ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5139-0657
Current Organisations
JITRI Research Institute for Process Modelling and Optimisation
,
Monash University
,
ARC Research Hub for Computational Particle Technology
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-06-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-12-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 06-2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4807596
Abstract: Axial mixing of wet particles in rotating drums was investigated by the discrete element method with the capillary force explicitly considered. Different flow regimes were observed by varying the surface tension of liquid and keeping other conditions unchanged. The analysis of the concentration and mean square displacement of particles indicated that the axial motion of wet particles was a diffusive process characterised by Fick's law. Particle diffusivity decreased with increasing inter-particle cohesion and drum filling level but increased with increasing drum rotation speed. Two competing mechanisms were proposed to explain these effects. A theoretical model based on the relation between local diffusivity and shear rate was developed to predict particle diffusivity as a function of drum operation conditions. It was also observed that despite the high inhomogeneity of particle flow in rotating drums, the mean diffusivity of flow exhibited a strong correlation with granular temperature, defined as the mean square fluctuating velocity of particles.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2002
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-08-2019
Abstract: Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) containing first-row transition metals such as Fe, Co, and Ni have attracted significant interest for electrocatalysis owing to their abundance and excellent performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. Herein, the assembly of holey iron-doped nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) nanosheets ('holey nanosheets') is demonstrated by employing uniform Ni-Co glycerate spheres as self-templates. Iron doping was found to increase the rate of hydrolysis of Ni-Co glycerate spheres and induce the formation of a holey interconnected sheet-like structure with small pores (1-10 nm) and a high specific surface area (279 m
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C9TC90160D
Abstract: Correction for ‘Advances on tungsten oxide based photochromic materials: strategies to improve their photochromic properties’ by Shufen Wang et al. , J. Mater. Chem. C , 2018, 6 , 191–212.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 02-09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-10-2020
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.2608
Abstract: Interfaces are important for many properties and applications of multiphase materials. This is particular true for particle-reinforced polymer composites, where the interfacial characteristics between particle and polymer play a crucial role in load transfer and mechanical properties. In polymer nanocomposites, the adhesion strength between particle and polymer matrix is a major factor in determining their mechanical properties. In this work, we present our recent study towards the quantification of the interaction strength at the interface of clay-based polymer nanocomposites by molecular dynamics simulation.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 05-03-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-02-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research
Date: 2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-05-2012
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 05-09-2008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-08-2017
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 07-06-1996
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2003
DOI: 10.1002/JCTB.731
Abstract: This paper presents a numerical study of the flow and segregation of particles over flat blades in a vertical cylindrical mixer by means of a modified discrete element method. Simulations are conducted using a binary mixture of spheres, where the blade's rotating speed, particle size, volume fraction and particle density are the variables considered. Similar flow features are found for all the cases considered: particles rise to form a heap in front of a blade and then either flow downward on the bed surface over the blade or to the base of the heap to rejoin the flow toward the blade, and there is a recirculating zone in front of the blade. However, different types of mixing behaviour can be observed. Particles with large size or light density are mainly in the top layer of the mixing bed, while small and heavy particles remain in the bottom of the mixing bed and in front of the blades. The segregation pattern resulting from size difference is not the same as that resulting from density difference. The force evolution in these two binary systems also differs, although at the initial stage large/light particles always receive a relatively larger vertical force than small/heavy particles, leading to segregation that can be maintained at the later stage. Decreasing the size or density difference promotes the mixing performance. Changing the blade speed affects the mixing kinetics but not the mixing quality. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2012.06.080
Abstract: This study demonstrates a facile and effective method to generate mono-dispersed titanium dioxide spheres at ambient conditions. The size of the colloids can be controlled from 60 to 500 nm by optimizing experimental parameters (e.g., concentration, time, and temperature). Anatase TiO(2) can be obtained through titanium glycolate colloids generated in acetone via two ways: water boiling approach and calcination at a high temperature of 500°C. Particle characteristics (shape, size, and size distribution) were measured by advanced techniques, including transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), UV/Vis absorption spectrum, nitrogen gas adsorption and desorption isotherms Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurement, and X-ray diffraction technique (XRD). The possible mechanism of nucleation and growth of such colloids was discussed. The role of acetone in the formation and growth of titanium glycolate colloids was also investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Finally, the photocatalysis performance of such anatase TiO(2) particles was tested and proved to be efficient in degradation of organic dyes (e.g., phenolphthalein and methly orange).
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2001
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2014
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-01-2011
DOI: 10.1021/JP110538G
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-02-2009
DOI: 10.1021/IE801175C
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3366390
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-05-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2004
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-05-2012
DOI: 10.1021/JP301210Q
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-05-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Date: 11-2010
Abstract: This study demonstrates a facile approach for one-step synthesis and self-assembly of silver nanoparticles at ambient conditions. It was found that pyrogallol acid (PYA) can play multiple roles in the proposed synthesis, including a reducing agent, a stabilizer, and a linking agent for assembly. Silver ions can be readily reduced by PYA at room temperature due to its powerful reducing capability. The capability in shape and size control can be evidenced by TEM images. A third function of PYA in this case is to link the generated silver particles into chains through the action of hydrogen bonding, which leads to a new plasmon resonance emerges in the longer wavelength region centered at approximately 650 nm. These results may be useful for shape-controlled synthesis and self-assembly of other metallic nanoparticles. The self-assembly structures would be imposed more functional applications in the areas of optics, plasmonics, biomedicine labeling and ionic sensing.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-12-2012
DOI: 10.1021/IE2018977
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-07-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-03-2013
DOI: 10.1021/IE3034637
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.EJPS.2010.06.021
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the role of impact angles on the de-agglomeration performance of powders for inhalation. Agglomerates of a model drug mannitol were impacted at customized impaction throats containing two angles (15-75 degrees and 45-45 degrees) or a single angle (15 degrees, 45 degrees and 90 degrees) using various air flow rates. The mass fraction of fine particles <5microm in the aerosol (FPF(Loaded)) was measured by a liquid impinger coupled to a laser diffractometer. Results showed that for the two-angle throats, there existed an optimal angle (45 degrees) and air flow (120lmin(-1)) for the FPF(Loaded), resulting from a balance between improved de-agglomeration and enhanced throat deposition with increasing air flow. When the throat contained two equal angles of 45 degrees , most powder deposition occurred at the first angle, indicating that the first angle was likely to cause major de-agglomeration, while the second angle might act as a facilitator for further break-up, but the deposition was minimum as the fragment sizes and velocity at the second impaction were smaller. This hypothesis was supported by further studies using single-angle throats and numerical simulation (DEM-CFD). These findings imply the potential importance of using angular design features for multiple impactions to improve DPI performance.
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2000
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1997
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2005
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.2402
Abstract: Precious metallic nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention because of their unique properties (optical, electronic, and chemical properties) and potential applications in many areas such as optical probes, biochemical sensors, and surface enhanced Raman Spectrum. Despite many successes in synthesis of anisotropic nanoparticles (rods, plates), some limitations still exist in generating monodispersed silver nanoparticles. This study intends to elucidate the influence of crystalline seeds on the shape, size, and size distribution of nanoparticles through a seed-mediated method. The crystalline seeds can be modified by using different ways, such as heating treatment and oxidative etching. The shape and size of the generated particles will be characterized by TEM, and the particle formation and growth is tracked by UV-vis spectrometry. The findings would be useful for the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanoparticles for desired functional properties.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 1998
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-1999
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-03-2005
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2003
DOI: 10.1002/JCTB.788
Abstract: Various approaches have been proposed to model the gas–solid two‐phase flow at different time and length scales, including the so‐called two‐fluid model (TFM), direct numerical simulation (DNS) and combined continuum and discrete model (CCDM). This paper briefly discusses the key features of these models and their relative merit with special reference to modelling gas fluidisation. Focus is then given to CCDM in which the motion of in idual particles is obtained by solving Newton's second law of motion and fluid flow by the Navier–Stokes equation based on the concept of local average. The applicability of CCDM is highlighted by its successful simulation of complicated phenomena associated with the transition between fluid‐like and solid‐like behaviour in raceway formation and bed expansion. At the same time, the usefulness of the resulting particle‐scale information is demonstrated in elucidating the fundamentals governing the gas–solid flow. Finally, areas for future development are discussed. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-11-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2009
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-09-2014
DOI: 10.1021/AM5044449
Abstract: A novel meosoporous tubular Co3O4 has been fabricated by a simple and cost-effective biomorphic synthesis route, which consists of infiltration of cotton fiber with cobalt nitrate solution and postcalcination at 673 K for 1 h. Its electrochemical performance as a supercapacitor electrode material is investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry tests. Compared with bulk Co3O4 prepared without using cotton template, biomorphic Co3O4 displays 2.8 fold enhancement of pseudocapacitive performance because of the unique tubular morphology, relative high specific surface area (3 and 0.8 m(2)/g for biomorphic Co3O4 and bulk Co3O4, respectively), and mesoporous nature.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-10-2013
DOI: 10.1021/IE402267B
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-08-2013
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-02-2021
Abstract: Due to the effects of climate changing, the importance of outdoor thermal comfort has been recognized, and has gained more and more research attentions. Unlike indoor space where air conditioning can be easily implemented, outdoor thermal comfort can only be achieved by localized thermal management. Using textile is a simple but energy-saving way to realize outdoor thermal comfort. Herein, we report the design of a smart thermal management film with the silver/vanadium dioxide/silver (Ag/VO 2 /Ag) sandwich structure prepared by one-dimensional (1 D) nanowires. It was found that the Ag/VO 2 /Ag sandwich film was able to lower the temperature by around 10 °C under intense infrared (IR) radiation. In addition, the Ag/VO 2 /Ag sandwich structure film showed a thermo-responsive electrical conductivity and an outstanding bending stability, due to network structure formed by nanowires. It was experimentally proved that this sandwich structure was superior to other layer structures in IR shielding performance and thermo-responsive electrical conductivity. The as-prepared Ag/VO 2 /Ag sandwich structure film has great potential for various applications such as wearable devices, flexible electronics, medical monitors and smart IR radiation management.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1994
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1987
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-08-2014
Abstract: This manuscript focuses on how to improve the electronic conductivity and lithium‐ion diffusivity of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 thin films, which present a serious constraint to the development of the solid‐state lithium‐ion batteries. Given this understanding, we have found that creating amorphous structural features and hierarchical channels of thin films form a very simple yet effective approach to solve the problem. The unique structural features and high electrical conductivity of the as‐prepared thin films result in high capacity (283.5 mAh g −1 at 10 μA cm −2 ) and good cyclic stability (≈3 % capacity loss after 100 cycles at 10 μA cm −2 ). These important findings could open up new opportunities for Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 in constructing high‐performance binder‐free energy storage devices.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-09-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-10-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 09-1993
