ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8060-547X
Current Organisations
Cancer Council Victoria
,
University of Melbourne
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Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552099
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2C presents the study characteristics for non-randomised interventions
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-12-2020
DOI: 10.1002/PON.5298
Abstract: The ACTIVATE Trial examined the efficacy of a wearable-based intervention to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in breast cancer survivors. This paper examines the effects of the intervention on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and fatigue at 12 weeks (T2 end of intervention) and 24 weeks (T3 follow-up). Inactive and postmenopausal women who had completed primary treatment for stage I-III breast cancer were randomized to intervention or waitlist control. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured by Actigraph and activPAL accelerometers at baseline (T1), end of the intervention (T2), and 12 weeks follow-up (T3). HRQoL and fatigue were measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue). Primary intervention effects were evaluated comparing intervention and waitlist group at T2 using repeated measures mixed effects models. Overall, 83 women were randomized and trial retention was high (94%). A 4.6-point difference in fatigue score was observed between groups at T2 (95% CI: 1.3, 7.8) indicating improvement in fatigue profiles in the intervention group. In within groups analyses, the intervention group reported a 5.1-point increase in fatigue from baseline to T2 (95% CI: 2.0, 8.2) and a 3.3-point increase from baseline to T3 (95% CI: 0.1, 6.41). Despite small improvements in fatigue profiles, no effects on HRQoL were observed. While the ACTIVATE Trial was associated with improvements in physical activity and sedentary behavior, more intensive or longer duration interventions may be needed to facilitate changes in HRQoL.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552096
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2D presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552093
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3A presents the risk of bias for randomised controlled and randomised cross-over trials, using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552090
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3B presents the risk of bias for non-randomised interventions, using the ROBINS-I
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725291
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725294
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-11-2020
DOI: 10.1002/CNCR.32578
Abstract: High levels of sedentary behavior may negatively affect health outcomes in cancer survivors. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to clarify whether postdiagnosis sedentary behavior is related to survival, patient-reported outcomes, and anthropometric outcomes in cancer survivors. The Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL (The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from study inception to June 2019. Studies of adults who had been diagnosed with cancer that examined the association between sedentary behavior and mortality, patient-reported outcomes (eg, fatigue, depression), or anthropometric outcomes (eg, body mass index, waist circumference) were eligible for inclusion. Meta-analyses were performed to estimate hazard ratios for the highest compared with the lowest levels of sedentary behavior for all-cause and colorectal cancer-specific mortality outcomes. The ROBINS-E (Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies-of Exposures tool) and the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system were used to assess the risk of bias and the strength of evidence, respectively. Thirty-three eligible publications from a total of 3569 identified articles were included in the review. A higher level of postdiagnosis sedentary behavior was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1.22 95% CI, 1.06-1.41 heterogeneity [I Although avoiding high levels of sedentary behavior after a cancer diagnosis may improve survival, further research is required to help clarify whether the association is causal.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725297
Abstract: Dose–response curves for effects of inflammatory biomarkers on breast cancer risk. Dose–response curves for ( b A /b ) CRP, ( b B /b ) leptin, and ( b C /b ) adiponectin.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.23099362.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure from Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer Risk via the Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling System, Part 2: The Effect of Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling on Breast Cancer Risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552120.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354202.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1C present forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies that had a moderate risk of bias
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6491050
Abstract: Abstract The protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer incidence may partially be mediated by inflammation. Systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus were performed to identify intervention studies, Mendelian randomization studies, and prospective cohort studies that examined the effects of physical activity on circulating inflammatory biomarkers in adult women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was used to determine the overall quality of the evidence. Thirty-five intervention studies and one observational study met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicated that, compared with control groups, exercise interventions reduced levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.62 to 0.08), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα, SMD = −0.63, 95% CI = −1.04 to −0.22), interleukin-6 (IL6, SMD = −0.55, 95% CI = −0.97 to −0.13) and leptin (SMD = −0.50, 95% CI = −1.10 to 0.09). Owing to heterogeneity in effect estimates and imprecision, evidence strength was graded as low (CRP, leptin) or moderate (TNFα and IL6). High-quality evidence indicated that exercise did not change adiponectin levels (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI = −0.14 to 0.17). These findings provide support for the biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity—inflammation—breast cancer pathway. /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725218.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3A presents the risk of bias for randomised controlled and randomised cross-over trials, using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354145.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3 presents the risk of bias assessment, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6491050.V1
Abstract: Abstract The protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer incidence may partially be mediated by inflammation. Systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus were performed to identify intervention studies, Mendelian randomization studies, and prospective cohort studies that examined the effects of physical activity on circulating inflammatory biomarkers in adult women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was used to determine the overall quality of the evidence. Thirty-five intervention studies and one observational study met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicated that, compared with control groups, exercise interventions reduced levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.62 to 0.08), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα, SMD = −0.63, 95% CI = −1.04 to −0.22), interleukin-6 (IL6, SMD = −0.55, 95% CI = −0.97 to −0.13) and leptin (SMD = −0.50, 95% CI = −1.10 to 0.09). Owing to heterogeneity in effect estimates and imprecision, evidence strength was graded as low (CRP, leptin) or moderate (TNFα and IL6). High-quality evidence indicated that exercise did not change adiponectin levels (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI = −0.14 to 0.17). These findings provide support for the biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity—inflammation—breast cancer pathway. /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6491050.V3
Abstract: Abstract The protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer incidence may partially be mediated by inflammation. Systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus were performed to identify intervention studies, Mendelian randomization studies, and prospective cohort studies that examined the effects of physical activity on circulating inflammatory biomarkers in adult women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was used to determine the overall quality of the evidence. Thirty-five intervention studies and one observational study met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicated that, compared with control groups, exercise interventions reduced levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.62 to 0.08), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα, SMD = −0.63, 95% CI = −1.04 to −0.22), interleukin-6 (IL6, SMD = −0.55, 95% CI = −0.97 to −0.13) and leptin (SMD = −0.50, 95% CI = −1.10 to 0.09). Owing to heterogeneity in effect estimates and imprecision, evidence strength was graded as low (CRP, leptin) or moderate (TNFα and IL6). High-quality evidence indicated that exercise did not change adiponectin levels (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI = −0.14 to 0.17). These findings provide support for the biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity—inflammation—breast cancer pathway. /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6491050.V2
Abstract: Abstract The protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer incidence may partially be mediated by inflammation. Systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus were performed to identify intervention studies, Mendelian randomization studies, and prospective cohort studies that examined the effects of physical activity on circulating inflammatory biomarkers in adult women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was used to determine the overall quality of the evidence. Thirty-five intervention studies and one observational study met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicated that, compared with control groups, exercise interventions reduced levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.62 to 0.08), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα, SMD = −0.63, 95% CI = −1.04 to −0.22), interleukin-6 (IL6, SMD = −0.55, 95% CI = −0.97 to −0.13) and leptin (SMD = −0.50, 95% CI = −1.10 to 0.09). Owing to heterogeneity in effect estimates and imprecision, evidence strength was graded as low (CRP, leptin) or moderate (TNFα and IL6). High-quality evidence indicated that exercise did not change adiponectin levels (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI = −0.14 to 0.17). These findings provide support for the biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity—inflammation—breast cancer pathway. /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552075.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6B presents findings of in idual randomised cross-over studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725288.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1C present forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies that had a moderate risk of bias
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552132.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551963.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1C present forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies that had a moderate risk of bias
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.CCT.2017.10.015
Abstract: Physical activity is positively associated with survival and quality of life among breast cancer survivors. Despite these benefits, the majority of breast cancer survivors are insufficiently active. The potential health benefits of reducing sedentary behaviour (sitting time) in this population have not been extensively investigated. The ACTIVATE Trial will evaluate the efficacy of an intervention that combines wearable technology (the Garmin Vivofit2®) with traditional behavioural change approaches to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour performed by breast cancer survivors. This randomised controlled trial includes inactive, postmenopausal women diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer who have completed their primary treatment. Participants are randomly assigned to the primary intervention group (Garmin Vivofit2® behavioural feedback and goal setting session and, five telephone-delivered health coaching sessions) or to the wait-list control group. The primary intervention is delivered over a 12-week period. The second 12-week period comprises a maintenance phase for the primary intervention group, and an abridged intervention (Garmin Vivofit2® only) for the wait-list control group. Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behaviour are assessed by accelerometry at baseline (T1), end of intervention (T2), and end of maintenance phase (T3). The ACTIVATE Trial is one of the first studies to incorporate wearable technology into an intervention for cancer survivors. If the use of wearable technology (in combination with behaviour change strategies, or alone) proves efficacious, it may become an inexpensive and sustainable addition to the health promotion strategies available to health care providers in the cancer survivorship context. ACTRN12616000175471.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725242.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by exercise type
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-07-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S12529-019-09808-0
Abstract: There are significant geographic inequalities in cancer survival with poorer survival rates in non-metropolitan areas compared to major cities. Physical activity (PA) can reduce cancer recurrence and prevent cardiovascular disease. However, few survivors participate in sufficient PA and the prevalence of inactivity is significantly higher in non-metropolitan survivors. The study investigated non-metropolitan survivors' recollections regarding PA advice received following cessation of active treatment, their knowledge of PA guidelines, and the factors that impact on PA behaviour change. Sixteen in iduals (14 women and 2 men) with breast (n = 8), endometrial (n = 4) or colorectal cancer (n = 4), with a mean age of 60 years (SD = 12) completed semi-structured interviews as part of a larger study to examine the acceptability and utility of wearable trackers to increase PA. Interviews explored survivors' recollections regarding the advice they received concerning PA following active treatment, knowledge of PA guidelines for cancer survivors and the influences on PA behaviour change. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Four main themes emerged: (i) insufficient knowledge of guidelines, (ii) support from the treating oncology team, (iii) external accountability, and (iv) barriers to PA. Survivors' knowledge of PA guidelines was limited and they did not often recall their oncologists making specific recommendations concerning PA. Survivors' referred to the desire for accountability and monitoring in order to successfully change PA. Lack of motivation was the main barrier to PA participation. Other barriers included age, health status, and lack of facilities or exercise programs.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725282
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1E presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of CRP and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2018
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001644
Abstract: In the cancer survivorship context, physical activity and sedentary behavior have been measured using different methods. To conduct a narrative review of published research in cancer survivor populations to summarize the quality and identify gaps in reporting on accelerometer data collection, data processing, and outcome measures in cancer survivors. An initial PubMed® search of articles published in English was conducted in January 2017, and a final search was conducted in May 2017. Variables extracted included study characteristics, methods for accelerometry data collection (e.g., device used), data processing (e.g., cut points used), and data reporting (e.g., time spent in different activity intensities). A total of 46 articles were eligible for inclusion in the review. The majority of studies (34 of 46) targeted a single cancer group and 18 of these 34 studies were in survivors of breast cancer. Half (54%) of the studies used an ActiGraph® accelerometer. Methods of accelerometer data processing varied across studies. Definitions of non–wear time, vectors used during processing, and filters applied during processing were reported by 51%, 60%, and 8% of studies, respectively. Most studies reported moderate and vigorous physical activity (78%), 50% reported sedentary time, and 43% reported light-intensity activity. Cut points to categorize these activities varied between studies. This narrative review highlights inconsistency in the methods used to collect, process, and report accelerometry data across cancer survivor studies. Accelerometry has potential to add detailed knowledge of the levels and patterns of physical activities and sedentary behaviors across the cancer spectrum. Recommendations are made to improve data processing and reporting methods to maximize the scientific validity of future accelerometer research in this field.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725285
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1D presents dose-response curves for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2010
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.23099338.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure from Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer Risk via Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling System, Part 1: The Effect of Physical Activity on the Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling System
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725288
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1C present forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies that had a moderate risk of bias
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552108.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of randomised cross-over trials
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551906.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3 presents the risk of bias assessment, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354294.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by exercise type
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: JCFCorp SG PTE LTD
Date: 05-2016
DOI: 10.5993/AJHB.40.3.8
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6491033
Abstract: Abstract This review synthesized and appraised the evidence for an effect of inflammation on breast cancer risk. Systematic searches identified prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies relevant to this review. Meta-analysis of 13 biomarkers of inflammation were conducted to appraise the evidence for an effect breast cancer risk we examined the dose–response of these associations. Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-E tool and the quality of evidence was appraised with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Thirty-four observational studies and three Mendelian randomization studies were included. Meta-analysis suggested that women with the highest levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) had a higher risk of developing breast cancer [risk ratio (RR) = 1.13 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.26] compared with women with the lowest levels. Women with highest levels of adipokines, particularly adiponectin (RR = 0.76 95% CI, 0.61–0.91) had a reduced breast cancer risk, although this finding was not supported by Mendelian randomization analysis. There was little evidence of an effect of cytokines, including TNFα and IL6, on breast cancer risk. The quality of evidence for each biomarker ranged from very low to moderate. Beyond CRP, the published data do not clearly support the role of inflammation in the development of breast cancer. /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725264.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of IL-6 and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725270
