ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7936-2941
Current Organisations
Nanyang Technological University
,
SUNY Buffalo
,
University of Sydney
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Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-2008
DOI: 10.1021/NN700319Z
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-07-2019
Abstract: This work reports an interferometric optical microfiber sensor functionalized with nitrogen- and sulfur-codoped carbon dots (CDs) for the detection of ferric ions (Fe
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-12-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-17453-4
Abstract: Bio-inspired technologies have remarkable potential for energy harvesting from clean and sustainable energy sources. Inspired by the hummingbird-wing structure, we propose a shape-adaptive, lightweight triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) designed to exploit the unique flutter mechanics of the hummingbird for small-scale wind energy harvesting. The flutter is confined between two surfaces for contact electrification upon oscillation. We investigate the flutter mechanics on multiple contact surfaces with several free-standing and lightweight electrification designs. The flutter driven-TENGs are deposited on simplified wing designs to match the electrical performance with variations in wind speed. The hummingbird TENG (H-TENG) device weighed 10 g, making it one of the lightest TENG harvesters in the literature. With a six TENG network, the hybrid design attained a 1.5 W m −2 peak electrical output at 7.5 m/s wind speed with an approximately linear increase in charge rate with the increased number of TENG harvesters. We demonstrate the ability of the H-TENG networks to operate Internet of Things (IoT) devices from sustainable and renewable energy sources.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-08-2008
DOI: 10.1021/NL800982Z
Abstract: In this communication, we present the experimental results of two- and three-photon excitation studies on silicon quantum dots (QDs) in chloroform (as well as in water) by using femtosecond laser pulses with wavelengths of 778 and 1,335 nm and a pulse duration approximately 160 fs. The photoluminescence spectral distributions are nearly the same upon one-, two-, and three-photon excitation. With one- and two-photon excitation, the temporal relaxation measurements of photoluminescence emission manifest the same multiexponential decay behavior in the time range from 0.05 ns to 15 micros, characterized by three successive decay constants: 0.75 ns, 300 ns, and 5 micros, respectively. Finally, the two-photon absorption spectrum in the spectral range of 650-900 nm and the three-photon absorption spectrum in the spectral range of 1,150-1,400 nm have been measured.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-03-2018
DOI: 10.1002/JCTB.5581
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3RA23169K
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-05-2017
Abstract: Two-photon photodynamic therapy (PDT) is able to offer precise 3D manipulation of treatment volumes, providing a target level that is unattainable with current therapeutic techniques. The advancement of this technique is greatly h ered by the availability of photosensitizers with large two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section, high reactive-oxygen-species (ROS) generation efficiency, and bright two-photon fluorescence. Here, an effective photosensitizer with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics is synthesized, characterized, and encapsulated into an hiphilic block copolymer to form organic dots for two-photon PDT applications. The AIE dots possess large TPA cross section, high ROS generation efficiency, and excellent photostability and biocompatibility, which overcomes the limitations of many conventional two-photon photosensitizers. Outstanding therapeutic performance of the AIE dots in two-photon PDT is demonstrated using in vitro cancer cell ablation and in vivo brain-blood-vessel closure as ex les. This shows therapy precision up to 5 µm under two-photon excitation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-09-2021
Abstract: Charge transfer plasmons (CTPs) in coupled plasmonic cavities have gained attention for their interesting resonance mechanisms and potential applications in sensing. The authors present the first investigation of the CTP mode in top‐down fabricated tall plasmonic nanostructures with deep nanogaps, whose excitation becomes possible by the interaction of transversal and longitudinal plasmonic modes. Hybridization of dipole and CTP modes at different parts of the plasmonic nanostructures, for both capacitively coupled dimer of sub‐5 nm gap and conductively coupled dimer with junction bridge is extensively studied. Importantly, the authors demonstrate the conditional emergence of a hybrid dimer‐CTP mode based on the cladding refractive index and analyte thickness, which can present an opportunity for highly specific surface sensing applications. The sensing performances of these modes are evaluated, showing a figure‐of‐merit of ≈ 18.4 and Q ≈ 44 for the hybrid dimer‐CTP mode in the visible spectrum. Surface sensing based on alkanethiol adsorption shows surface sensitivity as high as ≈ 3.2 nm/carbon‐chain for this mode, which is higher than the typical values obtained by LSP structures.
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.7150/THNO.4757
Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Date: 02-2010
DOI: 10.1117/1.3361662
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 07-10-2009
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.019041
Publisher: Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics
Date: 2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2013
Abstract: In idualized disease treatment is a promising branch for future medicine. In this work, we introduce an implantable microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based drug delivery device for programmable drug delivery. An in vitro study on cancer cell treatment has been conducted to demonstrate a proof-of-concept that the engineered device is suitable for in idualized disease treatment. This is the first study to demonstrate that MEMS drug delivery devices can influence the outcome of cancer drug treatment through the use of in idualized disease treatment regimes, where the strategy for drug dosages is tailored according to different in iduals. The presented device is electrochemically actuated through a diaphragm membrane and made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for biocompatibility using simple and cost-effective microfabrication techniques. In idualized disease treatment was investigated using the in vitro programmed delivery of a chemotherapy drug, doxorubicin, to pancreatic cancer cell cultures. Cultured cell colonies of two pancreatic cancer cell lines (Panc-1 and MiaPaCa-2) were treated with three programmed schedules and monitored for 7 days. The result shows that the colony growth has been successfully inhibited for both cell lines among all the three treatment schedules. Also, the different observations between the two cell lines under different schedules reveal that MiaPaCa-2 cells are more sensitive to the drug applied. These results demonstrate that further development on the device will provide a promising novel platform for in idualized disease treatment in future medicine as well as for automatic in vitro assays in drug development industry.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.MSEC.2015.07.044
Abstract: The toxicity of quantum dots (QDs) has been extensively studied over the past decade. Some common factors that originate the QD toxicity include releasing of heavy metal ions from degraded QDs and the generation of reactive oxygen species on the QD surface. In addition to these factors, we should also carefully examine other potential QD toxicity causes that will play crucial roles in impacting the overall biological system. In this contribution, we have performed cytotoxicity assessment of four types of QD formulations in two different human cancer cell models. The four types of QD formulations, namely, mercaptopropionic acid modified CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs (CdSe-MPA), PEGylated phospholipid encapsulated CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs (CdSe-Phos), PEGylated phospholipid encapsulated InP/ZnS QDs (InP-Phos) and Pluronic F127 encapsulated CdTe/ZnS QDs (CdTe-F127), are representatives for the commonly used QD formulations in biomedical applications. Both the core materials and the surface modifications have been taken into consideration as the key factors for the cytotoxicity assessment. Through side-by-side comparison and careful evaluations, we have found that the toxicity of QDs does not solely depend on a single factor in initiating the toxicity in biological system but rather it depends on a combination of elements from the particle formulations. More importantly, our toxicity assessment shows different cytotoxicity trend for all the prepared formulations tested on gastric adenocarcinoma (BGC-823) and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines. We have further proposed that the cellular uptake of these nanocrystals plays an important role in determining the final faith of the toxicity impact of the formulation. The result here suggests that the toxicity of QDs is rather complex and it cannot be generalized under a few assumptions reported previously. We suggest that one have to evaluate the QD toxicity on a case to case basis and this indicates that standard procedures and comprehensive protocols are urgently needed to be developed and employed for fully assessing and understanding the origins of the toxicity arising from different QD formulations.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-04-2018
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6NR00996D
Abstract: First-line therapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) has always involved the use of BCR-ABL tyrosine-kinase inhibitors which is associated with an abnormal chromosome called Philadelphia chromosome. Although the overall survival rate has been improved by the current therapeutic regime, the presence of resistance has resulted in limited efficacy. In this study, an RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapeutic regime is proposed with the aim to knockdown the BCR-ABL hybrid oncogene using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The siRNA transfection rates have usually been limited due to the declining contact probability among polyplexes and the non-adherent nature of leukemic cells. Our work aims at addressing this limitation by using a biodegradable charged polyester-based vector (BCPV) as a nanocarrier for the delivery of BCR-ABL-specific siRNA to the suspension culture of a K562 CML cell line. BCR-ABL siRNAs were encapsulated in the BCPVs by electrostatic force. Cell internalization was facilitated by the BCPV and assessed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The regulation of the BCR-ABL level in K562 cells as a result of RNAi was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We observed that BCPV was able to form stable nanoplexes with siRNA molecules, even in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS), and successfully assisted in vitro siRNA transfection in the non-adherent K562 cells. As a consequence of downregulation of BCR-ABL, BCPV-siRNA nanoplexes inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. All results were compared with a commercial transfection reagent, Lipofectamine2000™, which served as a positive control. More importantly, this class of non-viral vector exhibits biodegradable features and negligible cytotoxicity, thus providing a versatile platform to deliver siRNA to non-adherent leukemia cells with high transfection efficiency by effectively overcoming extra- and intra-cellular barriers. Due to the excellent in vitro transfection results from BCPV-siRNA, a newly developed biodegradable transfection agent, BCPV, is being probed for transfection performance in an animal model.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 25-07-2016
DOI: 10.1364/OE.24.017553
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-06-2012
Abstract: In this paper, we report on the enhancement of spectral photoresponsivity of porous silicon metal–semiconductor metal (PS-MSM) photodetector embedded with colloidal quantum dots (QDs) inside the pore layer. The detection efficiency of QDs/PS hybrid-MSM photodetector was enhanced by five times larger than that of the undoped PS-MSM photodetector. The bandgap alignment between PS (approximately 1.77 eV) and QDs (approximately 1.91 eV) facilitates the photoinduced electron transfer from QDs to PS whereby enhancing the photoresponsivity. We also showed that the photoresponsitivity of QD/PS hybrid-MSM photodetector depends on the number of layer coatings of QDs and the pore sizes of PS.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2010
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.7150/THNO.17841
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-09-2015
Abstract: Graphene-gold metasurface architectures that can provide significant gains in plasmonic detection sensitivity for trace-amount target analytes are reported. Benefiting from extreme phase singularities of reflected light induced by strong plasmon-mediated energy confinements, the metasurface demonstrates a much-improved sensitivity to molecular bindings nearby and achieves an ultralow detection limit of 1 × 10(-18) m for 7.3 kDa 24-mer single-stranded DNA.