DOI: 10.1021/IE00021A043
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-12-2007
DOI: 10.1021/IE070991Q
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 17-09-2015
DOI: 10.2174/1381612821666150820110958
Abstract: The performance of a dry powder inhaler (DPI) depends on powder properties as well as the air and particle flows in the device. The main principle of powder dispersion is to overcome the inter-particle cohesion using various dispersion/ de-agglomeration forces. While different dispersion mechanisms have been identified, their relative importance under different conditions is less clear. The lack of understanding of these mechanisms is a major obstacle to the advance of pharmaceutical powder aerosol technology. This paper briefly reviews our recent effort in developing a combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) approach to gain such pivotal information. Dispersions under various specifically designed conditions were simulated to exam the role of in idual dispersion mechanism. The air and particle flows were analysed at the particle scale and linked to dispersion performance characterised by fine particle fraction (FPF). In addition, the dispersion mechanisms of both drug only and carrier based formulations in a commercial inhaler were studied. Our work shows that the approach has the potential to develop a theoretical framework for designing new DPIs.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-12-2022
DOI: 10.3390/NANO13010181
Abstract: Flexible strain sensors with significant extensibility, stability, and durability are essential for public healthcare due to their ability to monitor vital health signals noninvasively. However, thus far, the conductive networks have been plagued by the inconsistent interface states of the conductive components, which h ered the ultimate sensitivity performance. Here, we demonstrate structurally integrated 3D conductive networks-based flexible strain sensors of hybrid Ag nanorods/nanoparticles(AgNRs/NPs) by combining a droplet-based aerosol jet printing(AJP) process and a feasible transfer process. Structurally integrated 3D conductive networks have been intentionally developed by tweaking droplets deposition behaviors at multi-scale for efficient hybridization and ordered assembly of AgNRs/NPs. The hybrid AgNRs/NPs enhance interfacial conduction and mechanical properties during stretching. In a strain range of 25%, the developed sensor demonstrates an ideal gauge factor of 23.18. When real-time monitoring of finger bending, arm bending, squatting, and vocalization, the fabricated sensors revealed effective responses to human movements. Our findings demonstrate the efficient droplet-based AJP process is particularly capable of developing advanced flexible devices for optoelectronics and wearable electronics applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-10-2010
DOI: 10.1002/APP.31186
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 12-2012
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.415-417.1895
Abstract: Neodymium salt was used as additives for the first time in preparing anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films to improve its performance. AAO films were prepared by anodization method from a 15 vol. % sulphuric acid solution containing neodymium salt the effects of concentration of neodymium on microhardness and thickness of AAO film were researched, respectively. The effect of heat treatment temperature on structure of AAO film was researched. AAO films were characterized by XRD, EDAX and SEM techniques. The microhardness and thickness of AAO film were 377.2HV and 85μm respectively, which were higher 12.60% and 21.43% than those of the film prepared in electrolyte of nothing addition neodymium salt, respectively. The surface of AAO film was smoother and the aperture of AAO film was more uniform than those of films prepared in electrolyte of nothing addition neodymium salt. The apertures of AAO film were in 25~30nm. There was not neodymium in AAO film. AAO films were amorphous when heat treatment temperatures of AAO film were below 800°C, heat treatment temperature of AAO film were 850°C and 1000°C respectively, AAO films were γ-Al 2 O 3 and α-Al 2 O 3 film respectively.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-06-2018
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-2016
Abstract: A three-dimensional numerical simulation was carried out to study the pulverized-coal combustion process in a tangentially fired ultra-supercritical boiler. The realizable k- ε model for gas coupled with discrete phase model for coal particles, P-1 radiation model for radiation, two-competing-rates model for devolatilization, and kinetics/diffusion-limited model for combustion process are considered. The characteristics of the flow field, particle motion, temperature distribution, species components, and NO x emissions were numerically investigated. The good agreement of the measurements and predictions implies that the applied simulation models are appropriate for modeling commercial-scale coal boilers. It is found that an ideal turbulent flow and particle trajectory can be observed in this unconventional pulverized-coal furnace. With the application of over-fire air and additional air, lean-oxygen combustion takes place near the burner sets region and higher temperature at furnace exit is acquired for better heat transfer. Within the limits of secondary air, more steady combustion process is achieved as well as the reduction of NO x . Furthermore, the influences of the secondary air, over-fire air, and additional air on the NO x emissions are obtained. The numerical results reveal that NO x formation attenuates with the decrease in the secondary air ratio ( γ 2nd ) and the ratio of the additional air to the over-fire air ( γ AA / γ OFA ) was within the limits.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 26-04-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-10-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 20-08-2009
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2012
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 05-2012
DOI: 10.1063/1.4710539
Abstract: In order to quantitatively investigate the mechanical and rheological properties of solid flow in a shear cell under conditions relevant to those in an annular cell, we performed a series of discrete particle simulations of slightly polydispersed spheres from quasi-static to intermediate flow regimes. It is shown that the average values of stress tensor components are uniformly distributed in the cell space away from the stationary walls however, some degree of inhomogeneity in their spatial distributions does exist. A linear relationship between the (internal/external) shear and normal stresses prevails in the shear cell and the internal and external friction coefficients can compare well with each other. It is confirmed that annular shear cells are reasonably effective as a method of measuring particle flow properties. The so-called I-rheology proposed by Jop et al. [Nature (London) 441, 727 (2006)] is rigorously tested in this cell system. The results unambiguously display that the I-rheology can effectively describe the intermediate flow regime with a high correlation coefficient. However, significant deviations take place when it is applied to the quasi-static regime, which corresponds to very small values of inertial number.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-1997
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-09-2006
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.10645
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7TA05087A
Abstract: Patterned copper oxide (CuO) microprotrusions have been developed by combining facile wet-chemical oxidation, photolithography and e-beam evaporation processes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-06-2011
DOI: 10.1021/IE200765H
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 05-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-07-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2006
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2008
Publisher: Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research
Date: 2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 11-09-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1997
Abstract: This paper presents a study of the pore characteristics of the packing of disks by using three computer simulation algorithms: deposition under gravity (DG), random sequential adsorption, and Mason's algorithm. A pore is regarded as corresponding to a triangular subunit obtained from the Voronoi tessellation for monosized packing or radical tessellation for multisized packing, and its size and shape are respectively quantified in terms of equivalent circular diameter and circularity. The results indicate that both pore size and shape distributions are significantly affected by the simulation method, which are considered to be related to the packing constraints imposed in the simulation algorithms. Studies of the DG packing of binary mixtures suggest that the disk size distribution significantly affects packing density, a typical macroscopic property, and microscopic properties such as pore size and shape distributions. Attempts have been made to explain the results in terms of packing mechanisms for packing density and geometrical properties for pore characteristics. Copyright 1997 Academic Press. Copyright 1997Academic Press
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-11-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-04-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-10-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2019
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 14-04-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2003
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1JM12213D
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-08-2008
DOI: 10.1021/LA8016062
Abstract: A novel approach of measuring the surface roughness of spherical and flat micron-sized drug particles using scanning white-light interferometry was applied to investigate the surface morphology of micron-sized active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and excipient particles used for inhalation aerosols. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and alpha-lactose monohydrate particles were chosen as model API and excipient particles, respectively. Both BSA and lactose particles were prepared with different degrees of surface corrugation using either controlled spray drying (four s les of BSA) or decantation (two s les of lactose). Particle size distributions were characterized by laser diffraction, and particles were imaged by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface roughness of the BSA and lactose particles was quantified by white-light optical profilometry using vertical scanning interferometry (VSI) at full resolution using a 50x objective lens with 2.0x and 0.5x fields of view for BSA and lactose, respectively. Data were analyzed using Vision software (version 32, WYKO), and surface roughness values are expressed as root-mean-square roughness ( Rrms). Furthermore, data were compared to topographical measurements made using conventional atomic force microscopy. Analysis of the optical profilometry data showed significant variation in BSA roughness ranging from 18.58 +/- 3.80 nm to 110.90 +/- 13.16 nm for the smoothest and roughest BSA particles, respectively, and from 81.20 +/- 15.90 nm to 229.20 +/- 68.20 nm for decanted and normal lactose, respectively. The Rrms values were in good agreement with the AFM-derived values. The particle morphology was similar to SEM and AFM images. In conclusion, scanning white-light interferometry provides a useful complementary tool for rapid evaluation of surface morphology and roughness in particles used for dry powder inhalation formulation.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-11-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-07-2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 02-12-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 02-12-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-03-2019
DOI: 10.3390/MA12060958
Abstract: Nanopillar crystalline indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were deposited on soda-lime glass substrates by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering under the power levels of 100 W, 150 W, 200 W and 250 W. The preparation process of thin films is ided into two steps, firstly, sputtering a very thin and granular crystalline film at the bottom, and then sputtering a nanopillar crystalline film above the bottom film. The structure, morphology, optical and electrical properties of the nanopillar crystalline ITO thin films were investigated. From X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the nanopillar crystalline thin films shows (400) preferred orientation. Due to the effect of the bottom granular grains, the crystallinity of the nanopillar crystals on the upper layer was greatly improved. The nanopillar crystalline ITO thin films exhibited excellent electrical properties, enhanced visible light transmittance and a highly infrared reflectivity in the mid-infrared region. It is noted that the thin film deposited at 200 W showed the best combination of optical and electrical performance, with resistivity of 1.44 × 10−4 Ω cm, average transmittance of 88.49% (with a film thickness of 1031 nm) and IR reflectivity reaching 89.18%.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-12-2010
DOI: 10.1021/LA903470F
Abstract: This study discusses the function of citrate ions in the synthesis of silver nanoplates through a synergetic reduction approach in ambient conditions. It was found that the citrate ions can play multiple roles in the synthesis process, including a reducing agent, a stabilizer, and a complex agent, and they show some unique features under the reported conditions. The reducing ability of these citrate ions was shown to be weaker than that of sodium borohydride and/or L-ascorbic acid used in the same system. The stability in the shape/size control of silver particles is weaker than that of other surfactants tested in the present system, such as bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) and thiols. Citrate ions could form a silver complex with silver ions as [Ag(2)(+)...citrate] or [Ag(3)(C(6)H(5)O(7))(n+1)](3n-), as confirmed by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry and the kinetic analysis that the molar ratio of citric acid or sodium citrate to silver ions can greatly influence the reaction rate and, hence, the particle growth of silver nanoparticles. Such a complexing effect is further confirmed by the use of chelating ions (e.g., [Fe(CN)(6)](4-)) to form Ag(n)[Fe(CN)(6)](n-4), which can largely influence the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. These results show some formation results of generating silver nanoplates involving citrate ions, which are useful in the shape-controlled synthesis of other metallic nanoparticles with desirable functionalities.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2016
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.15050
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4816908
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4816909
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-08-2008
DOI: 10.1021/IE800108C
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-07-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-02-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2017
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2009
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7CP01152K
Abstract: The significant changes of local rotational symmetry reveal the essential structural characteristic of sphere packings, especially at all the critical points.