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2C presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725273
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-04231-7_2
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed invasive malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. This chapter considers epidemiologic evidence regarding the association between physical activity and breast cancer risk from 73 studies conducted around the world. Across these studies there was a 25% average risk reduction amongst physically active women as compared to the least active women. The associations were strongest for recreational activity, for activity sustained over the lifetime or done after menopause, and for activity that is of moderate to vigorous intensity and performed regularly. There is also some evidence for a stronger effect of physical activity amongst postmenopausal women, women who are normal weight, have no family history of breast cancer, and are parous. It is likely that physical activity is associated with decreased breast cancer risk via multiple interrelated biologic pathways that may involve adiposity, sex hormones, insulin resistance, adipokines, and chronic inflammation. Future research should include prospective observational epidemiologic studies relating proposed biomarkers to breast cancer risk and also randomized controlled trials to examine how physical activity influences the proposed biomarkers. Exercise trials will provide more clarity regarding the appropriate type, dose, and timing of activity that relate to breast cancer risk reduction.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725276
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 20-10-2021
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0435
Abstract: Epidemiologic research suggests that physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, but the causal nature of this link is not clear. Investigating mechanistic pathways can provide evidence of biological plausibility and improve causal inference. This project will examine three putative pathways (sex steroid hormones, insulin signaling, and inflammation) in a series of two-stage systematic reviews. Stage 1 used Text Mining for Mechanism Prioritisation (TeMMPo) to identify and prioritize relevant biological intermediates. Stage 2 will systematically review the findings from studies of (i) physical activity and intermediates and (ii) intermediates and breast cancer. Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus will be searched using a combination of subject headings and free-text terms. Human intervention and prospective, observational studies will be eligible for inclusion. Meta-analysis will be performed where possible. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool, or the ROBINS-I or ROBINS-E tool, depending on study type. Strength of evidence will be assessed using the GRADE system. In addition to synthesizing the mechanistic evidence that links physical activity with breast cancer risk, this project may also identify priority areas for future research and help inform the design and implementation of physical activity interventions. See related reviews by Swain et al., p. 16 and Drummond et al., p. 28
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354261.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3A presents the risk of bias for randomised controlled and randomised cross-over trials, using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 20-10-2022
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0438
Abstract: We undertook a systematic review and appraised the evidence for an effect of circulating sex steroid hormones and sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) on breast cancer risk in pre- and postmenopausal women. Systematic searches identified prospective studies relevant to this review. Meta-analyses estimated breast cancer risk for women with the highest compared with the lowest level of sex hormones, and the DRMETA Stata package was used to graphically represent the shape of these associations. The ROBINS-E tool assessed risk of bias, and the GRADE system appraised the strength of evidence. In premenopausal women, there was little evidence that estrogens, progesterone, or SHBG were associated with breast cancer risk, whereas androgens showed a positive association. In postmenopausal women, higher estrogens and androgens were associated with an increase in breast cancer risk, whereas higher SHBG was inversely associated with risk. The strength of the evidence quality ranged from low to high for each hormone. Dose–response relationships between sex steroid hormone concentrations and breast cancer risk were most notable for postmenopausal women. These data support the plausibility of a role for sex steroid hormones in mediating the causal relationship between physical activity and the risk of breast cancer. See related reviews by Lynch et al., p. 11 and Swain et al., p. 16
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 20-10-2021
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0437
Abstract: The effect of physical activity on breast cancer risk may be partly mediated by sex steroid hormones. This review synthesized and appraised the evidence for an effect of physical activity on sex steroid hormones. Systematic searches were performed using MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and SPORTDiscus to identify experimental studies and prospective cohort studies that examined physical activity and estrogens, progestins, and/or androgens, as well as sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and glucocorticoids in pre- and postmenopausal women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the GRADE system was used to appraise quality of the evidence. Twenty-eight randomized controlled trials (RCT), 81 nonrandomized interventions, and six observational studies were included. Estrogens, progesterone, and androgens mostly decreased, and SHBG increased, in response to physical activity. Effect sizes were small, and evidence quality was graded moderate or high for each outcome. Reductions in select sex steroid hormones following exercise supports the biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity–sex hormone–breast cancer pathway. The confirmed effect of physical activity on decreasing circulating sex steroid hormones supports its causal role in preventing breast cancer. See related reviews by Lynch et al., p. 11 and Drummond et al., p. 28
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 08-2019
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2019-030078
Abstract: Limited research has assessed the association between patterns of body mass index (BMI) change across adulthood and mortality. We aimed to identify groups of in iduals who followed specific group-based BMI trajectories across adulthood, using weight collected on three occasions and recalled data from early adulthood, and to examine associations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Prospective cohort study. Melbourne, Australia. Adults (n=29 881) enrolled in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, who were aged from 40 to 70 years between 1990 and 1994, and had BMI data for at least three time points. Deaths from any cause before 31 March 2017 and deaths from obesity-related cancers, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and other causes before 31 December 2013. We identified six group-based BMI trajectories: lower-normal stable (TR1), higher-normal stable (TR2), normal to overweight (TR3), chronic borderline obesity (TR4), normal to class I obesity (TR5) and overweight to class II obesity (TR6). Generally, compared with maintaining lower-normal BMI throughout adulthood, the lowest mortality was experienced by participants who maintained higher-normal BMI (HR 0.90 95% CI 0.84 to 0.97) obesity during midlife was associated with higher all-cause mortality even when BMI was normal in early adulthood (HR 1.09 95% CI 0.98 to 1.21) and prolonged borderline obesity from early adulthood was also associated with elevated mortality (HR 1.16 95% CI 1.01 to 1.33). These associations were stronger for never-smokers and for death due to obesity-related cancers. Being overweight in early adulthood and becoming class II obese was associated with higher CVD mortality relative to maintaining lower-normal BMI (HR 2.27 95% CI 1.34 to 3.87). Our findings highlight the importance of weight management throughout adulthood to reduce mortality.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354181.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of IL-6 and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 04-2006
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725230.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics for parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Date: 03-2020
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.19.02407
Abstract: To determine whether recommended amounts of leisure-time physical activity (ie, 7.5-15 metabolic equivalent task [MET] hours/week) are associated with lower cancer risk, describe the shape of the dose-response relationship, and explore associations with moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity. Data from 9 prospective cohorts with self-reported leisure-time physical activity and follow-up for cancer incidence were pooled. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of the relationships between physical activity with incidence of 15 types of cancer. Dose-response relationships were modeled with restricted cubic spline functions that compared 7.5, 15.0, 22.5, and 30.0 MET hours/week to no leisure-time physical activity, and statistically significant associations were determined using tests for trend ( P .05) and 95% CIs ( 1.0). A total of 755,459 participants (median age, 62 years [range, 32-91 years] 53% female) were followed for 10.1 years, and 50,620 incident cancers accrued. Engagement in recommended amounts of activity (7.5-15 MET hours/week) was associated with a statistically significant lower risk of 7 of the 15 cancer types studied, including colon (8%-14% lower risk in men), breast (6%-10% lower risk), endometrial (10%-18% lower risk), kidney (11%-17% lower risk), myeloma (14%-19% lower risk), liver (18%-27% lower risk), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (11%-18% lower risk in women). The dose response was linear in shape for half of the associations and nonlinear for the others. Results for moderate- and vigorous-intensity leisure-time physical activity were mixed. Adjustment for body mass index eliminated the association with endometrial cancer but had limited effect on other cancer types. Health care providers, fitness professionals, and public health practitioners should encourage adults to adopt and maintain physical activity at recommended levels to lower risks of multiple cancers.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551951.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354249.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 5 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for IL-6
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-10-2017
DOI: 10.1002/IJC.31049
Abstract: The influence of lifestyle factors on survival following a diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is not well established. We examined associations between lifestyle factors measured before diagnosis and CRC survival. The Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study collected data on alcohol intake, cigarette smoking and physical activity, and body measurements at baseline (1990-1994) and wave 2 (2003-2007). We included participants diagnosed to 31 August 2015 with incident stages I-III CRC within 10-years post exposure assessment. Information on tumor characteristics and vital status was obtained. Tumor DNA was tested for microsatellite instability (MSI) and somatic mutations in oncogenes BRAF (V600E) and KRAS. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for associations between lifestyle factors and overall and CRC-specific mortality using Cox regression. Of 724 eligible CRC cases, 339 died (170 from CRC) during follow-up (average 9.0 years). Exercise (non-occupational/leisure-time) was associated with higher CRC-specific survival for stage II (HR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10-0.60) but not stages I/III disease (p for interaction = 0.01), and possibly for colon and KRAS wild-type tumors. Waist circumference was inversely associated with CRC-specific survival (HR = 1.25 per 10 cm increment, 95% CI: 1.08-1.44), independent of stage, anatomic site and tumor molecular status. Cigarette smoking was associated with lower overall survival, with suggestive evidence of worse survival for BRAF mutated CRC, but not with CRC-specific survival. Alcohol intake was not associated with survival. Survival did not differ by MSI status. We have identified pre-diagnostic predictors of survival following CRC that may have clinical and public health relevance.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-10-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S10552-015-0683-4
Abstract: Understanding of the physical activity and sedentary behavior of cancer survivors is limited by reliance on self-reported data. Here, we report the correlates, and patterns of accumulation, of physical activity (light, and moderate-vigorous MVPA) and sedentary behavior, in colon cancer survivors, using accelerometer-based assessments. Colon cancer survivors from Alberta, Canada (n = 92), and Western Australia (n = 93) (overall response rate = 21 %) wore an Actigraph(®) GT3X+ accelerometer for seven consecutive days and completed a questionnaire in 2012-2013. Accelerometer data (60 s epochs) were summarized using Freedson activity cutpoints and were adjusted for wear time. Linear regression analyses, conducted 2014-2015, examined correlates for different intensities of activity. Younger age, being employed, higher family income, and lower BMI were significantly correlated with MVPA, while gender, educational attainment, and BMI were correlated with light-intensity physical activity. Gender, comorbidities, and BMI were correlated with sedentary time. MVPA did not vary by day of the week, whereas the remaining time (as a sedentary/light ratio) showed significant variation, with Saturdays being less sedentary than average [corrected]. When considering time of day, we found that evenings were when the likelihood of both MVPA and sedentary time was highest. The low level of MVPA and high volume of sedentary time demonstrated by these objective data highlight the need for intervention in colon cancer survivors. The correlates and accumulation patterns described by this study may better inform interventions and translational research designed to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in colon cancer survivors.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551909
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725260
Abstract: Forest plots for effects of physical activity interventions compared with usual activity in RCTs. A forest plot for ( b A /b ) adiponection and ( b B /b ) leptin.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725261
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4A presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725263
Abstract: Forest plots for effects of physical activity compared with usual activity control in RCTs. A forest plot for ( b A /b ) TNFα, ( b B /b ) IL6, and ( b C /b ) CRP.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551906
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3 presents the risk of bias assessment, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725264
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of IL-6 and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552087.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3C present the risk of bias for the prospective cohort study, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725266
Abstract: PRISMA flow diagram. This figure incorporates literature search, screening, and study selection. Reasons for full-text inclusion included duplicate study, publication type (e.g., review), study design (e.g., cross-sectional design), population (e.g., male only), intervention/exposure (e.g., physical activity and diet), comparator (e.g., diet or medication), and outcomes (e.g., no inflammation measures).
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725267
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for IL-6 and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 12-10-2016
DOI: 10.1136/BMJ.I4919
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 08-2023
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.23814641.V1
Abstract: supplementary materials
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551927.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5A presents the forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Date: 04-2009
Abstract: Increased physical activity in patients with colorectal cancer is related to improved recurrence-free and overall survival. Psychological distress after cancer may place patients at risk of reduced physical activity, but paradoxically may also act as a motivator for lifestyle change. The relationship between psychological distress and physical activity after cancer over time has not been described. Methods A prospective survey of 1,966 (57% response) colorectal cancer survivors assessed the psychological distress variables of anxiety, depression, somatization, and cancer threat appraisal as predictors of physical activity at 5, 12, 24, and 36 months postdiagnosis 978 respondents had valid data for all time points. Higher somatization was associated with greater physical inactivity (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 1.12 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.2) and insufficient physical activity (RRR = 1.05 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.0). Respondents with a more positive appraisal of their cancer were significantly (P = .031) less likely to be inactive (RRR = 0.95 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.0) or insufficiently active (RRR = 0.96). Fatigued and obese respondents and current smokers were more inactive. Respondents whose somatization increased between two time periods were less likely to increase their physical activity over the same period (P .001). Respondents with higher anxiety at one time period were less likely to have increased their activity at the next assessment (P = .004). There was no association between depression and physical activity. Cancer survivors who experience somatization and anxiety are at greater risk of physical inactivity. The lack of a clear relationship between higher psychological distress and increasing physical activity argues against distress as a motivator to exercise in these patients.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725243.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5C presents dose-response curves for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-01-2023
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725266.V1
Abstract: PRISMA flow diagram. This figure incorporates literature search, screening, and study selection. Reasons for full-text inclusion included duplicate study, publication type (e.g., review), study design (e.g., cross-sectional design), population (e.g., male only), intervention/exposure (e.g., physical activity and diet), comparator (e.g., diet or medication), and outcomes (e.g., no inflammation measures).