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.7150/NTNO.27308
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-2015
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S81395
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 05-04-2020
DOI: 10.3390/S20072046
Abstract: Recently, carbon allotropes have received tremendous research interest and paved a new avenue for optical fiber sensing technology. Carbon allotropes exhibit unique sensing properties such as large surface to volume ratios, biocompatibility, and they can serve as molecule enrichers. Meanwhile, optical fibers possess a high degree of surface modification versatility that enables the incorporation of carbon allotropes as the functional coating for a wide range of detection tasks. Moreover, the combination of carbon allotropes and optical fibers also yields high sensitivity and specificity to monitor target molecules in the vicinity of the nanocoating surface. In this review, the development of carbon allotropes-based optical fiber sensors is studied. The first section provides an overview of four different types of carbon allotropes, including carbon nanotubes, carbon dots, graphene, and nanodiamonds. The second section discusses the synthesis approaches used to prepare these carbon allotropes, followed by some deposition techniques to functionalize the surface of the optical fiber, and the associated sensing mechanisms. Numerous applications that have benefitted from carbon allotrope-based optical fiber sensors such as temperature, strain, volatile organic compounds and biosensing applications are reviewed and summarized. Finally, a concluding section highlighting the technological deficiencies, challenges, and suggestions to overcome them is presented.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0LC00202J
Abstract: A novel and robust method for synthesizing the biofunctionalized CuInS 2 /ZnS quantum dots by the microfluidics chips. The synthesized quantum dot materials are easy to be modified by surface targeted biomolecules and can be used in targeted cell imaging research.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-08-2010
DOI: 10.1021/NN101016F
Abstract: Luminescent silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) are gaining momentum in bioimaging applications, based on their unique combination of optical properties and biocompatibility. Here, we report the development of a multimodal probe that combines the optical properties of silicon quantum dots with the superparamagnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles to create biocompatible magnetofluorescent nanoprobes. Multiple nanoparticles of each type are coencapsulated within the hydrophobic core of biocompatible phospholipid-polyethyleneglycol (DSPE-PEG) micelles. The size distribution and composition of the magnetofluorescent nanoprobes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Enhanced cellular uptake of these probes in the presence of a magnetic field was demonstrated in vitro. Their luminescence stability in a prostate cancer tumor model microenvironment was demonstrated in vivo. This paves the way for multimodal silicon quantum-dot-based nanoplatforms for a variety of imaging and delivery applications.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 16-04-2018
DOI: 10.1063/1.5027133
Abstract: In this letter, we experimentally demonstrate thirtyfold enhancement in Goos-Hänchen shift at the Brewster angle of a nanophotonic cavity that operates at the wavelength of 632.8 nm. In particular, the point-of-darkness and the singular phase are achieved using a four-layered metal-dielectric-dielectric-metal asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavity. A highly absorbing ultra-thin layer of germanium in the stack gives rise to the singular phase and the enhanced Goos-Hänchen shift at the point-of-darkness. The obtained giant Goos-Hänchen shift in the lithography-free nanophotonic cavity could enable many intriguing applications including cost-effective label-free biosensors.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 17-06-2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4BM00019F
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-12-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-05-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-01839-5
Abstract: Modes attenuation of the tube lattice fiber (TLF) is characterized by D /λ, where D is the core diameter and λ is the wavelength. Hence, the TLF is structured with a large core to ensure a low attenuation loss. A small core, on the other hand, facilitates the gas-filled TLF applications, but at the expense of the increased mode attenuation. We show that adding a second cladding layer to the conventional one layer TLF (1TLF) can resolve the contradicting requirements. The mode attenuation of TLF with two cladding layers (2TLF) is less influenced by the D / λ value as compared to 1TLF, thus realizing a low loss small core TLF. Furthermore, we found that adding the second layer brings another advantage to a bending performance. With a determined core size, D , a 1TLF with smaller capillary hole size, d , experiences less bending loss. However, the reduced d increases the confinement loss that counteracts the bending loss improvement. This confliction is substantially alleviated in 2TLF thanks to the second cladding layer. Theoretical investigations and experimental demonstrations are presented to evidence the important role of the second cladding ring in the TLF, which has been overlooked in prior studies.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-08-2009
Abstract: A facile synthesis method to produce monodisperse, biocompatible, lysine crosslinked mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) CdSe(0.25)Te(0.75)/CdS near-infrared (NIR) quantum dots and use them as probes to study their long term in vivo distribution, clearance, and toxicity is presented. Large signal enhancements are demonstrated by these quantum dots, which enables their use as efficient and sensitive probes for live-animal imaging. An important finding is that mice intravenously injected with approximately 10.5 mg kg(-1) of NIR QDs survive for more than three months without any apparent adverse effect to their health. Furthermore, it is determined that there is a significant reduction in the number of the QDs in the liver and spleen three months post injection. In addition, histological analysis of heart, kidney, liver, spleen, and lung tissue indicates that there are no acute toxic effects from these lysine cross-linked MUA NIR QDs. This study suggests that these NIR QDs can be potentially used for long-term targeted imaging and therapy studies in vivo.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-06-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4RA00288A
Abstract: Aqueous CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots with different surface ligands were prepared through ligand exchange and extensively characterized for biological applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2016
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 27-12-2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3531650
Abstract: Enhanced photorefractive (PR) response in nanocrystal-polymer nanocomposite PR devices at the telecommunication wavelength of 1.3 μm is achieved using facile surface treatment of PbS nanocrystals functionalized with thermally cleavable ligands. The cleavage of the ligands, by heat treatment, results in significant improvement in both photocharge generation and PR response, as demonstrated by photoconductivity and two-beam coupling (TBC) experiments, respectively. The TBC experiment shows that the optical gain coefficient is improved drastically (about 63%) at an applied electric field of 84 V/μm.
Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
Date: 07-02-2007
DOI: 10.1149/1.2408919
Abstract: Zinc sulfide is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap in the near-UV region. Here, we demonstrate the preparation of ZnS nanoparticles (NPs) by spray pyrolysis using zinc diethyldithiocarbamate as a single-source precursor. Solutions of this precursor in toluene are dispersed into fine droplets by an atomizer, and then carried into a tube furnace where they evaporate fully. ZnS NPs then nucleate from the vapor phase. The NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), and optical spectroscopies. The NPs are about 3 - 20 nm in diameter and are crystalline, as indicated by the presence of lattice fringes in HRTEM, and by selective-area electron diffraction. Their XRD pattern shows a single peak, indexed to the (111) plane of the cubic zinc blende lattice. The UV absorption spectrum shows peaks in the range of 330-380 nm, and the NP's exhibit bright blue photoluminescent emission under UV illumination.
Publisher: SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C5NR09144F
Abstract: In this paper, a new method for synthesizing non-aqueous copper sulfide nanocrystals with different shapes and sizes using a homemade continuous-flow millifluidic chip is presented. Conventionally, the shape control of nanocrystals was accomplished using a surfactant-controlled approach, where directional growth is facilitated by selective passivation of a particular facet of the nanocrystals using surfactants. We demonstrate a "surfactant-free" approach where different sizes and shapes (i.e. spherical, triangular prism and rod) of plasmonic copper sulfide (Cu(2-x)S) nanocrystals can be fabricated by adjusting the flow rate and precursor concentrations. As continuous-flow synthesis enables uniform heating and easy variation of precursors' stoichiometries, it serves as an excellent incubation platform for nanoparticles due to its simplicity and high reproducibility. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fast Fourier transform (FFT) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to characterize the as-synthesized nanocrystals and revealed structures ranging from copper-deficient covellite (CuS), spionkopite (Cu1.39S), roxbyite (Cu1.75S), to copper-rich djurleite (Cu1.94S). The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak of the nanocrystals can be tuned from 1115 to 1644 nm by simply varying the copper to sulfur molar ratio and flow rate. Furthermore, photothermal effects of Cu(2-x)S nanocrystals were also demonstrated to annihilate the RAW264.7 cells upon near infra-red laser irradiation.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-06-2012
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3AN01030A
Abstract: This work reports the study of optimization of the reaction parameters on the synthesis of high quality CuInS2 and AgInS2 nanocrystals for bioimaging applications. The concentration of reaction precursors (e.g. Ag, Cu, In and S) plays a key role in determining the emission profile of these ternary quantum dots (QDs). By carefully varying the precursor compositions, the emission of QD can be tuned from red to near infrared (NIR) region. Taking the advantages of NIR emission, which possesses minimal absorption in biological tissues, we have also prepared water-dispersible CuInS2/ZnS and AgInS2/ZnS nanocrystals and demonstrated the high biocompatibility for both deep tissue penetration and tumor targeting. The QDs were stabilized in Pluronic F127 block copolymer micelles, offering us optically and colloidally stable contrast agents for in vitro and in vivo imaging. Two-photon excitation of QD has also been demonstrated, accomplishing a NIR-to-NIR transaction. This study devotes the key steps in promoting the use of ternary QDs as low-toxic, photostable, and cadmium-free semiconductor nanocrystal formulation for multiple imaging applications.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-11-2006
DOI: 10.1021/CM061771Q
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0NJ01890B
Abstract: Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) within two dimension (2D) have been gaining widespread consideration due to their exclusive optoelectronic properties.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3RA45335A
Publisher: Springer New York
Date: 2017
Publisher: The American Association of Immunologists
Date: 15-04-2012
Abstract: Morphine is a widely abused, addictive drug that modulates immune function. Macrophages are a primary reservoir of HIV-1 therefore, they play a role in the development of this disease, as well as impact the overall course of disease progression. Galectin-1 is a member of a family of β-galactoside–binding lectins that are soluble adhesion molecules and that mediate direct cell–pathogen interactions during HIV-1 viral adhesion. Because the drug abuse epidemic and the HIV-1 epidemic are closely interrelated, we propose that increased expression of galectin-1 induced by morphine may modulate HIV-1 infection of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). In this article, we show that galectin-1 gene and protein expression are potentiated by incubation with morphine. Confirming previous studies, morphine alone or galectin-1 alone enhance HIV-1 infection of MDMs. Concomitant incubation with exogenous galectin-1 and morphine potentiated HIV-1 infection of MDMs. We used a nanotechnology approach that uses gold nanorod–galectin-1 small interfering RNA complexes (nanoplexes) to inhibit gene expression for galectin-1. We found that nanoplexes silenced gene expression for galectin-1, and they reversed the effects of morphine on galectin-1 expression. Furthermore, the effects of morphine on HIV-1 infection were reduced in the presence of the nanoplex.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-12-2016
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7AN01026E
Abstract: We have developed a next generation aptamer-based b io-bar c ode (ABC) assay to detect cytochrome- c (Cyto-c), a cell death marker released from cancer cells, for anti-cancer drug screening.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-07-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-11-2011
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-03-2009
DOI: 10.1021/AM8002318
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.7150/THNO.3692
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C2CS35392J
Abstract: Tremendous research efforts have been devoted to fabricating high quality quantum dots (QDs) for applications in biology and medicine. Much of this research was pursued with an ultimate goal of using QDs in clinical applications. However, a great deal of concern has been voiced about the potential hazards of QDs due to their heavy-metal content. Many studies have demonstrated toxicity of various QDs in cell culture studies. However, in a smaller number of studies using small animal models (mice and rats), no abnormal behaviour or tissue damage was noticed over periods of months after the systemic administration of QDs. Nevertheless, the correlation of these results with the potential for negative effects of QD on humans remains unclear. Many urgent questions must be answered before the QDs community moves into the clinical research phase. This review provides an overview of the toxicity assessment of QDs, ranging from cell culture studies to animal models and discusses their findings. Guidelines for using various nonhuman primate models for QD toxicity studies are highlighted. This review article is intended to promote the awareness of current developments of QD applications in biology, the potential toxicity of QDs, and approaches to minimizing toxicity.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-09-2010
Abstract: Over the past few years, CdTe quantum dots have been demonstrated as powerful probes for biophotonics applications. The aqueous phase synthesis technique remains the best approach to make high quality CdTe QDs in a single‐pot process. CdTe QDs prepared directly in the aqueous phase can have quantum yield as high as 80%. In addition, the surface of CdTe QDs prepared using the aqueous phase technique is functionalized with reactive groups that enable them to be directly conjugated with specific ligands for targeted delivery and sensing. In this contribution, we review recent progress in fabricating aqueous CdTe QDs and exploiting their optical properties in novel approaches to biomedical imaging and sensing applications. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.7150/THNO.3459
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Date: 06-2010
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.7150/THNO.3456
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C0CC05041E
Abstract: Low toxicity arginine cross-linked mercaptoundecanoic acid CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots were synthesized for two-photon imaging of live cancer cells.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1NR00001B
Abstract: In this study QDs were encapsulated in carboxylated PluronicF127 (F127COOH) triblock polymeric micelles and conjugated with anti-mesothelin antibody for the purpose of alleviating potential toxicity, enhancing the stability and improving targeting efficiency of CdTe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) in tumors. The hiphilic triblock polymer of F127COOH contains hydrophilic carboxylated poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and hydrophobic poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) units. After encapsulating QDs into carboxylated F127 (F127COOH-QD) micelles, the particles were conjugated with anti-mesothelin antibodies to allow targeting of cancerous areas. The size of the monodispersed spherical QD-containing micelles was determined to be ∼120 nm by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The critical micelle concentration (CMC) was estimated to be 4.7 × 10(-7) M. In an in vitro study, the anti-methoselin antibody conjugated F127COOH (Me-F127COOH-QD) nanomicelles showed negligible cytotoxicity to pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1). Confocal microscopy demonstrated that the Me-F127COOH-QD nanomicelles were taken up more efficiently by Panc-1 cells, due to antibody mediated targeting. An in vivo imaging study showed that Me-F127COOH-QD nanomicelles accumulated at the pancreatic tumor site 15 min after intravenous injection. In addition, the low in vivo toxicity of the nanomicellar formulation was evaluated by pathological assays. These results suggest that anti-mesothein antibody conjugated carboxylated F127 nanomicelles may serve as a promising nanoscale platform for early human pancreatic cancer detection and targeted drug delivery.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-01-2007
DOI: 10.1021/JP066392Z
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 07-2010
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C6TB03116A
Abstract: Biodegradable charged polyester-based vectors (BCPVs) were utilized for efficiently delivering mutated K-Ras -targeting siRNA and successfully inhibiting tumor growth in a pancreatic xenograft model in vivo .