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812148
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-08-2012
DOI: 10.1021/IE3015999
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812143
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2012
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812141
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 25-08-2010
DOI: 10.1017/S002211201000306X
Abstract: The approach of combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for continuum fluid and the discrete element method (DEM) for discrete particles has been increasingly used to study the fundamentals of coupled particle–fluid flows. Different CFD–DEM models have been used. However, the origin and the applicability of these models are not clearly understood. In this paper, the origin of different model formulations is discussed first. It shows that, in connection with the continuum approach, three sets of formulations exist in the CFD–DEM approach: an original format set I, and subsequent derivations of set II and set III, respectively, corresponding to the so-called model A and model B in the literature. A comparison and the applicability of the three models are assessed theoretically and then verified from the study of three representative particle–fluid flow systems: fluidization, pneumatic conveying and hydrocyclones. It is demonstrated that sets I and II are essentially the same, with small differences resulting from different mathematical or numerical treatments of a few terms in the original equation. Set III is however a simplified version of set I. The testing cases show that all the three models are applicable to gas fluidization and, to a large extent, pneumatic conveying. However, the application of set III is conditional, as demonstrated in the case of hydrocyclones. Strictly speaking, set III is only valid when fluid flow is steady and uniform. Set II and, in particular, set I, which is somehow forgotten in the literature, are recommended for the future CFD–DEM modelling of complex particle–fluid flow.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-06-2022
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-02-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-03-2019
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 08-04-2014
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812135
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1998
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812132
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812131
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1993
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-11-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-11-2010
DOI: 10.1021/IE101751V
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2015
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812129
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-04-2023
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.18099
Abstract: Mathematical modeling of mass transfer and absorption in the small intestine has been a challenging task. Systematic review and analysis of existing efforts indicate the need to pursue a reliable predictive model that is physically sound and computationally efficient. With the consideration of 3D intestinal inner wall structure, this work rigorously derives an absorption model that can be used as a source term in a 1D distributed model, conventionally called the diffusion–convection–reaction model. Moreover, computational fluid dynamics simulations are carried out to generate in silico experimental data for quantification of the mass‐transfer coefficient in the absorption model. This model facilitates a better understanding of the intricate influence of intestinal morphology and motility on mass transfer and absorption in the intestine. Rat duodenum featuring a villous structure and pendular movement is selected as an ex le to demonstrate the capability of this approach.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-05-2013
DOI: 10.1021/LA400753Q
Abstract: Silver-gold (Ag-Au) bimetallic nanowires were controllably synthesized by a newly developed wet-chemical method at room temperature. The Ag nanowires and Au nanoparticles were sequentially formed by reduction with vanadium oxide (V2O3) nanoparticles so as to form Ag-Au bimetal, in which the Ag nanowires show a diameter of ~20 nm and length up to 10 μm. A few unique features were noted in our new approach: it was rapid (within a few minutes), controllable in shape and size, reproducible, and there was no need for any surface modifiers. The formation and growth mechanisms of these Ag-Au bimetallic nanostructures driven by lattice match and a unique reducing agent (V2O3) have been proposed in this study. Moreover, the application of such bimetallic nanoparticles for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol was performed, and they exhibit catalytic properties superior to those of the Ag nanowires, Au nanoparticles, and Ag-Pd bimetallic nanostructures prepared under the reported conditions. These Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles have potential to be highly efficient catalysts for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. This study may lead to new path for the generation of other bimetallic nanostructures with excellent catalytic efficiency.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-05-2014
DOI: 10.1021/IE404158E
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3180001
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3180003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-01-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1988
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-05-2007
DOI: 10.1021/IE061625U
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2003
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3180013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3180015
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 03-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2004
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 03-04-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2018
DOI: 10.1140/EPJE/I2018-11744-2
Abstract: The dynamic crystallization of cubic granular particles under three-dimensional mechanical vibration is numerically investigated by the discrete element method. The effects of operational conditions (vibration, container shape and system size) and particle properties (gravity and friction) on the formation of crystals and defects are discussed. The results show that the formation and growth of clusters with face-to-face aligned cubic particles can be easily realized under vibrations. Especially, a single crystal with both translational and orientational ordering can be reproduced in a rectangular container under appropriate vibrations. It is also found that the gravitational effect is beneficial for the ordering of a packing the ordering of frictional particles can be improved significantly with an enlarged gravitational acceleration. The flat walls of a rectangular container facilitate the formation of orderly layered structures. The curved walls of a cylindrical container contribute to the formation of ring-like structures, whereas they also cause distortions and defects in the packing centers. Finally, it is shown that the crystallization of inelastic particles is basically accomplished by the pursuit of a better mechanical stability of the system, with decreasing kinetic and potential energies.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2004
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 1997
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-03-2010
DOI: 10.1002/APP.31635
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 19-08-2003
DOI: 10.1063/1.1598638
Abstract: The packing of fine particles differs from that of coarse particles because of the strong cohesive interparticle forces. Consequently, material properties of particles have a strong effect on the packing structure of fine particles. This article presents a study of this effect by means of discrete element method. Variables considered include sliding and rolling friction coefficients related to the surface forces, and Hamaker constant and particle density related to the body forces acting on a particle. The results are analyzed in terms of porosity, mean coordination number and radial distribution function. It is shown that porosity increases with sliding and rolling friction coefficients as well as the Hamaker constant, but decreases with particle density, and coordination number and radial distribution function vary with these variables in line with porosity. The results have also been used to link the macrostructural property such as porosity to microstructural properties such as coordination number and radial distribution function. It is demonstrated that porosity can be described as a function of the force ratio between the van der Waals force and gravity force on a particle but the relationship varies with the sliding and rolling friction coefficients.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
Date: 2004
Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
Date: 2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2010
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-09-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 15-06-2008
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812180
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-04-2010
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-11-2004
DOI: 10.1021/IE049387V
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-01-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-1991
DOI: 10.1021/IE00054A045
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812171
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1996
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-03-2008
DOI: 10.1021/LA7032252
Abstract: This paper demonstrates a simple sensing method to detect inorganic anions by silver nanoplates (edge length of approximately 70 nm and thickness of approximately 2 nm) in aqueous solution. By this method, the solution system containing silver nanoplates shows a high sensitivity on the order of 1 x 10(-6) M in detecting halides, phosphate, and thiocyanate ions in water at room temperature. The sensitivity could be identified by the shift in the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band in UV-vis spectrum. The selectivity of such a sensing system toward various anions was also studied, and it was found that this sensing system could distinguish in idual anions (e.g., Cl-, Br-, I-, H2PO4-, and SCN-) from other anions (e.g., F-, SO42-, CH3COO-, NO3-, and ClO4-) and inorganic cations (e.g., Zn2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+) under the given conditions. The sensing mechanism was also analyzed. It was proposed that the particle surface electron charging, which is mainly determined by the interaction tendency between silver atoms and various inorganic anions in water, is responsible for the shift in the SPR observed. The need for further studies was finally discussed, particularly for systems composed of mixed anions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2001
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-12-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-11-2015
Abstract: Gold nanorods and their core-shell nanocomposites have been widely studied because of their well-defined anisotropy and unique optical properties and applications. This study demonstrates a facile hydrothermal synthesis strategy for generating carbon coating on gold nanorods (AuNRs@C) under mild conditions (<200 °C), where the carbon shell is composed of polymerized sugar molecules (glucose). The structure and composition of the produced core-shell nanocomposites were characterized using advanced microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The functional properties, particularly the photothermal and biocompatibility properties of the produced AuNRs@C, were quantified to assess their potential in photothermal hyperthermia. These AuNRs@C were tested in vitro (under representative treatment conditions) using near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. It was found that the AuNRs produced here exhibit exemplary heat generation capability. Temperature changes of 10.5, 9, and 8 °C for AuNRs@C were observed with carbon shell thicknesses of 10, 17, and 25 nm, respectively, at a concentration of 50 μM, after 600 s of irradiation with a laser power of 0.17 W/cm(2). In addition, the synthesized AuNRs@C also exhibit good biocompatibility toward two soft tissue sarcoma cell lines (HT1080, a fibrosarcoma and GCT, a fibrous histiocytoma). The cell viability study shows that AuNRs@C (at a concentration of <0.1 mg/mL) core-shell particles induce significantly lower cytotoxicity on both HT1080 and GCT cell lines, as compared with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-capped AuNRs. Furthermore, similar to PEG-modified AuNRs, they are also safe to both HT1080 and GCT cell lines. This biocompatibility results from a surface full of -OH or -COH groups, which are suitable for linking and are nontoxic Therefore, the AuNRs@C represent a viable alternative to PEG-coated AuNRs for facile synthesis and improved photothermal conversion. Overall, these findings open up a new class of carbon-coated nanostructures that are biocompatible and could potentially be employed in a wide range of biomedical applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-09-2009
