ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6095-5576
Current Organisations
University of Sydney
,
Organisation
,
University of Wollongong
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Social and Cultural Geography | Natural Resource Management | Environment Policy | Sociology | Social Theory | Environmental Science and Management | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Environmental Knowledge | Human Geography |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society | Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Marine Environments | Coastal and Estuarine Water Management | Technological and Organisational Innovation
Related Links
Publications
Sleeper cells for urban green infrastructure: Harnessing latent competence in greening Dhaka's slums
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Book Reviews
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.3167/TRANS.2012.020114
Abstract: Richard Vahrenk , The German Autobahn 1920-1945: Hafraba Visions and Mega Projects Peter Merriman Alexandra Boutros and Will Straw, Circulation and the City: Essays on Urban Culture Fabian Kröger Ted Conover, Routes of Man: How Roads Are Changing the World and the Way We Live Today Rudi Volti Pradeep Thakur, Tata Nano: The People's Car Thomas Birtchnell Emmanuela Scarpellini, Material Nation: A Consumer's History of Modern Italy Massimo Moraglio Kuntala lahiri-Dutt and David J. Williams, Moving Pictures: Rickshaw Art of Bangladesh Tracy Nichols Busch Patrick Laviolette, Extreme Landscapes of Leisure: Not a Hap-Hazardous Sport Carroll Pursell
Shadow Elite: How the World's New Power Brokers Undermine Democracy, Government, and the Free Market
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2011
Searchers vs surveyors in estimating the monetary value of a QALY: resolving a nasty dilemma for NICE
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 22-08-2011
DOI: 10.1017/S1744133111000181
Abstract: Recently, for many health economics researchers, empirical estimation of the monetary valuation of a quality-adjusted life year (QALY) has become an important endeavour. Different philosophical and practical approaches to this have emerged. On the one hand, there is a view that, with health-care budgets set centrally, decision-making bodies within the system can iterate, from observation of a series of previous decisions, towards the value of a QALY, thus searching for such a value. Alternatively, and more consistent with the approach taken in other public sectors, in idual members of the public are surveyed with the aim of directly eliciting a preference-based – also known as a willingness-to-pay-based (WTP-based) – value of a QALY. While the former is based on supply-side factors and the latter on demand, both in fact suffer from informational deficiencies. Sole reliance on either would necessitate an acceptance or accommodation of chronic inefficiencies in health-care resource allocation. On the basis of this observation, this paper makes the case that in order to approach optimal decision making in health-care provision, a framework incorporating and thus, to a degree, reconciling these two approaches is to be preferred.
Digital swadeshi and 3D printing intellectual property in India: The multi-level perspective, causal layered analysis and backcasting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Small technologies and big systems
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 12-05-2016
Deriving welfare measures from discrete choice experiments: inconsistency between current methods and random utility and welfare theory.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2004
DOI: 10.1002/HEC.870
Abstract: Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are being used increasingly in health economics to elicit preferences for products and programs. The results of such experiments have been used to calculate measures of welfare or more specifically, respondents' 'willingness to pay' (WTP) for products and programs and their 'marginal willingness to pay' (MWTP) for the attributes that make up such products and programs. In this note we show that the methods currently used to derive measures of welfare from DCEs in the health economics literature are not consistent with random utility theory (RUT), or with microeconomic welfare theory more generally. The inconsistency with welfare theory is an important limitation on the use of such WTP estimates in cost-benefit analyses. We describe an alternative method of deriving measures of welfare (compensating variation) from DCEs that is consistent with RUT and is derived using welfare theory. We demonstrate its use in an empirical application to derive the WTP for asthma medication and compare it to the results elicited from the method currently used in the health economics literature.
Neural changes in early visual processing after 6 months of mindfulness training in older adults
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-12-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-020-78343-W
Abstract: Mindfulness has been shown to improve attentional performance, which is known to decline in aging. Long-latency electroencephalographic (EEG) event-related potential (ERP) changes have been reported immediately after mindfulness training, however the enduring stability of these effects is unknown. Furthermore, the ability of mindfulness to impact earlier stages of information processing is unclear. We examined neural activation using high density EEG in older adults engaged in mindfulness training to examine the long-term stability of training effects. After 6 months of training, mindfulness practitioners displayed enhanced neural activation during sensory encoding and perceptual processing of a visual cue. Enhanced perceptual processing of a visual cue was associated with increased neural activation during post-perceptual processing of a subsequent target. Similar changes were not observed in a control group engaged in computer-based attention training over the same period. Neural changes following mindfulness training were accompanied by behavioural improvements in attentional performance. Our results are suggestive of increased efficiency of the neural pathways subserving bottom-up visual processing together with an enhanced ability to mobilise top-down attentional processes during perceptual and post-perceptual processing following mindfulness training. These results indicate that mindfulness may enhance neural processes known to deteriorate in normal aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Supply chains and the mobilities of cargo
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 18-08-2020
The social value of a QALY: raising the bar or barring the raise?
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-01-2011
Factors that influence clinicians’ decisions to offer intravenous alteplase in acute ischemic stroke patients with uncertain treatment indication: Results of a discrete choice experiment
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 30-01-2017
Drones in human geography
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 24-02-2017
The individual and health sector costs of asthma: the first year of a longitudinal study in New South Wales
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2005
DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-842X.2005.TB00222.X
Abstract: To identify the resources used and the costs incurred by people with asthma for health care and non-health care products and services to manage asthma. A prospective, longitudinal study, using self-reported and administrative data, commenced in 2001 in New South Wales (NSW). Data sources included two six-monthly surveys, hospital admission data from NSW Health, and pharmaceutical benefits and Medicare data. A cohort of 245 people with asthma, aged between 5-75 years, was recruited from the general population and from hospital emergency departments. The study measured the use and cost of health care services and products, including alternative therapies and home modifications. Costs to both the health care system and in iduals were measured. General practitioner visits and asthma medications were the items of health care most commonly used. Medications were also the largest component of in idual costs for health care in terms of the average payment and the number of people facing an out-of-pocket cost, although home equipment and modifications were the most expensive in idual items. The distribution of in idual costs was highly skewed, ranging from dollar 0 to dollar 4,882 per person per annum (median dollar 89). Admitted hospital care was the largest component of the cost to the health care system. While in idual costs were not large for the majority, some people faced substantial costs, with the highest of these being for non-health care items. Asthma management policies may need to incorporate schemes to alleviate the impact of costs for the minority experiencing significant out-of-pocket expenses.
Assessing mindfulness: Experimental support for the discriminant validity of breath counting as a measure of mindfulness but not self-report questionnaires.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1037/PAS0000957
Progressivity of out-of-pocket costs under Australia’s universal health care system: a national linked data study
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 30-05-2022
Does one size fit all? Assessing the preferences of older and younger people for attributes of quality of life
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-08-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S11136-016-1391-6
Abstract: To systematically compare, via ranking and best worst tasks, the relative importance of key dimensions of quality of life for younger and older people. A web-based survey was developed for administration to two Australia-wide community-based s les comprising younger people aged 18-64 years and older people aged 65 years and above. Respondents were asked to rank 12 quality of life dimensions. Respondents also completed a successive best worst task using the same 12 quality of life dimensions. The relative importance of the quality of life dimensions differed for younger and older person s les. For older people, the ability to be independent and to have control over their daily lives were particularly important for their overall quality of life whereas for younger people, mental health was considered most important. Many interventions accessed by older people in geriatric medicine and aged care sectors have a broader impact upon quality of life beyond health status. The findings from this study indicate that a focus on broader aspects of quality of life may also be consistent with the preferences of older people themselves as to what constitutes quality of life from their perspective.
Cargomobilities: Moving materials in a global age
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 10-04-2015
Discrete choice experiments to measure consumer preferences for health and healthcare
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2002
Abstract: To investigate the impact of health policies on in idual well-being, estimate the value to society of new interventions or policies, or predict demand for healthcare, we need information about in iduals' preferences. Economists usually use market-based data to analyze preferences, but such data are limited in the healthcare context. Discrete choice experiments are a potentially valuable tool for elicitation and analysis of preferences and thus, for economic analysis of health and health programs. This paper reviews the use of discrete choice experiments to measure consumers' preferences for health and healthcare. The paper provides an overview of the approach and discusses issues that arise when using discrete choice experiments to assess in iduals' preferences for health and healthcare.
Making Things International 1: Circuits and Motion
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-10-2017
Deriving welfare measures from discrete choice experiments: A response to Ryan and Santos Silva
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2004
DOI: 10.1002/HEC.885
Pyramid or iceberg? Problematizing the fortune to be made from India's austerity
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 28-05-2013
Abstract: As far back as the 19th century, the notion of a ‘social pyramid’ was critiqued in the social sciences as an inadequate and simplistic model of society. The model encourages the idea that those at the bottom of the pyramid (BoP) are uniformly mediocre and the small number at the top overtly exceptional—social pyramid thinking not only tends to reflect differences in incomes but blends together other ‘traits’ such as talent, genius, values, practices and so on. Despite the disfavour in the social sciences throughout the 20th century about the notion of a social pyramid, the concept is now enjoying a renaissance in business, marketing and management theory in ‘frontier’ understandings of poverty in places such as Brazil and India. This article argues that the idea of vested ‘globals’ at the top of the pyramid (ToP) transgresses the concept of a social pyramid because India’s ToP engages with the BoP from afar, remotely and in ways difficult to trace. Crucially, it is not those in India’s BoP who are demanding of inquiry, but instead those at the ToP in terms of their stakes in India’s austerity and their lived distance from these austere conditions.
Cognitive Overload? An Exploration of the Potential Impact of Cognitive Functioning in Discrete Choice Experiments with Older People in Health Care
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.JVAL.2014.05.005
Abstract: This exploratory study sought to investigate the effect of cognitive functioning on the consistency of in idual responses to a discrete choice experiment (DCE) study conducted exclusively with older people. A DCE to investigate preferences for multidisciplinary rehabilitation was administered to a consenting s le of older patients (aged 65 years and older) after surgery to repair a fractured hip (N = 84). Conditional logit, mixed logit, heteroscedastic conditional logit, and generalized multinomial logit regression models were used to analyze the DCE data and to explore the relationship between the level of cognitive functioning (specifically the absence or presence of mild cognitive impairment as assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination) and preference and scale heterogeneity. Both the heteroscedastic conditional logit and generalized multinomial logit models indicated that the presence of mild cognitive impairment did not have a significant effect on the consistency of responses to the DCE. This study provides important preliminary evidence relating to the effect of mild cognitive impairment on DCE responses for older people. It is important that further research be conducted in larger s les and more erse populations to further substantiate the findings from this exploratory study and to assess the practicality and validity of the DCE approach with populations of older people.