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 28-06-2016
DOI: 10.1364/AOP.8.000328
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2006
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 10-10-2019
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 11-03-2016
DOI: 10.1117/12.2213902
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2NR31002C
Abstract: Luminescent imaging agents and MRI contrast agents are desirable components in the rational design of multifunctional nanoconstructs for biological imaging applications. Luminescent biocompatible silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) and gadolinium chelates can be applied for fluorescence microscopy and MRI, respectively. Here, we report the first synthesis of a nanocomplex incorporating SiQDs and gadolinium ions (Gd³⁺) for biological applications. The nanoconstruct is composed of a PEGylated micelle, with hydrophobic SiQDs in its core, covalently bound to DOTA-chelated Gd³⁺. Dynamic light scattering reveals a radius of 85 nm for these nanoconstructs, which is consistent with the electron microscopy results depicting radii ranging from 25 to 60 nm. Cellular uptake of the probes verified that they maintain their optical properties within the intracellular environment. The magnetic resonance relaxivity of the nanoconstruct was 2.4 mM⁻¹ s⁻¹ (in terms of Gd³⁺ concentration), calculated to be around 6000 mM⁻¹ s⁻¹ per nanoconstruct. These desirable optical and relaxivity properties of the newly developed probe open the door for use of SiQDs in future multimodal applications such as tumour imaging.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/B916663G
Abstract: This contribution introduces the use of cadmium-free CuInS(2) quantum dots (QDs) for targeted and multiplexed optical imaging of tumors in mice. CuInS(2)/ZnS QDs were synthesized in a non-aqueous phase using the hot colloidal synthesis method. Previous challenges involving stable aqueous dispersion of highly luminescent CuInS(2)/ZnS QDs have been overcome by encapsulating them within functionalized phospholipid micelles, which also facilitated their conjugation with folic acid for targeted delivery. Luminescence signals of QDs of multiple colors were readily differentiated from background autofluorescence in whole animal optical imaging. In addition, two-photon excitation studies revealed that the prepared water-dispersible QDs are suitable for two-photon in vitro and in vivo imaging. This study demonstrates the important key steps in realizing of the potential of CuInS(2) QDs as low-toxicity, photostable, cadmium-free and highly luminescent probes for cancer detection and sensing.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-12-2010
DOI: 10.1021/NN1018945
Abstract: Quantum dots (QDs) have size-dependent optical properties that make them uniquely advantageous for in vivo targeted fluorescence imaging, traceable delivery, and therapy. The use of group II-VI (e.g., CdSe) QDs for these applications is advancing rapidly. However, group II-VI QDs contain toxic heavy metals that limit their in vivo applications. Thus, replacing these with QDs of a biocompatible semiconductor, such as silicon (Si), is desirable. Here, we demonstrate that properly encapsulated biocompatible Si QDs can be used in multiple cancer-related in vivo applications, including tumor vasculature targeting, sentinel lymph node mapping, and multicolor NIR imaging in live mice. This work overcomes dispersibility and functionalization challenges to in vivo imaging with Si QDs through a unique nanoparticle synthesis, surface functionalization, PEGylated micelle encapsulation, and bioconjugation process that produces bright, targeted nanospheres with stable luminescence and long (>40 h) tumor accumulation time in vivo. Upon the basis of this demonstration, we anticipate that Si QDs can play an important role in more sophisticated in vivo models, by alleviating QD toxicity concerns while maintaining the key advantages of QD-based imaging methods.
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.7150/THNO.4275
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 16-03-2010
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/14/145105
Abstract: In this paper, we report the use of near-infrared (NIR)-emitting alloyed quantum dots (QDs) as efficient optical probes for high contrast in vivo imaging of tumors. Alloyed CdTe(1 - x)Se(x)/CdS QDs were prepared in the non-aqueous phase using the hot colloidal synthesis approach. Water dispersion of the QDs were accomplished by their encapsulation within polyethyleneglycol (PEG)-grafted phospholipid micelles. For tumor-specific delivery in vivo, the micelle-encapsulated QDs were conjugated with the cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptide, which targets the alpha(v)beta(3) integrins overexpressed in the angiogenic tumor vasculatures. Using in vivo NIR optical imaging of mice bearing pancreatic cancer xenografts, implanted both subcutaneously and orthotopically, we have demonstrated that systemically delivered cRGD-conjugated QDs, but not the unconjugated ones, can efficiently target and label the tumors with high signal-to-noise ratio. Histopathological analysis of major organs of the treated mice showed no evidence of systemic toxicity associated with these QDs. These experiments suggest that cRGD-conjugated NIR QDs can serve as safe and efficient probes for optical bioimaging of tumors in vivo. Furthermore, by co-encapsulating these QDs and anticancer drugs within these micelles, we have demonstrated a promising theranostic, nanosized platform for both cancer imaging and therapy.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-09-2018
Abstract: The development of various plasmonic nanoporous materials has attracted much interest in different areas of research including bioengineering and biosensing because of their large surface area and versatile porous structure. Here, we introduce a novel technique for fabricating silver-stibnite nanoporous plasmonic films. Unlike conventional techniques that are usually used to fabricate nanoporous plasmonic films, we use a room-temperature growth method that is wet-chemistry free, which enables wafer-scale fabrication of nanoporous films on flexible substrates. We show the existence of propagating surface plasmon polaritons in nanoporous films and demonstrate the extreme bulk refractive index sensitivity of the films using the Goos-Hänchen shift interrogation scheme. In the proof-of-concept biosensing experiments, we functionalize the nanoporous films with biotin-thiol using a modified functionalization technique, to capture streptavidin. The fractal nature of the films increases the overlap between the local field and the immobilized biomolecules. The extreme sensitivity of the Goos-Hänchen shift allows femtomolar concentrations of streptavidin to be detected in real time, which is unprecedented using surface plasmons excited via the Kretschmann configuration.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-11-2022
DOI: 10.1063/5.0106855
Abstract: The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body with largest mass of glandular tissue. Modeling the liver has been challenging due to its variety of major functions, including processing nutrients and vitamins, detoxification, and regulating body metabolism. The intrinsic shortfalls of conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture methods for studying pharmacokinetics in parenchymal cells (hepatocytes) have contributed to suboptimal outcomes in clinical trials and drug development. This prompts the development of highly automated, biomimetic liver-on-a-chip (LOC) devices to simulate native liver structure and function, with the aid of recent progress in microfluidics. LOC offers a cost-effective and accurate model for pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity studies. This review provides a critical update on recent developments in designing LOCs and fabrication strategies. We highlight biomimetic design approaches for LOCs, including mimicking liver structure and function, and their erse applications in areas such as drug screening, toxicity assessment, and real-time biosensing. We capture the newest ideas in the field to advance the field of LOCs and address current challenges.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7RA05401G
Abstract: In this work, a miniature fluidic synthesis platform utilizing millimeter dimension channels yielding highly reproducible batch synthesis of luminescent cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots and nanocrystals is demonstrated.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Date: 12-2010
Abstract: In this paper, we report the synthesis of FGF-2 peptide labeled luminescent nanocrystals as optical probes for targeted imaging of live neuroblastoma cells. Confocal laser scanning microscopy technique was used to confirm the receptor-mediated uptake of the bioconjugates into the live neuroblastoma cells and study the dynamic profile of the bioconjugates within a single cell. It was found that the bioconjugates were self-assembled near the nuclear periphery after they entered the cellular cytoplasm. In addition to confocal imaging, the cytotoxicity of bioconjugates was investigated using colorimetric cell viability (MTS) assay. The MTS study reveals that the bioconjugate formulation has very low toxicity. These results demonstrate that the luminescent nanocrystal bioconjugates can serve as biocompatible targeted probes for multiplex cell labeling and molecule tracking.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-11-2021
Abstract: Plasmonic‐based sensing revolves around the generation of plasmons as a result of light–matter interactions. Analytical and/or diagnostic technologies based on this principle are extremely successful and popular in the bio‐medical industry due to their high sensitivity as well as real‐time and label‐free sensing capabilities. Employing 2D multilayers as the main plasmonic substrate instead of pure metals is a relatively new concept that can provide advantages for the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. In this work, the gain in sensitivity of the Au–Ag based SPR sensors is evaluated by employing 2D materials like graphene, MoS 2 , and WS 2 in a multilayer SPR system. The simulations calculate the sensitivity of such multi‐layered SPR structures and indicate that the use of WS 2 in the modified system can lead to an increased sensitivity (1.53 times) as compared to the standard Au‐based Kretschmann configuration.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-11-2010
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2016
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-11-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-11-2012
DOI: 10.3390/MI3040615
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C2RA22132B
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3RA41153B
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.7150/THNO.5133
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 2013
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 07-04-2009
Abstract: Drug abuse is a worldwide health concern in which addiction involves activation of the dopaminergic signaling pathway in the brain. Here, we introduce a nanotechnology approach that utilizes gold nanorod-DARPP-32 siRNA complexes (nanoplexes) that target this dopaminergic signaling pathway in the brain. The shift in the localized longitudinal plasmon resonance peak of gold nanorods (GNRs) was used to show their interaction with siRNA. Plasmonic enhanced dark field imaging was used to visualize the uptake of these nanoplexes in dopaminergic neurons in vitro. Gene silencing of the nanoplexes in these cells was evidenced by the reduction in the expression of key proteins (DARPP-32, ERK, and PP-1) belonging to this pathway, with no observed cytotoxicity. Moreover, these nanoplexes were shown to transmigrate across an in vitro model of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Therefore, these nanoplexes appear to be suited for brain-specific delivery of appropriate siRNA for therapy of drug addiction and other brain diseases.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-06-2012
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3CS60479A
Abstract: The main challenge for all electrical, mechanical and optical sensors is to detect low molecular weight (less than 400 Da) chemical and biological analytes under extremely dilute conditions. Surface plasmon resonance sensors are the most commonly used optical sensors due to their unique ability for real-time monitoring the molecular binding events. However, their sensitivities are insufficient to detect trace amounts of small molecular weight molecules such as cancer biomarkers, hormones, antibiotics, insecticides, and explosive materials which are respectively important for early-stage disease diagnosis, food quality control, environmental monitoring, and homeland security protection. With the rapid development of nanotechnology in the past few years, nanomaterials-enhanced surface plasmon resonance sensors have been developed and used as effective tools to sense hard-to-detect molecules within the concentration range between pmol and amol. In this review article, we reviewed and discussed the latest trend and challenges in engineering and applications of nanomaterials-enhanced surface plasmon resonance sensors (e.g., metallic nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, latex nanoparticles and liposome nanoparticles) for detecting "hard-to-identify" biological and chemical analytes. Such information will be viable in terms of providing a useful platform for designing future ultrasensitive plasmonic nanosensors.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2013
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-02-2009
DOI: 10.1021/NN8008933
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C8CS00832A
Abstract: This tutorial summarizes and integrates recent advances in design and synthesis of copper sulfide-based nanoheterostructures and their applications in energy and healthcare.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-11-2018
DOI: 10.3390/FIB6040089