DOI: 10.1021/IE900853D
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3180051
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-06-2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-12-2013
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 11-2012
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.399-401.847
Abstract: Praseodymium salt was used as additives for the first time in preparing anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films to improve its performance. AAO films were prepared by anodization method from a 15 vol.% sulphuric acid solution containing praseodymium salt. The effects of Pr concentration on microhardness and thickness of AAO film were investigated, respectively. The effect of heat treatment temperature on structure of AAO film was investigated. AAO films were characterized by XRD, EDAX and SEM techniques. AAO films showed higher microhardness and thickness, the surface of AAO film was smoother and the aperture of AAO film was more uniform than those of films prepared in 15 vol. % sulphuric acid anodization solution. The microhardness and thickness of AAO film were 355.7HV and 84μm respectively. The apertures of AAO film were in 25~30nm. There was not praseodymium in AAO film. AAO films were amorphous when heat treatment temperatures of AAO film were below 800°C. When heat treatment temperature of AAO film were 850°C and 1000°C respectively, AAO films were γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 film respectively.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 03-02-2003
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-03-2013
DOI: 10.1021/IE303466G
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-02-2019
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.16533
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-04-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-01-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-11-2022
Abstract: Optimization of ironmaking blast furnaces (BFs) must consider bottom and top operations. This is done by a recently developed integrated BF model covering the BF below the burden surface. Key operating parameters are focused, viz. coal rate, oxygen enrichment, blast temperature, and burden central opening extent. Numerical orthogonal experiments are thus conducted. Fitting the simulation data yields a set of empirical correlations predicting BF performance indicators. After the fitting accuracy test, the correlations are used for multi‐objective optimization and operatable zone identification.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-01-2015
Abstract: In our previous work, molecular dynamics simulation was used to calculate Young’s modulus of both fully and partially exfoliated effective clay (montmorillonite, MMT) clusters. In this work, we expand that work to predict the overall Young’s moduli of nylon 6/MMT nanocomposites. First, a micromechanics method (i.e. the rule-of-mixtures) is shown to be effective in calculating the overall Young’s moduli of clay-based polymer nanocomposites. Then, the overall Young’s moduli of clay-based polymer nanocomposites with either well-aligned or randomly dispersed effective clay clusters of various clay volume fractions are calculated based on the in idual Young’s moduli of effective clay clusters and polymer matrix by the rule-of-mixtures method. By comparing the simulated results with measured data in the literature, it is shown that the present approach provides an effective way to predict the overall Young’s moduli of nylon 6/MMT nanocomposites.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1993
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Hosokawa Powder Technology Foundation
Date: 1998
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-06-2011
DOI: 10.1021/JP203208A
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.129-131.607
Abstract: The nature of interface plays a very important role in the properties of nanoparticle-reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Understanding the interfacial interactions is crucial in further development of such nanocomposites. In this work, density functional theory is used to examine the interfacial interactions in the clay-nylon 6 nanocomposites. In particular, comparison has been made the systems in the absence of surfactant and in the presence of surfactant. It is found that surfactant can enhance the interfacial interactions through the formation of hydrogen bonds with clay surface and nylon 6. The interaction energies among the different components are calculated for the systems with clay of different atomic substitution.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-08-2019
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.16736
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3180099
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3543916
Abstract: A numerical model based on the discrete element method was developed to simulate the wet particle flow in a rotating drum. The model explicitly considered the capillary force between particles and liquid distribution within the packed bed. Physical experiments under similar conditions were carried out to validate the model, showing that the simulation and experiment results were quite comparable in terms of the flow patterns, maximum flow repose angle, and the frequency of avalanching. Flow properties in two different states were investigated with the focus on the effect of liquid surface tension. In the quasistatic state with the drum rotating at very low speeds, discrete avalanches were observed after the flow reached the maximum repose angle. However, flow properties had changed well before avalanches occurred. The microscopic analysis indicated that the strength caused by the capillary force reached a minimal when avalanches started. The maximum repose angle increased with increasing capillary force and their relationship was compared with the theoretical models based on the Mohr–Coulomb criterion and force balance. In the dynamic state, the bed showed continuous surface flow at weak surface tensions but transited into discrete avalanches characterized by the plough flow as the surface tension further increased. The flow became more dilated at high surface tensions with increased particle contacts and more uniform stress distribution. The energy and frequency of collisions between particles also decreased as the liquid surface tension increased and more collisions were observed in the region 4–5 particle diameters below the flow surface. The results would be useful to the development of a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of particle mixing and segregation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-1993
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1987
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
Date: 15-03-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C1SM06487H
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-11-2009
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.12114
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-1994
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-08-2013
Abstract: In this paper, a new algorithm is developed based on the homogenization method integrating with the newly developed Hybrid Treffe FEM (HT-FEM) and Hybrid Fundamental Solution based FEM (HFS-FEM). The algorithm can be used to evaluate effective elastic properties of heterogeneous composites. The representative volume element (RVE) of fiber reinforced composites with periodic boundary conditions is introduced and used in our numerical analysis. The proposed algorithm is assessed through two numerical ex les with different mesh density and element geometry and used to investigate the effect of fiber volume fraction, fiber shape and configuration on the effective properties of composites. It is found that the proposed algorithm is insensitive to element geometry and mesh density compared with the traditional FEM ( e.g. ABAQUS). The numerical results indicate that the HT-FEM and HFS-FEM are promising in micromechanical modeling of heterogeneous materials containing inclusions of various shapes and distributions. They are potential to be used for future application in multiscale simulation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1995
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-08-2013
DOI: 10.1021/IE3033137
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-02-2020
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.16944
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-07-2004
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.10169
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2002
DOI: 10.1002/1521-4125(200204)25:4<401::AID-CEAT401>3.0.CO;2-S
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-05-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JP4022294
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-05-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 05-08-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-08-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-03-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-05-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 14-11-2003
DOI: 10.1021/CM0342952
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2004
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4RA02603A
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2013
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 19-08-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1999
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-06-2009
DOI: 10.1021/IE900230S
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-08-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
Date: 2003
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-10-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-04-2017
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 21-02-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-12-2018
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.16475
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-03-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-09-2018
Abstract: ZnMn
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2012
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4811945
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-05-2010
DOI: 10.1021/IE901581T
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4811941
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4811940
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2006
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Date: 12-2010
Abstract: This work presents a review of the recent advances on the low-dimensional (LD) silver nanostructures (e.g., one-dimensional nanorods and nanowires, and two-dimensional nanoplates and nanodisks). First, the methods, either physical or chemical, for the synthesis of silver LD nanostructures are introduced. Then, the use is discussed of advanced experimental techniques (e.g., transmission electron microscope, high-resolution transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, ultraviolet-visible and Raman spectra) and theoretical techniques at different time and length scales from quantum mechanics (e.g., ab initio simulation and density function theory) to molecular dynamics method for understanding the principles of governing particle growth, as well as discrete dipolar approximate method for understanding the optical properties of different shapes and sizes of silver LD nanostructures. Subsequently, the functional applications of the LD silver nanostructures in different areas such optical, electronic, and sensing, particularly for those related to surface plasma resonance are summarized based on the recent findings. Finally, some perspectives and comments for future investigation of silver nanostructures are also briefly discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-03-2012
DOI: 10.1021/JP212139U
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-01-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-09-2011
DOI: 10.1007/S11671-010-9780-1
