) ionic liquid. However, electrodeposition is dependant on the AlCl(3) concentration as it only occurs at concentrations >1.6 mol L(-1). At these relatively high AlCl(3) concentrations the C(4)mpyrNTf(2)/AlCl(3) mixtures exhibit biphasic behaviour. Notably, at 1.6 mol L(-1) AlCl(3), aluminium can only be electrodeposited from the upper phase. Conversely, we found that at 3.3 mol L(-1) aluminium electrodeposition can only occur from the lower phase. The complex chemistry of the C(4)mpyrNTf(2)/AlCl(3) system is described and implications of aluminium speciation in several C(4)mpyrNTf(2)/AlCl(3) mixtures, as deduced from Raman and (27)Al NMR spectroscopic data, are discussed. The (27)Al NMR spectra of the C(4)mpyrNTf(2)/AlCl(3) mixtures revealed the presence of both tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated aluminium species. Raman spectroscopy revealed that the level of uncoordinated NTf(2)(-) anions decreased with increasing AlCl(3) concentration. Quantum chemical calculations using density functional and ab initio theory were employed to identify plausible aluminium-containing species and to calculate their vibrational frequencies, which in turn assisted the assignment of the observed Raman bands. The data indicate that the electroactive species involved are likely to be either [AlCl(3)(NTf(2))](-) or [AlCl(2)(NTf(2))(2)](-).
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4TA03998J
Abstract: A family of novel sulfonate based homopolymers has been prepared by partially replacing sodium cations with different types of ionic liquid ammonium counter-cations, leading to an increased degree of decoupling of the conductivity from the glass transition of the ionomers.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-11-2022
Abstract: Silicon-containing Li-ion batteries have been the focus of many energy storage research efforts because of the promise of high energy density. Depending on the system, silicon generally demonstrates stable performance in half-cells, which is often attributed to the unlimited lithium supply from the lithium (Li) metal counter electrode. Here, the electrochemical performance of silicon with a high voltage NMC622 cathode was investigated in superconcentrated phosphonium-based ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes. As a matter of fact, there is very limited work and understanding of the full cell cycling of silicon in such a new class of electrolytes. The electrochemical behavior of silicon in the various IL electrolytes shows a gradual and steeper capacity decay, compared to what we previously reported in half-cells. This behavior is linked to a different evolution of the silicon morphology upon cycling, and the characterization of cycled electrodes points toward mechanical reasons, complete disconnection of part of the electrode, or internal mechanical stress, due to silicon and Li metal volume variation upon cycling, to explain the progressive capacity fading in full cell configuration. An extremely stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in the full Li-ion cells can be seen from a combination of qualitative and quantitative information from transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. Our findings provide a new perspective to full cell interpretation regarding capacity fading, which is oftentimes linked almost exclusively to the loss of Li inventory but also more broadly, and provide new insights into the impact of the evolution of silicon morphology on the electrochemical behavior.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 21-11-2012
DOI: 10.1149/2.019302JES
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 24-08-2001
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-12-2019
Abstract: We discuss here the time-temperature scaling and dielectric modeling of the variation of single-ion conductivity with frequency of first generation (G
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1CC10929D
Abstract: A novel organic ionic plastic crystal (OIPC) electrolyte based on a quaternary ammonium cation and the triflate anion has been synthesized, which shows fast proton transport and high thermal stability in the solid state when doped with triflic acid.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-04-2010
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C6TA10340E
Abstract: Phase behaviour of a new class of solid state electrolyte with different concentration of Na salt is illustrated for the first time.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-01-2011