Abstract: Hollow-Core Anti-Resonant Fiber (HC-ARF) shows promising applications. Nevertheless, there has been a persistent problem when it comes to all-fiber integration due to a lack of HC-ARF-based fiber components. In response to this remaining challenge, we investigate a reliable, versatile and efficient method to convert an HC-ARF into a fiber filter. By locally heating an HC-ARF with a CO2 laser, the fiber structure becomes deformed, and cladding capillaries shrink to produce a thicker wall. This process is analogous to “writing” a new fiber with a thicker wall on the original fiber, resulting in creating new high loss regions in the original transmission bands. Thus, the construction of a fiber filter is realized by “writing” a new fiber on the original fiber. The feasibility of this method is confirmed through experiments, adopting both one- and two-layer HC-ARF. The HC-ARF-based fiber filters are found to have transmission spectra consistent with simulation prediction. Both band pass and band reject fiber filters with more than a 20-dB extinction ratio are obtainable without extra loss. Thus, an in-fiber HC-ARF filter is demonstrated by the CO2 writing process. Its versatile approach promises controlled band selection and would find interesting applications to be discussed.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5TB00587F
Abstract: Folic acid-conjugated fluorescent silica nanoparticles with biocompatibility and high-selectivity show great potential for in vivo tumor imaging.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D1MH01869H
Abstract: A biocompatible organic room-temperature phosphorescence photosensitizer that can be excited using two-photon near-infrared light is developed for photodynamic therapy to achieve improved oxygen species generation and tissue penetration.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-09-2015
Abstract: We proposed a side channel photonic crystal fiber (SC-PCF) based Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform which is able to accurately monitor lipid peroxidation derived protein modifications in cells. This platform incorporates linoleamide alkyne (LAA), which is oxidized and subsequently modifies proteins in cells with alkyne functional group upon lipid peroxidation. By loading the side channel of SC-PCF with a mixture of gold nanoparticles and LAA treated cells, and subsequently measuring the interference-free alkyne Raman peak from these proteins in cells, strong SERS signal was obtained. The platform provides a method for the rapid monitoring of lipid peroxidation derived protein modification in cells.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-03-2019
Abstract: Therapeutic strategy based on the restoration of tumor suppressor-microRNAs (miRNAs) is a promising approach for cancer therapy, but the low delivery efficiency of miRNA remains a huge hurdle due to the lack of safe and efficient nonviral carriers. In this work, with the use of newly developed PEGylated biodegradable charged polyester-based vectors (PEG-BCPVs) as the carrier, the miR26a and miR122 codelivering therapeutic strategy (PEG-BCPVs/miR26a/miR122 as the delivery formulation) is successfully developed for efficient treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In vitro study results show that PEG-BCPVs are capable of effectively facilitating miRNA cellular uptake via a cell endocytosis pathway. Consequently, the restoration of miR26a and miR122 remarkably inhibit the cell growth, migration, invasion, colony formation, and induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells. More importantly, the chemosensitivity of HepG2 to anticancer drug is also considerably enhanced. After treatment with the PEG-BCPV-based miRNA delivery system, the expression of the multiple targeted genes corresponding to miR26a and miR122 in HepG2 cells is greatly downregulated. Accordingly, the newly developed miRNA restoration therapeutic strategy via biodegradable PEG-BCPVs as the carrier should be a promising modality for combating HCC.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3RA41056K
Publisher: Future Medicine Ltd
Date: 06-2011
DOI: 10.2217/NNM.11.20
Abstract: Aim: Gold nanorods (GNRs), cellular imaging nanoprobes, have been used for drug delivery therapy to immunologically privileged regions in the brain. We demonstrate that nanoplexes formed by electrostatic binding between negatively charged RNA and positively charged GNRs, silence the expression of the target housekeeping gene, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) within the CA1 hippoc al region of the rat brain, without showing cytotoxicity. Materials & Methods: Fluorescence imaging with siRNA Cy3 GAPDH and dark-field imaging using plasmonic enhanced scattering from GNRs were used to monitor the distribution of the nanoplexes within different neuronal cell types present in the targeted hippoc al region. Results & Conclusion: Our results show robust nanoplex uptake and slow release of the fluorescent gene silencer with significant impact on the suppression of GAPDH gene expression (70% gene silencing, days postinjection). The observed gene knockdown using nanoplexes in targeted regions of the brain opens a new era of drug treatment for neurological disorders.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 09-02-2007
DOI: 10.1021/NL063031M
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 07-04-2017
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C9BM00881K
Abstract: AIEgens possess superior cytotoxicity, tumor invasion, and hemolysis against cancer cells and cancer stem cells. Simple structural modifications enable them as highly biocompatible, image-guided chemotherapy agents.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1EN00273B
Abstract: An overall structure of this review.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-08-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-02-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-02-2013
Abstract: The application of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based RNA interference (RNAi) for cancer gene therapy has attracted great attention. Gene therapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment because it is relatively non-invasive and has a higher therapeutic specificity than chemotherapy. However, without the use of safe and efficient carriers, siRNAs cannot effectively penetrate the cell membranes and RNAi is impeded. In this work, cationic poly(lactic acid) (CPLA)-based degradable nanocapsules (NCs) are utilized as novel carriers of siRNA for effective gene silencing of pancreatic cancer cells. These CPLA-NCs can readily form nanoplexes with K-Ras siRNA and over 90% transfection efficiency is achieved using the nanoplexes. Cell viability studies show that the nanoparticles are highly biocompatible and non-toxic, indicating that CPLA-NC is a promising potential candidate for gene therapy in a clinical setting.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-11-2016
DOI: 10.1038/SREP37677
Abstract: Despite the usefulness of quantum dots (QDs) in biomedicine and optoelectronics, their toxicity risks remain a major obstacle for clinical usages. Hence, we studied the reproductive toxicity of CdSe/ZnS QDs on two aspects, (i) in vivo ovarian functions and (ii) in vitro fertilization process. The body weight, estrous cycles, biodistribution of QDs, and oocyte maturation are evaluated on female mice treated with QDs. The mRNA level of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHr) and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHr) in ovaries are assayed. Then, the matured cumulus-oocyte-complexes are harvested to co-culture with in vitro capacitated sperms, and the in vitro fertilization is performed. The result revealed that QDs are found in the ovaries, but no changes are detected on the behavior and estrous cycle on the female mice. The mRNA downregulations of FSHr and LHr are observed and the number of matured oocytes has shown a significant decrease when the QDs dosage was above 1.0 pmol/day. Additionally, we found the presence of QDs has reduced the in vitro fertilization success rate. This study highly suggests that the exposure of CdSe/ZnS QDs to female mice can cause adverse effects to the ovary functions and such QDs may have limited applications in clinical usage.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-04-2011
Publisher: Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics
Date: 2010
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4RA10293B
Abstract: Tem images (above) and release profiles (below) of encapsulated drug from ormosil nanoparticles with small (orm-s), medium (orm-m) and large (orm-l) sizes.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 24-08-2009
DOI: 10.1117/12.843521
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
DOI: 10.1159/000283577
Abstract: This work introduces a novel, facile and straightforward approach to produce cyclic-RGD-peptide-conjugated type II CdTe/CdS quantum dot (QD) formulation for pancreatic tumor targeting and imaging in live animals. The ultra-small QDs were prepared by a hot colloidal synthesis method. Phospholipid micelles were then used to encapsulate the QDs, allowing them to be stably dispersed in biological fluids and able to conjugate with cyclic-RGD peptides. The QD complex had shown low cytotoxicity on Panc-1 human pancreatic cancer cell lines. In addition, the tissue sections and biodistribution of QD complexes were imaged and analyzed in mice bearing pancreatic tumor xenografts, confirming specific tumor targeting. These studies support further evaluation of type II QDs as potential probes for early pancreatic cancer assessment and detection.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3RA41777H
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-04-2008
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-07-2010
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/31/315101
Abstract: In this contribution, we report the use of a PEGylated gold nanorods formulation as a colored dye for tumor labeling in vivo. We have demonstrated that the nanorod-targeted tumor site can be easily differentiated from the background tissues by the 'naked eye' without the need of sophisticated imaging instruments. In addition to tumor labeling, we have also performed in vivo toxicity and biodistribution studies of PEGylated gold nanorods in vivo by using BALB/c mice as the model. In vivo toxicity studies indicated no mortality or adverse effects or weight changes in BALB/c mice treated with PEGylated gold nanorods. This finding will provide useful guidelines in the future development of diagnostic probes for cancer diagnosis, optically guided tumor surgery, and lymph node mapping applications.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C4TB01623H
Abstract: Biodegradable nanoparticle-mediated K-ras siRNA delivery has shown inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-11-2018
DOI: 10.1021/ACSSENSORS.8B01031
Abstract: This study demonstrated a l-glutathione-modified nonadiabatic microfiber sensor to detect a trace level of heavy metal ions in aqueous solution. The sensor showed an exclusively selective response to Pb
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1039/B817667C
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 11-03-2011
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/16/165101
Abstract: In this study, we have developed a novel carrier, micelle-type bioconjugated PLGA-4-arm-PEG branched polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), for the detection and treatment of pancreatic cancer. These NPs contained 4-arm-PEG as corona, and PLGA as core, the particle surface was conjugated with cyclo(arginine-glycine-aspartate) (cRGD) as ligand for in vivo tumor targeting. The hydrodynamic size of the NPs was determined to be 150-180 nm and the critical micellar concentration (CMC) was estimated to be 10.5 mg l( - 1). Our in vitro study shows that these NPs by themselves had negligible cytotoxicity to human pancreatic cancer (Panc-1) and human glioblastoma (U87) cell lines. Near infrared (NIR) microscopy and flow cytometry demonstrated that the cRGD conjugated PLGA-4-arm-PEG polymeric NPs were taken up more efficiently by U87MG glioma cells, over-expressing the α(v)β(3) integrin, when compared with the non-targeted NPs. Whole body imaging showed that the cRGD conjugated PLGA-4-arm-PEG branched polymeric NPs had the highest accumulation in the pancreatic tumor site of mice at 48 h post-injection. Physical, hematological, and pathological assays indicated low in vivo toxicity of this NP formulation. These studies on the ability of these bioconjugated PLGA-4-arm-PEG polymeric NPs suggest that the prepared polymeric NPs may serve as a promising platform for detection and targeted drug delivery for pancreatic cancer.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-06-2016
DOI: 10.1038/SREP28190
Abstract: In this work, we designed a sensitivity-enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensor structure based on silicon nanosheet and two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. This configuration contains six components: SF10 triangular prism, gold thin film, silicon nanosheet, two-dimensional MoS 2 /MoSe 2 /WS 2 /WSe 2 (defined as MX 2 ) layers, biomolecular analyte layer and sensing medium. The minimum reflectivity, sensitivity as well as the Full Width at Half Maximum of SPR curve are systematically examined by using Fresnel equations and the transfer matrix method in the visible and near infrared wavelength range (600 nm to 1024 nm). The variation of the minimum reflectivity and the change in resonance angle as the function of the number of MX 2 layers are presented respectively. The results show that silicon nanosheet and MX 2 layers can be served as effective light absorption medium. Under resonance conditions, the electrons in these additional dielectric layers can be transferred to the surface of gold thin film. All silicon-MX 2 enhanced sensing models show much better performance than that of the conventional sensing scheme where pure Au thin film is used, the highest sensitivity can be achieved by employing 600 nm excitation light wavelength with 35 nm gold thin film and 7 nm thickness silicon nanosheet coated with monolayer WS 2 .