Researching and Representing Mobilities: Transdisciplinary Encounters
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 19-09-2016
Cognitive correlates of reduced driving performance in healthy older adults: A meta-analytic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2023
Conducting discrete choice experiments to inform healthcare decision making: a user's guide
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.2165/00019053-200826080-00004
Abstract: Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are regularly used in health economics to elicit preferences for healthcare products and programmes. There is growing recognition that DCEs can provide more than information on preferences and, in particular, they have the potential to contribute more directly to outcome measurement for use in economic evaluation. Almost uniquely, DCEs could potentially contribute to outcome measurement for use in both cost-benefit and cost-utility analysis. Within this expanding remit, our intention is to provide a resource for current practitioners as well as those considering undertaking a DCE, using DCE results in a policy/commercial context, or reviewing a DCE. We present the fundamental principles and theory underlying DCEs. To aid in undertaking and assessing the quality of DCEs, we discuss the process of carrying out a choice study and have developed a checklist covering conceptualizing the choice process, selecting attributes and levels, experimental design, questionnaire design, pilot testing, s ling and s le size, data collection, coding of data, econometric analysis, validity, interpretation and welfare and policy analysis. In this fast-moving area, a number of issues remain on the research frontier. We therefore outline potentially fruitful areas for future research associated both with DCEs in general, and with health applications specifically, paying attention to how the results of DCEs can be used in economic evaluation. We also discuss emerging research trends. We conclude that if appropriately designed, implemented, analysed and interpreted, DCEs offer several advantages in the health sector, the most important of which is that they provide rich data sources for economic evaluation and decision making, allowing investigation of many types of questions, some of which otherwise would be intractable analytically. Thus, they offer viable alternatives and complements to existing methods of valuation and preference elicitation.
From 'Hindolence' to 'Spirinomics': Discourse, practice and the myth of Indian enterprise
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-07-2009
3D printing and the changing logistics of cities
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 18-05-2020
Hypothetical bias in stated choice experiments: Part II. Conceptualisation of external validity, sources and explanations of bias and effectiveness of mitigation methods
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Attributes and weights in health care priority setting: A systematic review of what counts and to what extent
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2015.10.005
Abstract: In most societies resources are insufficient to provide everyone with all the health care they want. In practice, this means that some people are given priority over others. On what basis should priority be given? In this paper we are interested in the general public's views on this question. We set out to synthesis what the literature has found as a whole regarding which attributes or factors the general public think should count in priority setting and what weight they should receive. A systematic review was undertaken (in August 2014) to address these questions based on empirical studies that elicited stated preferences from the general public. Sixty four studies, applying eight methods, spanning five continents met the inclusion criteria. Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) and Person Trade-off (PTO) were the most popular standard methods for preference elicitation, but only 34% of all studies calculated distributional weights, mainly using PTO. While there is heterogeneity, results suggest the young are favoured over the old, the more severely ill are favoured over the less severely ill, and people with self-induced illness or high socioeconomic status tend to receive lower priority. In those studies that considered health gain, larger gain is universally preferred, but at a diminishing rate. Evidence from the small number of studies that explored preferences over different components of health gain suggests life extension is favoured over quality of life enhancement however this may be reversed at the end of life. The majority of studies that investigated end of life care found weak/no support for providing a premium for such care. The review highlights considerable heterogeneity in both methods and results. Further methodological work is needed to achieve the goal of deriving robust distributional weights for use in health care priority setting.
Best worst discrete choice experiments in health: methods and an application
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2012.10.007
Abstract: A key objective of discrete choice experiments is to obtain sufficient quantity of high quality choice data to estimate choice models to be used to explore various policy/clinically relevant issues. This paper focuses on a relatively new form of choice experiment, 'Best Worst Discrete Choice Experiments' (BWDCEs) and their relevance to health research as a new way to meet such an objective. We explain what BWDCEs are, how and when to apply them and we present several analytical approaches to model the resulting data. We demonstrate this preference elicitation approach in an empirical application exploring preferences of 898 members of the general public in Edmonton and Calgary, Canada for treatment of cardiac arrest occurring in a public place and show the gains achieved compared to traditional analysis of first best data. We suggest that BWDCEs are a valuable way to investigate preferences in the health sector and discuss implications for task design, analysis and areas for future research.
Empirical Investigation of Ranking vs Best–Worst Scaling Generated Preferences for Attributes of Quality of Life: One and the Same or Differentiable?
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-01-2020
DOI: 10.1007/S40271-019-00406-6
Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the degree of inconsistency in quality-of-life attribute preference orderings generated via successive best-worst scaling (a form of ranking whereby the respondent chooses the best and worst attributes from a choice set, these attributes are then eliminated and the best and worst attributes from the reduced choice set are then chosen and this process is continued until all presented attributes are eliminated) and conventional ranking methods (whereby the respondent chooses the best, second best and third best from a choice set until all presented attributes are eliminated). An on-line survey was developed for administration to two general population s les comprising younger people (aged 18-64 years) and older people (aged 65 years and above). Data were analysed in STATA through an empirical examination of the relative level of choice inconsistency (randomness in responses or the variability in choice outcomes not explained by attributes and their associated preference weights) for successive best-worst in comparison with the conventional ranking method for the younger and older person s les. For the younger person s le, both methods were found to be similarly consistent. In contrast, for the older person s le, ranking performed relatively worse than best-worst scaling with more inconsistent responses (tau = 0.515, p < 0.01). These findings lend some support to the hypothesis initially propagated by the developers of best-worst scaling that it is a comparatively easier choice task for respondents to undertake than a traditional ranking task.
Audio mastering facing automation
Publisher: Focal Press
Date: 29-12-2020
Assessing the construct validity of the Quality-of-Life-Aged Care Consumers (QOL-ACC): an aged care-specific quality-of-life measure
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-06-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S11136-022-03142-X
Abstract: To evaluate the construct (convergent and known group) validity of the Quality-of-Life-Aged Care Consumer (QOL-ACC), an older-person-specific quality-of-life measure designed for application in quality assessment and economic evaluation in aged care. Convergent validity was assessed by examining relationships with other validated preference-based measures (EQ-5D-5L, ASCOT), quality of aged care experience (QCE-ACC) and life satisfaction (PWI) through an online survey. Known-group validity was assessed by testing the ability to discriminate varying levels of care needs, self-reported health and quality of life. Older people (aged ≥ 65 years) receiving community-aged care ( N = 313) responded 54.6% were female, 41.8% were living alone and 56.8% were receiving higher-level care. The QOL-ACC and its six dimensions were low to moderately and significantly correlated with the EQ-5D-5L (correlation co-efficient range, ρ = 0.39–0.56). The QOL-ACC demonstrated moderate and statistically significant correlations with ASCOT ( ρ = 0.61), the QCE-ACC ( ρ = 0.51) and the PWI ( ρ = 0.70). Respondents with poorer self-reported health status, quality of life and/or higher-level care needs demonstrated lower QOL-ACC scores ( P 0.001), providing evidence of known-group validity. The study provides evidence of the construct validity of the QOL-ACC descriptive system. A preference-weighted value set is currently being developed for the QOL-ACC, which when finalised will be subjected to further validation assessments.
Discrete Choice Experiments: A Guide to Model Specification, Estimation and Software
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-04-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S40273-017-0506-4
Abstract: We provide a user guide on the analysis of data (including best-worst and best-best data) generated from discrete-choice experiments (DCEs), comprising a theoretical review of the main choice models followed by practical advice on estimation and post-estimation. We also provide a review of standard software. In providing this guide, we endeavour to not only provide guidance on choice modelling but to do so in a way that provides a 'way in' for researchers to the practicalities of data analysis. We argue that choice of modelling approach depends on the research questions, study design and constraints in terms of quality/quantity of data and that decisions made in relation to analysis of choice data are often interdependent rather than sequential. Given the core theory and estimation of choice models is common across settings, we expect the theoretical and practical content of this paper to be useful to researchers not only within but also beyond health economics.
On the verge of change: Maverick innovation with mobility scooters
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Grassroots Innovation for Urban Greening within a Governance Vacuum by Slum Dwellers in Dhaka
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/SU141811631
Abstract: The nature-based solutions of slumdwellers are paramount to the ongoing integrity of major cities in the global South. The paper investigates the urban-greening decision-making of slum citizens whose civic participation finds support in shared governance initiatives: non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and community-based organizations (CBOs). The background informing the conceptual framework guiding this research derives from socio-technical transitions scholarship on critical niches in grassroots innovations. The objective of this research is to examine how slum dwellers are implementing urban greening in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The research considers how slum dwellers manage a governance vacuum through civic participation with NGOs and CBOs. The methods in this study comprise qualitative fieldwork in Dhaka and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and citizens. The research findings show that a governance vacuum requires an adjustment to the perspective on grassroots innovations to endure in the global South in contexts where there is limited opportunity locally for intermediaries to achieve scale. There is a limit to the extent that the critical niches perspective applies to grassroots innovations in greening Dhaka’s slums therefore, we contribute nuance as a refinement to the approach. The study offers a complementary explanatory framework for how NGOs, CBOs and other intermediaries at the grassroots contend with, and even thrive within, a vacuum of governance in the enactment of urban greening in Dhaka’s slum settlements.
Retailer-led sugar-sweetened beverage price increase reduces purchases in a hospital convenience store in Melbourne, Australia: a mixed methods evaluation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAND.2017.06.367
Abstract: Limited evidence has been gathered on the real-world impact of sugar-sweetened beverage price changes on purchasing behavior over time or in community-retail settings. Our aim was to determine changes in beverage purchases, business outcomes, and customer and retailer satisfaction associated with a retailer-led sugar-sweetened beverage price increase in a convenience store. We hypothesized that purchases of less-healthy beverages would decrease compared to predicted sales. A convergent parallel mixed methods design complemented sales data (122 weeks pre-intervention, 17 weeks during intervention) with stakeholder interviews and customer surveys. Electronic beverage sales data were collected from a convenience store in Melbourne, Australia (August through November 2015). Convenience store staff completed semi-structured interviews (n=4) and adult customers exiting the store completed surveys (n=352). Beverages were classified using a state government framework. Prices of "red" beverages (eg, nondiet soft drinks, energy drinks) increased by 20%. Prices of "amber" (eg, diet soft drinks, small pure fruit juices) and "green" beverages (eg, water) were unchanged. Changes in beverage volume, item sales, and revenue during the intervention were compared with predicted sales. Sales data were analyzed using time series segmented regression while controlling for pre-intervention trends, autocorrelation in sales data, and seasonal fluctuations. Beverage volume sales of red (-27.6% 95% CI -32.2 to -23.0) and amber (-26.7% 95% CI -39.3 to -16.0) decreased, and volume of green beverages increased (+26.9% 95% CI +14.1 to +39.7) in the 17th intervention week compared with predicted sales. Store manager and staff considered the intervention business-neutral, despite a small reduction in beverage revenue. Fifteen percent of customers noticed the price difference and 61% supported the intervention. A 20% sugar-sweetened beverage price increase was associated with a reduction in their purchases and an increase in purchases of healthier alternatives. Community retail settings present a bottom-up approach to improving consumer beverage choices.