Abstract: A binary ionic liquid (IL) system based on a common cation, N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidinium (C(3) mpyr(+)), and either bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NTf(2) (-)) or bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide (FSI(-) as the anion is explored over its entire composition range. Phase behavior, determined by DSC, shows the presence of a eutectic temperature at 247 K and composition around an anion ratio of 2:1 (FSI(-) :NTf(2)(-)) with the phase diagram for this system proposed (under the thermal conditions used). Importantly for electrochemical devices, the single phase melting transition at the eutectic is well below ambient temperatures (247 K). To investigate the effect of such anion mixing on the lithium ion speciation, conductivity and PFG-NMR diffusion measurements were performed in both the binary IL system as well as the Li-NTf(2) -containing ternary system. The addition of the lithium salt to the mixed IL system resulted in a decrease in conductivity, as is commonly observed in the single-component IL systems. For a fixed lithium salt composition, both conductivity and ion diffusion have linear behaviour as a function of the anion ratio, however, the rate of change of the diffusion coefficient seems greater in the presence of lithium. From the application point of view, the addition of the FSI(-) to the NTf(2)(-) IL results in a considerable increase in lithium ion diffusivity at room temperature and no evidence of additional complex ion behaviour.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-03-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-04-2014
DOI: 10.1021/JP501665G
Abstract: In order to expand our understanding of a potential zinc-based battery electrolyte, we have characterized the physical and transport properties of the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium dicyanamide ([C4mpyr][dca]) containing various levels of both Zn(2+) and H2O. Detailed measurements of density, viscosity, conductivity, and in idual anion and cation diffusion coefficients using pulsed-field-gradient (PFG) NMR combined with NMR chemical shifts and spin-lattice relaxation (T1) NMR experiments provide insights into the motion and chemical environment of all molecular species. We find that the various techniques for probing ion transport and dynamics form a coherent picture as a function of electrolyte composition. Zn(2+) addition causes a moderate reduction in the self-diffusion of the IL anion and cation, whereas the addition of H2O increases ion mobility by increasing the liquid's overall fluidity. Temperature-dependent (13)C T1 experiments of the dca carbon analyzed using Bloembergen-Purcell-Pound fits show monotonic slowing of anion dynamics with Zn(2+) addition, suggesting increased Zn(2+)/dca(-) association. T1 experiments show minimal change in the spin-lattice relaxation of cation or anion upon H2O addition, suggesting that H2O is playing no significant role in Zn(2+) speciation. Finally, we employ a novel electrophoretic NMR technique to directly determine the electrophoretic mobility of the C4mpyr cation, which we discuss in the context of impedance-based conductivity measurements.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-03-2021
DOI: 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.14254109.V1
Abstract: Future rechargeable Li metal batteries (LMBs) require a rational electrolyte design to stabilizethe interfaces between the electrolyte and both the lithium metal anode and the high voltagecathode. This remains the greatest challenge in achieving high cycling performance inLMBs. We report an ether-aided ionic liquid electrolyte which offers superior Li metaldeposition, high voltage (5 V) stability and non-flammability. High performance cycling ofLiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (4.4 V) and LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (4.3 V) cells is demonstrated with highcoulombic efficiency ( .5%) at room temperature and elevated temperatures, even at highpractical areal capacity for the latter of 3.8 mAh/cm2 and with a capacity retention of 91% after100 cycles. The ether-ionic liquid chemistry enables desirable plated Li microstructures withhigh packing density, minimal ‘dead’ or inactive lithium formation and dendrite-free long-termcycling. Along with XPS studies of cycled electrode surfaces, we use molecular dynamicssimulations to demonstrate that changes to the electrolyte interfacial chemistry upon additionof DME plays a decisive role in the formation of a compact stable SEI.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0TA03502E
Abstract: Organic salts are being considered for the electrolyte solvent in rechargeable lithium-metal batteries (LMBs).