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2017
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.7150/NTNO.42786
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-2007
DOI: 10.1021/JP070620N
Abstract: In this study, CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) were used as optical contrast agent for imaging pancreatic cancer cells in vitro using transferrin and anti-Claudin-4 as targeting ligands. CdSe/CdS/ZnS was chosen because the CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs have better photoluminescence (PL) efficiency and stability than those of CdSe/ZnS. The transferrin-mediated targeting is demonstrated in both a cell-free coprecipitation assay as well as using in vitro confocal microscopy. Pancreatic cancer specific uptake is also demonstrated using the monoclonal antibody anti-Claudin-4. This targeted QD platform will be further modified for the purpose of developing as an early detection imaging tool for pancreatic cancer.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-05-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 09-07-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMREV.9B00099
Abstract: Nanocarbons with different dimensions (e.g., 0D fullerenes and carbon nanodots, 1D carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons, 2D graphene and graphene oxides, and 3D nanodiamonds) have attracted enormous interest for applications ranging from electronics, optoelectronics, and photovoltaics to sensing, bioimaging, and therapeutics due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Among them, nanocarbon-based theranostics (i.e., therapeutics and diagnostics) is one of the most intensively studied applications, as these nanocarbon materials serve as excellent biosensors, versatile drug/gene carriers for specific targeting in vivo, effective photothermal nanoagents for cancer therapy, and promising fluorescent nanolabels for cell and tissue imaging. This review provides a systematic overview of the latest theranostic applications of nanocarbon materials with a comprehensive comparison of the characteristics of different nanocarbon materials and their influences on theranostic applications. We first introduce the different carbon allotropes that can be used for theranostic applications with their respective preparation and surface functionalization approaches as well as their physical and chemical properties. Theranostic applications are described separately for both in vitro and in vivo systems by highlighting the protocols and the studied biosystems, followed by the toxicity and biodegradability implications. Finally, this review outlines the design considerations for nanocarbon materials as the key unifying themes that will serve as a foundational first principle for researchers to study, investigate, and generate effective, biocompatible, and nontoxic nanocarbon materials-based models for cancer theranostics applications. Finally, we summarize the review with an outlook on the challenges and novel theranostic protocols using nanocarbon materials for hard-to-treat cancers and other diseases. This review intends to present a comprehensive guideline for researchers in nanotechnology and biomedicine on the selection strategy of nanocarbon materials according to their specific requirements.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-05-2011
DOI: 10.1021/BC100552P
Abstract: Conventional quantum dots have great potential in cancer-related imaging and diagnostic applications however, these applications are limited by concerns about the inherent toxicity of their core materials (e.g., cadmium, lead). Virtually all imaging applications require conjugation of the imaging agent to a biologically active molecule to achieve selective uptake or binding. Here, we report a study of biocompatible silicon quantum dots covalently attached to biomolecules including lysine, folate, antimesothelin, and transferrin. The particles possess desirable physical properties, surface chemistry, and optical properties. Folate- and antimesothelin-conjugated silicon quantum dots show selective uptake into Panc-1 cells. This study contributes to the preclinical evaluation of silicon quantum dots and further demonstrates their potential as an imaging agent for cancer applications.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-05-2012
Abstract: Quantum dots have been used in biomedical research for imaging, diagnostics and sensing purposes. However, concerns over the cytotoxicity of their heavy metal constituents and conflicting results from in vitro and small animal toxicity studies have limited their translation towards clinical applications. Here, we show in a pilot study that rhesus macaques injected with phospholipid micelle-encapsulated CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots do not exhibit evidence of toxicity. Blood and biochemical markers remained within normal ranges following treatment, and histology of major organs after 90 days showed no abnormalities. Our results show that acute toxicity of these quantum dots in vivo can be minimal. However, chemical analysis revealed that most of the initial dose of cadmium remained in the liver, spleen and kidneys after 90 days. This means that the breakdown and clearance of quantum dots is quite slow, suggesting that longer-term studies will be required to determine the ultimate fate of these heavy metals and the impact of their persistence in primates.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2007
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-01-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S10544-014-9917-6
Abstract: The use of MEMS implantable drug delivery pump device enables one to program the desired drug delivery profile in the device for in idualized medicine treatment to patients. In this study, a MEMS drug delivery device is prepared and employed for in vivo applications. 12 devices are implanted subcutaneously into Kunming mice for evaluating their long term biocompatibility and drug-delivery efficiency in vivo. All the mice survived after device implantation surgery procedures. Histological analysis result reveals a normal wound healing progression within the tissues-to-device contact areas. Serum analysis shows that all measured factors are within normal ranges and do not indicate any adverse responses associated with the implanted device. Phenylephrine formulation is chosen and delivered to the abdominal cavity of the mice by using either the implanted MEMS device (experimental group) or the syringe injection method (control group). Both groups show that they are able to precisely control and manipulate the increment rate of blood pressure in the small animals. Our result strongly suggests that the developed refillable implantable MEMS devices will serve as a viable option for future in idualized medicine applications such as glaucoma, HIV-dementia and diabetes therapy.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1039/C0CC00667J
Abstract: Cyclic RGD-peptide functionalized phospholipids micelle-encapsulated near-infrared CdTe/ZnSe quantum dots were synthesized as multifunctional probes for targeting and imaging tumors in live animals.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-02-2006
DOI: 10.1021/NL052472N
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2020
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 02-08-2018
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.7150/THNO.11335
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-08-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2CC03431J
Abstract: The medical fraternity is currently burgeoned and stressed with a huge rush of patients who have inflammatory conditions, metabolite diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-03-2021
Publisher: Future Medicine Ltd
Date: 11-2012
DOI: 10.2217/NNM.12.152
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2010
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3AN01363D
Abstract: Microactuators provide the main driving force for fluid pumping in microfluidic devices and thus play an important role in on-chip biomedical applications. Interdigitated electrode based electrochemical actuators have provided a viable choice for effective actuation with advantages of flexible controllability, biocompatibility and ease of fabrication. However, the current feature size of a typical electrode structure is around 100 μm, which is relatively large for device miniaturization and integration. Further decrease in the feature size will lead to dramatic decrease in the reliability and lifetime of the actuators, caused by metal delamination. In this work, we propose a novel design of electrodes to fabricate a new type of microactuator with high reliability. To prevent the occurrence of delamination, a nanosandwiched multilayer structure of titanium latinum is used to construct the conductive metal layer for the interdigitated electrodes. The feature size of the electrodes is greatly reduced to 20 μm where we have reduced the size by 80% of the similar structures reported previously. At the same time, the lifetime of the new electrodes has been dramatically increased to over 400% as compared to the conventional design. With these remarkable improvements in the electrode design, we have fabricated a prototype microfluidic device integrating the new microactuator for drug tests in cancer therapy, demonstrating its usefulness for on-chip biomedical applications.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-01-2009
DOI: 10.1021/JP8076672
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-01-2020
DOI: 10.1002/INF2.12073
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOMATERIALS.2016.07.012
Abstract: This paper introduces the concept of in-situ upconversion of deep penetrating near infrared light via second harmonic generation from ZnO nanocrystals delivered into cells to effect photo activated therapies, such as photodynamic therapy, which usually require activation by visible light with limited penetration through biological tissues. We demonstrated this concept by subcellular activation of a photodynamic therapy drug, Chlorin e6, excited within its strong absorption Soret band by the second harmonic (SH) light, generated at 409 nm by ZnO nanocrystals, which were targeted to cancer cells and internalized through the folate-receptor mediated endocytosis. By a combination of theoretical modeling and experimental measurements, we show that SH light, generated in-situ by ZnO nanocrystals significantly contributes to activation of photosensitizer, leading to cell death through both apoptotic and necrotic pathways initiated in the cytoplasm. This targeted photodynamic action was studied using label-free Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering imaging of the treated cells to monitor changes in the distribution of native cellular proteins and lipids. We found that initiation of photodynamic therapy with upconverted light led to global reduction in the intracellular concentration of macromolecules, likely due to suppression of proteins and lipids synthesis, which could be considered as a real-time indicator of cellular damage from photodynamic treatment. In prospective applications this in-situ photon upconversion could be further extended using ZnO nanocrystals surface functionalized with a specific organelle targeting group, provided a powerful approach to identify and consequently maximize a cellular response to phototherapy, selectively initiated in a specific cellular organelle.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-05-2008
DOI: 10.1021/BC700477U
Abstract: We report here, what we believe to be the first time, the successful transport of bioconjugated quantum rods (QRs) across an in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model via a receptor-mediated transport, as well as the use of QR multiplexing technique to compare simultaneously the transmigration efficiency of different biomolecules across the BBB. The migration rate of bioconjugated QRs crossing the in vitro BBB was found to be concentration- and time-dependent. This work illustrates a nanoparticle-based platform that will not only allow a direct visualization of the transmigration ability of various kinds of biomolecules across the BBB, but also facilitate the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic nanoprobes for early diagnosis and therapy of various disorders of the brain following systemic administration.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-10-2012
DOI: 10.1038/SREP00737
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1364/OE.15.012818
Abstract: Multi-photon absorption and excitation properties of CdSe quantum dots in hexane with different dot-sizes have been investigated. The two- and three-photon absorption (2PA and 3PA) coefficients were measured by using ~160-fs laser pulses at wavelengths of ~775-nm and ~1300-nm, respectively. The dependence of one-, two- and three-photon induced fluorescence spectra as well as their double-exponential decay on the dot-sizes was studied. Based on the fluorescence emission spectra and temporal decay constants for a given s le solution excited by one-, two-and three-photon absorption, it can be concluded that the transition pathways for fluorescence emission and decay under one-, two- and three-photon excitation are nearly identical. The optical power limiting capabilities based on 2PA and 3PA mechanisms are demonstrated separately. In addition, a saturation behavior of 3PA at ~1300 nm was observed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-04-2019
Publisher: Beilstein Institut
Date: 30-04-2014
DOI: 10.3762/BJNANO.5.64
Abstract: In this work, we investigated the cytotoxicity, colloidal stability and optical property of gold nanorods before and after functionalizing them with thiolated PEG and Pluronic triblock copolymer (PEO–PPO–PEO) molecules. The morphology of functionalized gold nanorods was characterized by UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Solution phase synthesis of gold nanorods has remained the method of choice for obtaining varying shapes and aspect ratios of rod nanoparticles. This method typically involves the use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactants as directing agents to grow gold nanorods in the solution phase. The as-synthesized gold nanorods surfaces are terminated with CTAB molecules and this formulation gives rise to adverse toxicity in vitro and in vivo. To employ the gold nanorods for biological studies, it is important to eliminate or minimize the exposure of CTAB molecules from the gold nanorods surface to the local environment such as cells or tissues. Complete removal of CTAB molecules from the gold nanorods surface is unfeasible as this will render the gold nanorods structurally unstable, causing the aggregation of particles. Here, we investigate the in idual use of thiolated PEG and PEO–PPO–PEO as capping agents to reduce the cytotoxicity of gold nanorods formulation, while maintaining the optical, colloidal, and structural properties of gold nanorods. We found that encapsulating gold nanorods with the thiolated PEG or PEO–PPO–PEO molecules guarantees the stability and biocompatibility of the nanoformulation. However, excessive use of these molecules during the passivation process leads to a reduction in the overall cell viability. We also demonstrate the use of the functionalized gold nanorods as scattering probes for dark-field imaging of cancer cells thereby demonstrating their biocompatibility. Our results offer a unique solution for the future development of safe scattering color probes for clinical applications such as the long term imaging of cells and tissues.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOS.2014.08.077
Abstract: An ultrasensitive surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based sensing platform was developed to detect the mean sialic acid level on the surface of single cell with sensitivity as low as 2 fmol. This platform adopted the use of an interference-free Raman tag, 4-(dihydroxyborophenyl) acetylene (DBA), which selectively binds to sialic acid on the cell membrane. By loading the side channel of a photonic crystal fiber with a mixture of gold nanoparticles and DBA-tagged HeLa cell, and subsequently propagating laser light through the central solid core, strong SERS signal was obtained. This SERS technique achieved accurate detection and quantification of concentration of sialic acid on a single cell, surpassing previously reported methods that required more than 10(5) cells. Moreover, this platform can be developed into a clinical diagnostic tool to potentially analyze sialic acid-related diseases such as tumor malignancy and metastasis in real-time.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 12-05-2015
DOI: 10.1364/BOE.6.002076
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5CP03312H
Abstract: The relationship between the optical properties and the compositional variation was investigated in aqueous synthesized Cu–In–S and Zn–Cu–In–S QDs.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 17-08-2015
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/36/365101
Abstract: RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene silencing possesses great ability for therapeutic intervention in pancreatic cancer. Among various oncogene mutations, Interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene mutations are found to be overexpressed in many pancreatic cell lines. In this work, we demonstrate IL-8 gene silencing by employing an RNAi-based gene therapy approach and this is achieved by using gold nanorods (AuNRs) for efficient delivery of IL-8 small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the pancreatic cell lines of MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1. Upon comparing to Panc-1 cells, we found that the dominant expression of the IL-8 gene in MiaPaCa-2 cells resulted in an aggressive behavior towards the processes of cell invasion and metastasis. We have hence investigated the suitability of using AuNRs as novel non-viral nanocarriers for the efficient uptake and delivery of IL-8 siRNA in realizing gene knockdown of both MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells. Flow cytometry and fluorescence imaging techniques have been applied to confirm transfection and release of IL-8 siRNA. The ratio of AuNRs and siRNA has been optimized and transfection efficiencies as high as 88.40 ± 2.14% have been achieved. Upon successful delivery of IL-8 siRNA into cancer cells, the effects of IL-8 gene knockdown are quantified in terms of gene expression, cell invasion, cell migration and cell apoptosis assays. Statistical comparative studies for both MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells are presented in this work. IL-8 gene silencing has been demonstrated with knockdown efficiencies of 81.02 ± 10.14% and 75.73 ± 6.41% in MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells, respectively. Our results are then compared with a commercial transfection reagent, Oligofectamine, serving as positive control. The gene knockdown results illustrate the potential role of AuNRs as non-viral gene delivery vehicles for RNAi-based targeted cancer therapy applications.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C4BM00306C
Abstract: In this work, we demonstrate the use of manganese doped zinc selenide QDs (Mn:ZnSe d-dots) for gene delivery in vitro .