3DP and the Domestication of Supply Chains in the Future
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2020
Social enterprise housing supply chains for resource-constrained communities: a complexity lens approach
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 21-07-2023
Abstract: Delivering housing to resource-constrained communities (RCCs) is a complex process beset with difficulties. The purpose of this study is to use a complexity lens to examine the approach taken by a social enterprise (SE) in Australia to develop and manage a housebuilding supply chain for RCCs. The research team used a longitudinal case study approach from 2017 to 2022, which used mixed methods to understand the phenomenon and gain an in-depth understanding of the complex issues and problem-solving undertaken by an SE start-up. Balancing mission logic with commercial viability is challenging for an SE. The supply chain solution that evolved accommodated the particulars of geography and the needs of many stakeholders, including the end-user community and government sponsors. Extensive and time-consuming socialisation and customisation led to a successful technical design and sustainable supply chain operation. Analysing supply chain intricacies via a complexity framework is valuable for scholars and practitioners, assisting in designing and developing supply chain configurations and understanding their dynamics. Meeting the housing construction needs of RCCs requires the SE to place societal focus at the centre of the supply chain rather than merely being a system output. The developed business model complements the engineering solution to empower a community-led housing construction supply chain. This longitudinal case study contributes to knowledge by providing rich insights into the roles of SEs and how they develop and operate supply chains to fit with the needs of RCCs. Adding a contextual response dimension to an established complexity framework helped to explain how hybrid organisations balance commercial viability demands with social mission logic by amending traditional supply chain and governance practices. The case provides insights into supply chain configuration, needed changes and potential impacts when an SE as a focal actor inserts into a traditional for-profit construction supply chain.
Is Dimension Order Important when Valuing Health States Using Discrete Choice Experiments Including Duration?
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-11-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S40273-016-0475-Z
Abstract: Discrete choice experiments with duration (DCE A choice experiment presenting two health profiles and a third immediate death option was developed. A three-arm study was used, with the same 120 choice sets presented online across each arm (n = 360 per arm). Arm 1 presented the standard EQ-5D-5L dimension order, arm 2 randomised order between respondents, and arm 3 randomised within respondents. Conditional logit regression was used to assess model consistency, and scale parameter testing was used to assess model poolability. There were minor inconsistencies across each arm, but the magnitudes of the coefficients produced were generally consistent. Arm 3 produced the largest range of utility values (1 to -0.980). Scale parameter testing suggested that the models did not differ, and the data could be pooled. Follow-up questions did not suggest variation in terms of difficulty. The results suggest that the level of randomisation used in DCE health state valuation studies does not significantly impact values, and dimension order may not be as important as other study design issues. The results support past valuation studies that use the standard order of dimensions.
Fill the ships and we shall fill the shops: The making of geographies of manufacturing
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-09-2013
DOI: 10.1111/AREA.12050
Antipsychotic choice: understanding shared decision-making among doctors and patients
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-06-2019
DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2019.1630719
Abstract: In deciding pharmacotherapy treatment, doctors have to balance the risks and benefits of treatment, and their preferences may not always align with patient preferences. A pilot study to explore decision-making regarding treatment with antipsychotic medications among doctors and patients. A discrete choice experiment (DCE), comprised of systematically structured choice tasks, in which doctors and patients were asked to trade off between attributes of antipsychotic medications, each described in terms of mode of administration, effectiveness (on positive and negative symptoms) and side effect profiles. Participants also ranked different factors that they consider important when choosing an antipsychotic medication. 52 doctors and 49 patients completed the survey. Doctors accepted a higher risk of side effects than patients if it achieved better efficacy. Patients perceived long-acting injectables (LAIs) to be easier than taking tablets every day. Issues of embarrassment, pain and fear of needles were not rated as highly by patients, as anticipated by doctors. Doctors and patients demonstrated differences in decision-making about treatment with antipsychotic medications. Addressing these issues could facilitate shared decision-making, with the goal of improving patient adherence to antipsychotic medications, and thereby improve patient outcomes.
Choice experiments in health: The good, the bad, the ugly and toward a brighter future
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 10-2009
DOI: 10.1017/S1744133109990193
Abstract: Compared to many applied areas of economics, health economics has a strong tradition in eliciting and using stated preferences (SP) in policy analysis. Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are one SP method increasingly used in this area. Literature on DCEs in health and more generally has grown rapidly since the mid-1990s. Applications of DCEs in health have come a long way, but to date few have been ‘best practice’, in part because ‘best practice’ has been somewhat of a moving target. The purpose of this paper is to briefly survey the history of DCEs and the state of current knowledge, identify and discuss knowledge gaps, and suggest potentially fruitful areas for future research to fill such gaps with the aim of moving the application of DCEs in health economics closer to best practice.
Urban greening and mobility justice in Dhaka’s informal settlements
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-01-2020
The relative value of different QALY types
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
What Does 3D Printing Change?
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2014
What Does 3D Printing Change about Development?
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2014
Integrating pharmacists into aged care facilities to improve the quality use of medicine (PiRACF Study): Protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 05-11-2020
The 3D4D Challenge
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2014
What is 3D Printing?
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2014
The adoption process and impact of additive manufacturing on manufacturing systems
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 05-09-2016
DOI: 10.1108/JMTM-12-2015-0117
Abstract: Company pressure for manufacturers is mounting from two angles: increasing pressure of global competition, and rapid advancements in technology such as additive manufacturing (AM) that are altering the way that goods are manufactured. The purpose of this paper is to explore the adoption process of AM within a manufacturing system and its business impact. Research was conducted to collect empirical data at two manufacturing case companies in the North West England. Both cases are located in areas of industrial recovery using AM engineering innovation for value creation. Early findings showed that the implementation of AM caused a shift in value propositions and the creation of additional value streams (VSs) for the case study companies. AM was shown to compliment and strengthen traditional manufacturing VSs rather than replacing them. Limitations include the generalizability due to the number and location of case companies included in this research. It is worthwhile to explore the opportunities that AM brings with the existing customer base as it has the potential to add unexplored and untapped value. However, managers need to be mindful of the capability and resources required to put the VS into practice. Both cases resulted in skill retainment and development due to the implementation of AM. Hence, the innovation contributed to regional economic recovery and business survival. This empirical research is one of the early field explorations focussing on the impact of AM on VS structures. Hence, this paper contributes to the area of technology enhanced manufacturing systems.
3D, SF and the future
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2013
The effect of sugar-sweetened beverage price increases and educational messages on beverage purchasing behavior among adults
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2018.03.012
Abstract: There is a paucity of evidence regarding the impact of sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) price increases on beverage consumption, using in idual-level data, for the population overall and for different socioeconomic groups. This study aimed to predict the impact of altered beverage prices and educational messages on consumer purchasing behavior. 2020 adults representative of the Australian population by age, gender and income completed a discrete choice experiment online in 2016. Each subject completed 20 choice scenarios in a hypothetical convenience store setting where subjects chose between seven SSB and non-SSB beverage options or a no beverage option. Beverage prices and volumes varied between scenarios. Half of participants (n = 1012) were randomly exposed to an educational poster discouraging SSB consumption prior to completing choice scenarios. We used discrete choice models to predict purchases under several policy proposals, overall and for income and SSB consumption frequency sub-groups. Compared to baseline prices, a 10% SSB price increase was predicted to reduce SSB purchases by 15.0% [95%CI -15.2, -14.7], and increase purchases of non-SSBs by +11.0% [95%CI 10.8, 11.2] and no beverage by +15.5% [95%CI 15.1, 15.9]. Effects were greater with a 20% SSB price increase. Across all policy scenarios, the highest income quintile had a similar absolute and slightly greater relative decrease in SSB purchases compared to the lowest quintile. Educational poster exposure reduced SSB choice for all groups, with a greater reduction in the lower compared to higher income group, and additively increased response to price changes. Our results support the use of population-wide SSB pricing and educational interventions to reduce demand across all income groups.
The 3D4D Elements
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2014
3D4D Indicators and Forerunners
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2014
The path towards herd immunity: Predicting COVID-19 vaccination uptake through results from a stated choice study across six continents
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
Using discrete choice experiments to investigate subject preferences for preventive asthma medication
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-12-2007
DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-1843.2006.01005.X
Abstract: Long-term adherence to inhaled corticosteroids is poor despite the crucial role of preventer medications in achieving good asthma outcomes. This study was undertaken to explore patient preferences in relation to their current inhaled corticosteroid medication, a hypothetical preventer or no medication. A discrete choice experiment was conducted in 57 adults with mild-moderate asthma and airway hyper-responsiveness, who were using inhaled corticosteroid <or=500 microg/day (beclomethasone equivalent). In the discrete choice experiment, subjects evaluated 16 hypothetical scenarios made up of 10 attributes that described the process and outcomes of taking asthma medication, with two to four levels for each attribute. For each scenario, subjects chose between the hypothetical medication, the medication they were currently taking and no asthma medication. A random parameter multinomial logit model was estimated to quantify subject preferences for the aspects of taking asthma medication and the influence of attributes on medication decisions. Subjects consistently made choices in favour of being able to do strenuous and sporting activities with or without reliever, experiencing no side-effects and never having to monitor their peak flow. Frequency of collecting prescriptions, frequency of taking the medication, its route of administration and the strength of the doctor recommendation about the medication were not significant determinants of choice. The results of this study suggest that patients prefer a preventer that confers capacity to maximize physical activity, has no side-effects and does not require daily peak flow monitoring.
Preference Elicitation Techniques Used in Valuing Children’s Health-Related Quality-of-Life: A Systematic Review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-05-2022
Listening without ears: Artificial intelligence in audio mastering
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-2018
Abstract: Since the inception of recorded music there has been a need for standards and reliability across sound formats and listening environments. The role of the audio mastering engineer is prestigious and akin to a craft expert combining scientific knowledge, musical learning, manual precision and skill, and an awareness of cultural fashions and creative labour. With the advent of algorithms, big data and machine learning, loosely termed artificial intelligence in this creative sector, there is now the possibility of automating human audio mastering processes and radically disrupting mastering careers. The emergence of dedicated products and services in artificial intelligence-driven audio mastering poses profound questions for the future of the music industry, already having faced significant challenges due to the digitalization of music over the past decades. The research reports on qualitative and ethnographic inquiry with audio mastering engineers on the automation of their expertise and the potential for artificial intelligence to augment or replace aspects of their workflows. Investigating audio mastering engineers' awareness of artificial intelligence, the research probes the importance of criticality in their labour. The research identifies intuitive performance and critical listening as areas where human ingenuity and communication pose problems for simulation. Affective labour disrupts speculation of algorithmic domination by highlighting the pragmatic strategies available for humans to adapt and augment digital technologies.
A Systematic Review of Stated Preference Studies Reporting Public Preferences for Healthcare Priority Setting
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-05-2014
DOI: 10.1007/S40271-014-0063-2
Abstract: There is current interest in incorporating weights based on public preferences for health and healthcare into priority-setting decisions. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the extent to which public preferences and trade-offs for priority-setting criteria have been quantified, and to describe the study contexts and preference elicitation methods employed. A systematic review was performed in April 2013 to identify empirical studies eliciting the stated preferences of the public for the provision of healthcare in a priority-setting context. Studies are described in terms of (i) the stated preference approaches used, (ii) the priority-setting levels and contexts, and (iii) the criteria identified as important and their relative importance. Thirty-nine studies applying 40 elicitation methods reported in 41 papers met the inclusion criteria. The discrete choice experiment method was most commonly applied (n = 18, 45.0 %), but other approaches, including contingent valuation and the person trade-off, were also used. Studies prioritised health systems (n = 4, 10.2 %), policies rogrammes/services/interventions (n = 16, 41.0 %), or patient groups (n = 19, 48.7 %). Studies generally confirmed the importance of a wide range of process, non-health and patient-related characteristics in priority setting in selected contexts, alongside health outcomes. However, inconsistencies were observed for the relative importance of some prioritisation criteria, suggesting context and/or elicitation approach matter. Overall, findings suggest caution in directly incorporating public preferences as weights for priority setting unless the methods used to elicit the weights can be shown to be appropriate and robust in the priority-setting context.