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C4CP05333H
Abstract: Electrolytes based on bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI) with a range of LiFSI salt concentrations were characterized using physical property measurements, as well as NMR, FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-11-2000
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1071/CH08456
Abstract: The crystal structures of several low-melting salts containing trihalide ions, namely 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tribromide ([C2mim][Br3]), 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium tribromide ([C2mpyr][Br3]), and 1-propyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium triiodide ([C3mpyr][I3]), are reported for the first time. Thermal analysis reveals that the tribromide salts are lower-melting than their monohalide analogues. Analysis of the crystal structures allows examination of the influence of the anions on the physical properties of the salts.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-06-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-10-2011
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1RA01844B
Abstract: The free energy calculation shows the different free energy changes of the adsorption and absorption of gas molecules into an organic ionic plastic crystal, successfully predicting the gas selectivity of this new type of gas separation material.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-11-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41529-017-0016-Z
Abstract: Ionic liquids are unique solvents composed entirely of ions and have recently been considered for applications ranging from synthesis, separations, electrochemical devices, tribology and corrosion. In this perspective, we summarise the literature, and look at the future prospects, surrounding the use of ionic liquids in the engineering of interphases to control charge transport thereby leading to improved performance of high-energy density batteries, including Mg, Li and Na metal as well as corrosion protection of reactive engineering alloys, such as aluminium, magnesium and steel alloys. The ability to create task-specific ionic liquids by controlling the chemistry of either the anion or the cation means that interphases can be engineered for specific substrates and applications. Thus far, fluorine containing anions, such as bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonamide and its analogues, have been favoured for controlling the conductive solid–electrolyte interphase layer on Li and Na, while ionic liquids containing organophosphate anions have been used to form nanometre thick protective interphases on Mg alloys. Recently, ionic liquids based on carboxylate anions have also been shown to provide excellent corrosion inhibition for steel. In the search for cost-effective solutions, a relatively new class of ionic liquids, termed deep eutectic solvents, have also been explored as potential media for controlling surface films on reactive metals. The deep eutectic solvents class of ionic liquid materials offers many possible combinations of chemistry that can be targeted to produce desired properties in this context.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-01-2001
DOI: 10.1021/CM000625W
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2003
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1071/CH19581
Abstract: Electrodeposition using ionic liquids has emerged as an environmentally friendly approach to recover critical metals, such a neodymium. The investigation of ionic liquid chemistries and compositions is an important part of the move towards efficient neodymium recovery from end-of-life products that needs further research. Thus, in this paper we have investigated a series of phosphonium ionic liquids as potential electrolytic media. Anions such as bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (TFSI), dicyanamide (DCA), and triflate (TfO) have been investigated, in combination with short- and long-alkyl-chain phosphonium cations. The work here suggests that [TFSI]– is one of the most promising anions for successful deposition of Nd and that water plays an important role. In contrast, electrochemical behaviour was significantly hindered in the case of DCA ionic liquid, most likely owing to strong coordination between [DCA]– and Nd3+. Mixtures of anions, [TfO]– and [TFSI]–, have also been investigated in this work, resulting in two reduction processes that could be related to a different deposition mechanism involving two steps, as observed in the case of dysprosium or, alternatively, different coordination environments that have distinct deposition potentials. Additionally, we investigated the influence of electrode substrates – glassy carbon and copper. Cu electrodes resulted in the largest current densities and thus were used for subsequent electrodeposition at constant potential. These findings are valuable for optimising the deposition of Nd in order to develop more efficient and inexpensive recycling technologies for rare earth metals.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2026
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-03-2022
Abstract: The incorporation of organic corrosion inhibitors into waterborne coatings is optimized in this work. Herein, p‐coumaric acid (4‐hydroxycinnamic acid) is modified by a butyl radical and its effectiveness as an anticorrosive free inhibitor in solution is confirmed by potentiodynamic polarization (PP). The molecule is then successfully incorporated into waterborne polymeric binders by employing different polymerization techniques in dispersed media. Whenever possible, the inhibitor is also blended into the bare latexes to compare the effect of the incorporating method. The anticorrosion performance of the obtained coatings is tested and compared by electrochemical analysis. Promising results are obtained for the coatings produced by semibatch emulsion polymerization even at the low concentration of 1.5 mg of inhibitor g −1 latex. The intact control coating without inhibitor shows an impedance of up to 10 6 Ω and a phase angle of 72° after 1 h of immersion in the corrosive medium, meanwhile the coating with inhibitor shows higher values, 10 6.7 Ω and 80°. Active corrosion inhibition is observed in the coating with inhibitor in which a defect has been done, as the impedances drop to 10 3.9 Ω after 24 h of immersion in the saline solution while in the control scratched coating it drops to 10 3.6 Ω.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 28-04-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 15-03-2006