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725251
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A present forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725252
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of leptin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725254
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725255
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4C presents dose-response curves for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725257
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725258
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4B presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 08-2023
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.23814632.V1
Abstract: Summary of G × BMI analyses using 1DF, two-step, and 3DF analyses.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354273.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics for parallel group RCTs
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 2020
Abstract: Background : Recent updates to physical activity guidelines highlight the importance of reducing sedentary time. However, at present, only general recommendations are possible (ie, “Sit less, move more”). There remains a need to investigate the strength, temporality, specificity, and dose–response nature of sedentary behavior associations with chronic disease, along with potential underlying mechanisms. Methods : Stemming from a recent research workshop organized by the Sedentary Behavior Council themed “Sedentary behaviour mechanisms—biological and behavioural pathways linking sitting to adverse health outcomes,” this paper (1) discusses existing challenges and scientific discussions within this advancing area of science, (2) highlights and discusses emerging areas of interest, and (3) points to potential future directions. Results : A brief knowledge update is provided, reflecting upon current and evolving thinking/discussions, and the rapid accumulation of new evidence linking sedentary behavior to chronic disease. Research “action points” are made at the end of each section—spanning from measurement systems and analytic methods, genetic epidemiology, causal mediation, and experimental studies to biological and behavioral determinants and mechanisms. Conclusion : A better understanding of whether and how sedentary behavior is causally related to chronic disease will allow for more meaningful conclusions in the future and assist in refining clinical and public health policies/recommendations.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-03-2013
DOI: 10.1007/S10552-013-0194-0
Abstract: Sedentary behavior may be a unique risk factor for some cancers, including breast cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the association between lifetime occupational sitting and likelihood of breast cancer. A case-control study of 2,452 women was conducted in Alberta, Canada, between 1995 and 1997. A comprehensive measure of lifetime physical activity assessed frequency and duration of sedentary jobs. Logistic regression estimated the odds of being diagnosed with breast cancer across quartiles of lifetime occupational sitting, by menopausal status and family history of breast cancer, and within body mass index categories and physical activity quartiles. There was no association between occupational sitting and breast cancer among pre-menopausal women and women with a family history of breast cancer. Unexpectedly, higher amounts of occupational sitting were associated with lower odds of breast cancer in post-menopausal women (top versus bottom categories of occupational sitting OR = 0.71, 95 % CI 0.52, 0.97), women without a family history of breast cancer (OR = 0.77, 95 % CI 0.60, 1.00), and women in the third highest quartile of total lifetime physical activity (OR = 0.57, 95 % CI 0.33, 0.97). Occupational sitting levels were lower than would be expected in a contemporary study. Exposures may have been insufficient to make a determinable contribution to breast cancer risk.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552069
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6D presents findings of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-06-2011
DOI: 10.1007/S10552-011-9786-8
Abstract: To examine prospective associations of television viewing time with quality of life, following a colorectal cancer diagnosis. One thousand, nine hundred and sixty-six colorectal cancer survivors were recruited through the Queensland Cancer Registry. Interviews were conducted at 5, 12, 24, and 36 months post-diagnosis. Generalized linear mixed models estimated the effects of television viewing time on quality of life. Participants who watched ≥5 h of television per day had a 16% lower total quality of life score than did participants reporting ≤2 h per day. Deleterious associations of television viewing time were found with all quality of life subscales: functional well-being showed the strongest association (23% difference in quality of life scores between highest and lowest television viewing categories), and social well-being the weakest association (6% difference). Participants who increased their television viewing by one category (e.g., ≤2 h, increasing to 3-4 h per day) had a proportional decrease of some 6% in their quality of life score (intra-in idual effect). The deleterious associations of television viewing time with quality of life were clinically significant and consistent over time. Decreasing sedentary behavior may be an important behavioral strategy to enhance the quality of life of cancer survivors.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354285.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by menopausal status
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1980
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725240
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of adiponectin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725242
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 02-2017
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0545
Abstract: Background: Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) is inversely associated with waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) among breast cancer survivors. Limited research has focused on behaviors that account for larger portions of the day [sleep, sedentary time, and light-intensity physical activity (LPA)]. We investigated the interdependent associations of self-reported sleep, objectively assessed prolonged and short bouts of sedentary time, total LPA, and total MVPA with waist circumference and BMI. Methods: A cross-sectional s le of breast cancer survivors (N = 256, mean age = 60 years mean time since diagnosis = 3 years) wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer during waking hours for 7 days. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and self-reported their waist circumference, height, and weight. An isotemporal substitution approach was used in linear regression models to explore the associations of reallocating time to sleep, sedentary and active behaviors on waist circumference, and BMI, after adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Reallocating 30 minutes to MVPA was significantly associated with lower waist circumference when allocated from sleep (−2.50 cm), prolonged sedentary time (−2.51 cm), or LPA (−2.71 cm). Reallocating 30 minutes of prolonged sedentary time to nonprolonged sedentary time was significantly associated with lower waist circumference (−0.94 cm). Similar results were observed for BMI. Conclusions: Reallocating 30 minutes to MVPA was associated with significantly lower waist circumference and BMI, as was reallocating 30 minutes of prolonged sedentary time to 30 minutes of nonprolonged sedentary time. Impact: Increasing MVPA levels and decreasing time spent in prolonged, unbroken sedentary bouts may be avenues for improving body composition in this population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 26(2) 254–60. ©2016 AACR.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551939.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4A presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725243
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5C presents dose-response curves for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552096.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2D presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725245
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725246
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5B presents forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 09-11-2004
Abstract: The evaluation of a community-based screening programme for melanoma (SkinWatch) in 18 regional communities (total adult population >30 years 63 035) in Queensland, Australia is described. The aim of the SkinWatch programme was to promote whole-body skin screening for melanoma by primary care physicians. The programme included community education, education and support for local medical practitioners and open-access skin screening clinics. Programme delivery was achieved through assistance of local volunteers. All programme activities and resources were recorded for process evaluation. A baseline telephone survey (n = 3110) and a telephone survey four months after programme launch (n = 680) assessed community awareness of the SkinWatch programme and, 37 face-to-face interviews with community members, doctors and community leaders were conducted to assess satisfaction with the programme. A s le of 1043 of 16,383 residents who attended the skin screening clinics provided as part of the programme were interviewed to assess reasons for attending, and positive and negative aspects of SkinWatch programme. Community awareness of the SkinWatch programme increased by over 30% (p < 0.001) within four months of the start of the programme. Interview participants described the SkinWatch programme as a useful service for the communities and 90% stated they would revisit the clinics. A total of 43% of all attendees were over 50 years old, and nearly 50% were men. These findings demonstrate the acceptability and feasibility of a community-based screening programme for melanoma in rural areas. Volunteers were instrumental in increasing community ownership of and involvement in the SkinWatch programme.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725248
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725249
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5A presents the forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354169.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of leptin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552129.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A present forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 30-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-22-3713
Abstract: This gene-environment interaction analysis revealed a genetic locus in FMN1/GREM1 that interacts with body mass index in colorectal cancer risk, suggesting potential implications for precision prevention strategies.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552078
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6A presents findings of in idual parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725231.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics of the Mendelian randomization studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552075
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6B presents findings of in idual randomised cross-over studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552072
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6C presents findings of in idual non-randomised interventions
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-03-2013
DOI: 10.1002/CNCR.28028
Abstract: Cancer survival is associated with considerable physical and psychosocial burden. Broadly accessible, nonpharmacologic measures that may extend disease-free survival, limit comorbid disease, and enhance quality of life are required. Sedentary behavior (too much sitting) is now understood to be a health risk that is additional to, and distinct from, the hazards of too little exercise. Of particular note, it is associated with adiposity, insulin resistance, and markers of inflammation. Therefore, it is plausible that sedentary behavior may contribute to adverse cancer outcomes (disease progression, recurrence, or death) and to the development of comorbid chronic disease. Initial studies indicate that cancer survivors spend two-thirds of their waking hours sitting. Among colorectal cancer survivors, sedentary behavior may contribute to all-cause and disease-specific mortality, weight gain, comorbid cardiovascular disease, and diminished quality of life. There is a need for dose-response evidence, and for a broader understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which prolonged sitting time may affect cancer survivors' health.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725230
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics for parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Public Health Association
Date: 11-2018
Abstract: Sitting has frequently been equated with smoking, with some sources even suggesting that smoking is safer than sitting. This commentary highlights how sitting and smoking are not comparable. The most recent meta-analysis of sedentary behavior and health outcomes reported a hazard ratio of 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09, 1.41) for all-cause mortality. The relative risk (RR) of death from all causes among current smokers, compared with those who have never smoked, is 2.80 (95% CI = 2.72, 2.88) for men and 2.76 for women (95% CI = 2.69, 2.84). The risk is substantially higher for heavy smokers ( 40 cigarettes per day: RR = 4.08 [95% CI = 3.68, 4.52] for men, and 4.41 [95% CI = 3.70, 5.25] for women). These estimates correspond to absolute risk differences of more than 2000 excess deaths from any cause per 100 000 persons per year among the heaviest smokers compared with never smokers, versus 190 excess deaths per 100 000 persons per year when comparing people with the highest volume of sitting with the lowest. Conflicting or distorted information about health risks related to behavioral choices and environmental exposures can lead to confusion and public doubt with respect to health recommendations.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725231
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics of the Mendelian randomization studies
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725233
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology used in the systematic review
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725234
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology for the systematic review
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725236
Abstract: GRADE appraisal for physical activity–inflammatory biomarkers pathways.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725237
Abstract: GRADE appraisal for inflammatory biomarkers – breast cancer pathways.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725254.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725239
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4 presents funnel plots for physical activity to inflammatory biomarkers meta-analyses
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552087
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3C present the risk of bias for the prospective cohort study, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552084
Abstract: Supplementary Table 4 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for CRP
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725194.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6D presents findings of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552081
Abstract: Supplementary Table 5 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for IL-6
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354157.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of adiponectin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552117.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4 presents funnel plots for physical activity to inflammatory biomarkers meta-analyses
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 12-2015
Abstract: Sedentary behavior has been proposed as a risk factor for obesity that is distinct from physical inactivity. This study aimed to examine the association between occupational sedentary behavior and obesity, and to determine if this association is independent of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Fully employed participants enrolled between 2001 and 2008 to Alberta’s Tomorrow Project, a prospective cohort study in Alberta, Canada, were studied (n = 12,409). Associations between occupational sedentary behavior and waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and body mass index (BMI) were examined using multiple binary and multinomial logistic regressions. In men, a positive association was observed between daily occupational sedentary hours and WC, WHR, BMI, and with high risk profiles that incorporated both BMI and WC ( P .01). Controlling for vigorous-intensity LTPA in all models strengthened associations between sedentary behavior and measures of obesity. In contrast, inverse associations were observed for occupational sedentary hours and WHR for women ( P .05). In fully employed men, occupational sedentary behavior was positively associated with obesity risk that was not attenuated by physical activity. In women, an increase in obesity risk was not observed with sedentary behavior. Gender differences in the health effects of sedentary behavior require further study.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001827
Abstract: Physical activity may affect health via DNA methylation. The epigenetic influences of sedentary behaviors such as television viewing are unknown. We performed a genomewide study of DNA methylation in peripheral blood in relation to physical activity and television viewing time. DNA methylation was measured using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450K BeadChip array in blood s les collected at baseline ( N = 5513) and follow-up ( N = 1249) from participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. At baseline, times per week of leisure-time physical activity were self-reported. At follow-up, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess MET-hours per week of total and leisure-time physical activity and hours per day of television viewing time. Linear mixed models were used to assess associations between physical activity and television viewing measures and DNA methylation at in idual CpG sites, adjusted for potential confounders and batch effects. At follow-up, total physical activity was associated with DNA methylation at cg10266336 ( P = 6.0 × 10 −9 ), annotated to the SAA2 gene. Weaker evidence of associations ( P 1.0 × 10 −5 ) were observed for an additional 14 CpG sites with total physical activity, for 7 CpG sites with leisure-time physical activity, and for 9 CpG sites with television viewing time. Changes in leisure-time physical activity between baseline and follow-up were associated with methylation changes ( P 0.05) at four of the seven CpG sites with weaker evidence of cross-sectional associations with leisure-time physical activity. Physical activity and television viewing may be associated with blood DNA methylation, a potential pathway to chronic disease development. Further research using accelerometer data and larger s le sizes is warranted.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725221
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2D presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725224
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2C presents the study characteristics for non-randomised interventions
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-2012
DOI: 10.1080/08870441003768047
Abstract: This study has used the structural equation modelling to examine the role of benefit-finding (BF) in the context of the stress and coping model. In the study, 1276 in iduals diagnosed with colorectal cancer completed a written questionnaire and telephone interview at around 4.5 months (on average) and 12 months post-diagnosis. Analyses revealed that the final model fit the data, where stress, coping and BF accounted for 63% of the variance in Time 1 quality of life (QOL). Threat appraisal, coping resources, avoidant coping and BF directly impacted on Time 1 QOL, while threat appraisal, social support and approach coping directly impacted on BF. Approach coping and BF had differential relationships with stress, coping resources and outcomes, indicating that BF may not be a meaning-based coping strategy, as proposed by Folkman [Folkman, S. (1997). Positive psychological states and coping with severe stress. Social Science and Medicine, 45, 1207–1221]. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725225
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3 presents the risk of bias assessment, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725227
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of randomised cross-over trials
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725228
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725276.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552135
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725233.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology used in the systematic review
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354160.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5C presents dose-response curves for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552132