Abstract: This study presents the role of reaction temperature in the formation and growth of silver nanoparticles through a synergetic reduction approach using two or three reducing agents simultaneously. By this approach, the shape-/size-controlled silver nanoparticles (plates and spheres) can be generated under mild conditions. It was found that the reaction temperature could play a key role in particle growth and shape/size control, especially for silver nanoplates. These nanoplates could exhibit an intensive surface plasmon resonance in the wavelength range of 700–1,400 nm in the UV–vis spectrum depending upon their shapes and sizes, which make them useful for optical applications, such as optical probes, ionic sensing, and biochemical sensors. A detailed analysis conducted in this study clearly shows that the reaction temperature can greatly influence reaction rate, and hence the particle characteristics. The findings would be useful for optimization of experimental parameters for shape-controlled synthesis of other metallic nanoparticles (e.g., Au, Cu, Pt, and Pd) with desirable functional properties.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-06-2016
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.15358
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-06-2019
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.16690
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2003
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-07-2020
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.1658
Abstract: Goethite (α-FeOOH) nanorods could be prepared by a surfactant directed approach in aqueous solution at ambient conditions. In this approach, it is observed that the surfactants (e.g, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and tetraethylamine chloride (TEAC)) play a key role in the growth of goethite nanorods under the reported conditions. The molecular dynamics (MD) method is used to understand the underlying principle governing particle formation and growth through the analysis of the interaction energies between the crystal surfaces and the surfactant molecules. The findings will be useful for understanding the growth mechanism of anisotropic particles and their surface coatings with heterogeneous materials for desired functional properties.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-07-2007
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.1654
Abstract: The properties of interphase in polymer composites are often different from those of bulk polymer matrix, which may include chemical, physical, microstructural, and mechanical properties. The nature of interphase is critical to the overall properties and performance of polymer materials, in particular in nanofiller reinforced composites. Experimental efforts have been made to determine the effective interphase thickness and its properties, for ex le, by nanoindentation and nanoscratch techniques. Yet, it is very difficult to quantify the interphase and its properties because of its nanoscale nature and the unclear boundary. In this regard, computer simulation, e.g., molecular dynamics, provides an effective tool to characterize such interphase and the properties. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations are applied to quantify the interphase thickness in clay-based polymer nanocomposites. Then, the mechanical properties of the so-called effective nanofiller (i.e., the physical size of nanofiller plus the thickness of interphase) will be determined by a series of simulations.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 15-09-2019
DOI: 10.1155/2019/2545347
Abstract: In this paper, the mechanism governing the particle-fluid flow characters in the stepped pipeline is studied by the combined discrete element method (DEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model (CFD-DEM) and the two fluid model (TFM). The mechanisms governing the gas-solid flow in the horizontal stepped pipeline are investigated in terms of solid and gas velocity distributions, pressure drop, process performance, the gas-solid interaction forces, solid-solid interaction forces, and the solid-wall interaction forces. The two models successfully capture the key flow features in the stepped pipeline, such as the decrease of gas velocity, solid velocity, and pressure drop, during and after the passage of gas-solid flow through the stepped section. What is more important, the reason of the appearance of large size solid dune and pressure surge phenomena suffered in the stepped pipeline is investigated macroscopically and microscopically. The section in which the blockage problem most likely occurs in the stepped pipeline is confirmed. The pipe wall wearing problem, which is one of the most common and critical problems in pneumatic conveying system, is analysed and investigated in terms of interaction forces. It is shown that the most serious pipe wall wearing problem happened in the section which is just behind the stepped part.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-03-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1990
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-05-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1987
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C8CP05897K
Abstract: The structural evolution of tantalum during rapid cooling was investigated extensively, and its strong GFA originates from the intrinsic topologically close-packed structures that are ubiquitous in metallic melts and possible the essential units in metallic glasses.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-03-2011
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 13-08-2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4RA06809B
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-02-2010
DOI: 10.1021/IE901478A
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-04-2013
DOI: 10.1021/IE301936R
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1997
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 14-02-2013
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/11/116002
Abstract: The effects of hydrogen interstitials and oxygen vacancies on the overall ferromagnetic behaviour of Co doped ZnO (ZnO:Co) have been closely examined using different density functional calculations. The results demonstrate the importance of correcting the bandgap problem of the ZnO host as well as the lack of correlation in Co's 3d states which can severely affect the coupling of H and Co's impurity bands. Our results show that in hydrogenated ZnO:Co, hydrogen interstitial can also stabilize the ferromagnetic interaction at low Co concentrations, but this requires the formation of the in-plane O-H-Co-O-Co complex. In this structure, the hydrogen interstitial forms an anionic complex with the neighbouring oxygen, which polarizes the surrounding oxygen to mediate the ferromagnetism through the superexchange mechanism. An oxygen vacancy by itself would not cause ferromagnetism in ZnO:Co. On the other hand, in the presence of hydrogen interstitials, oxygen vacancies can significantly enhance the magnetic coupling between H and Co-O-Co as a shallow donor if it is far away from the in-plane O-H-Co-O-Co complex. However, the total energy results show that this is much more favoured when the oxygen vacancy is near the in-plane O-H-Co-O-Co complex, which can inhibit the ferromagnetic interaction between Co ions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2011.10.024
Abstract: This study demonstrates a facile but efficient approach to deposit metallic (gold) nanoparticles on β-FeOOH nanorods to obtain Au/β-FeOOH nanocomposites without the assistance of any polymers or surfactants at ambient conditions. In this method, a strong reducing agent (NaBH(4)) can be used to extensively produce Au nanoparticles, converting β-FeOOH into Fe(3)O(4) and depositing gold particles onto magnetic Fe(3)O(4) simultaneously. The microstructure, composition, and chemical properties of the obtained nanocomposites are characterized by various advanced techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-vis spectroscopy. Moreover, the Au/β-FeOOH nanocomposite can be used to detect trace melamine using UV spectrum in the ultraviolet wavelength range (190-260 nm), in which the nanocomposites show a higher sensitivity toward melamine due to the promotion of symmetry-forbidden bands (n→π(*)) of melamine molecules and also avoid the disturbance of commercial products containing solid colloids or food colorings that distort visual spectrum during the detection of chemical sensing. The deposition mechanisms and their sensing detection toward melamine are discussed.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-04-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-01-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-11-2015
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.15101
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-03-2014
DOI: 10.1021/IE403877V
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C2RA22514J
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/MSF.654-656.2747
Abstract: Density functional theory calculations are performed on the monometallic (Fe or Ni) bilayer modified α-Al2O3(0001) surface. Comparison has been made to their structural and electronic behaviors upon CH4 adsorption and dissociation. Local density of states and frontier orbital analysis show that C-H activation proceeds through weak chemical interactions with the metallic 3d electrons. It was found that electron transport within the sp and 3d type orbitals of the catalyst is important for the equilibration of the system. Such electron transport also promotes electron donation to the σ*(C-H) antibonding orbital for C-H bond activation. The calculated adsorption energies showed that the CH+H intermediate is most stable on the Fe/α-Al2O3 catalyst and is suspect to deactivation via carburization. Furthermore, C-H bond activation is most pronounced in cases where the CH4 molecule has one or two H atoms directed towards the catalyst surface.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4811985
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2000
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-07-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-12-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JACE.15363
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 10-03-2008
DOI: 10.1063/1.2896610
Abstract: The deposition of gold nanoclusters on rutile TiO2(110) surface is investigated by molecular dynamics simulation, with special reference to the effects of surface defect types (i.e., point, step, and groove) and deposition temperature. The results show that gold nanoclusters can be strongly attracted to the surface and a higher degree of defect results in a stronger attractive interaction. In addition, the aggregation behavior of gold nanoclusters is studied by simulation and experiment. The results indicate that the aggregation can be effectively controlled by introducing suitable surface defects or adding citrate ions into the solution. The findings are useful to the design and fabrication of supported Au–TiO2 catalysts with high catalytic activity.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1999
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-09-2008
DOI: 10.1021/JP803935Y
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4TA01837K
Abstract: A facile solvothermal method has been developed for the synthesis of α-Fe 2 O 3 /ZnO nanocomposites that show enhanced sensitivity, selectivity and fast response–recovery toward n -butanol at a working temperature of 225 °C.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-05-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-04-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2002
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-12-2016
Abstract: Dual-phase transformation has been developed as a template-free surface patterning technique in this study. Ordered VO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-06-2013
DOI: 10.1021/LA401087J
Abstract: In this work, interaction forces between two silica nanospheres after contact, including the van der Waals (vdW) attraction, Born repulsion, and mechanical contact forces are studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The effects of interaction path (approach or departure), initial relative velocity, and relative orientations of two nanospheres are first examined. The results show that the interparticle forces are, to a large degree, independent of these variables. Then, emphasis is given to other important variables. At a small contact deformation, the size dependence of the vdW attraction and Born repulsion qualitatively agrees with the prediction based on the conventional theories, but this becomes vague upon further deformation due to the gradually flattened shape of deformed particles. An alternative approach is provided to calculate the interparticle vdW attraction and Born repulsion forces. Moreover, the MD simulations show that the Hertz model still holds to describe the mechanical contact force at low compression, which is obtained by subtracting the vdW attraction and Born repulsion forces from the total normal force. Comparisons with the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) and Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov (DMT) models, in terms of force-displacement relationships and contact radius, show that the two models can be used to provide the first approximation, but there is some deviation from the MD simulated results. The origins of the quantitative difference are analyzed. New equations are formulated to estimate the interaction forces between silica nanospheres, which should be useful in the dynamic simulation of silica nanoparticle systems.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 12-2012