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1039/B512902H
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-01-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.JMR.2014.09.017
Abstract: The ability to image electrochemical processes in situ using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers exciting possibilities for understanding and optimizing materials in batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors. In these applications, however, the quality of the MRI measurement is inherently limited by the presence of conductive elements in the cell or device. To overcome related difficulties, optimal methodologies have to be employed. We show that time-efficient three dimensional (3D) imaging of liquid and solid lithium battery components can be performed by Sectoral Fast Spin Echo and Single Point Imaging with T1 Enhancement (SPRITE), respectively. The former method is based on the generalized phase encoding concept employed in clinical MRI, which we have adapted and optimized for materials science and electrochemistry applications. Hard radio frequency pulses, short echo spacing and centrically ordered sectoral phase encoding ensure accurate and time-efficient full volume imaging. Mapping of density, diffusivity and relaxation time constants in metal-containing liquid electrolytes is demonstrated. 1, 2 and 3D SPRITE approaches show strong potential for rapid high resolution (7)Li MRI of lithium electrode components.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D0MA00992J
Abstract: Ion dynamics enhancements derived from anion–polymer interactions are proposed in organic ionic plastic crystal–poly(vinylidene fluoride)composite electrolytes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1999
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-1994
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-07-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4CP04101A
Abstract: Extensive evidence for the stability of the superoxide anion in phosphonium-based ILs is demonstrated by computational quantum chemistry and NMR.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-08-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JZ401415A
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2001
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-03-2022
Abstract: Employing high-voltage Ni-rich cathodes in Li metal batteries (LMBs) requires stabilization of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces at both electrodes. A stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) and suppression of active material pulverization remain the greatest challenges to achieving efficient long-term cycling. Herein, studies of NMC622 (1 mAh cm
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-02-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-08-2017
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 09-01-2003
DOI: 10.1039/B208454F
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2000
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C5SC04584C
Abstract: The proposed dendrimer based liquid electrolyte is a single-ion conductor where ion transport is altered by the nature of the chemical functionalities leading to large variations in anion diffusion and hence ionic transference number.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-01-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-10-2018
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-08-2018
Abstract: Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are a unique class of materials that exhibit a short-range disorder on the molecular level but are ordered at higher length scales. Recent experiments in our group have shown that the OIPC methyl(diethyl)isobutylphosphonium hexafluorophosphate ([P
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/CH06299
Abstract: Novel salts based the pyrrolidinium cation [Cnmpyr]+ (where n denote the number of carbons in the straight alkyl chain) and either the [NPf2]– or [CTf3]– anions have been synthesized and characterized to determine their thermal behaviour, stability, and conductivity. [C1mpyr][NPf2], [C2mpyr][NPf2], and [C1mpyr][CTf3] exhibit behaviour indicative of a plastic crystal phase. Both [C3mpyr][NPf2] and [C4mpyr][NPf2] are RTILs, while all of the [CTf3]– salts, have melting points above 60°C. [C3mpyr][NPf2] exhibited the widest electrochemical window of 5.5 V. The [NPf2]– salt exhibited similar reductive limits to the [NTf2]– anion, –3.2 V versus Fc+|Fc, while [CTf3]– had lower reductive stability. The [CTf3]– salts were more stable towards oxidation, +2.5 V versus Fc+|Fc, compared to the [NPf2]– and [NTf2]– salts.
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing Limited
Date: 2006
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 1994
DOI: 10.1039/JM9940401149
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2001
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0TA06927B
Abstract: This work highlights the importance of both the surface chemistry and the persistence length of crystalline pores in COFs. Protons are found to transfer predominantly through grain boundary regions instead of the crystalline pores.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA15153K
Abstract: We present for the first time, the solid state phase behaviour of the organic ionic plastic crystal (OIPC) N -methyl- N -ethyl-pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide, [C 2 mpyr][NTf 2 ], upon mixing with the sodium salt, Na[NTf 2 ].