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354240.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6C presents findings of in idual non-randomised interventions
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-06-2019
DOI: 10.1002/IJC.32504
Abstract: Adiposity increases estrogen receptor (ER)-positive postmenopausal breast cancer risk. While mechanisms underlying this relationship are uncertain, dysregulated sex-steroid hormone production and insulin signaling are likely pathways. Our aim was to quantify mediating effects of fasting insulin and free estradiol in the adiposity and ER-positive postmenopausal breast cancer association. We used data from a case-cohort study of sex hormones and insulin signaling nested within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Eligible women, at baseline, were not diagnosed with cancer, were postmenopausal, did not use hormone therapy and had no history of diabetes or diabetes medication use. Women with ER-negative disease or breast cancer diagnosis within the first follow-up year were excluded. We analyzed the study as a cumulative s ling case-control study with 149 cases and 1,029 controls. Missing values for insulin and free estradiol were multiply imputed with chained equations. Interventional direct (IDE) and indirect (IIE) effects were estimated using regression-based multiple-mediator approach. For women with body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 31-08-2021
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002479
Abstract: Long-term effects of physical activity and television (TV) viewing on mortality have been inferred from observational studies. The associations observed do not allow for inferences about the effects of population interventions and could be subject to bias due to time-varying confounding. Using data from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study, collected in 1999–2000 (T0), 2004–2005 (T1), and 2011–2012 (T2), we applied the parametric g-formula to estimate cumulative risks of death under hypothetical interventions on physical activity and/or TV viewing determined from self-report while adjusting for time-varying confounding. In the 6377 participants followed up for 13 yr from 2004 to 2005 to death or censoring in 2017, 781 participants died. The observed cumulative risk of death was 12.2%. The most effective hypothetical intervention was to increase weekly physical activity to min (risk ratio (RR), 0.66 (0.46–0.86) compared with a “worst-case” scenario RR, 0.83 (0.73–0.94) compared with no intervention). Reducing daily TV viewing to h in addition to physical activity interventions did not show added survival benefits. Reducing TV viewing alone was least effective in reducing mortality (RR, 0.85 (0.60–1.10) compared with the worst-case scenario RR, 1.06 (0.93–1.20) compared with no intervention). Our findings suggested that sustained interventions to increase physical activity could lower all-cause mortality over a 13-yr period, and there might be limited gain from intervening to reduce TV viewing time in a relatively healthy population.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 22-04-2020
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002358
Abstract: Using the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, we examined the associations of occupation, household, transport, and leisure physical activity with pain interference with normal work and muscle pain after activity. This cross-sectional analysis included 7655 working and 11,766 nonworking participants. Physical activity was assessed using the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Pain interference was assessed with the Short-Form 12-Item Health Survey version 2.0, and muscle pain after activity was assessed using the 12-item Somatic and Psychological Health Report. Ordered logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), and restricted cubic splines were used to graphically represent the shape of associations. All physical activity domain–pain outcome associations were nonlinear. Compared with participants who reported the lowest level of activity, participants who reported the median level of transport physical activity (10 MET·h·wk −1 ) reported less pain interference (workers: OR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.77–0.97] nonworkers: OR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.79–0.97]) and muscle pain after activity (workers: OR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.70–0.95] nonworkers: OR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.77–0.95]). Higher levels of leisure time activity (20 MET·h·wk −1 ) were associated with less pain interference in nonworkers (OR, 0.87 95% CI, 0.77–0.98) and muscle pain after activity in workers (OR, 0.67 95% CI, 0.56–0.80). Workers who reported the median level of household activity (16 MET·h·wk −1 ) had increased pain interference (OR, 1.19 95% CI, 1.07–1.32) and muscle pain after activity (OR, 1.23 95% CI, 1.06–1.42) than did those who reported the least household activity. Associations between domain-specific physical activity and pain outcomes were not uniform. Within the transport and leisure domains, physical activity was inversely associated with pain-related outcomes, whereas household physical activity was positively associated with pain scores within the working s le.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-09-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S12529-022-10130-5
Abstract: There is increasing evidence for the relationship between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour and mental health. Limited data exists on sex-specific associations. We aimed to identify associations between PA dose and domain and television time with psychological distress, including sex-stratified models. A total of 22,176 adults from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study follow-up 2 cohort (2003–2007) participated in this cross-sectional study. Occupational, household, transport, leisure PA, hours watching television and psychological distress were assessed. Restricted cubic splines were used to examine the relationships between PA domains, television viewing time and psychological distress. The relationships between PA and psychological distress were non-linear ( p 0.05) and differed by PA domain. There were dose-dependent, inverse associations between distress with transport ( B [95% CI] = −0.39[−0.49, −0.30]) and leisure PA ( B [95% CI] = −0.35[−0.46, −0.25]). The effect estimates for transport and leisure PA with distress were larger for women. For household domain, a U-shaped curve with an elongated tail was seen. Median PA was associated with lower distress compared with lower quantities ( B [95% CI] = −0.12[−0.22, −0.03]) however, this association was not evident with increasing household PA. There were no clear associations between occupational PA and distress. Higher television viewing was associated with higher distress ( B [95% CI] = 0.16[0.02, 0.30]). Increasing PA and reducing television viewing may contribute to reduced psychological distress, particularly in women. Future interventions should incorporate leisure and transport PA and decrease television viewing to assess the impact on mental health.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 08-2023
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.23814635
Abstract: Selected characteristics of the participants.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551972.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552072.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6C presents findings of in idual non-randomised interventions
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-08-0004
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552129
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A present forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552126
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 08-2023
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.23814632
Abstract: Summary of G × BMI analyses using 1DF, two-step, and 3DF analyses.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725209.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 4 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for CRP
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-05-2009
DOI: 10.1007/S10552-009-9356-5
Abstract: To investigate the prospective relationships between television viewing time and weight gain in the 3 years following colorectal cancer diagnosis for 1,867 colorectal cancer survivors (body mass index (BMI) > or = 18.5 kg/m(2)). BMI, television viewing time, physical activity, and socio-demographic and clinical covariates were assessed at baseline (5 months), 24 months and 36 months post-diagnosis. Multiple linear regression was used to study independent associations between baseline television viewing time and BMI at 24 and 36 months post-diagnosis. At both follow-up time points, there was a significant increase in mean BMI for participants reporting > or =5 h/day of television viewing compared to those watching <3 h/day at baseline (24 months: 0.72 kg/m(2) (0.31, 1.12), p < 0.001 36 months: 0.61 kg/m(2) (0.14, 1.07), p = 0.01), independent of baseline BMI, gender, age, education, marital status, smoking, cancer site, cancer disease stage, treatment mode and co-morbidities. Additional adjustment for baseline physical activity did not change results. These findings suggest that a greater emphasis on decreasing television viewing time could help reduce weight gain among colorectal cancer survivors. This, in turn, could contribute to a risk reduction for co-morbid conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552111.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics for parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725267.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for IL-6 and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354148.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354172.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4C presents dose-response curves for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 26-08-2010
DOI: 10.1007/S12160-010-9209-1
Abstract: Television viewing time independent of physical activity is associated with a number of chronic diseases and related risk factors however, its relationship with chronic kidney disease is unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine the cross-sectional and prospective relationships of television viewing time with biomarkers of chronic kidney disease. Participants of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study attended the baseline (n = 10,847) and 5-year follow-up (n = 6,293) examination. Television viewing was significantly associated with increased odds of prevalent albuminuria and low estimated glomerular filtration rate. In the gender-stratified analyses this pattern was seen for men, but not for women. In the longitudinal analyses, odds of de novo albuminuria and low estimated glomerular filtration rate were increased only in unadjusted models. Television viewing time may be directly related to markers of chronic kidney disease and through intertwined associated risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.23099359.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Material and Methods includes search terms excluded papers study characteristics risk of bias forest plots funnel plots. Supplementary Table 1: Search terms used for each component of the systematic review. Supplementary Table 2: Papers Excluded at Full Text Screen.* Supplementary Table 3A: Study characteristics of Mendelian randomisation studies. Supplementary Table 3B: Study characteristics of prospective cohort studies. Supplementary Table 4. Risk of Bias: Prospective Cohort Studies. Figure 1: Funnel plots. Figure 2: IGF-1 and breast cancer risk in models that adjust for IGFBP-3. Figure 3: IGF-1 and breast cancer risk by menopause status at blood draw. Figure 4: IGFBP-3 and breast cancer risk by menopause status at blood draw
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-07-2010
DOI: 10.1007/S00520-009-0705-4
Abstract: Promoting physical activity among cancer survivors is a high priority. Understanding barriers to physical activity provides an evidence base to inform relevant strategies for doing so. Telephone interviews were conducted with colorectal cancer survivors at 5 (n = 538) and 12 months post-diagnosis (n = 403). We used an ecological model of health behaviour to classify participants' perceived barriers to physical activity into four sub-categories: physical environment, social environment, personal attributes, and disease-specific barriers. Disease-specific barriers were perceived as the greatest challenge to colorectal cancer survivors being more physically active, closely followed by personal attributes. The physical environment presented the least salient perceived barriers however, the physical environment was most closely associated with achieving sufficient levels of physical activity at 5 months post-diagnosis. The difficulties most frequently reported by participants at both time points were belief that they were already active enough, not feeling well enough to be physically active, and experiencing fatigue. These findings suggest potential points for intervention to influence physical activity among colorectal cancer survivors.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 08-2023
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.23814641
Abstract: supplementary materials
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725291.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-01-2017
DOI: 10.1002/IJC.30580
Abstract: Excessive sitting time and smoking are pro-inflammatory lifestyle factors that are associated with both cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. However, their joint associations have not been investigated. We examined the associations of television (TV) viewing time with cancer and CVD mortality, according to smoking status, among 7,498 non-smokers (34% ex-smokers) and 1,409 current-smokers in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study. During 117,506 person-years (median 13.6 years) of follow-up, there were 346 cancer and 209 CVD-related deaths. Including an interaction between TV time and smoking status in the model significantly improved the goodness of fit for cancer (p = 0.01) but not CVD mortality (p = 0.053). In the multivariate-adjusted model, every additional hr/d of TV time was associated with increased risk of cancer-related (HR 1.23 95% CI 1.08-1.40), but not CVD-related mortality (HR 1.16 95% CI 0.97-1.38) in current-smokers. Elevated multivariate-adjusted cancer mortality HRs were observed for current-smokers watching 2 to <4 hr/d (HR 1.45 95% CI 0.78-2.71) and ≥4 hr/d (HR 2.26 95% CI 1.10-4.64), compared to those watching <2 hr/d. Current-smokers watching 2 to <4 hr/d (HR 1.07 95% CI 0.45-2.53) and ≥4 hr/d (HR 1.92 95% CI 0.76-4.84) did not have a significantly higher risk of CVD mortality, compared to <2 hr/d. No associations were observed for non-smokers. These findings show an association of TV, a common sedentary behavior, with cancer mortality in current-smokers. The association with CVD mortality was less clear. Further exploration in larger data sets is warranted. Limiting TV viewing time may be of benefit in reducing cancer mortality risk in current-smokers.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1753-6405.2008.00259.X
Abstract: To investigate the reliability of collecting colorectal stage information from pathology reports and general practitioners in Queensland, Australia. A longitudinal study of colorectal cancer survivors conducted in 2003 and 2004 (n=1966, response rate=57%) obtained stage information from clinical specialists (n=1334), general practitioners (GP) (n=1417) and by extracting stage from pathology reports (n=1484). Reliability of stage information was determined by comparing stage from GPs and pathology reports with that reported by the clinical specialists, using a weighted kappa. GPs and pathology reports each had a similar level of agreement with clinical specialists, with kappa scores of 0.77 (0.75-0.80) (n=1042) and 0.78 (0.75-0.81) (n=1152), respectively. Results were similar when restricting to records staged by all three methods (n=847). GPs had similar levels of agreement with clinical specialists within each stage, although pathology reports tended to under-stage patients in Stage D (0.37). Collapsing stage into two categories (A or B, C or D) increased the reliability estimates from the pathology reports to 0.91 (0.88-0.93), but there was little change in GP estimates 0.79 (0.75-0.83). Extractions from pathology reports are a valid source of broad stage information for colorectal cancer. In the absence of clinical stage data, access to pathology records by population-based cancer registries enables a more accurate assessment of survival inequalities in colorectal cancer survival.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-09-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-020-01008-4
Abstract: Prolonged sitting time is a risk factor for chronic disease, yet recent global surveillance is not well described. The aims were to clarify: (i) the countries that have collected country-level data on self-reported sitting time (ii) the single-item tools used to collect these data and (iii) the duration of sitting time reported across low- to high-income countries. Country-level data collected within the last 10 years using single-item self-report were included. The six-stage methodology: (1) reviewing Global Observatory for Physical Activity! Country Cards (2–4) country-specific searches of PubMed, the Demographic and Health Survey website and Google (5) analysing the Eurobarometer 88.4 and (6) country-specific searches for World Health Organization STEPwise reports. A total of 7641 records were identified and screened for eligibility. Sixty-two countries (29%) reported sitting time representing 47% of the global adult population. The majority of data were from high-income (61%) and middle income (29%) countries. The tools used were the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ n = 34), a modified IPAQ ( n = 1) or the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ n = 27). The median of mean daily sitting times was 4.7 (IQR: 3.5–5.1) hours across all countries. Higher-income countries recorded a longer duration of sitting time than lower-income countries (4.9 vs 2.7 h). This study provides an updated collation of countries collecting self-reported sitting time data. The daily sitting time findings should be interpreted cautiously. Current surveillance of sitting time is limited by a lack of coverage. Measures of population sitting time that are valid, feasible and sensitive to change should be embedded within global surveillance systems, to help guide future policy, research and practice. Not applicable.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-11-2015
DOI: 10.1002/PON.4027
Abstract: Few studies have measured the physical activity levels of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) survivors, and no previous studies have measured sedentary behavior levels in this population. This study used accelerometers to measure the physical activity and sedentary time levels of NHL survivors and examined the demographic, behavioral, and medical correlates of these behaviors. A total of 156 NHL survivors (mean age = 64 years) completed a questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days during waking hours. Descriptive statistics were used to describe physical activity and sedentary time levels, and linear regression was used to investigate correlates of these behaviors. Participants averaged 8.6 h of sedentary time per day (60% of their accelerometer wear time), 5.3 h of light-intensity physical activity (37%), and 30 min of moderate-intensity physical activity (3%). Only 12% of the participants accrued the duration of moderate-vigorous physical activity recommended by physical activity guidelines (30 min accrued in bouts of at least 10 min). Female participants, older participants, smokers, and participants with larger waist circumference had lower levels of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Smokers and participants with larger waist circumference also had higher sedentary time levels. The NHL survivors in this study spent the majority of their waking hours sedentary, and few met physical activity guidelines. The results of this study emphasize the need for more research exploring the health consequences of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity in NHL survivors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552084.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 4 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for CRP
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551960.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1D presents dose-response curves for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551948.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2C presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2022
DOI: 10.1002/IJC.33973