Healthcare Funding Decisions and Real-World Benefits: Reducing Bias by Matching Untreated Patients
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-04-2021
Investigating business outcomes of healthy food retail strategies: A systematic scoping review
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-08-2019
DOI: 10.1111/OBR.12912
Abstract: Large changes to food retail settings are required to improve population diet. However, limited research has comprehensively considered the business implications of healthy food retail strategies for food retailers. We performed a systematic scoping review to identify types of business outcomes that have been reported in healthy food retail strategy evaluations. Peer-reviewed and grey literature were searched. We identified qualitative or quantitative real-world food or beverage retail strategies designed to improve the healthiness of the consumer nutrition environment (eg, changes to the "marketing mix" of product, price, promotion, and/or placement). Eligible studies reported store- or chain-level outcomes for measures of commercial viability, retailer perspectives, customer perspectives, and/or community outcomes. 11 682 titles and abstracts were screened with 107 studies included for review from 15 countries. Overall item sales, revenue, store patronage, and customer level of satisfaction with strategy were the most frequently examined outcomes. There was a large heterogeneity in outcome measures reported and in favourability for retailers of outcomes across studies. We recommend more consistent reporting of business outcomes and increased development and use of validated and reliable measurement tools. This may help generate more robust research evidence to aid retailers and policymakers to select feasible and sustainable healthy food retail strategies to benefit population health within and across countries.
Path analysis of biomarkers for cognitive decline in early Parkinson’s disease
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 13-05-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0268379
Abstract: Clinical and biochemical ersity of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and numerous demographic, clinical, and pathological measures influencing cognitive function and its decline in PD create problems with the determination of effects of in idual measures on cognition in PD. This is particularly the case where these measures significantly interrelate with each other producing intricate networks of direct and indirect effects on cognition. Here, we use generalized structural equation modelling (GSEM) to identify and characterize significant paths for direct and indirect effects of 14 baseline measures on global cognition in PD at baseline and at 4 years later. We consider 269 drug-naïve participants from the Parkinson’s Progression Marker Initiative database, diagnosed with idiopathic PD and observed for at least 4 years after baseline. Two GSEM networks are derived, highlighting the possibility of at least two different molecular pathways or two different PD sub-types, with either CSF p-tau181 or amyloid beta (1–42) being the primary protein variables potentially driving progression of cognitive decline. The models provide insights into the interrelations between the 14 baseline variables, and determined their total effects on cognition in early PD. High CSF amyloid concentrations ( 500 pg/ml) are associated with nearly full protection against cognitive decline in early PD in the whole range of baseline age between 40 and 80 years, and irrespectively of whether p-tau181 or amyloid beta (1–42) are considered as the primary protein variables. The total effect of depression on cognition is shown to be strongly lified by PD, but not at the time of diagnosis or at prodromal stages. CSF p-tau181 protein could not be a reliable indicator of cognitive decline because of its significantly heterogeneous effects on cognition. The outcomes will enable better understanding of the roles of the clinical and pathological measures and their mutual effects on cognition in early PD.
Public preferences for engagement in Health Technology Assessment decision-making: protocol of a mixed methods study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-07-2015
A health economic model for the development and evaluation of innovations in aged care: An application to consumer-directed care - study protocol
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 25-06-2014
Elites, elements and events: Practice theory and scale
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2012
Developing a new quality of life instrument with older people for economic evaluation in aged care: Study protocol
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 05-2019
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2018-028647
Abstract: The ageing of the population represents a significant challenge for aged care in Australia and in many other countries internationally. In an environment of increasing resource constraints, new methods, techniques and evaluative frameworks are needed to support resource allocation decisions that maximise the quality of life and well-being of older people. Economic evaluation offers a rigorous, systematical and transparent framework for measuring quality and efficiency, but there is currently no composite mechanism for incorporating older people’s values into the measurement and valuation of quality of life for quality assessment and economic evaluation. In addition, to date relatively few economic evaluations have been conducted in aged care despite the large potential benefits associated with their application in this sector. This study will generate a new preference based older person-specific quality of life instrument designed for application in economic evaluation and co-created from its inception with older people. A candidate descriptive system for the new instrument will be developed by synthesising the findings from a series of in-depth qualitative interviews with 40 older people currently in receipt of aged care services about the salient factors which make up their quality of life. The candidate descriptive system will be tested for construct validity, practicality and reliability with a new independent s le of older people (n=100). Quality of life state valuation tasks using best worst scaling (a form of discrete choice experiment) will then be undertaken with a representative s le of older people currently receiving aged care services across five Australian states (n=500). A multinomial (conditional) logistical framework will be used to analyse responses and generate a scoring algorithm for the new preference-based instrument. The new quality of life instrument will have wide potential applicability in assessing the cost effectiveness of new service innovations and for quality assessment across the spectrum of ageing and aged care. Results will be disseminated in ageing, quality of life research and health economics journals and through professional conferences and policy forums. This study has been reviewed by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of South Australia and has ethics approval (Application ID: 201644).
Health Preference Research: An Overview
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-06-2017
Vastu compliance: the gentrification of India’s sacred spaces and the mobilities of ideas
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-07-2016
Women’s Preferences for Treatment of Perinatal Depression and Anxiety: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 03-06-2016
Stranded: An Eruption of Disruption
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-2011
Association Between Components of Cognitive Reserve and Serum BDNF in Healthy Older Adults
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 02-08-2021
DOI: 10.3389/FNAGI.2021.725914
Abstract: Background : The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein has been shown to have a prominent role in neuron survival, growth, and function in experimental models, and the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism which regulates its expression has been linked to resilience toward the effects of aging on cognition. Cognitively stimulating activity is linked to both increased levels of BDNF in the brain, and protection against age-related cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between serum BDNF levels, the BDNF Val66Met genotype, and components of cognitive reserve in early and mid-life, measured with the Lifetime of Experiences Questionnaire (LEQ). Methods : Serum BDNF levels were measured cross-sectionally in 156 participants from the Tasmanian Healthy Brain Project (THBP) cohort, a study examining the potential benefits of older adults engaging in a university-level education intervention. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate serum BDNF’s association with age, education, gender, BDNF Val66Met genotype, later-life university-level study, and cognitively stimulating activities measured by the LEQ. Results : Serum BDNF in older adults was associated with early life education and training, increasing 0.007 log(pg/ml) [95%CI 0.001, 0.012] per unit on the LEQ subscale. Conversely, education and training in mid-life were associated with a −0.007 log(pg/ml) [−0.012, −0.001] decrease per unit on the LEQ subscale. Serum BDNF decreased with age (−0.008 log(pg/ml) [−0.015, −0.001] per year), and male gender (−0.109 log(pg/ml) [−0.203, −0.015]), but mean differences between the BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms were not significant ( p = 0.066). All effect sizes were small, with mid-life education and training having the largest effect size ( η p 2 = 0.044). Conclusion : Education in both early and mid-life explained small but significant amounts of variance in serum BDNF levels, more than age or gender. These effects were opposed and independent, suggesting that education at different stages of life may be associated with different cognitive and neural demands. Education at different stages of life may be important covariates when estimating associations between other exposures and serum BDNF.
Less talk more drone: social research with UAVs
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2015
Choice modelling research in health economics
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 29-08-2014
Antenatal care for first time mothers: a discrete choice experiment of women's views on alternative packages of care
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2010
Reconceptualising the External Validity of Discrete Choice Experiments
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-06-2014
DOI: 10.1007/S40273-014-0181-7
Abstract: External validity is a crucial but under-researched topic when considering using discrete choice experiment (DCE) results to inform decision making in clinical, commercial or policy contexts. We present the theory and tests traditionally used to explore external validity that focus on a comparison of final outcomes and review how this traditional definition has been empirically tested in health economics and other sectors (such as transport, environment and marketing) in which DCE methods are applied. While an important component, we argue that the investigation of external validity should be much broader than a comparison of final outcomes. In doing so, we introduce a new and more comprehensive conceptualisation of external validity, closely linked to process validity, that moves us from the simple characterisation of a model as being or not being externally valid on the basis of predictive performance, to the concept that external validity should be an objective pursued from the initial conceptualisation and design of any DCE. We discuss how such a broader definition of external validity can be fruitfully used and suggest innovative ways in which it can be explored in practice.
Constructing Experimental Designs for Discrete-Choice Experiments: Report of the ISPOR Conjoint Analysis Experimental Design Good Research Practices Task Force
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.JVAL.2012.08.2223
Abstract: Stated-preference methods are a class of evaluation techniques for studying the preferences of patients and other stakeholders. While these methods span a variety of techniques, conjoint-analysis methods-and particularly discrete-choice experiments (DCEs)-have become the most frequently applied approach in health care in recent years. Experimental design is an important stage in the development of such methods, but establishing a consensus on standards is h ered by lack of understanding of available techniques and software. This report builds on the previous ISPOR Conjoint Analysis Task Force Report: Conjoint Analysis Applications in Health-A Checklist: A Report of the ISPOR Good Research Practices for Conjoint Analysis Task Force. This report aims to assist researchers specifically in evaluating alternative approaches to experimental design, a difficult and important element of successful DCEs. While this report does not endorse any specific approach, it does provide a guide for choosing an approach that is appropriate for a particular study. In particular, it provides an overview of the role of experimental designs for the successful implementation of the DCE approach in health care studies, and it provides researchers with an introduction to constructing experimental designs on the basis of study objectives and the statistical model researchers have selected for the study. The report outlines the theoretical requirements for designs that identify choice-model preference parameters and summarizes and compares a number of available approaches for constructing experimental designs. The task-force leadership group met via bimonthly teleconferences and in person at ISPOR meetings in the United States and Europe. An international group of experimental-design experts was consulted during this process to discuss existing approaches for experimental design and to review the task force's draft reports. In addition, ISPOR members contributed to developing a consensus report by submitting written comments during the review process and oral comments during two forum presentations at the ISPOR 16th and 17th Annual International Meetings held in Baltimore (2011) and Washington, DC (2012).
Estimating decision rule differences between ‘best’ and ‘worst’ choices in a sequential best worst discrete choice experiment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
A novel design process for selection of attributes for inclusion in discrete choice experiments: case study exploring variation in clinical decision-making about thrombolysis in the treatment of acute
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-06-2018
Sources of variation in the costs of health care for asthma patients in Australia
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-2009
DOI: 10.1258/JHSRP.2008.008078
Abstract: In iduals with chronic conditions, such as asthma, on average incur high health care costs, though good control can reduce costs and improve health outcomes. However, there may be substantial variation between patients in their use of services and therefore costs. Our objective was to investigate the sources of such variation in health system and out-of-pocket costs for people with asthma. A longitudinal observational study of 252 people with asthma in New South Wales, Australia, followed for three years, using six-monthly postal surveys and in idual administrative data. Factors associated with costs were investigated using generalized linear mixed models. There was substantial variability in costs between in iduals but relatively little within-person change over time for the majority. Costs to the health system and out-of-pocket costs were higher with increasing asthma-related health problems and increasing age. Health system costs were less for patients living outside the state capital (Sydney) and for those in the middle income group relative to high and low income groups. Those with poorly-controlled asthma and the elderly require more carefully targeted strategies to improve their health and ensure appropriate use of resources. Access to appropriate services for those living outside of major cities should be improved. Co-payments for the middle-income groups and those living outside major cities should be reduced to improve equity in the use of services.