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-07-2017
Abstract: Organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) are a class of solid-state electrolytes with good thermal stability, non-flammability, non-volatility, and good electrochemical stability. When prepared in a composite with electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) nanofibers, a 1:1 mixture of the OIPC N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ([C
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1039/B400452C
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-12-2014
DOI: 10.1021/LA503418U
Abstract: Atom probe tomography (APT) has been used to investigate the surface and sub-surface microstructures of aluminum alloy 2024 (AA2024) in the T3 condition (solution heat treated, cold worked, and naturally aged to a substantially stable condition). This study revealed surface Cu enrichment on the alloy matrix, local chemical structure around a dispersoid Al20Mn3Cu2 particle including a Cu-rich particle and S-phase particle on its external surface. Moreover, there was a significant level of hydrogen within the dispersoid, indicating that it is a hydrogen sink. These observations of the nanoscale structure around the dispersoid particle have considerable implications for understanding both corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement in high-strength aluminum alloys.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-01-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-01-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-03-2022
Abstract: We have investigated the sodium electrochemistry and the evolution and chemistry of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) upon cycling Na metal electrodes in two ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes. The effect of the IL cation chemistry was determined by examining the behavior of a phosphonium IL (P
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1039/B902200G
Abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs) form a novel class of electrolytes with unique properties that make them attractive candidates for electrochemical devices. In the present study a range of electrolytes were prepared based on the IL N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) amide ([C(3)mpyr][NTf(2)]) and LiNTf(2) salt. The traditional organic solvent diluents vinylene carbonate (VC), ethylene carbonate (EC), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and toluene were used as additives at two concentrations, 10 and 20 mol%, leading to a ratio of about 0.6 and 1.3 diluent molecules to lithium ions, respectively. Most promisingly, the lithium ions see the greatest effect in the presence of all the diluents, except toluene, producing a lithium self-diffusion coefficient of almost a factor of 2.5 times greater for THF at 20 mol%. Raman spectroscopy subtly indicates that THF may be effectively breaking up a small portion of the lithium ion-anion interaction. While comparing the measured molar conductivity to that calculated from the self-diffusion coefficients of the constituents indicates that the diluents cause an increase in the overall ion clustering. This study importantly highlights that selective ion transport enhancement is achievable in these materials.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6TA02817A
Abstract: Organic ionic plastic crystal (OIPC) modified poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) composite fiber membrane with enhanced ion dynamics and almost pure β-PVDF are demonstrated.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-02-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-09-2014
Abstract: Elucidating the rate and geometry of molecular dynamics is particularly important for unravelling ion-conduction mechanisms in electrochemical materials. The local molecular motions in the plastic crystal 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate ([C2 mpyr][BF4 ]) are studied by a combination of quantum chemical calculations and advanced solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. For the first time, a restricted puckering motion with a small fluctuation angle of 25° in the pyrrolidinium ring has been observed, even in the low-temperature phase (-45 °C). This local molecular motion is deemed to be particularly important for the material to maintain its plasticity, and hence, its ion mobility at low temperatures.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-11-2010
DOI: 10.1021/JP1054809
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-12-2018
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-2002
DOI: 10.1021/JP013819N
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2012
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-05-2001
DOI: 10.1021/MA001837H
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-09-2010
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 23-02-2023
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-2618698/V1
Abstract: The molecular and ionic assemblies at an electrode/liquid electrolyte interface, i.e., electric double layer (EDL), define battery performance by directing the formation of stable interphases. An unstable interphase can h er metal-cation diffusion, lead to continuous electrolyte consumption, and also promote non-uniform electrochemical processes, like dendrite formation. The co-selection of electrolyte chemistry and initial cycling conditions together are generally considered for the design of desirable interphases. At the same time, the dielectric nature of the electrode material is largely ignored, notwithstanding high unreliability of the assumption that the nature of the EDL and the mechanism of the interphase formation at metallic and semiconductive electrodes are identical. Here we show that the dielectric nature of the charged electrode greatly affects the interfacial metal-anion-solvent composition therefore, different interphase chemistry will be formed, suggesting different initial cycling conditions on a case-by-case basis to form the desired interphase. This phenomenon correlates with the metal ion solvation chemistry and the adsorption of species at the electrified electrode due to competition of van der Waals and Coulombic interactions.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-1993