Abstract: We examined associations between sex‐specific alcohol intake trajectories and alcohol‐related cancer risk using data from 22 756 women and 15 701 men aged 40 to 69 years at baseline in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Alcohol intake for 10‐year periods from age 20 until the decade encompassing recruitment, calculated using recalled beverage‐specific frequency and quantity, was used to estimate group‐based sex‐specific intake trajectories. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for primary invasive alcohol‐related cancer (upper aerodigestive tract, breast, liver and colorectum). Three distinct alcohol intake trajectories for women ( lifetime abstention , stable light , increasing moderate ) and six for men ( lifetime abstention , stable light , stable moderate , increasing heavy , early decreasing heavy, late decreasing heavy) were identified. 2303 incident alcohol‐related cancers were diagnosed during 485 525 person‐years in women and 789 during 303 218 person‐years in men. For men, compared with lifetime abstention , heavy intake (mean ≥ 60 g/day) at age 20 to 39 followed by either an early (from age 40 to 49) ( early decreasing heavy HR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.25‐2.44) or late decrease (from age 60 to 69) ( late decreasing heavy HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.28‐2.93), and moderate intake (mean g/day) at age 20 to 39 increasing to heavy intake in middle‐age ( increasing heavy HR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.97) were associated with increased risk of alcohol‐related cancer. For women, compared with lifetime abstention , increasing intake from age 20 ( increasing moderate ) was associated with increased alcohol‐related cancer risk (HR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.48). Similar associations were observed for colorectal (men) and breast cancer. Heavy drinking during early adulthood might increase cancer risk later in life.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725306.V1
Abstract: PRISMA flow diagram. This figure incorporates literature search, screening and study selection.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-10-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S00520-014-2453-3
Abstract: Research conducted on the general population indicates self-reported measures of physical activity and sedentary behaviour are inaccurate when compared with objective measures however, it is not clear if this also applies to cancer survivors. In this study, we compared accelerometer-based and self-reported measures of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time among colon cancer survivors. A total of 176 colon cancer survivors, recruited from the Western Australia and Alberta cancer registries, wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer for 7 days and completed self-reported questions about recent MVPA (Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire) and usual sedentary time (Marshall Domain-Specific Sitting Questionnaire). Accelerometer data were processed using 60-s epochs and summarized using Freedson's cut points. Spearman's rho and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess correlation and agreement for daily MVPA and sedentary time estimates from the two methods. Total mean minutes per day spent in MVPA was 12 min based on accelerometer data and 26 min based on self-reported data (P Difference < 0.01). Correlation between the methods was fair (rho = 0.51) however, agreement was poor (ICC = 0.33). Mean daily time spent sedentary was similar in both methods (∼8.5 h) however, both correlation and agreement were poor (rho = 0.19, ICC = 0.16). We found fair correlation but poor agreement between the self-reported and accelerometer-based assessments of MVPA used in this study. For sedentary time, both correlation and agreement between the two methods were poor. Studies of colon cancer survivors using these self-report measures are likely to have a considerable amount of exposure misclassification.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551915.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology for the systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.EJCA.2010.07.028
Abstract: Physical activity is a modifiable lifestyle risk factor that has the potential to reduce the risk of most major cancer sites. We examined the strength, consistency, dose-response and biological plausibility of an association between physical activity and risk of colon, breast, endometrium, lung, prostate, ovarian, gastric, rectal, pancreatic, bladder, testicular, kidney and haematological cancers. We also estimated the population-attributable risk (PAR) for physical inactivity and cancer in 15 European countries. There is convincing or probable evidence for a beneficial effect of physical activity on the risk of colon, breast and endometrial cancers. The evidence is weaker for ovarian, lung and prostate cancers and generally either null or insufficient for all remaining cancers. Several hypothesised biological mechanisms include a likely effect of physical activity on insulin resistance, body composition, sex steroid hormones and a possible effect on vitamin D, adipokines, inflammation and immune function. Somewhere between 165,000 and 330,000 cases of the six major cancers (breast, colon, lung, prostate, endometrium and ovarian) could have been prevented in 2008 in Europe alone if the population had maintained sufficient levels of physical activity. There is strong and consistent evidence that physical activity reduces the risk of several of the major cancer sites, and that between 9% and 19% of cancer cases could be attributed to lack of sufficient physical activity in Europe. Public health recommendations for physical activity and cancer prevention generally suggest 30-60 min of moderate or vigorous-intensity activity done at least 5d per week.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725221.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2D presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354252.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 4 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for CRP
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: JCFCorp SG PTE LTD
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.5993/AJHB.39.1.7
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.MAYOCP.2016.12.015
Abstract: To assess differences in accelerometer-assessed moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity, and sedentary time between cancer survivors and adults without cancer. Accelerometer data collected from 241 breast cancer survivors (ACCEL-Breast study, 2013) and 171 colon cancer survivors (ACCEL-Colon study, 2012-2013) were pooled with data collected from adults without cancer (Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle accelerometer substudy, 2011-2012). Linear regression was used to estimate differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior levels between cancer survivors and adults without cancer, adjusted for potential confounding factors. The mean MVPA was significantly higher among breast cancer survivors than among females who had not had cancer (29 vs 22 min/d P<.001). Colon cancer survivors had significantly lower levels of light activity than did adults without cancer (311 vs 338 min/d P<.001), more sedentary time (532 vs 507 min/d P=.003), and more prolonged sedentary time (210 vs 184 min/d P=.002). Contrary to findings from previous research (based on self-reported physical activity), cancer survivors engaged in more (breast) or equivalent (colon) MVPA compared with adults without cancer. Differences between colon cancer survivors and adults without cancer for light activity and sedentary behavior highlight the importance of considering the full activity spectrum in the context of cancer control.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-10-2010
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725255.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4C presents dose-response curves for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354297.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354184.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for IL-6 and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 08-2023
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.23814635.V1
Abstract: Selected characteristics of the participants.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-04-2019
DOI: 10.1002/CNCR.32143
Abstract: The benefits of an active lifestyle after a breast cancer diagnosis are well recognized, but the majority of survivors are insufficiently active. The ACTIVATE Trial examined the efficacy of an intervention (use of the Garmin Vivofit 2 activity monitor coupled with a behavioral feedback and goal-setting session and 5 telephone-delivered health coaching sessions) to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and reduce sedentary behavior in breast cancer survivors. This randomized controlled trial recruited 83 inactive, postmenopausal women diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer who had completed primary treatment. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group or to the control group, and the intervention was delivered over a 12-week period. MVPA and sedentary behavior were measured with Actigraph and activPAL accelerometers at baseline (T1) and at the end of the intervention (T2). Retention in the trial was high, with 80 (96%) of participants completing T2 data collection. At T2, there was a significant between-group difference in MVPA (69 min/wk 95% CI = 22-116) favoring the intervention group. The trial resulted in a statistically significant decrease in both total sitting time and prolonged bouts (≥20 min) of sitting, with between-group reductions of 37 min/d (95% CI = -72 to -2) and 42 min/d (95% CI = -83 to -2), respectively, favoring the intervention group. Results from the ACTIVATE Trial suggest that the use of wearable technology presents an inexpensive and scalable opportunity to facilitate more active lifestyles for cancer survivors. Whether or not such wearable technology-based interventions can create sustainable behavioral change should be the subject of future research.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-04-2019
DOI: 10.1002/CNCR.32142
Abstract: This brief report examines the maintenance of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior changes approximately 12 weeks after the delivery of the ACTIVATE Trial primary intervention (use of the Garmin Vivofit 2 activity tracker coupled with a behavioral feedback and goal-setting session and 5 telephone-delivered health coaching sessions). We also examine the efficacy of an abridged intervention (use of the Garmin Vivofit 2 only) in the waitlist control group. A pre-post design was employed to examine the secondary aims of the ACTIVATE Trial (n = 80 mean age = 62 years). MVPA and sedentary behavior were measured using Actigraph and activPAL accelerometers after delivery of the primary intervention (T2), and again 12 weeks later (T3). Linear mixed models with random effects were used to examine within-group changes in MVPA and sitting time variables. After the 12-week follow-up period, women in the primary intervention group had maintained their higher levels of MVPA (change from T2 to T3 = 14 min/wk 95% CI = -18 to 46 P = .37). However, their sitting time increased slightly, by 7 min/d (95% CI = -20 to 34 P = .58), but it did not return to its preintervention level. After receiving the Garmin Vivofit 2, the waitlist control group increased their MVPA by 33 min/wk (95% CI = 3-64 P = .03) and reduced their sitting time by 38 min/d (95% CI = -69 to -7 P = .02) over the same 12-week period. The secondary outcomes from the ACTIVATE Trial suggest that wearable technology may generate sustainable changes in MVPA and sitting time. Wearable technology alone may be sufficient to change behavior, at least in the short term.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-12-2019
DOI: 10.1002/IJC.32786
Abstract: Men with prostate cancer experience side effects for which a supportive social environment may be beneficial. We examined the association between four measures of social connectedness and mortality after a prostate cancer diagnosis. Male participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study in 1990-1994, who developed incident prostate cancer and attended follow-up in 2003-2007, were eligible for the study. Information on social connectedness, collected at follow-up, included (i) living arrangement (ii) frequency of visits to friends/relatives and (iii) from friends/relatives (iv) weekly hours of social activities. A total of 1,421 prostate cancer cases was observed (338 all-cause deaths, 113 from prostate cancer), including 867 after follow-up (150 all-cause deaths, 55 from prostate cancer) and 554 before follow-up (188 all-cause deaths, 58 from prostate cancer). Cox models stratified by tumour Gleason score and stage, and sequentially adjusted for socioeconomic, health- and lifestyle-related confounders, were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between social connectedness and all-cause mortality after prostate cancer. Men who reported living alone before diagnosis had higher overall mortality (HR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0-2.5), after adjustment for socioeconomic, health and lifestyle confounders. Lower mortality was observed for men with more social activities (p-trend = 0.07), but not in comprehensively adjusted models. Consistent with these findings, men living alone after prostate cancer diagnosis had higher mortality (HR = 1.3, 95% CI: 0.9-1.9). Lower mortality was observed with increasing socializing hours in the age-adjusted model (p-trend = 0.06) but not after more comprehensive adjustment. Our findings suggest that living with someone, but not other aspects of social connectedness, may be associated with decreased mortality for men with prostate cancer.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354193.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725246.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5B presents forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725200.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6B presents findings of in idual randomised cross-over studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551924.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5B presents forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 21-12-2017
DOI: 10.1136/HEARTJNL-2017-312251
Abstract: Most studies investigating the association between resting heart rate (RHR) and mortality have focused on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and measured RHR at only one time point. We aimed to assess associations of RHR and changes in RHR over approximately a decade with overall and cause-specific mortality. We used data from participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study with RHR measures at baseline (1990–1994 n=41 386 9846 deaths) and at follow-up (2003–2007 n=21 692 2818 deaths). RHR measures were taken by trained staff, using Dinamap monitors. Cox models were used to estimate HR and 95% CI for the associations between RHR and mortality. Vital status and cause of death were ascertained until August 2015 and December 2013, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, including blood pressure and known medical conditions but not arrhythmias or atrial fibrillation, RHR was associated with a higher risk of death of similar magnitude for CVD (HR per 10 beats per minute (bpm)=1.11, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.16), cancer (HR=1.10, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.13) and other causes (HR=1.20, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.25). Higher mortality was observed for most cancer sites, including breast (HR=1.16, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.31), colorectal (HR=1.18, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.29), kidney (HR=1.27, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.57) and lung cancer (HR=1.19, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.29). Temporal increases in RHR were associated with higher mortality, particularly for in iduals whose RHR increased by more than 15 bpm. RHR and changes in RHR over a decade are associated with mortality risk, including from causes other than CVD such as breast, colorectal or lung cancer. Monitoring of RHR may have utility in identifying in iduals at higher mortality risk.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 09-09-2019
DOI: 10.1101/762484
Abstract: Physical activity has been associated with lower risks of breast and colorectal cancer in epidemiological studies however, it is unknown if these associations are causal or confounded. In two-s le Mendelian randomization analyses, using summary genetic data from the UK Biobank and GWA consortia, we found that a one standard deviation increment in average acceleration was associated with lower risks of breast cancer (odds ratio [OR]: 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42 to 0.84, P-value=0.003) and colorectal cancer (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.82, P-value=2*E -4 ). We found similar magnitude inverse associations by breast cancer subtype and by colorectal cancer anatomical site. Our results support a potentially causal relationship between higher physical activity levels and lower risks of breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Based on these data, the promotion of physical activity is probably an effective strategy in the primary prevention of these commonly diagnosed cancers. Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer / World Health Organization, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer / World Health Organization.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354264.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2D presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551936.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4B presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354208
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354205
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-02-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S10552-022-01559-W
Abstract: High-grade disease accounts for ~ 70% of all glioma, and has a high mortality rate. Few modifiable exposures are known to be related to glioma risk or mortality. We examined associations between lifetime physical activity and physical activity at different ages (15–18 years, 19–29 years, 30–39 years, last 10 years) with the risk of glioma diagnosis, using data from a hospital-based family case–control study (495 cases 371 controls). We followed up cases over a median of 25 months to examine whether physical activity was associated with all-cause mortality. Physical activity and potential confounders were assessed by self-administered questionnaire. We examined associations between physical activity (metabolic equivalent [MET]-h/wk) and glioma risk using unconditional logistic regression and with all-cause mortality in cases using Cox regression. We noted a reduced risk of glioma for the highest (≥ 47 MET-h/wk) versus lowest ( 24 METh/wk) category of physical activity for lifetime activity (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38–0.89) and at 15–18 years (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39–0.83). We did not observe any association between physical activity and all-cause mortality (HR for lifetime physical activity = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.64–1.29). Our findings are consistent with previous research that suggested physical activity during adolescence might be protective against glioma. Engaging in physical activity during adolescence has many health benefits this health behavior may also offer protection against glioma.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-03-2008
DOI: 10.1002/CNCR.23300
Abstract: Psychological distress in cancer survivors can be detrimental to treatment adherence and self-care tasks and is associated with poor health behaviors and decreased overall quality of life. The prevalence, course, and predictors of psychological distress after the diagnosis of colorectal cancer are to date not well described. A prospective survey of 1822 colorectal cancer patients was undertaken assessing psychological distress and hypothesized predictors including optimism, cancer threat appraisal, social support, and physical activity at 6 and 12 months postdiagnosis. Logistic regression identified correlates of psychological distress at 12 months postdiagnosis. The prevalence of global psychological distress was low: 8.3% and 6.7% at 6 and 12 months postdiagnosis, respectively. When baseline measures of independent variables were included in a logistic regression model, distress at 6 months postdiagnosis (odds ratio [OR]=10.84), comorbidities (OR=1.64), optimism (OR=0.93), cancer threat appraisal (OR=0.92), and social support (OR=0.94) were significantly associated with distress at 12 months postdiagnosis. A second logistic regression model that included concurrent measures of cancer threat appraisal, social support, and physical activity found that distress at 6 months postdiagnosis (OR=12.49), comorbidities (OR=1.64), optimism (OR=0.94), and concurrent cancer threat appraisal (OR=0.85) were significantly associated with distress at 12 months postdiagnosis. Distress screening at regular intervals is needed to efficiently detect colorectal cancer patients who require in-depth psychological intervention. Threat appraisal is a modifiable variable that should be included in interventions for colorectal cancer survivors. Further research is needed to investigate the potential for physical activity to reduce distress after cancer.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1753-6405.2008.00312.X