Deriving distributional weights for QALYs through discrete choice experiments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHEALECO.2011.01.003
Abstract: This paper presents the first attempt to use a discrete choice experiment to derive distributional weights for quality adjusted life years (QALYs), based on characteristics (age and severity) of the beneficiaries. A novel approach using the Hicksian compensating variation is applied. Advantages include derivation of weights for QALYs, not just for life or life years saved, and investigation of the impact of the size of the health gain by allowing the gain to be traded against other characteristics. Results suggest one would generally not weight QALYs, except in a small number of specific cases and in those cases the weights are relatively small. Methodological challenges are highlighted as is a future research agenda.
Impact of a sugar sweetened beverage price increase in a convenience store
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Hypothetical bias in stated choice experiments: Part I. Macro-scale analysis of literature and integrative synthesis of empirical evidence from applied economics, experimental psychology and neuroimaging
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
The role of Alzheimer’s disease polygenic risk scores in changes of cognitive function in older adults: A longitudinal cohort study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1002/ALZ.037853
India: From Indolence to Innovation
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2013
Understanding clinicians' decisions to offer intravenous thrombolytic treatment to patients with acute ischaemic stroke: a protocol for a discrete choice experiment
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 09-07-2014
3D-printed Futures of Manufacturing, Social Change and Technological Innovation in China and Singapore: The Ghost of a Massless Future?
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-2019
Abstract: This article outlines preliminary findings from a futures forecasting exercise where participants in Shenzhen and Singapore considered the socio-technological construction of 3D printing in terms of work and social change. We offered participants ideal political-economic futures across local–global knowledge and capital–commons dimensions, and then had them backcast the contextual waypoints across markets, culture, policy, law and technology dimensions that help guide towards each future. Their discussion identified various contextually sensitive points, but also tended to dismiss the farthest reaches of each proposed ideal, often reverting to familiar contextual signifiers. Here, we offer discussion on how participants saw culture and industry shaping futures for pertinent political economic concerns in the twenty-first century.
3D printing for development in the global south: The 3D4D challenge
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2014
What is 3D Printing?
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Date: 2014
Effectiveness of donor supported leadership development interventions intended to promote women’s leadership in health in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-10-2022
The impact of vaccination and patient characteristics on influenza vaccination uptake of elderly people: A discrete choice experiment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.VACCINE.2018.01.054
Abstract: To improve information for patients and to facilitate a vaccination coverage that is in line with the EU and World Health Organization goals, we aimed to quantify how vaccination and patient characteristics impact on influenza vaccination uptake of elderly people. An online discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted among 1261 representatives of the Dutch general population aged 60 years or older. In the DCE, we used influenza vaccination scenarios based on five vaccination characteristics: effectiveness, risk of severe side effects, risk of mild side effects, protection duration, and absorption time. A heteroscedastic multinomial logit model was used, taking scale and preference heterogeneity (based on 19 patient characteristics) into account. Vaccination and patient characteristics both contributed to explain influenza vaccination uptake. Assuming a base case respondent and a realistic vaccination scenario, the predicted uptake was 58%. One-way changes in vaccination characteristics and patient characteristics changed this uptake from 46% up to 61% and from 37% up to 95%, respectively. The strongest impact on vaccination uptake was whether the patient had been vaccinated last year, whether s/he had experienced vaccination side effects, and the patient's general attitude towards vaccination. Although vaccination characteristics proved to influence influenza vaccination uptake, certain patient characteristics had an even higher impact on influenza vaccination uptake. Policy makers and general practitioners can use these insights to improve their communication plans and information regarding influenza vaccination for in iduals aged 60 years or older. For instance, physicians should focus more on patients who had experienced side effects due to vaccination in the past, and policy makers should tailor the standard information folder to patients who had been vaccinated last year and to patient who had not.
The 3D4D Challenge
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Date: 2014
Indian Innovation for All
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2013
Longitudinal Research on Perspective Taking in Adolescence: A Systematic Review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2021
Austerity in the Dark Ages
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2013
A New Industrial Future? 3D Printing and the Reconfiguring of Production, Distribution, and Consumption
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 15-07-2016
Expertise on a Shoestring
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2013
The rush of the rush hour: mobility justice for seniors on public transport in Sydney, Australia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-05-2023
Austerity in the Spotlight
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2013
Things, tags, topics: Thingiverse's object-centred network
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2016
Close-Knit Communities
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2013
Exploring uptake of a university‐level educational intervention to prevent cognitive decline and reduce dementia risk: The Tasmanian Healthy Brain Project
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1002/ALZ.045477
Bare-Bones Entrepreneurship
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2013
Social Practices of 3D Printing: Decentralising Control, and Reconfiguring Regulation
Publisher: Telecommunications Association Inc.
Date: 29-09-2016
Abstract: This paper considers the social practices of 3D printing by comparing consumer perspectives and practices with legal scholarship on intellectual property regimes. The paper draws on data gained through a mixed-methods approach involving participant observation, focus groups, and social network analysis of 3D printing file-sharing practices. It finds that while consumers display a level of naivety about their 3D printing rights and responsibilities, they possess a latent understanding about broader digital economies that guide their practices. We suggest that the social practices associated with 3D printing function through communication networks to decentralise manufacture and reconfigure legal capacities for regulation. The paper concludes by introducing nascent paths forward for policy frames across industry, government and consumer concern to address the opportunities and challenges of 3D printing’s evolving interface with society.
Mapping the trajectory of acute mild-stroke cognitive recovery using serial computerised cognitive assessment
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 12-10-2023
Abstract: Cognitive impairment is common post-stroke. There is a need to understand patterns of early cognitive recovery post-stroke to guide both clinical and research practice. The aim of the study was to map the trajectory of cognitive recovery during the first week to 90-days post-stroke using serial computerised assessment. An observational cohort study recruited consecutive stroke patients admitted to a stroke unit within 48 hours of onset. Cognitive function was assessed using the computerised Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) daily for seven days, then 14, 30 and 90 days post-stroke. The CANTAB measured visual episodic memory and learning, information processing speed, visuo-spatial working memory, complex sustained attention and mental flexibility. Repeated measures MANOVA/ANOVA with Least Squares Difference post-hoc analyses were performed to ascertain significant change over time. Forty-eight participants, mean age 73, primarily mild, ischaemic stroke, completed all assessment timepoints. There was a trajectory of early, global cognitive improvement, indicative of a post-stroke delirium, that largely stabilised between 6 and 14-days post-stroke. Change over time was examined within each cognitive test, with one measure stabilising by day 6 (Reaction Time) and others detecting improving performances up to 14 days post-stroke. Serial, computerised cognitive assessment can effectively map post-stroke cognitive recovery and revealed an early phase of global improvement over 14 days that is evidence for an acute post-stroke delirium. Resolution of post-stroke delirium in the second week following mild stroke indicates more extensive neuropsychological testing may be undertaken earlier than previously thought.
Systematic Review of Conceptual, Age, Measurement and Valuation Considerations for Generic Multidimensional Childhood Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2022
The Cultures of Alternative Mobilities
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-2012
The My Active and Healthy Aging ICT platform prevents quality of life decline in older adults: a randomised controlled study
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 22-01-2021
Abstract: Prevention of frailty is paramount in older adults. We evaluated the efficacy of a tailored multidomain intervention, monitored with the My Active and Healthy Aging platform, in reducing conversion from a prefrail status to overt frailty and preventing decline in quality of life. We performed a multicentre, multicultural, randomised control study. The effects of multidomain interventions on frailty parameters, quality of life, physical, cognitive, psychosocial function, nutrition and sleep were evaluated in a group of 101 prefrail older subjects and compared with 100 prefrail controls, receiving general health advice. At the 12-month assessment, controls showed a decline in quality of life that was absent in the active group. In addition, active participants showed an increase in mood and nutrition function. No effect on remaining parameter was observed. Our study supports the use of personalised multidomain intervention, monitored with an information and communication technology platform, in preventing quality of life decline in older adults.
What Does 3D Printing Change about Development?
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Date: 2014
What Does 3D Printing Change?
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Date: 2014
The 3D4D Elements
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Date: 2014
Cognition in the first week after stroke: how does it relate to personal and instrumental activities of daily living at follow-up?
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 02-2022
DOI: 10.1017/BRIMP.2021.3
Abstract: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is routinely used during the early assessment of people after stroke to indicate cognitive effects and inform clinical decision-making. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cognition in the first week post-stroke and personal and instrumental activities of daily skills at 1 month and 3 months post-stroke. A prospective cohort study consecutively recruited people admitted to the acute stroke ward. Acute cognitive status was measured using the MoCA within 1 week post-stroke onset. Functional outcomes were measured using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the Australian Modified Lawton’s Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (Lawton’s) at 1 month and 3 months post-stroke. Fifty participants with predominantly mild stroke ( n = 47) and mean age of 69.8 achieved a mean MoCA score of 23.1. Controlling for age, the MoCA was associated with the overall FIM score at 1 month ( P = 0.02). It was nearing significance for the Lawton’s at 1 month ( P = 0.06) but was not associated with either outcome at 3 months. A score of less than 23 on the MoCA was indicative of lower scores on both outcomes. A low MoCA score within 1 week of stroke may indicate need for support or rehabilitation due to early impacts on personal activities of daily living, but is not associated with poor functional outcomes at 3 months.
Fronto-temporal functional disconnection precedes hippocampal atrophy in clinically confirmed multi-domain amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Publisher: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Date: 2021
Revealing Seniors' Travel Patterns and Concerns Using Public Transport - a Case Study in Wollongong
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Several methods to investigate relative attribute impact in stated preference experiments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2007
3D4D Indicators and Forerunners
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Date: 2014
Review: Mobilities and Health, Complexity, Cognition and the City, Reinventing the Automobile: Personal Urban Mobility for the 21st Century, Societies in Motion: Innovation, Migration and Regional Tra
Publisher: Pion Ltd
Date: 02-2013
DOI: 10.1068/B4001REV
Digital nomads and (im)mobile identities
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 03-07-2019
Sugar-sweetened beverage price elasticities in a hypothetical convenience store
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2019.02.021
Abstract: An increase in sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) prices has been suggested to reduce SSB intake to improve population health. Using a discrete choice experiment, we tested the effect of price changes on beverage choices in an online hypothetical convenience store setting amongst 1,008 Australian adults in May to June 2016. From this we calculated pre-packaged beverage price elasticities overall and for health policy-target consumer subgroups and identified consumer subgroups likely to be most reactive to beverage price changes. Using mixed logit analysis, we found similar price elasticities for age, gender and income groups. More frequent SSB consumers tended to be less sensitive to SSB price changes. Latent class analysis revealed five consumer groups, none of which fit the desirable policy-target of highly price sensitive, frequent SSB consumers. An improved understanding of responsiveness to beverage price changes and consumer preferences could improve predictions of whose health is likely to benefit most from pricing interventions.