DOI: 10.1021/CM00032A008
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1149/1.3429138
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1149/2.058204JES
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C4TA07155G
Abstract: Composite plastic crystal electrolytes are shown to exhibit enhanced ion transport due to release of Li + from a second phase into a solid solution.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-08-2010
DOI: 10.1021/JP104957J
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-03-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JP309442K
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-02-2016
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C8ME00103K
Abstract: Polymeric ionic liquids containing both ionic liquid-like moieties and polymer frameworks are promising alternative electrolytes/binders for Li-based rechargeable batteries.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-2021
DOI: 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.14702748
Abstract: ABSTRACT Cell formation of lithium-ion cells impacts the evolution of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the cell cycle stability. Lithium metal anodes are an important step in the development of high energy density batteries owing to the high theoretical specific capacity of lithium metal. However, most lithium metal battery research has used a conventional lithium-ion formation protocol this is time consuming, costly and does not account for the different properties of the lithium metal electrode. Here, we have used a recently reported promising phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ionic liquid electrolyte coupled with an NMC622 high areal capacity cathode ( .5 mAh/cm2) to investigate the effect of cell formation rates. A faster formation protocol comprised of a pulsed 1.25C current decreased the formation time by 56 % and gave a 38 % greater capacity retention after 50 cycles when compared to formation at C/20. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements showed that the fast formation gave rise to a lower-resistance SEI. Column-like lithium deposits with reduced porous lithium domains between the particles were observed using scanning electron microscope imaging. To underline the excellent performance of these high energy-density cells, a 56 % greater stack specific energy was achieved compared to the analogous graphite-based lithium-ion cell chemistries.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C7CP07330E
Abstract: Protic organic ionic plastic crystals based on different anions exhibit more than two orders of magnitude difference in conductivity.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-11-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-02-2012
DOI: 10.1021/JP211946N
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1039/B309358A
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C0JM04401F
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/C9TA12827A
Abstract: The interactions between OIPCs and polymer nanoparticles create interfacial layers that control the ion mobility of the resulting composite.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-10-2005
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 25-09-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-03-2023
DOI: 10.1002/APP.53809
Abstract: Herein, we describe the use of single‐ion conducting block copolymer (SIC) as an additional lithium salt additive to a ternary solid polymer electrolyte (SPE), consisting of a poly(styrene‐ b ‐1‐((2‐acryloyloxy)ethyl)‐3‐butylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfo‐nyl)imide) (S‐ImTFSI 64‐16 ) block copolymer, a N ‐propyl‐ N ‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (C 3 mpyrFSI) ionic liquid (IL) and a lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide (LiFSI) salt. For this purpose, the S‐ImTFSI 64‐16 was substituted by a SIC, based on poly(styrene‐ b ‐((4‐styrenesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide lithium salt)) (S‐STFSILi 64‐16 ), at various molar ratios. The impact of the SIC concentration on the phase behavior and transport properties of the SPEs was investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and diffusion NMR. In addition, the electrochemical performance of the SPEs was assessed in lithium symmetrical cell at 50 and 80°C. Finally, the cycling performance of a selected SPE was also assessed at 80°C in a Li│NMC 111 cell with capacity loading of 1.3 mAh.cm −2 at a C‐rate of 0.1 C. The Li│NMC 111 full cell was able to deliver a stable capacity of 0.94 mAh.cm −2 after 20 cycles, corresponding to a capacity of 117 mAh.g −1 . These results demonstrates that PIL block copolymer—IL—salt composites represent a promising choice of electrolyte for the next generation of solid‐state high energy density lithium metal batteries.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5CP03797B
Abstract: Impact of polymerizable moiety on the phase behaviour of imidazolium based ionic liquid crystal as a function of water content.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-11-1999
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D1MA00857A
Abstract: A hybrid solid electrolyte prepared by fast UV-photopolymerization of a single-ion polymer network and ceramic garnet LLZO nanoparticles with very high lithium conductivity is reported.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2005
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0MA00778A
Abstract: Nano-confinement can selectively change the rotational and translational motion of diethylmethylisobutylphosphonium cation, whereas leaving the hexafluorophosphate anion less affected.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-07-2022