Abstract: How cancer adversely affects an in idual's work role is an understudied survivorship issue. There are no Australian studies quantifying work participation after cancer or the potential barriers to work continuance. Using a large, population-based cohort of working adults with colorectal cancer, we assessed changes in work participation separately for men (n=621) and women (n=354). Telephone survey methods collected data on colorectal cancer survivors identified through the Queensland Cancer Registry. Status at baseline and one-year post-diagnosis were described, and logistic regression models assessed correlates of work cessation. Among working adults who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer, 33% of men and 40% of women were not working at one-year post-diagnosis. Radiation therapy among men (OR=2.55, 95%CI: 1.35-4.83) and chemotherapy among women (OR=2.49, 95% Cl: 1.23-5.04) were associated with a higher prevalence of work cessation. Having private health insurance was linked with resuming work for both men and women. A large proportion of working men and women leave the workforce by 12 months following a diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Factors correlated with work cessation after colorectal cancer appear different for men and women. A better understanding of how cancer affects working adults and contributes to unwanted work cessation is required to identify in iduals who may benefit from occupational rehabilitation programs.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354202
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1C present forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies that had a moderate risk of bias
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725257.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6660307
Abstract: Abstract Physical activity may reduce the risk of developing breast cancer via its effect on the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system. A systematic review searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT), Mendelian randomization and prospective cohort studies that examined the effects of physical activity on insulin/IGF signaling [IGFs, their binding proteins (IGFBP), and markers of insulin resistance] in adult women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system used to determine the overall quality of the evidence. Fifty-eight RCTs met our inclusion criteria, no observational or Mendelian randomization studies met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analyses indicated that physical activity interventions (vs. control) reduced fasting insulin, the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance and fasting glucose. Physical activity increased IGF-1, but there was no clear effect on IGFBP-3 or the ratio of IGF-1:IGFBP-3. Strong evidence was only established for fasting insulin and insulin resistance. Further research is needed to examine the effect of physical activity on C-peptide and HBA1c in women. Reductions in fasting insulin and insulin resistance following exercise suggest some biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity–insulin/IGF signaling–breast cancer pathway. i a href="ebp/article/doi/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0505" target="_blank" See related article by Drummond et al., p. 2116 /a /i /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552111
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics for parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725197.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6C presents findings of in idual non-randomised interventions
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-05-2011
DOI: 10.1007/S10549-011-1559-2
Abstract: Physical activity reduces the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer through multiple inter-related biologic mechanisms sedentary time may contribute additionally to this risk. We examined cross-sectional associations of objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary time with established biomarkers of breast cancer risk in a population-based s le of postmenopausal women. Accelerometer, anthropometric and laboratory data were available for 1,024 (n = 443 fasting) postmenopausal women in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006. Associations of quartiles of the accelerometer variables (moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity, light-intensity activity and sedentary time per day average length of active and sedentary bouts) with the continuous biomarkers were assessed using linear regression models. Following adjustment for potential confounders, including sedentary time, moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity had significant (P < 0.05), inverse associations with all biomarker outcomes (body mass index, waist circumference, C-reactive protein, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance). Light-intensity activity and sedentary time were significantly associated in fully adjusted models with all biomarkers except fasting glucose. Active bout length was associated with a smaller waist circumference and lower C-reactive protein levels, while sedentary bout length was associated with a higher BMI. The associations of objectively assessed moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity with breast cancer biomarkers are consistent with the established beneficial effects of self-reported exercise on breast cancer risk. Our findings further suggest that light-intensity activity may have a protective effect, and that sedentary time may independently contribute to breast cancer risk.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725212.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3C present the risk of bias for the prospective cohort study, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-07-2011
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354243
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6B presents findings of in idual randomised cross-over studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354240
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6C presents findings of in idual non-randomised interventions
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725194
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6D presents findings of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725197
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6C presents findings of in idual non-randomised interventions
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354237
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6D presents findings of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354208.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6660319.V1
Abstract: Abstract Perturbation of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system is often cited as a mechanism driving breast cancer risk. A systematic review identified prospective cohort studies and Mendelian randomization studies that examined the effects of insulin/IGF signaling (IGF, their binding proteins (IGFBP), and markers of insulin resistance] on breast cancer risk. Meta-analyses generated effect estimates risk of bias was assessed and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system applied to evaluate the overall quality of the evidence. Four Mendelian randomization and 19 prospective cohort studies met our inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of cohort studies confirmed that higher IGF-1 increased risk of breast cancer this finding was supported by the Mendelian randomization studies. IGFBP-3 did not affect breast cancer. Meta analyses for connecting-peptide and fasting insulin showed small risk increases, but confidence intervals were wide and crossed the null. The quality of evidence obtained ranged from ‘very low’ to ‘moderate’. There were insufficient studies to examine other markers of insulin/IGF signaling. These findings do not strongly support the biological plausibility of the second part of the physical activity—insulin/IGF signaling system—breast cancer pathway. Robust conclusions cannot be drawn due to the dearth of high quality studies. i a href="ebp/article/doi/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0504" target="_blank" See related article by Swain et al., p. 2106 /a /i /
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-09-2021
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/DYAB181
Abstract: Questions remain about the effect on mortality of physical activity and sedentary behaviour over time. We summarized the evidence from studies that assessed exposure from multiple time points and critiqued the analytic approaches used. A search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, Scopus and Web of Science up to January 2021 for studies of repeatedly assessed physical activity or sedentary behaviour in relation to all-cause or cause-specific mortality. Relative risks from in idual studies were extracted. Each study was assessed for risk of bias from multiple domains. We identified 64 eligible studies (57 on physical activity, 6 on sedentary behaviour, 1 on both). Cox regression with a time-fixed exposure history (n = 45) or time-varying covariates (n = 13) were the most frequently used methods. Only four studies used g-methods, which are designed to adjust for time-varying confounding. Risk of bias arose primarily from inadequate adjustment for time-varying confounders, participant selection, exposure classification and changes from measured exposure. Despite heterogeneity in methods, most studies found that being consistently or increasingly active over adulthood was associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular-disease mortality compared with being always inactive. Few studies examined physical-activity changes and cancer mortality or effects of sedentary-behaviour changes on mortality outcomes. Accumulating more evidence using longitudinal data while addressing the methodological challenges would provide greater insight into the health effects of initiating or maintaining a more active and less sedentary lifestyle.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552108
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of randomised cross-over trials
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725234.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology for the systematic review
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552123
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552120
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by exercise type
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 06-2014
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 03-08-2017
DOI: 10.1111/ECC.12744
Abstract: Financial hardship may affect up to 30% of cancer survivors, however, little research has addressed the effect of employment change on financial hardship. This study compared the self-reported financial hardship of middle-aged (45-64 years) colorectal cancer survivors (n = 187) at 6 and 12 months following diagnosis with that of a matched general population group (n = 355). Colorectal cancer survivors were recruited through the Queensland Cancer Registry, Australia data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey were used for the general population group. Pearson chi-square tests were used to assess the differences in proportions between the two groups and McNemar tests to assess differences across time among the same group. Generalised linear modelling was performed to produce prevalence ratios. A higher proportion of workers with colorectal cancer reported financial strain (money shortage for living essentials) at 6 months (15%) but eased and was comparable to the comparison group at 12 months (7%). Middle-aged working cancer survivors who ceased or reduced work were more likely to report not being financially comfortable, compared with those who had continued work (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.66, 95%CI: 1.12, 2.44) at 12 months. Health professionals, employers and government services should address the impact of impaired employment on financial hardship among cancer survivors.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725245.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551969.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 31-12-2018
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 21-08-2023
DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.17.23294088
Abstract: Exercise may prevent the progression of liver disease and protect against liver cancer. This review with meta-analysis synthesised the evidence from both human and animal studies to better understand whether exercise has the capacity to (i) promote regression of early fibrosis (ii) decrease and/or delay progression to cirrhosis and (iii) progression to carcinoma. A systematic search was performed to identify studies comprising of humans and animals with liver disease that compared exercise to an inactive or less active control. Outcomes included liver disease regression and progression, and markers of liver function and damage. We found 18 human and 29 animal studies. A single study provided direct evidence that exercise can reverse NAFLD and decrease progression to cirrhosis. Meta-analysis of human studies identified decreases in liver enzymes ALT (SMD = -0.28, 95%CI = -0.53, -0.03), AST (SMD = -0.12, 95%CI = -0.32, 0.07), GGT (SMD = -0.23, 95%CI = -0.36, -0.10), as well as a small increase in ALP (SMD = 0.23, 95%CI = -0.13, 0.59), and liver triglycerides (SMD = -0.24, 95%CI = -0.66, 0.18). Meta-analysis of animal studies identified decreases in liver enzymes ALT (SMD = -2.85, 95%CI = -4.55, -1.14), AST (SMD = -2.85, 95%CI = -4.55, -1.14), and liver triglycerides (SMD = -1.36, 95%CI = -2.08, -0.65), liver weight (SMD = -1.94, 95%CI = -2.78, - 1.10), and the NAFLD activity score (SMD = -1.36, 95%CI = -2.08, -0.65). Only one study provided direct evidence that exercise has the capacity to regress early fibrosis, as well as delay the progression to cirrhosis. Several studies, however, indicate that exercise intervention reduce markers of liver function and damage.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1039/B008061F
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354276.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology used in the systematic review
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552117
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4 presents funnel plots for physical activity to inflammatory biomarkers meta-analyses
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552114
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology used in the systematic review
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552114.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology used in the systematic review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-07-2014
DOI: 10.1007/S10552-014-0433-Z
Abstract: Sedentary behavior has been previously shown, in a cross-sectional study, to have deleterious associations with biomarkers of postmenopausal breast cancer risk. We examined the associations of change in sedentary behavior [daily television (TV) viewing time, h/day] over a 5-year period with putative markers of postmenopausal breast cancer risk. The analytic cohort consisted of 1,001 postmenopausal women from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study (1999-2005). Multivariate linear regression models were used to examine associations of change in TV viewing time with biomarkers of the following risk mechanisms: adiposity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference) metabolic dysfunction (fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)]) and inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)). All analyses were adjusted for age, baseline TV viewing, and potential confounders. Hourly increments of change in TV viewing time were positively associated with BMI (β = 0.50, 95% CI 0.20, 0.81 p = 0.001), waist circumference (β = 1.18, 95% CI 0.49, 1.87 p = 0.001), fasting insulin (β = 38.13%, 95% CI 37.08, 39.20 p = 0.01) and HOMA-IR (β = 37.93%, 95% CI 36.92, 38.98 p = 0.03) in fully adjusted models. Significant associations with BMI, waist circumference, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were also present in analyses using categories of change in TV viewing time (reduced, same, increased). The findings suggest that increasing habitual sedentary behavior over time could increase breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women. Further investigation into the role of sedentary behavior in breast cancer etiology is warranted.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354267
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2C presents the study characteristics for non-randomised interventions
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 06-2007
DOI: 10.1007/BF02872668
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354145
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3 presents the risk of bias assessment, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354264
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2D presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354261
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3A presents the risk of bias for randomised controlled and randomised cross-over trials, using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354258
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3B presents the risk of bias for non-randomised interventions, using the ROBINS-I
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2003
DOI: 10.1093/HER/CYF032
Abstract: This report describes spectator recall of SunSmart skin cancer prevention advertising displayed on the Brisbane Cricket Ground scoreboard at intermittent periods throughout the 1999/2000 cricket season and the sun-protective behaviors of these spectators. Two hundred and thirty-one spectators were asked a series of five questions about their recall of SunSmart advertising and their present sunscreen usage. Respondents' sun-protective behavior observed at the time of questioning was also recorded. The SunSmart advertising was seen by 15.6% of respondents. Recall of the SunSmart advertising was higher amongst spectators observed to have high levels of sun protection than amongst spectators with low levels of sun protection. Females were more likely than males to recall the SunSmart advertising. The efficacy of health-promoting advertising in the sports setting has yet to be established and therefore results cannot be compared against accepted benchmarks. This study contributes baseline data that will enable such comparisons to be made. The increase in recent years of health-promoting advertising at sports events, often as part of a comprehensive sponsorship program, necessitates the need for further research in this area.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6491033.V3
Abstract: Abstract This review synthesized and appraised the evidence for an effect of inflammation on breast cancer risk. Systematic searches identified prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies relevant to this review. Meta-analysis of 13 biomarkers of inflammation were conducted to appraise the evidence for an effect breast cancer risk we examined the dose–response of these associations. Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-E tool and the quality of evidence was appraised with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Thirty-four observational studies and three Mendelian randomization studies were included. Meta-analysis suggested that women with the highest levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) had a higher risk of developing breast cancer [risk ratio (RR) = 1.13 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.26] compared with women with the lowest levels. Women with highest levels of adipokines, particularly adiponectin (RR = 0.76 95% CI, 0.61–0.91) had a reduced breast cancer risk, although this finding was not supported by Mendelian randomization analysis. There was little evidence of an effect of cytokines, including TNFα and IL6, on breast cancer risk. The quality of evidence for each biomarker ranged from very low to moderate. Beyond CRP, the published data do not clearly support the role of inflammation in the development of breast cancer. /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6491033.V2
Abstract: Abstract This review synthesized and appraised the evidence for an effect of inflammation on breast cancer risk. Systematic searches identified prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies relevant to this review. Meta-analysis of 13 biomarkers of inflammation were conducted to appraise the evidence for an effect breast cancer risk we examined the dose–response of these associations. Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-E tool and the quality of evidence was appraised with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Thirty-four observational studies and three Mendelian randomization studies were included. Meta-analysis suggested that women with the highest levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) had a higher risk of developing breast cancer [risk ratio (RR) = 1.13 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.26] compared with women with the lowest levels. Women with highest levels of adipokines, particularly adiponectin (RR = 0.76 95% CI, 0.61–0.91) had a reduced breast cancer risk, although this finding was not supported by Mendelian randomization analysis. There was little evidence of an effect of cytokines, including TNFα and IL6, on breast cancer risk. The quality of evidence for each biomarker ranged from very low to moderate. Beyond CRP, the published data do not clearly support the role of inflammation in the development of breast cancer. i a href="ebp/article/doi/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0928" target="_blank" See related article by XXXX et al., p. 000 /a /i /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6491033.V1