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-07-2023
Abstract: The spectacular physical phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is the essence of present‐day plasmonic sensors. Meanwhile, the unique properties of the interaction between light and matter have been carved out into the development of modern‐day diagnostic biosensors. Plasmons, in simple terms, are oscillating free electrons in metallic nano‐structures triggered by an incoming electromagnetic (EM) wave. With the advantages of real‐time and label‐free bio‐sensing, plasmonic sensors are being utilized in multiple erse areas of food technology, the bio‐medical diagnostic sector, and even the chemical industry. Although this review will be brief, readers can gain a comprehensive picture of the essential elements by taking a broader look into the exploration of SPR sensor design via simulated studies and representative experimental plasmonic schemes developed for bio‐sensing. In short, the various SPR sensing schemes that researchers have explored to realize enhanced SPR sensitivity are reviewed and summarized. Different experimental plasmonic sensors are also examined in which new SPR excitation schemes have been adopted. These "unconventional" designs, specifically those involving hybrid localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)‐SPR excitation, may inspire those in the plasmonic field.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-06-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-02-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C8NJ06306K
Abstract: The application of a pH-tuning concept to create specific analytical responses of carbon dots towards a specific targeted metal ion.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-07-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-17253-X
Abstract: Two-dimensional (2D) magnets with intrinsic ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic (FM/AFM) ordering are highly desirable for future spintronic devices. However, the direct growth of their crystals is in its infancy. Here we report a chemical vapor deposition approach to controllably grow layered tetragonal and non-layered hexagonal FeTe nanoplates with their thicknesses down to 3.6 and 2.8 nm, respectively. Moreover, transport measurements reveal these obtained FeTe nanoflakes show a thickness-dependent magnetic transition. Antiferromagnetic tetragonal FeTe with the Néel temperature ( T N ) gradually decreases from 70 to 45 K as the thickness declines from 32 to 5 nm. And ferromagnetic hexagonal FeTe is accompanied by a drop of the Curie temperature ( T C ) from 220 K (30 nm) to 170 K (4 nm). Theoretical calculations indicate that the ferromagnetic order in hexagonal FeTe is originated from its concomitant lattice distortion and Stoner instability. This study highlights its potential applications in future spintronic devices.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 24-08-2011
DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2011.604863
Abstract: Inhibition of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity using delivery of short interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules to brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) that constitute the BBB may have a significant impact on reducing the BBB permeability. Gold nano rods (GNRs) can electrostatically bind with MMP-9 siRNA to form a nanoplex and the uptake of this nanoplex by BMVEC cells can result in suppression of MMP-9 expression. The current study explores if this GNR-MMP-9 siRNA nanoplex gene silencing modulates the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins in the BMVEC. The endothelial TJ's of the BBB play a critical role in controlling cellular traffic into the central nervous system. We hypothesize that silencing of the MMP-9 gene expression in BMVEC will increase the expression of TJ proteins thereby decrease endothelial permeability. Our results showed a significant increase in the gene and protein expression of TJ proteins: ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-5 in BMVEC cells that were transfected with the GNRs-siRNA-MMP-9 nanoplex suggesting that BBB disruption, which results from loss of TJ function due to MMP-9 activation during neuroinflammation can be prevented by silencing MMP-9 expression.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-12-2018
Abstract: In this work, we reported the synthesis of an engineered novel nanocarrier composed of biodegradable charged polyester vectors (BCPVs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) for pancreatic cancer (MiaPaCa-2 cells) therapy applications. Such a nanocarrier was utilized to co-load doxorubicin (DOX) and small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA), resulting in the formation of GQD/DOX/BCPV/siRNA nanocomplexes. The resulting nanocomplexes have demonstrated high stability in physiologically mimicking media, excellent K-ras downregulation activity, and effective bioactivity inhibition for MiaPaCa-2 cells. More importantly, laser light was used to generate heat for the nanocomplexes via the photothermal effect to damage the cells, which was further employed to trigger the release of payloads from the nanocomplexes. Such triggered release function greatly enhanced the anticancer activity of the nanocomplexes. Preliminary colony formation study also suggested that GQD/DOX/BCPV/siRNA nanocomplexes are qualified carrier candidates in subsequent in vivo tests.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0TB01585G
Abstract: This review provides an overview of stimuli-responsive functional materials and their applications in soft robotics.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-04-2008
DOI: 10.1021/JP712090Y
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-06-2009
Abstract: Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have traditionally been synthesized in organic phase and transferred to aqueous solution by functionalizing their surface with silica, polymers, short-chain thiol ligand, or phospholipid micelles. However, these complex steps result in i) a reduction of the quantum yield (QY) of QDs, ii) partial degrdation of the QDs, and iii) a drastic increase in the hydrodynamic size of QDs, which may hinder their biomedical applications. In this work, the fabrication and applications of cysteine-capped CdTe/ZnTe QDs, which are directly synthesized in aqueous media, as optical probes for specific targeting of pancreatic and esophageal cancer cells in vitro are reported, as well as their capability for in vivo imaging. The CdTe/ZnTe QDs are synthesized in a one-pot method and capped with amino acid cysteine, which contains both carboxyl and amine functional groups on their surfaces for bioconjugation. The fabricated QDs have an ultrasmall hydrodynamic diameter (3-5 nm), possess high QY (52%), and are non-toxic to cells at experimental dosages. Confocal imaging is used to demonstrate a receptor-mediated uptake of antibody-conjugated QDs into pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. In vitro cytotoxicity studies (MTS-assay) show that the IC(50) value of these QDs is approximately 160 microg mL(-1), demonstrating low toxicity. In addition, the QDs are used for small-animal imaging where the in vivo biocompatiblity of these QDs and their clearance following systemic injection is studied.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-12-2012
DOI: 10.1021/AC302571G
Abstract: The development of an asymmetrical field-flow fractionation (AsFlFFF) method for separating gold nanorods (GNR) is reported. Collected fractions containing GNR subpopulations with aspect ratios, sizes, and shapes which are more narrowly dispersed than the original population were further characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. This ability to obtain different sizes and shapes of nanoparticles enabled the evaluation of a new approach to estimating the retention time and hydrodynamic size of nanorods and the investigation of GNR optical properties at a previously unattainable level of detail. Experimental results demonstrate that the longitudinal surface plasmon absorption maximum of GNRs is correlated with the effective particle radius in addition to the aspect ratio. This may account for some of the variabilities reported in published empirical data from different research groups and supports reports of simulated absorption spectra of GNRs of different physical dimensions. The use of AsFlFFF with dual UV-vis detection to rapidly assess relative changes in GNR subpopulations was demonstrated for irregularly shaped gold nanoparticles formed at different synthesis temperatures.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 05-12-2008
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/1/015102
Abstract: This work presents a novel approach to producing manganese (Mn)-doped quantum dots (Mnd-QDs) emitting in the near-infrared (NIR). Surface functionalization of Mnd-QDs with lysine makes them stably disperse in aqueous media and able to conjugate with targeting molecules. The nanoparticles were structurally and compositionally characterized and maintained a high photoluminescence quantum yield and displayed paramagnetism in water. The receptor-mediated delivery of bioconjugated Mnd-QDs into pancreatic cancer cells was demonstrated using the confocal microscopy technique. Cytotoxicity of Mnd-QDs on live cells has been evaluated. The NIR-emitting characteristic of the QDs has been exploited to acquire whole animal body imaging with high contrast signals. In addition, histological and blood analysis of mice have revealed that no long-term toxic effects arise from MnD-QDs. These studies suggest multimodal Mnd-QDs have the potentials as probes for early pancreatic cancer imaging and detection.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3BM60325C
Abstract: Biodegradable polymer nanoplexes were used as siRNA carriers for interleukin-8 gene silencing to attenuate cell proliferation in pancreatic cancer cells.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-05-2023
Abstract: Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly versatile materials that have been identified as promising candidates for membrane‐based gas separation applications due to their uniformly narrow pore windows and virtually unlimited structural and chemical features. Defect engineering of MOFs has opened new opportunities for manipulating MOF structures, providing a simple yet efficient approach for enhancing membrane separation. However, the utilization of this strategy to tailor membrane microstructures and enhance separation performance is still in its infancy. Thus, this summary aims to provide a guideline for tailoring defective MOF‐based membranes. Recent developments in defect engineering of MOF‐based membranes will be discussed, including the synthesis strategies for defective MOFs, the effects of defects on the gas adsorption properties, gas transport mechanisms, and recently reported defective MOF‐based membranes. Furthermore, the emerging challenges and future prospects will be outlined. Overall, defect engineering offers an exciting opportunity to improve the performance of MOF‐based gas membranes. However, there is still a long way to go to fully understand the influence of defects on MOF properties and optimize the design of MOF‐based membranes for specific gas separation applications. Nonetheless, continued research in this field holds great promise for the development of next‐generation membrane‐based gas separation technologies.
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2018
Publisher: Informa Healthcare
Date: 16-06-2014
DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.928280
Abstract: The rapid development of drug discovery today is inseparable from the interaction of advanced particle technologies and new drug synthesis protocols. Quantum dots (QDs) are regarded as a unique class of fluorescent labels, with unique optical properties such as high brightness and long-term colloidal and optical stability these are suitable for optical imaging, drug delivery and optical tracking, fluorescence immunoassay and other medicinal applications. More importantly, QD possesses a rich surface chemistry property that is useful for incorporating various drug molecules, targeting ligands, and additional contrast agents (e.g., MRI, PET, etc.) onto the nanoparticle surface for achieving targeted and traceable drug delivery therapy at both cellular and systemic levels. In recent times, the advancement of QD technology has promoted the use of functionalized nanocrystals for in vivo applications. Such research is paving the way for drug discovery using various bioconjugated QD formulations. In this editorial, the authors highlight the current research progress and future applications of QDs in drug discovery.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 28-06-2010
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/28/285106
Abstract: Gold nanorods (GNRs) with a longitudinal surface plasmon resonance peak that is tunable from 600 to 1100 nm have been fabricated in a cetyl trimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB) micellar medium using hydrochloric acid and silver nitrate as additives to control their shape and size. By manipulating the concentrations of silver nitrate and hydrochloric acid, the aspect ratio of the GNRs was reliably and reproducibly tuned from 2.5 to 8. The GNRs were first coated with polyelectrolyte multilayers and then bioconjugated to transferrin (Tf) to target pancreatic cancer cells. Two-photon imaging excited from the bioconjugated GNRs demonstrated receptor-mediated uptake of the bioconjugates into Panc-1 cells, overexpressing the transferrin receptor (TfR). The bioconjugated GNR formulation exhibited very low toxicity, suggesting that it is biocompatible and potentially suitable for targeted two-photon bioimaging.