Abstract: In this work, a novel protic polymerized ionic liquid [PSTFSI][Im] is synthesized. The [PSTFSI][Im] polymer presents moderate ionic conductivity and evidences proton activity. Incorporating protic ionic liquid (Protic IL) [MIm][TFSI], the composites present enhanced ionic conductivity, up to 10 −3 S cm −1 at 120 °C upon addition of 60 wt% [MIm][TFSI]. It is found that the [PSTFSI][Im] polymer matrix can promote ion dissociation of the [MIm][TFSI] IL, leading to a larger cation/anion relative mobility compared to the neat Protic IL. This work demonstrates the potential of protic PolyIL as a polymer matrix for proton conductors.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-02-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 18-02-2003
DOI: 10.1039/B208354J
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1CP21139K
Abstract: We report on the synthesis, characterisation, and physical and tribological properties of halogen-free ionic liquids based on various chelated orthoborate anions with different phosphonium cations, both without halogen atoms in their structure. Important physical properties of the ILs including glass transition temperatures, density, viscosity and ionic conductivity were measured and are reported here. All of these new halogen-free orthoborate ionic liquids (hf-BILs) are hydrophobic and hydrolytically stable liquids at room temperature. As lubricants, these hf-BILs exhibit considerably better antiwear and friction reducing properties under boundary lubrication conditions for steel-aluminium contacts as compared with fully formulated (15W-50 grade) engine oil. Being halogen free these hf-BILs offer a more environmentally benign alternative to ILs being currently developed for lubricant applications.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-11-2018
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.8B03021
Abstract: The HOESY NMR experiment is commonly used to probe ion associations in ionic liquids and their mixtures. The parameter measured in this experiment is the heteronuclear cross-relaxation rate σ, which has dimensions of s
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2000
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-07-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6CP01411A
Abstract: This work reveals how structure facilitates diffusion of the Li/Na ion in ionic liquids with the high Li/Na concentration.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-08-2008
DOI: 10.1021/JP806096W
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-04-2012
DOI: 10.1002/APJ.588
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-11-2021
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 02-0100
DOI: 10.1524/ZPCH.2006.220.10.1483
Abstract: The bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (TFSA) anion is widely studied as an ionic liquid (IL) forming anion which imparts many useful properties, notably electrochemical stability. Here we present electrochemical and spectroscopic evidence indicating that reductive decomposition of the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (TFSA) anion begins at ~ −2.0 V vs. Fc + /Fc, well before the reported cathodic limit for many of these ILs. These processes are shown to be dependent upon the electrode substrate and are influenced by the water content of the IL. Supporting ab initio calculations are presented which suggest a possible mechanism for the anion decomposition. The products appear to passivate the electrode surface and the implications of this behaviour are discussed.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-06-2023
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1149/1.2164726
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-06-2021
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1JM10417A
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1039/B814175D
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 09-08-2023
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1071/CH09006
Abstract: Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-coated counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells have been prepared at ambient temperature and without the use of iron-based oxidants, using an ionic liquid for the synthesis of the PEDOT. These electrodes show comparable electrocatalytic performance with conventional Pt-coated counter electrodes (solar cell efficiencies .5%).
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-08-2014
Abstract: Full conformational and energy explorations are conducted on an organic ionic plastic crystal, 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidium tetrafluoroborate [C2mpyr][BF4]. The onsets of various stages of dynamic behaviour, which appear to account for low-temperature solid-solid phase transitions, are investigated by using quantum-chemical simulations. It is suggested that pseudorotation of the pyrrolidine ring occurs in the first instance the partial rotation of the entire cation subsequently occurs and may be accompanied by reorientation of the ethyl chain as the temperature increases further. A cation-anion configuration, whereby BF4(-) interacts with the C2 mpy cation from the side of the ring, is the most likely structure in the low-temperature phase IV region. These interpretations are supported by (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance chemical-shift analysis.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C8CC00365C
Abstract: Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are widely considered as alternative, sustainable, and cost-effective energy storage devices for large-scale energy storage applications.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1PY00344E
Abstract: Solid-state lithium batteries are considered one of the most promising battery systems due to their high volumetric energy density, in this work a flame retarded polymer electrolyte is proposed.
No related grants have been discovered for Maria Forsyth.