Two for the price of one: If moving beyond traditional single‐best discrete choice experiments, should we use best‐worst, best‐best or ranking for preference elicitation?
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-09-2022
DOI: 10.1002/HEC.4599
Abstract: This study undertook a head‐to‐head comparison of best‐worst, best‐best and ranking discrete choice experiments (DCEs) to help decide which method to use if moving beyond traditional single‐best DCEs. Respondents were randomized to one of three preference elicitation methods. Rank‐ordered (exploded) mixed logit models and respondent‐reported data were used to compare methods and first and second choices. First choices differed from second choices and preferences differed between elicitation methods, even beyond scale and scale dynamics. First choices of best‐worst had good choice consistency, scale dynamics and statistical efficiency, but this method's second choices performed worst. Ranking performed best on respondent‐reported difficulty and preference best‐best's second choices on statistical efficiency. All three preference elicitation methods improve efficiency of data collection relative to using first choices only. However, differences in preferences between first and second choices challenge moving beyond single‐best DCE. If nevertheless doing so, best‐best and ranking are preferred over best‐worst DCE.
Investigating consumers' and informal carers' views and preferences for consumer directed care: A discrete choice experiment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2015.06.034
Abstract: Consumer directed care (CDC) is currently being embraced internationally as a means to promote autonomy and choice for consumers (people aged 65 and over) receiving community aged care services (CACSs). CDC involves giving CACS clients (consumers and informal carers of consumers) control over how CACSs are administered. However, CDC models have largely developed in the absence of evidence on clients' views and preferences. We explored CACS clients' preferences for a variety of CDC attributes and identified factors that may influence these preferences and potentially inform improved design of future CDC models. Study participants were clients of CACSs delivered by five Australian providers. Using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) approach undertaken in a group setting between June and December 2013, we investigated the relative importance to CACS consumers and informal (family) carers of gradations relating to six salient features of CDC (choice of service provider(s), budget management, saving unused/unspent funds, choice of support/care worker(s), support-worker flexibility and level of contact with service coordinator). The DCE data were analysed using conditional, mixed and generalised logit regression models, accounting for preference and scale heterogeneity. Mean ages for 117 study participants were 80 years (87 consumers) and 74 years (30 informal carers). All participants preferred a CDC approach that allowed them to: save unused funds from a CACS package for future use have support workers that were flexible in terms of changing activities within their CACS care plan and choose the support workers that provide their day-to-day CACSs. The CDC attributes found to be important to both consumers and informal carers receiving CACSs will inform the design of future CDC models of service delivery. The DCE approach used in this study has the potential for wide applicability and facilitates the assessment of preferences for elements of potential future aged care service delivery not yet available in policy.
Has consumer‐directed care improved the quality of life of older Australians? An exploratory empirical assessment
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-05-2021
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12950
Abstract: To assess the impact of a Consumer Directed Care (CDC) model of service delivery on the quality of life of older people receiving home care packages. Quality of life was assessed using validated instruments. The relationship between quality of life and length of time exposed to CDC was examined using descriptive statistical and multivariate regression analyses. Consenting older adults (n = 150) in receipt of home care packages participated. Quality of life and capability scores were higher for older people in receipt of a CDC model of service delivery for months compared to those receiving the model of care for longer, although this difference was not statistically significant. However, older people with more recent exposure to CDC indicated a stronger capability to do things that made them feel valued. Extended longitudinal follow‐up is needed to facilitate a detailed examination of the relationship between the evolution of CDC and its longer‐term influences on quality of life.
Accounts from developers of generic health state utility instruments explain why they produce different QALYs: A qualitative study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2019.112560
Abstract: Despite the label "generic" health state utility instruments (HSUIs), empirical evidence shows that different HSUIs generate different estimates of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in the same person. Once a HSUI is used to generate a QALY, the difference between HSUIs is often ignored, and decision-makers act as if 'a QALY is a QALY is a QALY'. Complementing evidence that different generic HSUIs produce different empirical values, this study addresses an important gap by exploring how HSUIs differ, and processes that produced this difference. 15 developers of six generic HSUIs used for estimating the QOL component of QALYs: Quality of Well-Being (QWB) scale 15 Dimension instrument (15D) Health Utilities Index (HUI) EuroQol EQ-5D Short Form-6 Dimension (SF-6D), and the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL) were interviewed in 2012-2013. We identified key factors involved in shaping each instrument, and the rationale for similarities and differences across measures. While HSUIs have a common purpose, they are distinctly discrete constructs. Developers recalled complex developmental processes, grounded in unique histories, and these backgrounds help to explain different pathways taken at key decision points during the HSUI development. The basis for the HSUIs was commonly not equivalent conceptually: differently valued concepts and goals drove instrument design and development, according to each HSUI's defined purpose. Developers drew from different sources of knowledge to develop their measure depending on their conceptualisation of HRQoL. We generated and analysed first-hand accounts of the development of the HSUIs to provide insight, beyond face value, about how and why such instruments differ. Findings enhance our understanding of why the six instruments developed the way they did, from the perspective of key developers of those instruments. Importantly, we provide additional, original explanation for why a QALY is not a QALY is not a QALY.
Region power for mobilities research
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-07-2023
Cost-effectiveness analysis of the New South Wales adult drug court program
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-2004
Abstract: In New South Wales, Australia, a cost-effectiveness evaluation was conducted of an adult drug court (ADC) program as an alternative to jail for criminal offenders addicted to illicit drugs. This article describes the program, the cost-effectiveness analysis, and the results. The results of this study reveal that, for the 23-month period of the evaluation, the ADC was as cost-effective as were conventional sanctions in delaying the time to the first offense and more cost-effective in reducing the frequency of offending for those outcome measures selected. Although the evaluation was conducted using the traditional steps of a cost-effectiveness analysis, because of the complexity of the program and data limitations it was not always possible to adhere to textbook procedures. As such, each step involved in undertaking the cost-effectiveness analysis is discussed, highlighting the key issues faced in the evaluation.
Conceptualising the Social World: Principles of Sociological Analysis
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-2013
The missing mobility: friction and freedom in the movement and digitization of cargo
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2016
Cost of Salmonella Infections in Australia, 2015.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Jugaad as systemic risk and disruptive innovation in India
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2011
Revealed and Stated Preferences of Decision Makers for Priority Setting in Health Technology Assessment: A Systematic Review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-11-2018
DOI: 10.1007/S40273-017-0586-1
Abstract: There is much interest from stakeholders in understanding how health technology assessment (HTA) committees make national funding decisions for health technologies. A growing literature has analysed past decisions by committees (revealed preference, RP studies) and hypothetical decisions by committee members (stated preference, SP studies) to identify factors influencing decisions and assess their importance. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to provide insight into committee preferences for these factors (after controlling for other factors) and the methods used to elicit them. Ovid Medline, Embase, Econlit and Web of Science were searched from inception to 11 May 2017. Included studies had to have investigated factors considered by HTA committees and to have conducted multivariate analysis to identify the effect of each factor on funding decisions. Factors were classified as being important based on statistical significance, and their impact on decisions was compared using marginal effects. Twenty-three RP and four SP studies (containing 42 analyses) of 14 HTA committees met the inclusion criteria. Although factors were defined differently, the SP literature generally found clinical efficacy, cost-effectiveness and equity factors (such as disease severity) were each important to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the All Wales Medicines Strategy Group. These findings were supported by the RP studies of the PBAC, but not the other committees, which found funding decisions by these and other committees were mostly influenced by the acceptance of the clinical evidence and, where applicable, cost-effectiveness. Trust in the evidence was very important for decision makers, equivalent to reducing the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (cost per quality-adjusted life-year) by A$38,000 (Australian dollars) for the PBAC and £15,000 for NICE. This review found trust in the clinical evidence and, where applicable, cost-effectiveness were important for decision makers. Many methodological differences likely contributed to the ersity in some of the other findings across studies of the same committee. Further work is needed to better understand how competing factors are valued by different HTA committees.
Studying at university in later life slows cognitive decline: A long‐term prospective study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1002/TRC2.12207
Abstract: Declining cognition in later life is associated with loss of independence and quality of life. This decline in cognition may potentially be reduced or reversed through engaging in cognitively stimulating activities. This study examined the potential for university attendance in later life to enhance cognitive function in older adults. Cognitively unimpaired adults (n = 485, 69% female, median age 60 years) were given the opportunity to undertake free university study. Repeated neurocognitive assessment was performed over 7 years. Participants in the university education group (n = 383) improved z = .02 SD (.01, .03) per year of the study compared to controls ( P = .001 averaged across a battery of cognitive tests). The largest improvements were observed on tests of language and verbal learning, memory, and episodic memory. Later‐life university study was associated with improved cognitive trajectories. Later‐life education may preserve cognitive function, specifically for functions associated with communication, social interaction, and maintaining independence.
Preferences for oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation: A best–best discrete choice experiment
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-07-2014
Cost of whole genome sequencing for nontyphoidal Salmonella enteric
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 19-03-2021
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0248561
Abstract: While whole genome sequencing (WGS) may be more expensive than traditional testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), simple cost comparisons ignore the potential for WGS to reduce the societal costs of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica through public health action to prevent illness. We determined how many cases the use of WGS data would need to prevent to be cost-equal to serotyping and MLVA, or culture independent testing based on PCR in Australia. We then examined the costs and cost-savings of current typing methods compared with WGS in outbreak scenarios. A median of 275 (90% CrI -55-775) or 1.9% (90% CrI -0.4%-5.4%) of notified serotyped Salmonella cases would need to be prevented for WGS to be cost-equal to current typing methods and 1,550 (90% CrI 820–2,725) or 9.6% of all notified Salmonella cases would need to be prevented to be cost-equal to PCR. WGS is likely to result in cost savings in prolonged outbreaks, where data can support earlier public health action. Despite currently having a higher cost per isolate, routine WGS of Salmonella was no more expensive than existing typing methods or PCR where % of illness was averted.
Mobilities and Complexities
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 25-10-2018
Correction to: Systematic Review of Conceptual, Age, Measurement and Valuation Considerations for Generic Multidimensional Childhood Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-02-2022
Diagnosis and prognosis of Australia's health information for evidence based policy
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-2002
DOI: 10.1258/135581902320176368
Abstract: Without adequate information it is difficult to determine the success or failure of health policies. This paper assesses the adequacy of Australia& s health information for evidence-based policy. Three policy areas are analysed: the impact of changing the public and private health financing mix waiting lists and waiting times and pooling of funds. In each, the issue is analysed to identify the key policy questions, the available data and existing analyses are examined, and gaps in data availability and analysis are assessed. There is variability in the extent and usefulness of current health information. In terms of the impact of changing the financing mix, there is good information on the distribution of finance, but much less available on comparative use or efficiency of public and private hospitals. There is comprehensive information available on waiting lists and waiting times but little analysis of the implications of this for equity of access or the costs and benefits of reducing waiting times. There is insufficient information for the development of the capitation based formulae required for the introduction of the pooling of funds, nor enough information to assess the extent and impact of current cost-shifting which might be addressed by pooling funds. While the concept of evidence-based medicine has been embraced with regard to specific treatment decisions, there has not been a parallel investment in the use of evidence to drive policy decisions.