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMM.249-250.807
Abstract: In this paper, early stage of granular materials flowing through the orifice of a cuboid hopper with flat bottom is investigated based on the results generated by using the discrete element method. The results show that in the start up stage of the flow, a switch curve is formed between static and flowing particles, and a force arch on which the forces are very small is generated below the switch curve. Both curves propagate into the granular bed with the discharge of particles, and reach the top of the bed when a steady state is achieved.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 29-04-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-01-2016
DOI: 10.1111/JACE.14098
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3366428
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-07-2012
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.12700
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-01-2005
DOI: 10.1021/JP051001M
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-08-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1999
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 10-09-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1991
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3366430
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-07-2011
DOI: 10.1021/IE200862N
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.284-286.1184
Abstract: A physical thermal model was established in this study, and the gas temperature in the model was measured with temperature sensors under different experimental conditions. The results show that the packed bed, cohesive zone, dripping zone and raceway in melter gasifier can be roughly distinguished by temperature gradient analysis along the vertical direction. The changes of different zones in the COREX melter gasifier were also investigated in this paper under different operation conditions.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-01-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 15-01-2022
DOI: 10.3390/PR10010167
Abstract: Various simulations have been conducted to understand the macroscopic behavior of particles in the solid-gas flow in rotating drums in the past. In these studies, the no-slip wall boundary condition and fixed restitution coefficient between particles were usually adopted. The paper presents a numerical study of the gas-solid flow in a rotating drum to understand the effect of the specularity coefficient and restitution coefficient on the hydrodynamic behavior of particles in the segregation process. The volume fraction, granular pressure, granular temperature and their relationships are examined in detail. The boundary conditions of the no-slip and specularity coefficient of 1 are compared. In the simulations, two different sizes of particles with the same density are considered and the Eulerian–Eulerian multiphase model and the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) are used. The results reveal that the hydrodynamical behavior of the particles in the rotating drum is affected by the boundary condition and restitution coefficient. In particular, the increase of specularity coefficient can increase the active region depth, angle repose, granular pressure for both small and large particles and granular temperature for large particles. With increasing restitution coefficient, the angle of repose decreases and granular pressure and temperature increase at the same volume fraction for both small and large particles.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-04-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-10-2014
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-12-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3669491
Abstract: We present an ab initio study of carbon and nitrogen substituting oxygen in zinc oxide structure. Detailed spin-polarized total-energy calculations of the various defect and dopant at different charge states and geometries indicate a non-zero spin magnetic moment only found from the CO-2 while NO shows no sign of localized magnetic moment. It is also revealed that CO has a tendency towards forming C2 complexes inside the ZnO structure with very weak antiferromagnetic spin arrangement. Furthermore, it was found that oxygen vacancy and hydrogen interstitial could not induce ferromagnetism in C doped ZnO.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-08-2013
DOI: 10.1021/IE4018463
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-03-2009
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.11823
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 23-08-2002
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-07-2006
DOI: 10.1021/IE060474S
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-08-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 17-09-2013
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/41/415601
Abstract: A new synthetic approach has been developed to prepare silver@titanium dioxide (Ag@TiO2) core-shell nanostructures with controllable size, shape, crystal phase and function at ambient conditions (e.g. in water, ≤100 ° C). This approach shows a few unique features, including short reaction time (a few minutes) for forming core-shell nanostructures, no requirement of high temperature calcinations for generating TiO2 (e.g. at ~100 ° C in our case), tunable TiO2 shell thickness, high yield and good reproducibility. The experimental results show that the Ag@TiO2 core-shell nanostructures exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity compared to the commercial TiO2 (P25) and Ag-doped TiO2 nanocomposite in the degradation of organic dye molecules (e.g. methyl orange) with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. This could be attributed to the large surface area of TiO2 nanoparticles for maximum harvesting of UV light, mixed anatase and rutile crystalline phases in the TiO2 shell and the effective charge separation between Ag and TiO2 that can reduce the possible recombination of electron-hole (e(-)-h(+)) pairs within TiO2 generated under UV radiation. To further understand the charge separation situation within Ag-TiO2 composites, theoretical simulation (e.g. density functional theory, DFT) was employed in this study. The DFT simulation results indicate that for the Ag@TiO2 core-shell nanostructures, photo-generated electrons transfer readily from the external TiO2 layer to the internal Ag layer with heavy accumulation compared to those doping Ag on TiO2 surfaces, which may reduce the recombination of e(-)-h(+) pairs and thus enhance the photocatalytic efficiency. The findings may open a new strategy to synthesize TiO2-based photocatalysts with highly enhanced efficiency for environmental remediation applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-2010
DOI: 10.1260/1757-482X.2.4.249
Abstract: Dense medium cyclone (DMC) is widely used in mineral industry to separate solids by density. It is simple in design but the flow pattern within it is complex due to the size and density distributions of the feed and process medium solids, and the turbulent vortex formed. Recently, the so-called combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) (CFD-DEM) was extended from two-phase flow to model the flow in DMCs at the University of New South Wales (UNSW). In the CFD-DEM model, the flow of coal particles is modelled by DEM and that of medium flow by CFD, allowing consideration of medium-coal mutual interaction and particle-particle collisions. In the DEM model, Newton's laws of motion are applied to in idual particles, and in the CFD model the local-averaged Navier-Stokes equations combined with the volume of fluid (VOF) and mixture multiphase flow models are solved. The application to the DMC studies requires intensive computational effort. Therefore, various simplified versions have been proposed, corresponding to the approaches such as Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT) method where dilute phase flow is assumed so that the interaction between particles can be ignored, one-way coupling where the effect of particle flow on fluid flow is ignored, and the use of the concept of parcel particles whose properties are empirically determined. In this paper, the previous works on the modelling of DMCs at UNSW are summarized and the features and applicability of the models used are discussed.
Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
Date: 2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2005
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2005.06.024
Abstract: Understanding the interlayer swelling and molecular packing in organoclays is important to the formation and design of polymer nanocomposites. This paper presents recent experimental and molecular simulation studies on a variety of organoclays that show a linear relationship between the increase of d-spacing and the mass ratio between organic and clay. A denser molecular packing is observed in organoclays containing surfactants with hydroxyl-ethyl units. Moreover, our simulation results show that the head (nitrogen) groups are essentially tethered to the clay surface while the long hydrocarbon chains tend to adopt a layering structure with disordered conformation, which contrasts with the previous assumptions of either the chains lying parallel to the clay surface or being tilted at rather precise angles.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1993
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 30-07-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6RA18848F
Abstract: Hierarchical three-dimensional nanosheet-assembled vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) microflowers are successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method, followed by a high-temperature sintering treatment.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-10-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S11663-022-02672-6
Abstract: Hydrogen injection is a promising technology currently under development to reduce CO 2 emissions in ironmaking blast furnaces (BFs). Therefore, hydrogen BF is studied by a recent process model based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It focuses on the effect of peripheral opening extent (POE), which represents the coke amount near the furnace wall. The simulations consider a 380 m 3 BF operated with hydrogen injection through both shaft and hearth tuyeres. The overall performance of the BF is analyzed in terms of the inner states. It shows that increasing POE hinders the pre-reduction and pre-heating roles of shaft-injected hydrogen (SIH) but improves the CO indirect reduction rate. An optimum peripheral opening extent can be identified to achieve a maximum hot metal (HM) temperature, relatively low bed pressure, and good gas utilization. The interaction between SIH flow rate and burden distribution is also quantified. It shows that the increase in SIH flow rate slows down the CO indirect reduction rate but enhances the H 2 indirect reduction rate. These opposite trends account for the less variation of HM temperature with POE as the SIH flow rate increases. This variation becomes trivial at relatively large SIH flow rates and small POEs. Overall, the POE affects the cohesive zones more than the SIH flow rate. However, under the conditions considered, both variables cannot significantly improve the penetration of the shaft injection, the effect of which is generally confined within the peripheral region.
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1998
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3366470
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-09-2011
DOI: 10.1021/JP206532P
Abstract: The deposition of gold nanoparticles on the magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) surface is demonstrated through a molecular dynamics method. The simulated results show that an intermediate layer composed by such as a surfactant, polymer, or silica plays a key role in the formation of core/shell Fe(3)O(4)/Au nanostructures. The functional groups of the intermediate layer are crucial factors in depositing gold onto the Fe(3)O(4) surface via nonbonding interactions, in which the van der Waals and columbic forces will determine the strength of interaction toward the gold and iron oxide. Such interactions can affect the stability of the metal-coated nanocomposites and hence the functional properties. The nanocomposite is further investigated on the surface adsorption of amino acids (e.g., cysteine), which may be useful for functional exploration in biomedical applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-06-2009
DOI: 10.1021/IE800147V
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812026
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1999
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1999
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Authorea, Inc.