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Date: 10-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-10-2020
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 31-01-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3549699
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S74805
Publisher: Humana Press
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-185-7_30
Abstract: Anti-claudin-4, whose corresponding antigen receptors are known to be overexpressed in both primary and metastatic human pancreatic cancer, is utilized for targeted delivery and imaging of pancreatic cancer. In this protocol, we describe the use of quantum dots (QDs) as sensitive optical contrast agent for imaging pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo by using anti-claudin-4 as targeting ligands. The claudin-4-mediated targeting is demonstrated in using both in vitro confocal microscopy and in vivo tumor imaging system. This targeted QD platform will be further modified for the purpose of developing as an early detection imaging tool for pancreatic cancer.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 25-10-2018
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 09-06-2011
DOI: 10.1117/12.901087
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C2RA21990E
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-09-2017
Abstract: Strong light localization within metal nanostructures occurs by collective oscillations of plasmons in the form of electric and magnetic resonances. This so-called localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has gained much interest in the development of low-cost sensing platforms in the visible spectrum. However, demonstrations of LSPR-based sensing are mostly limited to electric resonances due to the technological limitations for achieving magnetic resonances in the visible spectrum. In this work, we report the first demonstration of LSPR sensing based on fundamental magnetic resonance in the visible spectrum using ultrasmall gold v-shaped split ring resonators. Specifically, we show the ability for detecting adsorption of bovine serum albumin and cytochrome c biomolecules at monolayer levels, and the selective binding of protein A/G to immunoglobulin G.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-07-2013
DOI: 10.1021/NN4029234
Abstract: Silicon nanocrystals can provide the outstanding imaging capabilities of toxic heavy-metal-based quantum dots without employing heavy metals and have potential for rapid progression to the clinic. Understanding the toxicity of silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) is essential to realizing this potential. However, existing studies of SiQD biocompatibility are limited, with no systematic progression from small-animal to large-animal studies that are more clinically relevant. Here, we test the response of both mice and monkeys to high intravenous doses of a nanoconstruct created using only SiQDs and FDA-approved materials. We show that (1) neither mice nor monkeys show overt signs of toxicity reflected in their behavior, body mass, or blood chemistry, even at a dose of 200 mg/kg. (2) This formulation did not biodegrade as expected. Elevated levels of silicon were present in the liver and spleen of mice three months post-treatment. (3) Histopathology three months after treatment showed adverse effects of the nanoformulation in the livers of mice, but showed no such effects in monkeys. This investigation reveals that the systemic reactions of the two animal models may have some differences and there are no signs of toxicity clearly attributable to silicon quantum dots.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 24-04-2012
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-07-2007
DOI: 10.1021/CM0709774
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-01-2017
Abstract: The first triboelectric-nanogenerator (TENG)-based self-powered implantable drug-delivery system is presented. Pumping flow rates from 5.3 to 40 µL min
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/C9CS00541B
Abstract: Liquid–liquid droplet reactors have garnered significant interest in biochemical applications by simulating thermodynamic systmes, ranging from closed systems, semi-closed/semi-open systems, to open systems.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2015
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S86468
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 28-02-2017
DOI: 10.1117/12.2251366
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0TA08869B
Abstract: Solar-driven evaporation as a promising and sustainable approach to convert solar energy into freshwater resource is attracting huge interest in the research community. This review aims to summarize the recent advances in system designs of solar-driven evaporation devices.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-10-2017
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4AN00773E
Abstract: Biofunctionalized quantum dots were prepared using microfluidic chips and were used as optical probes for imaging live cells.
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.7150/NTNO.27452
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3RA45629C
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-06-2017
Abstract: Metasurface serves as a promising plasmonic sensing platform for engineering the enhanced light-matter interactions. Here, a hyperbolic metasurface with the nanogroove structure in the subwavelength scale is designed. This metasurface is able to modify the wavefront and wavelength of surface plasmon wave with the variation of the nanogroove width or periodicity. At the specific optical frequency, surface plasmon polaritons are tightly confined and propagated with a diffraction-free feature due to the epsilon-near-zero effect. Most importantly, the groove hyperbolic metasurface can enhance the plasmonic sensing with an ultrahigh phase sensitivity of 30 373 deg RIU
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-02-2009
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-03-2010
DOI: 10.1021/CM902610F
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 30-04-2007
DOI: 10.1063/1.2734904
Abstract: This letter presents the results of two-photon study of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) in chloroform. The measured two-photon absorption (2PA) spectrum shows that 2PA coefficient at ∼1300nm is ∼0.02cm∕GW. Based on a 1cm path-length CdTe QD solution s le of 8mg∕ml concentration, irradiated by a focused ∼1300nm laser beam of ∼160fs duration, the nonlinear transmission could be changed from ∼100% to ∼20% when the input pulse energy was varied from ∼50nJto∼10μJ, demonstrating a superior optical limiting performance. The input laser fluctuation was significantly reduced after passing through the s le, indicating a remarkable optical stabilization behavior.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-04-2011
DOI: 10.1021/NN2009485
Abstract: In this study, we report the development of a nanoparticle-enhanced biosensor by integrating both the nanoparticles and immunoassay sensing technologies into a phase interrogation surface plasmon resonance (SPR) system for detecting antigen at a concentration as low as the femtomolar range. Our work has demonstrated that the plasmonic field extension generated from the gold film to gold nanorod (GNR) has led to a drastic sensitivity enhancement. Antibody-functionalized sensing film, together with antibody-conjugated GNRs, was readily served as a plasmonic coupling partner that can be used as a powerful ultrasensitive sandwich immunoassay for cancer-related disease detection. Experimentally, it was found that the bioconjugated GNR labels enhance the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) antigen signal with more than 40-fold increase compared to the traditional SPR biosensing technique. The underlying principle was analyzed by simulating the near-field coupling between the sensing film and the GNR. The results have shown that GNRs were readily served as promising lification labels in SPR sensing technology.
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.7150/NTNO.18989
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 22-02-2018
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-03-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.8B04677
Abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) is demonstrated as one of the most powerful technologies for sequence-specific suppression of genes in disease therapeutics. Exploration of novel vehicles for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery with high efficiency, low cytotoxicity, and self-monitoring functionality is persistently pursued. Herein, by taking advantage of aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen), we developed a novel class of Ag@AIE core@shell nanocarriers with regulable and uniform morphology. It presented excellent efficiencies in siRNA delivery, target gene knockdown, and cancer cell inhibition in vitro. What's more, an anticancer efficacy up to 75% was achieved in small animal experiments without obvious toxicity. Attributing to the unique AIE properties, real-time intracellular tracking of siRNA delivery and long-term tumor tissue imaging were successfully realized. Compared to the commercial transfection reagents, significant improvements were obtained in biocompatibility, delivery efficiency, and reproducibility, representing a promising future of this nanocarrier in RNAi-related cancer therapeutics.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-2007
DOI: 10.1021/JP0733419
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-05-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-02-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-04-2015
DOI: 10.1038/SREP09978
Abstract: We experimentally demonstrated the use of random plasmonic nano-islands for optical trapping and assembling of particles and live cells into highly organized pattern with low power density. The observed trapping effect is attributed to the net contribution due to near-field optical trapping force and long-range thermophoretic force, which overcomes the axial convective drag force, while the lateral convection pushes the target objects into the trapping zone. Our work provides a simple platform for on-chip optical manipulation of nano- and micro-sized objects and may find applications in physical and life sciences.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-01-2016
DOI: 10.1002/JBM.A.35628
Abstract: Optical imaging techniques are becoming increasingly urgent for the early detection and monitoring the progression of tumor development. However, tumor vasculature imaging has so far been largely unexplored because of the lack of suitable optical probes. In this study, we demonstrated the preparation of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent RGD peptide probes for noninvasive imaging of tumor vasculature during tumor angiogenesis. The peptide optical probes combined the advantages of NIR emission and RGD peptide, which possesses minimal biological absorption and specially targets the integrin, which highly expressed on activated tumor endothelial cells. In vivo optical imaging of nude mice bearing pancreatic tumor showed that systemically delivered NIR probes enabled us to visualize the tumors at 24 hours post-injection. In addition, we have performed in vivo toxicity study on the prepared fluorescent RGD peptide probes formulation. The blood test results and histological analysis demonstrated that no obvious toxicity was found for the mice treated with RGD peptide probes for two weeks. These studies suggest that the NIR fluorescent peptide probes can be further designed and employed for ultrasensitive fluorescence imaging of angiogenic tumor vasculature, as well as imaging of other pathophysiological processes accompanied by activation of endothelial cells.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-03-2012
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 16-05-2017
DOI: 10.1117/12.2265615
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2CS00014H
Abstract: Membrane-intercalating conjugated oligoelectrolytes are emerging as versatile tools to modify or functionalize lipid bilayers. Through modular chemical design, this new molecular platform has applications in a range of biological fields.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2012
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S25871
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 31-03-2016
DOI: 10.1364/OE.24.007670
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-06-2016
DOI: 10.1038/SREP28483
Abstract: Raman microspectroscopy provides for high-resolution non-invasive molecular analysis of biological s les and has a breakthrough potential for dissection of cellular molecular composition at a single organelle level. However, the potential of Raman microspectroscopy can be fully realized only when novel types of molecular probes distinguishable in the Raman spectroscopy modality are developed for labeling of specific cellular domains to guide spectrochemical spatial imaging. Here we report on the design of a next generation Raman probe, based on BlackBerry Quencher 650 compound, which provides unprecedentedly high signal intensity through the Resonance Raman (RR) enhancement mechanism. Remarkably, RR enhancement occurs with low-toxic red light, which is close to maximum transparency in the biological optical window. The utility of proposed RR probes was validated for targeting lysosomes in live cultured cells, which enabled identification and subsequent monitoring of dynamic changes in this organelle by Raman imaging.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C1IB00060H
Abstract: Radiation therapy (RT) is an important treatment modality used against a number of human cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, most of these cancers have an inherent anti-apoptotic mechanism that makes them resistant to radiation therapy. This radioresistance of cancer cells necessitates the irradiation of tumor areas with extremely high doses of radiation to achieve effective therapy, resulting in damage to normal tissues and leading to several treatment related side effects. These side effects significantly impair the quality of life of treated patients, and preclude the possibility of repeat radiation treatment in patients with tumor recurrence. Our previous research has correlated the upregulation of the anti-apoptotic sphingosine kinase (SphK1) gene in HNSCC cells with their radioresistance properties. In the current study, we hypothesized that by downregulating the SphK1 gene using nanotechnology mediated gene silencing, we can render these cells more vulnerable to radiation therapy by enabling apoptosis at lower radiation doses. We have employed biocompatible gold nanorods (GNRs) as carriers of short interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the SphK1 gene. GNRs play a critical role in protecting the siRNA molecules against physiological degradation, as well as delivering them inside target cells. Following their synthesis and characterization, these nanoplexes were applied to HNSCC cells in culture, resulting in the radiosensitization of the treated cells. Furthermore, the GNR-siRNA nanoplexes were injected intratumorally into subcutaneous HNSCC tumors grown in mice, prior to the initiation of radiation therapy in vivo. Subsequent exposure of GNR-SphK1siRNA nanoplex-treated tumors to radiation (GNR-SphK1siRNA + IRRA) resulted in over 50% tumor regression compared to control GNR-GFPsiRNA nanoplex and radiation treated tumors (GNR-GFPsiRNA + IRRA). In addition, we were able to induce this tumor regression in nanoplex treated tumors with radiation doses much lower than those commonly required in clinical RT. These experiments lay the foundation for the development of a nanotechnology-mediated gene silencing tool for more potent radiation therapy of a number of human cancers, with minimal, if any, toxic side effects.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-07-2006
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 12-2021
DOI: 10.1063/5.0071142
Abstract: Multi-photon theranostics, involving the absorption of two or three photons by luminogens, has come to occupy an important place in biomedical research, with its ability to allow real-time observation/treatment of dynamic structures in living cells and organisms. Luminogens with aggregation-induced emission characteristics are recognized as perfect candidates for multi-photon agents, owing to their flexibility of design, resistance to photobleaching, robust stability, and reduced cytotoxicity. Hence, in recent years, significant breakthroughs in design and application of such luminogens have been reported. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in molecular guidelines and photophysical process control for developing luminogens with large multi-photon action cross section. Special attention is paid to how the molecular structure and intermolecular interactions influence the intramolecular charge transfer, and how new strategies have been developed to advance the multi-photon imaging and therapeutic performance. With this review, we hope to encourage further exploitation of luminogens with aggregation-induced emission characteristics to advance multi-photon theranostics.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1039/D2CS00830K
Abstract: Neural recording, stimulation, and biochemical sensing using semiconducting electrodes in both electrical and optical domains are discussed. Their differences from metallic electrodes from the application and characterization perspective are highlighted.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-09-2015
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 04-04-2017
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1039/B823247D
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-01-2010
DOI: 10.1021/JP907811G
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Date: 06-2013
Abstract: In this paper, we proposed the use of gold nanoparticles as plasmon scattering probes for dark-field multiplex imaging of live cancer cells. By carefully engineering the surfaces, aqueous dispersions of anti-EGFR antibody-conjugated gold nanospheres and gold nanorods are prepared. We demonstrated the receptor-mediated delivery of antibody conjugated gold nanospheres and gold nanorods into EGFR receptor-positive oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line by using darkfield microscopy technique. Our result suggests that gold nanospheres and gold nanorods formulations could provide up to 7 types of plasmon scattering probes based on their tunability range with a 100 nm spectral separation in absorption bands.
