ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0888-0730
Current Organisations
University of Nottingham
,
Örebro University Hospital
,
Örebro Univeristy
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-06-2014
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 19-10-2020
DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198848134.001.0001
Abstract: In the latter half of the twentieth century, Japan developed into a thriving economy, and the Japanese remain one of the healthiest populations in the world to this day. However, in the past 25 years, low growth, mounting debt, and rapid ageing have complicated this image, and global interest in the longevity and social cohesion of the Japanese populace is now greater than ever. Health in Japan brings together the perspectives and research of Japan's leading social epidemiologists in English for the first time, creating an informative text which is accessible to both Japanese and international readers. With chapters on key topics such as Chronic Disease, Disasters and Health, and Mental Health and Wellbeing, the textbook offers a comprehensive examination of the major health issues facing the country. The book focuses predominantly on the primary, upstream causes of health and disease, as well as evidence on the wider determinants of wellbeing and illness.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHEVOL.2022.103229
Abstract: In mammals, trait variation is often reported to be greater among males than females. However, to date, mainly only morphological traits have been studied. Energy expenditure represents the metabolic costs of multiple physical, physiological, and behavioral traits. Energy expenditure could exhibit particularly high greater male variation through a cumulative effect if those traits mostly exhibit greater male variation, or a lack of greater male variation if many of them do not. Sex differences in energy expenditure variation have been little explored. We analyzed a large database on energy expenditure in adult humans (1494 males and 3108 females) to investigate whether humans have evolved sex differences in the degree of interin idual variation in energy expenditure. We found that, even when statistically comparing males and females of the same age, height, and body composition, there is much more variation in total, activity, and basal energy expenditure among males. However, with aging, variation in total energy expenditure decreases, and because this happens more rapidly in males, the magnitude of greater male variation, though still large, is attenuated in older age groups. Considerably greater male variation in both total and activity energy expenditure could be explained by greater male variation in levels of daily activity. The considerably greater male variation in basal energy expenditure is remarkable and may be explained, at least in part, by greater male variation in the size of energy-demanding organs. If energy expenditure is a trait that is of indirect interest to females when choosing a sexual partner, this would suggest that energy expenditure is under sexual selection. However, we present a novel energetics model demonstrating that it is also possible that females have been under stabilizing selection pressure for an intermediate basal energy expenditure to maximize energy available for reproduction.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-02-2018
DOI: 10.1111/DME.13594
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/DME.13300
Abstract: To compare levels of paediatric parenting stress in the fathers and mothers of young children with Type 1 diabetes and study the variation in this stress over time. One hundred and twelve parents (56 mothers and 56 fathers) of young children (0-7 years) with Type 1 diabetes participated in this study. They completed the Pediatric Inventory for Parents to assess paediatric parenting stress (frequency and difficulty scores on the Communication, Emotional Distress, Medical Care and Role Functioning subscales and Total Score) 44 mothers (79%) and 31 fathers (55%) completed the questionnaire again, 1 year later. Independent and paired s le t-tests were used to examine the differences between fathers and mothers and the changes over time. Cohen's d effect sizes were also calculated. Mothers scored significantly higher than fathers on the stress subscales for Communication frequency and difficulty, Emotional Distress frequency and difficulty, Medical Care frequency and Total Score frequency and difficulty (d ranged from -0.44 to -0.56). Furthermore, fathers reported a decrease in Medical Care frequency (d = 0.10) and an increase in Emotional Distress difficulty (d = -0.32) and Total Score difficulty (d = -0.29), whereas mothers reported a decrease in Emotional Distress frequency, Medical Care frequency and Total Score frequency (d ranged from 0.31 to 0.66) over a 1-year period. These results show that within families with a young child with Type 1 diabetes, the burden of care increases in fathers and decreases in mothers, suggesting that fathers assume more responsibility for care of their child with Type 1 diabetes as the child grows.
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666220510172511
Abstract: The ision of care responsibilities between parents and children with type 1 diabetes, and an optimal transfer of responsibilities from parent to child over time are assumed to be key for optimal diabetes outcomes during childhood and adolescence. However, an overview of instruments assessing this ision as well as their psychometric qualities is currently lacking. The study aims to 1) identify all existing instruments, 2) evaluate their psychometric properties, and 3) provide an overview of scoring methods. Pubmed and PsycINFO were searched using a priori-defined search string. Peerreviewed studies in English using an instrument assessing the ision of diabetes care responsibilities between children (6-18 years) and parents were included. In total, 84 of 725 articles qualified, covering 62 unique s les. Thirteen questionnaires were identified. The Diabetes Family Responsibility Questionnaire (DFRQ) was most frequently used across studies. Instructions, content and number of tasks, response options, and scoring methods varied across questionnaires. Recent studies often adapted questionnaires, contributing to the heterogeneity across measures. Overall, reporting and quality of psychometric properties was suboptimal. The ision of diabetes care responsibilities can be operationalized with various instruments, each having its strengths and weaknesses but all with limited psychometric support. To measure the ision of diabetes care responsibilities more adequately, an updated version of the popular DFRQ or a new scale needs to be developed and evaluated.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-02-2021
DOI: 10.1111/JAN.14781
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-10-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Edgar G.A.H. van Mil.