Date: 17-09-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812014
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 12-2012
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.418-420.870
Abstract: In this work, molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the deposition process of a gold nanocluster on rutile TiO 2 (110) surface. The effects of surface defects (i.e., point, step, and groove) were examined in terms of interaction energy, morphology and structure. It was found that the gold nanocluster can be strongly attracted to rutile TiO 2 (110) surface. Moreover, a higher degree of defect results in a stronger attractive interaction between gold nanocluster and TiO 2 (110) surface. The simulated results also indicated that the stability of gold nanoclusters can be effectively controlled by adding citrate ions, which could lead to a high catalytic activity of gold/metal oxide catalysts.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-06-2004
DOI: 10.1021/JP037245T
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-06-2012
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.12682
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Date: 10-2005
DOI: 10.1166/JNN.2005.411
Abstract: This paper reviews the recent research and development of clay-based polymer nanocomposites. Clay minerals, due to their unique layered structure, rich intercalation chemistry and availability at low cost, are promising nanoparticle reinforcements for polymers to manufacture low-cost, lightweight and high performance nanocomposites. We introduce briefly the structure, properties and surface modification of clay minerals, followed by the processing and characterization techniques of polymer nanocomposites. The enhanced and novel properties of such nanocomposites are then discussed, including mechanical, thermal, barrier, electrical conductivity, biodegradability among others. In addition, their available commercial and potential applications in automotive, packaging, coating and pigment, electrical materials, and in particular biomedical fields are highlighted. Finally, the challenges for the future are discussed in terms of processing, characterization and the mechanisms governing the behaviour of these advanced materials.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 08-11-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1999
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-03-2005
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-05-2009
DOI: 10.1007/S11671-009-9343-5
Abstract: This work reports a newly developed two-step hydrothermal method for the synthesis of monodispersed colloidal carbon spheres (CCS) under mild conditions. Using this approach, monodispersed CCS with diameters ranging from 160 to 400 nm were synthesized with a standard deviation around 8%. The monomer concentration ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 M is in favor of generation of narrower size distribution of CCS. The particle characteristics (e.g., shape, size, and distribution) and chemical stability were then characterized by using various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FT-IR spectrum analysis, and thermalgravity analysis (TGA). The possible nucleation and growth mechanism of colloidal carbon spheres were also discussed. The findings would be useful for the synthesis of more monodispersed nanoparticles and for the functional assembly.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2000
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-05-2012
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.12654
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-12-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S11095-014-1601-2
Abstract: Carrier-based dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are widely used for rapid and convenient delivery of drug to the site of action. This work aimed to predict powder aerosolisation in DPIs through numerical modelling. A multi-scale modelling technique based on the combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) approach was developed. The simulation results of the detachments of the drug particles from single carrier under different impact velocities and angles were comparable with those measured in the experiments in terms of fine particle fraction FPF loaded . Empirical equations were developed to link the detachment performance with impact velocity and impact angle. Then the dynamics of the carrier particles in Aerolizer® was simulated. The results indicated that the carrier-wall impaction was the dominant mechanism for drug aerosolisation performance. By linking the empirical equations with the carrier-wall impact energy, the predictions showed that for a given formulation mass with a fixed carrier/drug ratio, the inhaler performance decreased with carrier size and increased with air flow rate. Device empty efficiency, however, was independent with carrier size and flow rate. The multi-scale model was able to provide quantitative information to better understand the aerosolisation mechanisms of carrier-based formulation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-06-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-09-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2004
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-10-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1999
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-05-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 03-01-2007
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/18/3/035708
Abstract: The shape control of metal nanoparticles allows one to finely tune their properties with great versatility. A self-seeding coreduction method has recently been developed for the synthesis of silver nanodiscs, triangular nanoplates and nanospheres. The addition of surfactants was found to be one of the most important factors in determining the final particle shape. In this paper, molecular dynamics simulations are performed to understand the growth mechanisms of silver nanoparticles for different surfactants (i.e. bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, 1-dodecanethiol and cetyltrimethyl ammonium). The interaction energies between the surfactants and the silver crystal plane (i.e. (100), (110), (111)) are calculated. The molecular structural property of surfactants at the silver surface is also examined. It is demonstrated that the calculated interaction energies explain well the growth behaviour observed in the silver nanoparticle systems. Molecular dynamics simulation could provide a theoretical guideline for the choice of surfactants and hence the synthesis of various metal nanoparticles with controlled shape.
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812064
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-05-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-01-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2006
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIS.2006.02.041
Abstract: This paper presents a numerical study of the pore structure of fine particles. By means of granular dynamics simulation, packings of mono-sized particles ranging from 1 to 1000 microm are constructed. Our results show that packing density varies with particle size due to the effect of the cohesive van der Waals force. Pores and their connectivity are then analysed in terms of Delaunay tessellation. The geometries of the pores are represented by the size and shape of Delaunay cells and quantified as a function of packing density or particle size. It shows that the cell size decreases and the cell shape becomes more spherical with increasing packing density. A general correlation exists between the size and shape of cells: the larger the cell size relative to particle size, the more spherical the cell shape. This correlation, however, becomes weaker as packing density decreases. The connectivity between pores is represented by throat size and channel length. With decreasing packing density, the throat size increases and the channel length decreases. The pore scale information would be useful to understand and model the transport and mechanical properties of porous media.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 18-07-2001
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-12-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1991
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-10-2012
DOI: 10.1021/IE301894D
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 1997
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2001
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812058
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 03-2004
DOI: 10.1108/02644400410519749
Abstract: Discrete element method (DEM) has been extensively used in the laboratory of particulate and multiphase processing at the University of New South Wales (UNSW) to study the fundamentals of particulate matter at a particle scale. This paper briefly reviews the work in the laboratory, which covers the development of simulation techniques and their application to the study of particle packing and flow, transport properties and constitutive relationships of typical static or dynamic particulate systems. It is concluded, through representative comparison between simulated and measured results under different conditions, that DEM, as a major technique for discrete particle simulation, is an effective method for particle scale research of particulate matter.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-06-2017
Abstract: Binary 1D nanowires consisting of both SnO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 17-04-2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-02-2015
DOI: 10.1111/JACE.13506
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2000
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4816854
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2017
Abstract: Gold nanorods (AuNRs) are versatile materials due to their broadly tunable optical properties associated with their anisotropic feature. Conventional seed-mediated synthesis is, however, not only limited by the operational complexity and over-sensitivity towards subtle changes of experimental conditions but also suffers from low yield (≈15 %). A facile seedless method is reported to overcome these challenges. Monodispersed AuNRs with high yield (≈100 %) and highly adjustable longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) are reproducibly synthesized. The parameters that influence the AuNRs growth were thoroughly investigated in terms of growth kinetics and soft-template regulation, offering a better understanding of the template-based mechanism. The facile synthesis, broad tunability of LSRP, high reproducibility, high yield, and ease of scale-up make this method promising for the future mass production of monodispersed AuNRs for applications in catalysis, sensing, and biomedicine.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4816855
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: ASME International
Date: 06-06-2006
DOI: 10.1115/1.2430721
Abstract: The problem of evaluating the effective thermal conductivity of random packed beds is of great interest to a wide-range of engineers and scientists. This study presents a boundary element model (BEM) for the prediction of the effective thermal conductivity of a two-dimensional packed bed. The model accounts for four heat transfer mechanisms: (1) conduction through the solid (2) conduction through the contact area between particles (3) radiation between solid surfaces and (4) conduction through the fluid phase. The radiation heat exchange between solid surfaces is simulated by the net-radiation method. Two regular packing configurations, square array and hexagonal array, are chosen as illustrative ex les. The comparison between the results obtained by the present model and the existing predictions are made and the agreement is very good. The proposed BEM model provides a new tool for evaluating the effective thermal conductivity of the packed beds.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-05-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 1996
DOI: 10.1021/IE950616A
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812044
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-09-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S11095-022-03386-9
Abstract: This work aimed to evaluate the relative inhalation parameters that affect the deposition of inhaled aerosols, including mouth-throat morphology, airflow rate, and initial condition of emitted particles. In vitro experiments were conducted using the US Pharmacopeia (USP) throat and a realistic mouth-throat (RMT) with Handihaler®. Then, in silico study of the gas-solid flow was performed by computational fluid dynamics and discrete phase method. Results indicated that aerosol deposition in RMT was higher compared to that in USP throat at an airflow rate of 30 L/min, with 33.16 ± 7.84% and 21.11 ± 7.1% lung deposition in USP throat and RMT models, respectively, which showed a better correlation with in vivo data from the literature. Increasing airflow rate resulted in better drug aerosolization, while the fine particle dose trend ascended before declining, with the peak value obtained at a flow rate of 40 L/min. Overall, the effect of geometrical variation was more significant. Additionally, in silico results demonstrated clearly that the initial conditions of the emitted particles from inhalers affected the subsequent deposition. Larger momentum possessed by the central aerosol jet entering the mouth directly led to stronger impaction, which resulted in the deposition in the front region of mouth-throat models. This study is beneficial to develop an in silico method to understand the underlying mechanisms of in vivo mouth-throat deposition.
Publisher: ASME International
Date: 02-2005
DOI: 10.1115/1.1894294
Abstract: Most of the laser applications in medicine and biology involve thermal effects. The laser-tissue thermal interaction has therefore received more and more attentions in recent years. However, previous works were mainly focused on the case of laser heating on normal tissues (37 °C or above). To date, little is known on the mechanisms of laser heating on the frozen biological tissues. Several latest experimental investigations have demonstrated that lasers have great potentials in tissue cryopreservation. But the lack of theoretical interpretation limits its further application in this area. The present paper proposes a numerical model for the thawing of biological tissues caused by laser irradiation. The Monte Carlo approach and the effective heat capacity method are, respectively, employed to simulate the light propagation and solid-liquid phase change heat transfer. The proposed model has four important features: (1) the tissue is considered as a nonideal material, in which phase transition occurs over a wide temperature range (2) the solid phase, transition phase, and the liquid phase have different thermophysical properties (3) the variations in optical properties due to phase-change are also taken into consideration and (4) the light distribution is changing continually with the advancement of the thawing fronts. To this end, 15 thawing-front geometric configurations are presented for the Monte Carlo simulation. The least-squares parabola fitting technique is applied to approximate the shape of the thawing front. And then, a detailed algorithm of calculating the photon reflection/refraction behaviors at the thawing front is described. Finally, we develop a coupled light/heat transport solution procedure for the laser-induced thawing of frozen tissues. The proposed model is compared with three test problems and good agreement is obtained. The calculated results show that the light reflectance/transmittance at the tissue surface are continually changing with the progression of the thawing fronts and that lasers provide a new heating method superior to conventional heating through surface conduction because it can achieve a uniform volumetric heating. Parametric studies are performed to test the influences of the optical properties of tissue on the thawing process. The proposed model is rather general in nature and therefore can be applied to other nonbiological problems as long as the materials are absorbing and scattering media.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-06-2014
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812039
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812037
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812035
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6RA03376H
Abstract: We have demonstrated a simple but efficient synthesis route to obtain V 2 O 5 @TiO 2 core–shell nanostructures under mild conditions (≤100 °C in water).