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.7150/NTNO.18964
Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.7150/NTNO.17753
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-03-2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-10-2021
Abstract: Traditional noble metal‐based catalysts for glucose sensing usually suffer from easy deactivation by halides and weak sensing properties. To unravel these limits, herein, a novel nature‐inspired design concept (mimicking a “rock–soil–grass” geotexture system) is purposed to build a free‐standing hierarchical micro‐nano architecture. Thanks to the design (rigid and conductive Ni foam) (“rock”, underlayer, rough and highly disordered graphene nanosheets (GNSs) (“soil”, middle‐layer), and strong catalytic activity of multiscale grass‐like Co 3 O 4 (“grass”, top‐layer), the bionic structure achieves ultra‐high sensitivity, a low limit of detection (120 × 10 −9 m ), an extremely short response time, broad linear ranges (two stages: 1–10 000 and 10 000–30 040 µ m ), good anti‐Cl − ‐poisoning and anti‐interference properties, and long‐term stability. Besides the structural design, the “gotong‐royong” effects (the strong interface coupling and charge transfer between GNSs and Co 3 O 4 and energetically favorable glucose adsorption on Co 3 O 4 ) also contribute to the high sensing properties, as verified by kinetic studies and density functional theory simulation. To determine human blood glucose levels, the self‐made glucometer with the self‐developed software demonstrates an ultra‐high recovery rate (99.0–100.9%), validating the potential for high‐performance blood‐glucose sensing.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-03-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.NANO.2014.10.002
Abstract: Along with widespread usage of QDs in electronic and biomedical industries, the likelihood of QDs exposure to the environment and humans is deemed to occur when the QD products are degraded or handled as waste for processing. To date, there are very few toxicological reports available in the literature for non-cadmium QDs in animal models. In this work, we studied the long term in vivo toxicity of InP/ZnS QDs in BALB/c mice. The biodistribution, body weight, hematology, blood biochemistry, and organ histology were determined at a very high dosage (25 mg/kg) of InP/ZnS QDs over 84 days period. Our results manifested that the QDs formulation did not result in observable toxicity in vivo within the evaluation period, thereby suggesting that the InP/ZnS QDs can be utilized as optical probes or nanocarrier for selected in vivo biological applications when an optimized dosage is employed. This study investigated the toxicity of quantum dots in BALB/c mice, and concluded that no organotoxicity was detectable despite of using high concentration of InP/ZnS quantum dots with prolonged exposure of 3 months.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-02-2013
DOI: 10.1021/AM302030A
Abstract: Considerable efforts have been devoted to the development of novel functionalized nanomaterials for bio-oriented applications. With unique optical properties and molar scale production, colloidal photoluminescent quantum dots (QDs) have been properly functionalized with controlled interfaces as new class of optical probes with extensive use in biomedical research. In this review, we present a brief summary on the current research interests of using fine engineered QDs as a nanoplatform for biomedical sensing and imaging applications. In addition, recent concerns on the potential toxic effects of QDs are described as a general guidance for the development on QD formulations in future studies.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-02-2010
DOI: 10.1002/WNAN.67
Abstract: This review presents recent progress in the development of the luminescent nanoparticles for confocal and multiphoton microscopy. Four classes of nanomaterials are discussed: (1) silica-based nanoparticles doped with fluorescent molecules, (2) gold nanoparticles, (3) semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots/rods), and (4) nanophosphors. Special considerations are given to recently developed imaging nanoprobes, such as (1) organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) nanoparticles doped with two-photon absorbing fluorophores, which exhibit aggregation-enhanced fluorescence (AEF), and (2) nanophosphors (ceramic nanoparticles containing luminescent lanthanoid ions). Advantages and disadvantages of every class of nanomaterials and their specific applications are briefly discussed.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 05-06-2018
DOI: 10.3390/S18061821
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-08-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-09-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D0NR07020C
Abstract: Hybridized surface lattice mode in an intercalated 3-disk plasmonic lattice for overcoming an inherent trade-off in plasmonic sensing.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-08-2017
Abstract: Magnetic-luminescent nanocomposites have multiple uses including multimodal imaging, magnetic targeted drug delivery, and cancer imaging-guided therapies. In this work, dumbbell-like MnFe
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C0AN01017K
Abstract: Recently, multimodal nanoparticles integrating dual- or tri-imaging modalities into a single hybrid nanosystem have attracted plenty of attention in biomedical research. Here, we report the fabrication of two types of multimodal micelle-encapsulated nanoparticles, which were systematically characterized and thoroughly evaluated in terms of their imaging potential and biocompatibility. Optical and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging probes were integrated by conjugating DOTA-gadolinium (Gd) derivative to quantum dot based nanomicelles. Two hiphilic block copolymer micelles, amine-terminated mPEG-phospholipid and amine-modified Pluronic F127, were chosen as the capping agents because of their excellent biocompatibility and ability to prevent opsonization and prolong circulation time in vivo. Owing to their different hydrophobic-hydrophilic structure, the micellar aggregates exhibited different sizes and protection of core QDs. This work revealed the differences between these nanomicelles in terms of the stability over a wide range of pH, along with their cytotoxicity and the capacity for chelating gadolinium, thus providing a useful guideline for tailor-making multimodal nanoparticles for specific biomedical applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2013
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2BM01001A
Abstract: Gene therapy has shown great potential in treating many diseases by downregulating the expression of certain genes. Various functional non-viral vectors have been well designed to enable efficient gene therapy.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2022
Abstract: Observing a Goos‐Hänchen (GH) shift of the incident light beam provides a simple and convenient method of detecting fast phase variations without the need for cumbersome direct phase measurements. Here, we show that few‐monolayers‐thick van der Waals structures (WS 2 , MoSe 2 and graphene) nano‐engineered onto a plasmonic surface can enhance the phase variation sensitivity to analyte presence, leading to more than 3 orders of magnitude increase in the Goos‐Hänchen shift (ca. 886 mm/RIU for a WS 2 /graphene/Au multilayer). The detection limit is evaluated to be as low as 0.1 aM (6.7 pg/mL) for bovine serum albumin protein with molecular weight of 67 kDa and 1 fM (24.4 ng/mL) for biotin (244 Da) molecules.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2RA03479D
Abstract: This paper reports a novel plasmonic sensor chip made up of a gold nanohole array chip coated with a WS 2 monolayer, which is then functionalized for the detection of protein–protein interactions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
DOI: 10.1002/JPS.23058
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-02-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-12-2015
Abstract: In this work, a facile aqueous synthesis method is optimized to produce Mn:ZnSe/ZnS/ZnMnS sandwiched quantum dots (SQDs). In this core-shell co-doped system, paramagnetic Mn(2+) ions are introduced as core and shell dopants to generate Mn phosphorescence and enhance the magnetic resonance imaging signal, respectively. T1 relaxivity of the nanoparticles can be improved and manipulated by raising the shell doping level. Steady state and time-resolved optical measurements suggest that, after high level shell doping, Mn phosphorescence of the core can be sustained by the sandwiched ZnS shell. Because the SQDs are free of toxic heavy metal compositions, excellent biocompatibility of the prepared nanocrystals is verified by in vitro MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. To explore the theranostic applications of SQDs, liposome-SQD assemblies are prepared and used for ex vivo optical and magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, these engineered SQDs as nanocarrier for gene delivery in therapy of Panc-1 cancer cells are employed. The therapeutic effects of the nanocrystals formulation are confirmed by gene expression analysis and cell viability assay.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 12-2009
DOI: 10.1063/1.3266938
Abstract: The backward stimulated Bragg scattering (SBgS) of CdTexSe1−x quantum dots in chloroform is investigated at three pump laser wavelengths (532, 816, and 1064 nm) in nanosecond regime. The spectral and temporal structures of the backward stimulated scattering and pump threshold dependence on the concentration are presented in this paper. The energy conversion efficiency from input pump pulse to SBgS pulse was measured to be ≥14%. In addition, the s les exhibit multi- (two-, three-)photon absorption capability over the spectral range we investigated. More importantly, both mechanisms of SBgS and multiphoton absorption provided an enhanced optical limiting performance. The measured nonlinear transmissivity was changed from ∼0.73 to ∼0.17 for 532 nm laser pulses and from ∼0.9 to ∼0.35 for 816 nm laser pulses when the input pulse energy was changed from 10 to ∼1500 μJ.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-09-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMREV.6B00290
Abstract: This review summarizes recent progress in the design and applications of cadmium-free quantum dots (Cd-free QDs), with an emphasis on their role in biophotonics and nanomedicine. We first present the features of Cd-free QDs and describe the physics and emergent optical properties of various types of Cd-free QDs whose applications are discussed in subsequent sections. Selected specific QD systems are introduced, followed by the preparation of these Cd-free QDs in a form useful for biological applications, including recent advances in achieving high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) and tunability of emission color. Next, we summarize biophotonic applications of Cd-free QDs in optical imaging, photoacoustic imaging, sensing, optical tracking, and photothermal therapy. Research advances in the use of Cd-free QDs for nanomedicine applications are discussed, including drug/gene delivery, protein eptide delivery, image-guided surgery, diagnostics, and medical devices. The review then considers the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of Cd-free QDs and summarizes current studies on the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of Cd-free QDs. Finally, we provide perspectives on the overall current status, challenges, and future directions in this field.
No related grants have been discovered for Ken-Tye Yong.