Abstract: Abstract This review synthesized and appraised the evidence for an effect of inflammation on breast cancer risk. Systematic searches identified prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies relevant to this review. Meta-analysis of 13 biomarkers of inflammation were conducted to appraise the evidence for an effect breast cancer risk we examined the dose–response of these associations. Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-E tool and the quality of evidence was appraised with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Thirty-four observational studies and three Mendelian randomization studies were included. Meta-analysis suggested that women with the highest levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) had a higher risk of developing breast cancer [risk ratio (RR) = 1.13 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.26] compared with women with the lowest levels. Women with highest levels of adipokines, particularly adiponectin (RR = 0.76 95% CI, 0.61–0.91) had a reduced breast cancer risk, although this finding was not supported by Mendelian randomization analysis. There was little evidence of an effect of cytokines, including TNFα and IL6, on breast cancer risk. The quality of evidence for each biomarker ranged from very low to moderate. Beyond CRP, the published data do not clearly support the role of inflammation in the development of breast cancer. i a href="ebp/article/doi/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0928" target="_blank" See related article by XXXX et al., p. 000 /a /i /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725294.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: F1000 Research Ltd
Date: 06-06-2022
DOI: 10.12688/F1000RESEARCH.122185.1
Abstract: Background: The mitigation of unfair and avoidable differences in health is an increasing global priority. Observational studies including cohort, cross-sectional and case-control studies tend to report social determinants of health which could inform evidence syntheses on health equity and social justice. However, the extent of reporting and analysis of equity in equity-relevant observational studies is unknown. Methods: We define studies which report outcomes for populations at risk of experiencing inequities as “equity-relevant”. Using a random s ling technique we will identify 320 equity-relevant observational studies published between 1 January 2020 to 27 April 2022 by searching the MEDLINE database. We will stratify s ling by 1) studies in high-income countries (HIC) and low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) according to the World Bank classification, 2) studies focused on COVID and those which are not, 3) studies focused on populations at risk of experiencing inequities and those on general populations that stratify their analyses. We will use the PROGRESS framework which stands for place of residence, race or ethnicity, occupation, gender or sex, religion, education, socioeconomic status, social capital, to identify dimensions where inequities may exist. Using a previously developed data extraction form we will pilot-test on eligible studies and revise as applicable. Conclusions: The proposed methodological assessment of reporting will allow us to systematically understand the current reporting and analysis practices for health equity in observational studies. The findings of this study will help inform the development of the equity extension for the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology) reporting guidelines.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552081.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 5 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for IL-6
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551957.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1E presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of CRP and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725236.V1
Abstract: GRADE appraisal for physical activity–inflammatory biomarkers pathways.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-09-2016
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354243.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6B presents findings of in idual randomised cross-over studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354255
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3C present the risk of bias for the prospective cohort study, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6660307.V1
Abstract: Abstract Physical activity may reduce the risk of developing breast cancer via its effect on the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system. A systematic review searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT), Mendelian randomization and prospective cohort studies that examined the effects of physical activity on insulin/IGF signaling [IGFs, their binding proteins (IGFBP), and markers of insulin resistance] in adult women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system used to determine the overall quality of the evidence. Fifty-eight RCTs met our inclusion criteria, no observational or Mendelian randomization studies met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analyses indicated that physical activity interventions (vs. control) reduced fasting insulin, the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance and fasting glucose. Physical activity increased IGF-1, but there was no clear effect on IGFBP-3 or the ratio of IGF-1:IGFBP-3. Strong evidence was only established for fasting insulin and insulin resistance. Further research is needed to examine the effect of physical activity on C-peptide and HBA1c in women. Reductions in fasting insulin and insulin resistance following exercise suggest some biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity–insulin/IGF signaling–breast cancer pathway. i a href="ebp/article/doi/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0505" target="_blank" See related article by Drummond et al., p. 2116 /a /i /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354252
Abstract: Supplementary Table 4 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for CRP
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.C.6660319
Abstract: Abstract Perturbation of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system is often cited as a mechanism driving breast cancer risk. A systematic review identified prospective cohort studies and Mendelian randomization studies that examined the effects of insulin/IGF signaling (IGF, their binding proteins (IGFBP), and markers of insulin resistance] on breast cancer risk. Meta-analyses generated effect estimates risk of bias was assessed and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system applied to evaluate the overall quality of the evidence. Four Mendelian randomization and 19 prospective cohort studies met our inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of cohort studies confirmed that higher IGF-1 increased risk of breast cancer this finding was supported by the Mendelian randomization studies. IGFBP-3 did not affect breast cancer. Meta analyses for connecting-peptide and fasting insulin showed small risk increases, but confidence intervals were wide and crossed the null. The quality of evidence obtained ranged from ‘very low’ to ‘moderate’. There were insufficient studies to examine other markers of insulin/IGF signaling. These findings do not strongly support the biological plausibility of the second part of the physical activity—insulin/IGF signaling system—breast cancer pathway. Robust conclusions cannot be drawn due to the dearth of high quality studies. i a href="ebp/article/doi/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0504" target="_blank" See related article by Swain et al., p. 2106 /a /i /
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-02-2014
DOI: 10.1038/BJC.2014.106
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354151.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics of the Mendelian randomization studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354249
Abstract: Supplementary Table 5 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for IL-6
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354246
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6A presents findings of in idual parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725258.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4B presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 17-09-190728635
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354160
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5C presents dose-response curves for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 08-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-08-2019
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 03-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0928
Abstract: The protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer incidence may partially be mediated by inflammation. Systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus were performed to identify intervention studies, Mendelian randomization studies, and prospective cohort studies that examined the effects of physical activity on circulating inflammatory biomarkers in adult women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was used to determine the overall quality of the evidence. Thirty-five intervention studies and one observational study met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicated that, compared with control groups, exercise interventions reduced levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.62 to 0.08), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα, SMD = −0.63, 95% CI = −1.04 to −0.22), interleukin-6 (IL6, SMD = −0.55, 95% CI = −0.97 to −0.13) and leptin (SMD = −0.50, 95% CI = −1.10 to 0.09). Owing to heterogeneity in effect estimates and imprecision, evidence strength was graded as low (CRP, leptin) or moderate (TNFα and IL6). High-quality evidence indicated that exercise did not change adiponectin levels (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI = −0.14 to 0.17). These findings provide support for the biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity—inflammation—breast cancer pathway.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354288
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354166
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5A presents the forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551912.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics of the Mendelian randomization studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354285
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354163
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5B presents forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354288.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354282
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354175.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4B presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-08-2018
DOI: 10.1007/S13668-018-0234-1
Abstract: This review provides an up-to-date overview of the evidence relating to how physical inactivity ameliorates cancer-related fatigue. A summary of the postulated biological mechanisms underpinning the relationship is presented. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses synthesising the results of randomised controlled trials of physical activity interventions to reduce fatigue broadly conclude that aerobic and combination exercise may be the most helpful, while resistance training alone is less efficacious. Further, light- and moderate-intensity physical activity interventions appeared to reduce fatigue, whereas vigorous-intensity activity may exacerbate the condition. Physical activity interventions result in greater reductions in cancer-related fatigue when delivered post-treatment. Biological mechanisms that may explain how physical activity can improve different elements of cancer-related fatigue include inflammation the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and circadian rhythm dysregulation serotonin dysregulation and alterations in ATP and muscle metabolism. Physical activity is well tolerated by cancer survivors and results in modest improvements in cancer-related fatigue. Much of the research in this field has been from small-scale feasibility trials. In order to help clinicians and allied health professionals tailor exercise prescriptions to in idual needs, further research is required. New trials in this field should implement rigorous inclusion criteria, be fully powered to detect effects in sub-group analyses, incorporate multiple sites, and have well-defined control conditions. There is also a need to better understand how physical activity affects different subtypes of cancer-related fatigue.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-2017
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551945.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for IL-6 and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354279
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4 presents funnel plots for physical activity to inflammatory biomarkers meta-analyses
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 03-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0929
Abstract: This review synthesized and appraised the evidence for an effect of inflammation on breast cancer risk. Systematic searches identified prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies relevant to this review. Meta-analysis of 13 biomarkers of inflammation were conducted to appraise the evidence for an effect breast cancer risk we examined the dose–response of these associations. Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-E tool and the quality of evidence was appraised with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Thirty-four observational studies and three Mendelian randomization studies were included. Meta-analysis suggested that women with the highest levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) had a higher risk of developing breast cancer [risk ratio (RR) = 1.13 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.26] compared with women with the lowest levels. Women with highest levels of adipokines, particularly adiponectin (RR = 0.76 95% CI, 0.61–0.91) had a reduced breast cancer risk, although this finding was not supported by Mendelian randomization analysis. There was little evidence of an effect of cytokines, including TNFα and IL6, on breast cancer risk. The quality of evidence for each biomarker ranged from very low to moderate. Beyond CRP, the published data do not clearly support the role of inflammation in the development of breast cancer.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2900
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552093.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3A presents the risk of bias for randomised controlled and randomised cross-over trials, using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 11-2010
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0815
Abstract: Background: Sedentary behavior (prolonged sitting or reclining characterized by low energy expenditure) is associated with adverse cardiometabolic profiles and premature cardiovascular mortality. Less is known for cancer risk. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the research on sedentary behavior and cancer, to summarize possible biological pathways that may underlie these associations, and to propose an agenda for future research. Methods: Articles pertaining to sedentary behavior and (a) cancer outcomes and (b) mechanisms that may underlie the associations between sedentary behavior and cancer were retrieved using Ovid and Web of Science databases. Results: The literature review identified 18 articles pertaining to sedentary behavior and cancer risk, or to sedentary behavior and health outcomes in cancer survivors. Ten of these studies found statistically significant, positive associations between sedentary behavior and cancer outcomes. Sedentary behavior was associated with increased colorectal, endometrial, ovarian, and prostate cancer risk cancer mortality in women and weight gain in colorectal cancer survivors. The review of the literature on sedentary behavior and biological pathways supported the hypothesized role of adiposity and metabolic dysfunction as mechanisms operant in the association between sedentary behavior and cancer. Conclusions: Sedentary behavior is ubiquitous in contemporary society its role in relation to cancer risk should be a research priority. Improving conceptualization and measurement of sedentary behavior is necessary to enhance validity of future work. Impact: Reducing sedentary behavior may be a viable new cancer control strategy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 19(11) 2691–709. ©2010 AACR.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2009
DOI: 10.1002/PON.1388
Abstract: The present study prospectively assessed the influence of medical, socio-demographic, psychological, and lifestyle variables on physical, social/family, emotional, functional well-being and colorectal cancer-specific concerns in a population-based s le of colorectal cancer survivors. Participants (n=1822) were assessed at 6 and 24 months post-diagnosis. Predictor variables assessed at 6 months included socio-demographic and medical variables, symptoms/side-effects, body mass index, physical activity, optimism, social support, and cancer threat appraisal. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed at 6 and 24 months post-diagnosis using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Colorectal (FACT-C). For each QOL subscale and for the overall FACT-C scale, 6 month scores were the strongest predictor of QOL scores at 24 months post-diagnosis (e.g. beta=0.447, p < 0.001 for overall QOL). Socio-demographic, medical, and psychosocial variables, but not lifestyle variables, differentially predicted domain specific QOL. Only cancer threat appraisal was associated with all five QOL domains. Cancer threat appraisal presents as a potentially modifiable variable for interventions seeking to improve QOL. Symptom management and lifestyle strategies to ameliorate the effects of co-morbidities, disease stage and troublesome symptoms such as faecal incontinence on QOL should also be included.
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 2020
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 2020
Abstract: Background : It is not always clear whether physical activity is causally related to health outcomes, or whether the associations are induced through confounding or other biases. Randomized controlled trials of physical activity are not feasible when outcomes of interest are rare or develop over many years. Thus, we need methods to improve causal inference in observational physical activity studies. Methods : We outline a range of approaches that can improve causal inference in observational physical activity research, and also discuss the impact of measurement error on results and methods to minimize this. Results : Key concepts and methods described include directed acyclic graphs, quantitative bias analysis, Mendelian randomization, and potential outcomes approaches which include propensity scores, g methods, and causal mediation. Conclusions : We provide a brief overview of some contemporary epidemiological methods that are beginning to be used in physical activity research. Adoption of these methods will help build a stronger body of evidence for the health benefits of physical activity.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 21-06-2019
DOI: 10.1101/674820
Abstract: Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer worldwide, but there is substantial geographical variation suggesting a potential role for modifiable risk factors in prostate carcinogenesis. We identified previously reported prostate cancer risk factors from the World Cancer Research Fund’s (WCRF) systematic appraisal of the global evidence (2018). We assessed whether each identified risk factor was causally associated with risk of overall (79,148 cases and 61,106 controls) or aggressive (15,167 cases and 58,308 controls) prostate cancer using Mendelian randomization (MR) based on genome wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from the PRACTICAL and GAME-ON/ELLIPSE consortia. We assessed evidence for replication in UK Biobank (7,844 prostate cancer cases and 204,001 controls). WCRF identified 57 potential risk factors, of which 22 could be instrumented for MR analyses using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In MR analyses for overall prostate cancer, we identified evidence compatible with causality for the following risk factors (odds ratio [OR] per standard deviation increase 95% confidence interval): accelerometer-measured physical-activity, OR=0.49 (0.33-0.72 p=0.0003) serum iron, OR=0.92 (0.86-0.98 p=0.007) body mass index (BMI), OR=0.90 (0.84-0.97 p=0.003) and mono-unsaturated fat, OR=1.11 (1.02-1.20 p=0.02). Findings in our replication analyses in UK Biobank were compatible with our main analyses (albeit with wide confidence intervals). In MR analysis, height was positively associated with aggressive prostate cancer risk: OR=1.07 (1.01-1.15 p=0.03). The results for physical-activity, serum iron, BMI, mono-unsaturated fat and height are compatible with causality for prostate cancer but more research is needed to rule out violations of MR assumptions for some risk factors. The results suggest that interventions aimed at increasing physical activity may reduce prostate cancer risk, but the direction of effects of BMI, and iron are at odds with their effects on other diseases, so the overall public health impact of intervening on these need to be considered. World Cancer Research Fund International (2015/1421), Cancer Research UK program grant (C18281/A19169), National Institute for Health Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, and Victorian Cancer Agency (MCRF18005).