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-12-2016
Abstract: The emergence of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a new class of crystalline porous materials is attracting considerable attention in many fields such as catalysis, energy storage and conversion, sensors, and environmental remediation due to their controllable composition, structure and pore size. MOFs are versatile precursors for the preparation of various forms of nanomaterials as well as new multifunctional nanocomposites/hybrids, which exhibit superior functional properties compared to the in idual components assembling the composites. This review provides an overview of recent developments achieved in the fabrication of porous MOF-derived nanostructures including carbons, metal oxides, metal chalcogenides (metal sulfides and selenides), metal carbides, metal phosphides and their composites. Finally, the challenges and future trends and prospects associated with the development of MOF-derived nanomaterials are also examined.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C7TC04189F
Abstract: Photochromic materials have been extensively studied because they are quite attractive and promising for many applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-09-2010
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 22-10-2014
DOI: 10.2495/BEM360061
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-05-2022
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.17734
Abstract: The process of blending powders using stirring blades involves complicated granular flows, particle‐scale mechanisms, and blade–particle interactions, which is challenging to predict and control. This article proposes a continuum‐based model for such a process by incorporating the flow rheology, isotropic particle diffusion and the percolation of granular materials. A method combining finite element method (FEM), finite difference method (FDM), and immersed boundary method (IBM) is developed to numerically implement the continuum model and applied to a cylindrical blade mixer. The model well describes the tempo‐spatial distribution of small/large particles in the stirring process, such as the accumulation of small particles in the vicinity of blades. Remarkably, this model can capture the various intricate effects of blade parameters, including the blade rake angle, rotating speeds, filling level, and the friction coefficient of the mixer wall. It is therefore promising for optimizing the blade mixers in industries.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2010
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-09-2005
DOI: 10.1021/IE050533M
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-2020
DOI: 10.3390/NANO10071293
Abstract: Interactions between nanoparticles is one of the key factors governing their assembly for ordered structures. Understanding such interactions between non-spherical nanoparticles and developing a quantitative force model are critical to achieving the ordered structures for various applications. In the present study, the non-contact interactions of two identical gold nanorods (AuNRs) with different aspect ratios have been studied by molecular dynamics simulation. A new interaction potential and force model for two nanorods approaching side-by-side has been proposed as a function of particle surface separation and their relative orientation. In addition, the interaction potentials of two nanorods approaching in other typical orientation configurations (i.e., crossed, head-to-head and head-to-side) have also been investigated.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-03-2013
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-02-2011
DOI: 10.1021/JP1108043
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-1997
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4812093
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 11-10-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-1992
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-07-2011
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-04-2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-06-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-03-2011
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-01-2007
DOI: 10.1021/LA062797Z
Abstract: The structural and optical stability of nanoparticles directly influences their applications. The shape evolution of silver nanoplates synthesized in the presence of bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) could be effectively frozen using thiols in aqueous solution. These thiols (e.g., 1-hexanethiol, 1-octanethiol, 1-dodecanethiol, and 1-hexadecanethiol) exhibit stronger surface affinity on the silver crystalline surfaces. This is evidenced from both the unchanged shape/size of nanoplates and their unshifted plasmon resonances in optical absorption. To quantitatively explain the thiol-frozen shape evolution mechanism of silver nanoplates at molecular scale, molecular dynamics simulation was performed. The results show that these thiols exhibit larger interaction energies than AOT molecules on the silver atomic surfaces and hence freeze the shape evolution of silver nanoparticles. This thiol-frozen strategy would not only be useful for stabilizing nanoparticles but would also allow the introduction of a wide range of surface chemical functionalities to the nanoparticles for potential applications in nanosensors.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-03-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-03-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1997
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-02-2013
DOI: 10.1021/LA305156S
Abstract: Quantification of the interactions between nanoparticles is important in understanding their dynamic behaviors and many related phenomena. In this study, molecular dynamics simulation is used to calculate the interaction potentials (i.e., van der Waals attraction, Born repulsion, and electrostatic interaction) between two silica nanospheres of equal radius in the range of 0.975 to 5.137 nm. The results are compared with those obtained from the conventional Hamaker approach, leading to the development of modified formulas to calculate the van der Waals attraction and Born repulsion between nanospheres, respectively. Moreover, Coulomb's law is found to be valid for calculating the electrostatic potential between nanospheres. The developed formulas should be useful in the study of the dynamic behaviors of nanoparticle systems under different conditions.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 09-2000
Abstract: This paper presents a simulation study of the packing of uniform fine-spherical particles where the van der Waals force is dominant. It is shown that porosity increases with the decreases of particle size from about 100 to 1 &mgr m and the simulated relationship can match the literature data well. The packing structure of fine particles is qualitatively depicted by illustrative pictures and quantified in terms of radial distribution function, angular distribution, and coordination number. The results indicate that in line with the increase in porosity, the first component of the split second peak and then the other peaks beyond the second one in the radial distribution function gradually vanish the first peak becomes narrower, with a sharp decrease to the first minimum. As particle size decreases, the peaks at 120 degrees and then 60 degrees in the angular distribution will gradually vanish the coordination number distribution shifts to the left and becomes narrower. The mean coordination number can decrease to a value as low as two for 1 &mgr m particles, giving a very loose and chainlike structure. The interparticle forces acting on in idual particles in a stable packing are analyzed and shown to be related to the packing properties.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 28-02-2018
DOI: 10.1093/NSR/NWY018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2007
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 26-12-2006
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4CP01279H
Abstract: Crystal plane-dependent gas-sensing performance of ZnO nanostructures toward ethanol has been investigated experimentally and theoretically through DFT simulation.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-06-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JP404329Q
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-01-2020
Publisher: Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
Date: 2010
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-10-2015
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3179812
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 08-07-2014
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/30/306004
Abstract: We report a systematic study of the magnetic properties in transition metals doped with WSe2 through the use of first principle calculations. The results demonstrate the possibility of generating long-range room temperature ferromagnetic interaction in WSe2 with the use of Mn and Fe doping. In the case of Fe, a percolation threshold is required for long-range ferromagnetism, whereas the long-range room temperature ferromagnetic interaction in Mn-doped WSe2 persists even at a low concentration (~5.6%). The ferromagnetism is mediated by the delocalized p states in the Se atoms, which couple antiferromagnetically with the spin-down a1 and e1 states in Fe doping through a correlated interaction. In Mn doping, the p states of Se tend to couple ferromagnetically with the 3d state of Mn, which stabilizes the long-range ferromagnetism between the Mn ions, although the short-range interaction is antiferromagnetic. In addition, the calculations indicate that Fe and Mn tend to configure at a high spin state, thus they possess much larger magnetic moments in WSe2 than when they are doped into other transition metal dichalcogenides. We also discovered a strong dependence of the exchange interaction on the dopants' spatial positions, distances, and concentrations, which alters the magnetic coupling from strong ferromagnetism to strong antiferromagnetism. These results can provide useful guidance to engineer the magnetic properties of WSe2 in future experiments.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-03-2015
Abstract: This study demonstrates a facile but efficient hydrothermal method for the direct synthesis of both carbonaceous silver (Ag@C core-shell) nanocables and carbonaceous nanotubes under mild conditions (<180 °C). The carbonaceous tubes can be formed by removal of the silver cores via an etching process under temperature control (60-140 °C). The structure and composition are characterized using various advanced microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The pertinent variables such as temperature, reaction time, and surfactants that can affect the formation and growth of the nanocables and nanotubes are investigated and optimized. It is found that cetyltrimethylammonium bromide plays multiple roles in the formation of Ag@C nanocables and carbonaceous nanotubes including: a shape controller for metallic Ag wires and Ag@C cables, a source of Br(-) ions to form insoluble AgBr and then Ag crystals, an etching agent of silver cores to form carbonaceous tubes, and an inducer to refill silver particles into the carbonaceous tubes to form core-shell structures. The formation mechanism of carbonaceous silver nanostructures depending upon temperature is also discussed. Finally, the electrocatalytic performance of the as-prepared Ag@C nanocables is assessed for the oxidation reduction reaction and found to be very active but much less costly than the commonly used platinum catalysts. The findings should be useful for designing and constructing carbonaceous-metal nanostructures with potential applications in conductive materials, catalysts, and biosensors.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-03-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-01-2011
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.12480
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-10-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-1994
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7TA03100A
Abstract: Green hydrogen bonded networks, which were conductive, healable, reshapable and eco-friendly, were fabricated for circuit repair, wearable sensor and flexible electronic devices.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 03-2007
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/KEM.334-335.753
Abstract: Polymer nanocomposites are recognized as the next generation of polymer composites due to their exceptional properties. Understanding the molecular origin of the reinforcement mechanism is crucial to the development of such promising materials. This paper reports our recent molecular dynamic study on clay-based polyurethane nanocomposites. The effect of clay platelets on phase separation behavior of polyurethane, at the clay-polyurethane interface, is quantified in terms of molecular interactions, structure and dynamics. The results show that the nanoconfinement of polyurethane chains in clay gallery impedes the development of phase separation commonly observed in bulk polyurethane. The absence of phase separation of intercalated polyurethane is believed to be related to the competitive interactions among clay platelet, polyurethane and surfactant.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-11-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1997
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 07-12-2015
Location: China
Location: Australia
Location: Australia
No related grants have been discovered for Aibing Yu.