Fabricating Futures and the Movement of Objects
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2013
Valuing the Quality-of-Life Aged Care Consumers (QOL-ACC) Instrument for Quality Assessment and Economic Evaluation
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-08-2022
Ideas in motion: Mobilities and the multinatural a test case in India
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Date: 06-2016
DOI: 10.3167/TRANS.2016.060209
Abstract: This article examines whether the mobilities paradigm could be more sensitive to recent debates about the more-than-human (animals, plants, and insects) and indeed the inhuman (geological, planetary, and biophysical). Many possible ex les spring to mind: the forced movement of people due to “natural” catastrophes, the annual migrations of birds across vast distances, the accidental and intentional spread of invasive weeds. “Multinatural mobilities” are at present both inside and outside of the paradigm’s core themes. Can mobilities go beyond transportation, migration, urban development, the hypermobility of the few, and the comparative immobility of the world’s majority of people to encompass everything that moves? Or does this risk diluting the novelty of the paradigm? By presenting a test case of a potential research theme on wild animals in India’s urban spaces, this article argues that by thinking multinaturally progress can be reached in applying the rich mobilities framework to problems in mobility systems.
An empirical comparison of the OPQoL-Brief, EQ-5D-3L and ASCOT in a community dwelling population of older people
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-09-2015
Comparing WTP Values of Different Types of QALY Gain Elicited from the General Public
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-12-2013
DOI: 10.1002/HEC.3018
Abstract: The appropriate thresholds for decisions on the cost-effectiveness of medical interventions remain controversial, especially in 'end-of-life' situations. Evidence of the values placed on different types of health gain by the general public is limited. Across nine European countries, 17,657 people were presented with different hypothetical health scenarios each involving a gain of one quality adjusted life year (QALY) and asked about their willingness to pay (WTP) for that gain. The questions included quality of life (QoL) enhancing and life extending health gains, and a scenario where respondents faced imminent, premature death. The mean WTP values for a one-QALY gain composed of QoL improvements were modest (PPP$11,000). When comparing QALY gains obtained in the near future, the valuation of life extension exceeded the valuation of QoL enhancing gains (mean WTP PPP$19,000 for a scenario in which a coma is avoided). The mean WTP values were higher still when respondents faced imminent, premature death (PPP$29,000). Evidence from the largest survey on the value of health gains by the general public indicated a higher value for life extending gains compared with QoL enhancing gains. A further modest premium may be indicated for life extension when facing imminent, premature death.
From representing views to representativeness of views: Illustrating a new (Q2S) approach in the context of health care priority setting in nine European countries
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2016.08.036
Abstract: Governments across Europe are required to make decisions about how best to allocate scarce health care resources. There are legitimate arguments for eliciting societal vales in relation to health care resource allocation given the roles of the general public as payers and potential patients. However, relatively little is known about the views of the general public on general principles which could guide these decisions. In this paper we present five societal viewpoints on principles for health care resources allocation and develop a new approach, Q2S, designed to investigate the extent to which these views are held across a range of European countries. An online survey was developed, based on a previously completed study Q methodology, and delivered between November 2009 and February 2010 across nine countries to 33,515 respondents. The largest proportion of our respondents (44%), were found to most associate themselves with an egalitarian perspective. Differences in views were more strongly associated with countries than with socio-demographic characteristics. These results provide information which could be useful for decision makers in understanding the pluralistic context in which they are making health care resource allocation decisions and how different groups in society may respond to such decisions.
On the commodity trail: the journey of a bargain product from East to West
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-11-2015
3D printing and the third mission: The university in the materialization of intellectual capital
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Patient preferences for managing asthma: results from a discrete choice experiment
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1002/HEC.1193
Abstract: Effective control of asthma requires regular preventive medication. Poor medication adherence suggests that patient preferences for medications may differ from the concerns of the prescribing clinicians. This study investigated patient preferences for preventive medications across symptom control, daily activities, medication side-effects, convenience and costs, using a discrete choice experiment embedded in a randomized clinical trial involving patients with mild-moderate persistent asthma. The present data were collected after patients had received 6 weeks' treatment with one of two drugs. Three choice options were presented, to continue with the current drug, to change to an alternative, hypothetical drug, or to take no preventive medication. Analysis used random parameter multinomial logit. Most respondents chose to continue with their current drug in most choice situations but this tendency differed depending on which medication they had been allocated. Respondents valued their ability to participate in usual daily activities and sport, preferred minimal symptoms, and were less likely to choose drugs with side-effects. Cost was also significant, but other convenience attributes were not. Demographic characteristics did not improve the model fit. This study illustrates how discrete choice experiments may be embedded in a clinical trial to provide insights into patient preferences.
Reliability, acceptability, validity and responsiveness of the CHU9D and PedsQL in the measurement of quality of life in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 06-09-2022
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-1996679/V1
Abstract: Background There is evidence that childhood overweight and obesity impact negatively on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), using measures including the Paediatric Quality of life Inventory Generic Core Scales (PedsQL) and the Child Health Utilities 9 Dimensions (CHU9D). However, no studies have comprehensively established the psychometric properties of these instruments in the context of paediatric overweight and obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability, acceptability, validity and responsiveness of the PedsQL and the CHU9D in the measurement of HRQoL among children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Subjects/Methods Subjects were 6544 child participants of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, with up to 3 repeated measures of PedsQL and CHU9D and aged between 10 and 17 years. Weight and height were measured objectively by trained operators, and weight status determined using World Health Organisation growth standards. We examined reliability, acceptability, known group and convergent validity and responsiveness, using recognised methods. Results Both PedsQL and CHU9D demonstrated good internal consistency reliability, and high acceptability. Neither instrument showed strong convergent validity, but PedsQL appears to be superior to the CHU9D in known groups validity and responsiveness. Compared with healthy weight, mean (95%CI) differences in PedsQL scores for children with obesity were: boys: -5.6 (-6.2, -4.4) girls − 6.7 (-8.1, -5.4) and differences in CHU9D utility were: boys − 0.02 (-0.034, -0.006) girls − 0.035 (-0.054, -0.015). Differences in scores for overweight compared with healthy weight were: PedsQL boys − 2.2 (-3.0, -1.4) and girls − 1.3 (-2.0, -0.6) and CHU9D boys: no significant difference girls − 0.014 (-0.026, -0.003). Conclusion PedsQL and CHU9D overall demonstrated good psychometric properties, supporting their use in measuring HRQoL in paediatric overweight and obesity. CHU9D had poorer responsiveness and did not discriminate between overweight and healthy weight in boys, which may limit its use in economic evaluation.
Modelling online job search and choices of dentists in the Australian job market: Staged sequential DCEs and FIML econometric methods
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
The Mobilities of Ships
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1111/GERE.12190
Automating the black art: Creative places for artificial intelligence in audio mastering
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Functional network disconnection precedes structural atrophy in longitudinally confirmed multi‐domain amnestic MCI
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1002/ALZ.044170
The mobilities and post-mobilities of cargo
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-03-2015
Factorial validity and comparability of the six translations of the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire translations: results from the CENTER-TBI study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-09-2023
Autonomous automobilities: The social impacts of driverless vehicles
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 17-12-2018
Abstract: Autonomous vehicles are one of the most highly anticipated technological developments of our time, with potentially wide-ranging social implications. Where dominant popular discourses around autonomous vehicles have tended to espouse a crude form of technological determinism, social scientific engagements with autonomous vehicles have tended to focus on rather narrow utilitarian dimensions related to regulation, safety or efficiency. This article argues that what is therefore largely missing from current debates is a sensitivity to the broader social implications of autonomous vehicles. The article aims to remedy this absence. Through a speculative mode, it is shown how a mobilities approach provides an ideal conceptual lens through which the broader social impacts of autonomous vehicles might be identified and evaluated. The argument is organized across four dimensions: transformations to experiences, inequalities, labour and systems. The article develops an agenda for critical sociological work on automated vehicles and it calls on sociologists to contribute much-needed critical voices to the institutional and public debates on the development of autonomous vehicles.
Sex-Specific Protective Effects of Cognitive Reserve on Age-Related Cognitive Decline
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 10-01-2023
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000201369
Abstract: Females have a higher age-adjusted incidence of Alzheimer disease than males but the reasons for this remain unclear. One proposed contributing factor is that, historically, females had less access to education and, therefore, may accumulate less cognitive reserve. However, educational attainment is confounded by IQ, which in itself is a component of cognitive reserve and does not differ between sexes. Steeper age-related cognitive declines are associated with increased risk of dementia. We, therefore, evaluated the moderating effects of 2 proxies for cognitive reserve, education and IQ, on the steepness of age-related declining cognitive trajectories in unimpaired older males and females. The Tasmanian Healthy Brain Project, a long-term cohort study, recruited healthy Australians aged 50–80 years without cognitive impairment. Baseline cognitive reserve was measured using educational history and IQ, measured by the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading, Full Scale Predicted IQ (WTAR-FSIQ). Cognitive trajectories for language, executive function, and episodic and working memory over 5 years were extracted from neuropsychological assessments. The adjusted effects of education, estimated IQ, and APOE allelic variant on cognitive trajectories were compared between males and females. Five hundred sixty-two in iduals (mean [SD] age 60 [6.7] years 68% male 33% APOE ε4+) were followed up over 5 years with 1,924 assessments and 24,946 cognitive test scores (annualized attrition rate 6.6% per year). Estimated IQ correlated with years of education ( p 0.001). Estimated IQ interacted with sex to moderate age-related cognitive trajectories ( p = 0.03 adjusted for education) lower IQ males experienced steeper declining trajectories than higher IQ males, but lower IQ females had similar steepness of declining trajectories to higher IQ females. Education was not associated with rate of cognitive decline ( p = 0.67 adjusted for WTAR-FSIQ). There were no significant differences in age-related cognitive trajectories between APOE genotypes in either sex. IQ, a measure of cognitive reserve, predicted the steepness of declining cognitive trajectories in males only. Education did not explain as much variation in cognitive trajectories as IQ. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that historical sex disparities in access to education contribute to the higher female incidence of Alzheimer disease.
International Seafarers and Transnationalism in the Twenty-First Century
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 28-01-2015
Discrete choice experiments in health economics: Distinguishing between the method and its application
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2005
The Other CSR: Consumer Social Responsibility
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.901863
Deleting 'irrational' responses from discrete choice experiments: A case of investigating or imposing preferences?
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1002/HEC.1104
Understanding what matters: an exploratory study to investigate the views of the general public for priority setting criteria in health care
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.HEALTHPOL.2017.03.003
Abstract: Health care policy makers internationally are increasingly expressing commitment to consultation with, and incorporation of, the views of the general public into the formulation of health policy and the process of setting health care priorities. In practice, however, there are relatively few opportunities for the general public to be involved in health care decision-making. In making resource allocation decisions, funders, tasked with managing scarce health care resources, are often faced with difficult decisions in balancing efficiency with equity considerations. A mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative) approach incorporating focus group discussions and a ranking exercise was utilised to develop a comprehensive list of potential criteria for setting priorities in health care formulated from the perspective of members of the general public in Australia. A strong level of congruence was found in terms of the rankings of the key criteria with the size of the health gain, clinical effectiveness, and the ability to provide quality of life improvements identified consistently as the three most important criteria for prioritising the funding of an intervention. Findings from this study will be incorporated into a novel DCE framework to explore how decision makers and members of the general public prioritize and trade off different types of health gain and to quantify the weights attached to specific efficiency and equity criteria in the priority setting process.
Towards an assemblage approach to mobile disability politics
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-02-2023
HAS CONSUMER-DIRECTED CARE IN COMMUNITY AGED CARE IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE FOR OLDER AUSTRALIANS?
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-06-2017
Uncharted territory: The feasibility of serial computerised cognitive assessment the first week post-stroke
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSTROKECEREBROVASDIS.2022.106614
Abstract: Cognitive impairment is common and problematic post-stroke, yet vital information to understand early cognitive recovery is lacking. To examine early cognitive recovery, it is first necessary to establish the feasibility of repeat cognitive assessment during the acute post-stroke phase. To determine if serial computerised testing is feasible for cognitive assessment in an acute post-stroke phase, measured by assessment completion rates. An observational cohort study recruited consecutive stroke patients admitted to an acute stroke unit within 48 hours of onset. Daily assessment with the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) was performed for seven days, and single Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Seventy-one participants were recruited, mean age 74 years, with 67 completing daily testing. Participants had predominantly mild (85% NIHSS ≤6), ischemic (90%) stroke, 32% demonstrated clinical delirium. The first day of testing, 76% of participants completed CANTAB batteries. Eighty-seven percent of participants completed MoCA a mean of 3.4 days post-stroke. The proportion of CANTAB batteries completed improved significantly from day 2 to day 3 post-stroke with test completion rates stabilizing ≥ 92% by day 4. Participants with incomplete CANTAB were older, with persisting delirium, and longer stay in acute care. Serial computerised cognitive assessments are feasible the first week post-stroke and provide a novel approach to measuring cognitive change for both clinical and research purposes. Maximum completion rates by day four have clinical implications for optimal timing of cognitive testing.
Geography of Drones
Publisher: No publisher found
Date: 2017
Social acceptability of standard and behavioral economic inspired policies designed to reduce and prevent obesity
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-10-2021
DOI: 10.1002/HEC.4451
Abstract: The obesity epidemic is a significant public policy issue facing the international community, resulting in substantial costs to in iduals and society. Various policies have been suggested to reduce and prevent obesity, including those informed by standard economics (a key feature of which is the assumption that in iduals are rational) and behavioral economics (which identifies and harness deviations from rationality). It is not known which policy interventions taxpayers find acceptable and would prefer to fund via taxation. We provide evidence from a discrete choice experiment on an Australian s le of 996 in iduals to investigate social acceptability of eight policies: mass media c aign traffic light nutritional labeling taxing sugar sweetened beverages prepaid cards to purchase healthy food financial incentives to exercise improved built environment for physical activity bans on advertising unhealthy food and drink to children and improved nutritional quality of food sold in public institutions. Latent class analysis revealed three classes differing in preferences and key respondent characteristics including capacity to benefit. Social acceptability of the eight policies at realistic levels of tax increases was explored using post‐estimation analysis. Overall, 78% of the s le were predicted to choose a new policy, varying from 99% in those most likely to benefit from obesity interventions to 19% of those least likely to benefit. A policy informed by standard economics, traffic light labeling was the most popular policy, followed by policies involving regulation: bans on junk food advertising to children and improvement of food quality in public institutions. The least popular policies were behaviorally informed: prepaid cards for the purchase of only healthy foods, and financial incentives to exercise.
Mind the (inter-rater) gap. An investigation of self-reported versus proxy-reported assessments in the derivation of childhood utility values for economic evaluation: A systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2019.112543
Abstract: Evidence surrounding utilities for health states, derived either directly from the application of preference-based valuation methods or indirectly from the application of preference-based quality of life instruments, is increasingly being utilised to inform the cost-effectiveness of child health interventions. Proxy (parent or health professional) assessments are common in this area. This study sought to investigate the degree of convergence in childhood utilities generated directly or indirectly within dyad child and proxy assessments. A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive literature search strategy conducted across six search engines (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsychoINFO, EconLit, CINAHL and Cochrane Library). Original peer-reviewed articles that reported utilities derived directly or indirectly using simultaneous dyad child and proxy assessments were extracted. Mean and median utilities, correlation coefficients and levels of agreement were extracted, catalogued and assessed. A total of 35 studies that reported utilities for two or more respondent types were identified. Of these, 29 studies reported dyad childhood self-report and proxy utilities whilst six studies reported levels of agreement and/or correlations only without documenting overall utilities. Proxy assessment was most often conducted by parents with the HUI3 representing the most commonly applied instrument across a range of health conditions. The utilities derived from child and parent proxy assessment were bidirectional with parental proxies tending to underestimate and health professional proxies tending to overestimate relative to child self-reports. Inter-rater agreement between child self-reports and parent-proxy reports were poorer for more subjective attributes (cognition, emotion and pain), relative to physical attributes (mobility, self-care, speech, vision) of health-related quality of life. Childhood utilities derived from children or proxies are not interchangeable. The choice of self or proxy assessor may have potentially significant implications for economic evaluations of child health interventions.
Weighting and valuing quality-adjusted life-years using stated preference methods: preliminary results from the Social Value of a QALY Project
Publisher: National Institute for Health and Care Research
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.3310/HTA14270
Abstract: To identify characteristics of beneficiaries of health care over which relative weights should be derived and to estimate relative weights to be attached to health gains according to characteristics of recipients of these gains (relativities study) and to assess the feasibility of estimating a willingness-to-pay (WTP)-based value of a quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) (valuation study). Two interview-based surveys were administered - one (for the relativities study) to a nationally representative s le of the population in England and the other (for the valuation study) to a smaller convenience s le. The two surveys were administered by the National Centre for Social Research (NatCen) in respondents' homes. 587 members of the public were interviewed for the relativities study and 409 for the valuation study. In the relativities study, in-depth qualitative work and considerations of policy relevance resulted in the identification of age and severity of illness as relevant characteristics. Scenarios reflecting these, along with additional components reflecting gains in QALYs, were presented to respondents in a series of pairwise choices using two types of question: discrete choice and matching. These questions were part of a longer questionnaire (including attitudinal and sociodemographic questions), which was administered face to face using a computer-assisted personal interview. In the valuation study, respondents were asked about their WTP to avoid revent different durations of headache or stomach illness and to value these states on a scale (death = 0 full health = 1) using standard gamble (SG) questions. Discrete choice results showed that age and severity variables did not have a strong impact on respondents' choices over and above the health (QALY) gains presented. In contrast, matching showed age and severity impacts to be strong: depending on method of aggregation, gains to some groups were weighted three to four times more highly than gains to others. Results from the WTP and SG questions were combined in different ways to arrive at values of a QALY. These vary from values which are in the vicinity of the current National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) threshold to extremely high values. With respect to relative weights, more research is required to explore methodological differences with respect to age and severity weighting. On valuation, there are particular issues concerning the extent to which 'noise' and 'error' in people's responses might generate extreme and unreliable figures. Methods of aggregation and measures of central tendency were issues in both weighting and valuation procedures and require further exploration.
Pay to play? Subverting the digital economy of Pokémon Go in the smart city
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Integrating pharmacists into aged care facilities to improve the quality use of medicine (PiRACF Study): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-06-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S13063-021-05335-0
Abstract: Medication management in residential aged care facilities is an ongoing concern. Numerous studies have reported high rates of inappropriate prescribing and medication use in aged care facilities, which contribute to residents’ adverse health outcomes. There is a need for new models of care that enhance inter-disciplinary collaboration between residential aged care facility staff and healthcare professionals, to improve medication management. Pilot research has demonstrated the feasibility and benefits of integrating a pharmacist into the aged care facility team to improve the quality use of medicines. This protocol describes the design and methods for a cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate the outcomes and conduct economic evaluation of a service model where on-site pharmacists are integrated into residential aged care facility healthcare teams to improve medication management. Intervention aged care facilities will employ on-site pharmacists to work as part of their healthcare teams 2 to 2.5 days per week for 12 months. On-site pharmacists, in collaboration with facility nurses, prescribers, community pharmacists, residents and families will conduct medication management activities to improve the quality use of medicines. Aged care facilities in the control group will continue usual care. The target s le size is 1188 residents from a minimum of 13 aged care facilities. The primary outcome is the appropriateness of prescribing, measured by the proportion of residents who are prescribed at least one potentially inappropriate medicine according to the 2019 Beers Criteria. Secondary outcomes include hospital and emergency department presentations, fall rates, prevalence and dose of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines, Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Score, staff influenza vaccination rate, time spent on medication rounds, appropriateness of dose form modification and completeness of resident’s allergy and adverse drug reaction documentation. A cost-consequence and cost-effectiveness analysis will be embedded in the trial. The results of this study will provide information on clinical and economic outcomes of a model that integrates on-site pharmacists into Australian residential aged care facilities. The results will provide policymakers with recommendations relevant to further implementation of this model. ACTRN12620000430932 . Registered on 1 April 2020 with ANZCTR
How Important Is Health Status in Defining Quality of Life for Older People? An Exploratory Study of the Views of Older South Australians
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-11-2013
DOI: 10.1007/S40258-013-0068-3
Abstract: Cost-effectiveness analyses of interventions for older adults have traditionally focused on health status. However, there is increasing recognition of the need to develop new instruments to capture quality of life in a broader sense in the face of age-associated increasing frailty and declining health status, particularly in the economic evaluation of aged and social care interventions that may have positive benefits beyond health. To explore the relative importance of health and broader quality of life domains for defining quality of life from the perspective of older South Australians. Older adults (n=21) from a day rehabilitation facility in Southern Adelaide, South Australia attended one of two audio-recorded focus groups. A mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative) study design was adopted. The study included three main components. First was a general group discussion on quality of life and the factors of importance in defining quality of life. Second was a structured ranking exercise in which in iduals were asked to rank domains from the brief Older People's Quality of Life (OPQOL-brief) questionnaire and Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit (ASCOT) in order of importance. Third, participants were asked to self-complete the EuroQol five-dimension (EQ-5D), a measure of health status, and two broader quality-of-life measures: the OPQOL-brief and ASCOT. Mean scores on the EQ-5D, OPQOL-brief and ASCOT were 0.71 (standard deviation [SD] 0.20, range 0.06-1.00), 54.6 (SD 5.5, range 38-61) and 0.87 (SD 0.13, range 0.59-1.00), respectively, with higher scores reflecting better ratings. EQ-5D scores were positively associated with OPQOL-brief (Spearman's Rho: 0.730 p<0.01), but not ASCOT. Approximately half (52.4%) of the participants ranked either 'health' or 'psychological and emotional well-being' as the domain most important to their quality of life. However, one-third (33.3%) of the total s le ranked a non-health domain from the ASCOT or OPQOL-brief (safety, dignity, independence) as the most important contributing factor to their overall quality of life. Qualitative analysis of focus group transcripts supported the high value of both health-related (health, psychological well-being) and social (independence, safety) domains to quality of life. Older adults value both health and social domains as important to their overall quality of life. Future economic evaluations of health, community and aged-care services for older adults should include assessment of both health-related and broader aspects of quality of life.
11TH MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF HEALTH PREFERENCE RESEARCH
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-11-2020
Mobile methods for mundane mobilities
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Date: 30-04-2020
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