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354270
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of randomised cross-over trials
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.2217/WHE.11.75
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354157
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of adiponectin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 29-06-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-2354.2010.01205.X
Abstract: Physical activity is well-established on the cancer survivorship research agenda, but prostate cancer survivors remain an understudied population. Additionally, the unique relationships between sedentary time and health outcomes have not yet been considered in this group. We examined the associations of accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary time with waist circumference in 103 prostate cancer survivors from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004 and 2005-2006. Participants wore an Actigraph accelerometer for 7 days, and activity levels were summarised as moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity (accelerometer counts/minute ≥ 1952), light-intensity activity (counts/minute 100-1951) and sedentary time (counts/minute < 100). Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity was inversely associated with waist circumference (β=-6.728, 95% CI: -12.267, -1.190, P= 0.020), equating to a top versus bottom quartile difference of 13.7 cm. No discernable relationship existed between light-intensity activity or sedentary time and adiposity. This is the first study to objectively measure the activity levels of prostate cancer survivors. Increasing moderate-to-vigorous activity may assist this population with weight management. More research into the relationships of light-intensity physical activity and sedentary behaviour with health outcomes among prostate cancer survivors is warranted, given the strong relationships seen in the broader population.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354276
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology used in the systematic review
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354154
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology for the systematic review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-11-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S00520-015-3011-3
Abstract: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior may influence the physical and mental health of breast cancer survivors however, few studies have objectively measured these behaviors in this population. We used accelerometers to measure the PA and sedentary time levels of breast cancer survivors and examined the demographic, behavioral, and medical correlates of these behaviors using two complementary approaches. A total of 259 breast cancer survivors wore an accelerometer for 7 days during waking hours and completed a questionnaire. We used linear regression and classification trees to investigate correlates of PA and sedentary time. The breast cancer survivors in this study (mean age = 61 years, mean time since diagnosis = 3 years) were sedentary for a daily average of 8.2 h, in light-intensity PA for 5.8 h and in moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) for 32 min, with 16 % meeting PA guidelines. Participants with high comorbidity were the least likely to be meeting guidelines (0 %), while a subgroup of participants with no/low comorbidity, a university degree, and higher levels of pre-diagnosis MVPA were the most likely to be meeting guidelines (47 %). Older participants (70+ years) were the most likely to have sedentary time levels at least twice as high as activity levels, while participants who were younger than 70 years and not in the lowest category of pre-diagnosis MVPA were the least likely. Interventions to facilitate physical activity and reduce sedentary time among breast cancer survivors should consider comorbidity status and previous PA experience.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354273
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics for parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354151
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics of the Mendelian randomization studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354255.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3C present the risk of bias for the prospective cohort study, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725224.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2C presents the study characteristics for non-randomised interventions
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354148
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2014
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0808
Abstract: Sedentary behavior (sitting time) has been proposed as an independent risk factor for some cancers however, its role in the development of prostate cancer has not been determined. We examined the prospective associations of self-reported daily sitting time and daily television/video viewing time with the risk of developing or dying from prostate cancer among 170,481 men in the NIH–AARP Diet and Health Study. We estimated HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox proportional hazards regression. Between 1996 and 2006, there were 13,751 incident (including 1,365 advanced) prostate cancer cases identified prostate cancer mortality (through 2008) was 669. No strong or significant association with prostate cancer risk was seen in fully adjusted models for either daily sitting or television/video time. There were some suggestions of effect modification by body mass index (BMI interaction for television/video time and BMI, P = 0.02). For total prostate cancer risk, television/video time was associated with a slightly elevated, but nonsignificant, increase amongst obese men (HR = 1.28 95% CI, 0.98–1.69) a null association was observed amongst overweight men (HR = 1.04 0.89–1.22) and, for men with a normal BMI, television/video time was associated with a nonsignificant risk decrease (HR = 0.82 95% CI, 0.66–1.01). Similar patterns were observed for total daily sitting and television/video time in advanced prostate cancer and prostate cancer mortality. Sedentary behavior seems to play a limited role in the development of prostate cancer however, we cannot rule out potential effect modification by BMI or the impact of measurement error on results. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 23(5) 882–9. ©2014 AACR.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-01-2021
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 21-06-2017
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/DYX085
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.EJCA.2010.10.002
Abstract: To assess self-reported lifetime prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among colorectal cancer survivors, and examine the cross-sectional and prospective associations of lifestyle factors with co-morbid CVD. Colorectal cancer survivors were recruited (n=1966). Data were collected at approximately 5, 12, 24 and 36 months post-diagnosis. Cross-sectional findings included six CVD categories (hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, kidney disease and ischaemic heart disease (IHD)) at 5 months post-diagnosis. Longitudinal outcomes included the probability of developing (de novo) co-morbid CVD by 36 months post-diagnosis. Lifestyle factors included body mass index, physical activity, television (TV) viewing, alcohol consumption and smoking. Co-morbid CVD prevalence at 5 months post-diagnosis was 59%, and 16% of participants with no known CVD at the baseline reported de novo CVD by 36 months. Obesity at the baseline predicted de novo hypertension (odds ratio [OR]=2.20, 95% confidence intervals [CI]=1.09, 4.45) and de novo diabetes (OR=6.55, 95% CI=2.19, 19.53). Participants watching >4h of TV/d at the baseline (compared with <2h/d) were more likely to develop ischaemic heart disease by 36 months (OR=5.51, 95% CI=1.86, 16.34). Overweight colorectal cancer survivors were more likely to suffer from co-morbid CVD. Interventions focusing on weight management and other modifiable lifestyle factors may reduce functional decline and improve survival.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 08-2023
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.C.6769316.V1
Abstract: Abstract Colorectal cancer risk can be impacted by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, including diet and obesity. Gene-environment interactions (G × E) can provide biological insights into the effects of obesity on colorectal cancer risk. Here, we assessed potential genome-wide G × E interactions between body mass index (BMI) and common SNPs for colorectal cancer risk using data from 36,415 colorectal cancer cases and 48,451 controls from three international colorectal cancer consortia (CCFR, CORECT, and GECCO). The G × E tests included the conventional logistic regression using multiplicative terms (one degree of freedom, 1DF test), the two-step EDGE method, and the joint 3DF test, each of which is powerful for detecting G × E interactions under specific conditions. BMI was associated with higher colorectal cancer risk. The two-step approach revealed a statistically significant G×BMI interaction located within the Formin 1/Gremlin 1 ( i FMN1/GREM1 /i ) gene region (rs58349661). This SNP was also identified by the 3DF test, with a suggestive statistical significance in the 1DF test. Among participants with the CC genotype of rs58349661, overweight and obesity categories were associated with higher colorectal cancer risk, whereas null associations were observed across BMI categories in those with the TT genotype. Using data from three large international consortia, this study discovered a locus in the i FMN1/GREM1 /i gene region that interacts with BMI on the association with colorectal cancer risk. Further studies should examine the potential mechanisms through which this locus modifies the etiologic link between obesity and colorectal cancer. Significance: This gene-environment interaction analysis revealed a genetic locus in FMN1/GREM1 that interacts with body mass index in colorectal cancer risk, suggesting potential implications for precision prevention strategies. /
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 02-2021
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-0690
Abstract: Obesity increases the risk of 13 cancer types. Given the long process of carcinogenesis, it is important to determine the impact of patterns of body mass over time. Using data from 30,377 participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, we identified body mass index (BMI) trajectories across adulthood and examined their association with the risk of obesity-related cancer. Participants completed interviews and questionnaires at baseline (1990–1994, age 40–69 years), follow-up 1 (1995–1998), and follow-up 2 (2003–2005). Body mass was recalled for age 18 to 21 years, measured at baseline, self-reported at follow-up 1, and measured at follow-up 2. Height was measured at baseline. Cancer diagnoses were ascertained from the Victorian Cancer Registry and the Australian Cancer Database. A latent class trajectory model was used to identify BMI trajectories that were not defined a priori. Cox regression was used to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of obesity-related cancer risks by BMI trajectory. Six distinct BMI trajectories were identified. Compared with people who maintained lower normal BMI, higher risks of developing obesity-related cancer were observed for participants who transitioned from normal to overweight (HR, 1.29 95% CI, 1.13–1.47), normal to class I obesity (HR, 1.50 95% CI, 1.28–1.75), or from overweight to class II obesity (HR, 1.66 95% CI, 1.32–2.08). Our findings suggest that maintaining a healthy BMI across the adult lifespan is important for cancer prevention. Categorization of BMI by trajectory allowed us to identify specific risk groups to target with public health interventions.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354181
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of IL-6 and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354267.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2C presents the study characteristics for non-randomised interventions
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551933.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4C presents dose-response curves for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCLINEPI.2007.05.018
Abstract: Self-report is commonly used in epidemiologic studies however, few data exist on the reliability and validity of this method for eliciting information related to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. We examined the test-retest reliability and validity of colorectal cancer patients reporting on the process of their diagnosis. One hundred and sixteen participants completed two telephone interviews, 1 month apart, and 95 general practitioners (GPs) completed a written questionnaire, to elicit information relating to key elements of the process of diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Acute symptoms such as rectal bleeding had higher reliability and validity than more general symptoms. Colonoscopy was the most accurately recalled diagnostic test. Recall of diagnosis date, and date of colonoscopy, had high test-retest reliability. There were considerable differences between dates of diagnostic tests given by participants and GPs, but there was no evidence of a bias in a particular direction. Accuracy of recall did not diminish as time from diagnosis increased. This study confirms that self-reported symptoms, tests, and dates in the colorectal cancer diagnostic pathway are generally reliable however, the validity of reported symptoms and tests can be moderate to poor.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354187
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2C presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0505
Abstract: Perturbation of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system is often cited as a mechanism driving breast cancer risk. A systematic review identified prospective cohort studies and Mendelian randomization studies that examined the effects of insulin/IGF signaling (IGF, their binding proteins (IGFBP), and markers of insulin resistance] on breast cancer risk. Meta-analyses generated effect estimates risk of bias was assessed and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system applied to evaluate the overall quality of the evidence. Four Mendelian randomization and 19 prospective cohort studies met our inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of cohort studies confirmed that higher IGF-1 increased risk of breast cancer this finding was supported by the Mendelian randomization studies. IGFBP-3 did not affect breast cancer. Meta analyses for connecting-peptide and fasting insulin showed small risk increases, but confidence intervals were wide and crossed the null. The quality of evidence obtained ranged from ‘very low’ to ‘moderate’. There were insufficient studies to examine other markers of insulin/IGF signaling. These findings do not strongly support the biological plausibility of the second part of the physical activity—insulin/IGF signaling system—breast cancer pathway. Robust conclusions cannot be drawn due to the dearth of high quality studies. See related article by Swain et al., p. 2106
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1002/IJC.30641
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354184
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for IL-6 and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0504
Abstract: Physical activity may reduce the risk of developing breast cancer via its effect on the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system. A systematic review searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT), Mendelian randomization and prospective cohort studies that examined the effects of physical activity on insulin/IGF signaling [IGFs, their binding proteins (IGFBP), and markers of insulin resistance] in adult women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system used to determine the overall quality of the evidence. Fifty-eight RCTs met our inclusion criteria, no observational or Mendelian randomization studies met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analyses indicated that physical activity interventions (vs. control) reduced fasting insulin, the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance and fasting glucose. Physical activity increased IGF-1, but there was no clear effect on IGFBP-3 or the ratio of IGF-1:IGFBP-3. Strong evidence was only established for fasting insulin and insulin resistance. Further research is needed to examine the effect of physical activity on C-peptide and HBA1c in women. Reductions in fasting insulin and insulin resistance following exercise suggest some biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity–insulin/IGF signaling–breast cancer pathway. See related article by Drummond et al., p. 2116
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725237.V1
Abstract: GRADE appraisal for inflammatory biomarkers – breast cancer pathways.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354291
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A present forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354291.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A present forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by menopausal status
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-06-2020
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354178
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4A presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354297
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354175
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4B presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354294
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354172
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4C presents dose-response curves for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354196.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1E presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of CRP and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725270.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2C presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551921.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5C presents dose-response curves for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725303.V1
Abstract: Forest plots for effects of inflammatory biomarkers on breast cancer risk. Forest plots for ( b A /b ) CRP, ( b B /b ) TNFα, and ( b C /b ) IL6.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354169
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of leptin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-12-2017
DOI: 10.1002/PON.4306
Abstract: This study aimed to examine the association between change in employment participation for a 12-month period and quality of life among in iduals with colorectal cancer compared with general population controls. This was a prospective, registry-based study that enrolled middle-aged (45-64 years) residents of Queensland, Australia, who were in the paid workforce, and newly diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Participants completed structured telephone interviews at 6 and 12 months after diagnosis assessing quality of life and employment status ("retired/ceased work," "increased work," "decreased work," and "maintained work"). Survivors were matched on demographic and occupation characteristics in a 1:2 ratio with in iduals from the general population who had participated in both Wave 10 (2010) and 11 (2011) of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey. Almost half (66/148, 45%) of colorectal cancer survivors ceased or decreased work during the study period, compared with 27% in the control group (79/295, P = .001). Physical and mental well-being did not fluctuate over time in the general population. However, there were significant improvements in physical well-being, functional well-being, and overall quality of life during the study period for participants with colorectal cancer. At 12 months postdiagnosis, participants with colorectal cancer who maintained or increased work had significantly better functional well-being and overall quality of life compared with those who decreased work or retired. A diagnosis of colorectal cancer often impairs the ability of a person to maintain work. The impairments are predominantly physical and functional. Interventions to assist with occupational rehabilitation should be trialed.
Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Date: 20-09-2008
Abstract: Physical activity can enhance quality of life for cancer survivors. However, few longitudinal studies have examined whether physical activity has a sustained effect on improvements in quality of life. The present study aims to examine the relationships between physical activity and quality of life over 2 years after a colorectal cancer diagnosis. Data were collected within the Colorectal Cancer and Quality of Life Study, in which 1,966 people diagnosed with colorectal cancer were recruited through the Queensland Cancer Registry. Participants completed telephone interviews at approximately 6, 12, and 24 months after diagnosis. Generalized linear mixed models were used to estimate the overall, interin idual, and intrain idual level independent effects of participation in physical activity on quality of life. There was an overall independent association between physical activity and quality of life. At a given time point, participants achieving at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week had an 18% higher quality of life score than those who reported no physical activity. Significant associations were also present at the interin idual level (differences between participants) and intrain idual level (within participant changes). These findings suggest that the positive association between physical activity and quality of life is consistent over time. Encouraging colorectal cancer survivors to be physically active may be a helpful strategy for enhancing quality of life.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.YPMED.2011.07.013
Abstract: Studies provide conflicting evidence for the protective effects of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity on depression. Recent evidence suggests that sedentary behaviors may also be associated with depression. To examine the associations of accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity and sedentary time with depression among a population-based s le. Cross-sectional study using 2,862 adults from the 2005-2006 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. ActiGraph accelerometers were used to derive both moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity and sedentary time. Depression occurred in 6.8% of the s le. For moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity, compared with those in quartile 1 (least active), significantly lower odds of depression were observed for those participants in quartiles 2 (OR=0.55, 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.89), 3 (OR=0.49, 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.93), and 4 (most active) (OR=0.37, 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.70) (p for trend p<0.01). In overweight/obese participants only, those in quartile 4 (most sedentary) had significantly higher odds for depression than those in quartile 1 (least sedentary) [quartile 3 vs 1 (OR=1.94, 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.68) and 4 vs 1 (OR=3.09, 95% CI, 1.25 to 7.68)]. The current study identified lower odds of depression were associated with increasing moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity and decreasing sedentary time, at least within overweight/obese adults.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-09-2014
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-07-2018
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725260.V1
Abstract: Forest plots for effects of physical activity interventions compared with usual activity in RCTs. A forest plot for ( b A /b ) adiponection and ( b B /b ) leptin.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725248.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354279.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4 presents funnel plots for physical activity to inflammatory biomarkers meta-analyses
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725225.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3 presents the risk of bias assessment, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552069.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6D presents findings of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-11-2019
Abstract: The development in research concerning sedentary behaviour has been rapid over the past two decades. This has led to the development of evidence and views that have become more advanced, erse and, possibly, contentious. These include the effects of standing, the breaking up of prolonged sitting and the role of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in the association between sedentary behaviour and health outcomes. The present aim is to report the views of experts (n = 21) brought together (one-day face-to-face meeting in 2018) to consider these issues and provide conclusions and recommendations for future work. Each topic was reviewed and presented by one expert followed by full group discussion, which was recorded, transcribed and analysed. The experts concluded that (a). standing may bring benefits that accrue from postural shifts. Prolonged (mainly static) standing and prolonged sitting are both bad for health (b). ‘the best posture is the next posture’. Regularly breaking up of sitting with postural shifts and movement is vital (c). health effects of prolonged sitting are evident even after controlling for MVPA, but high levels of MVPA can attenuate the deleterious effects of prolonged sitting depending on the health outcome of interest. Expert discussion addressed measurement, messaging and future directions.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.23099338
Abstract: Supplementary Figure from Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer Risk via Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling System, Part 1: The Effect of Physical Activity on the Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling System
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354193
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354190
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354199
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1D presents dose-response curves for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354196
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1E presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of CRP and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725282.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1E presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of CRP and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-05-2007
DOI: 10.1007/S10552-007-9016-6
Abstract: To examine the associations between physical activity and quality of life for colorectal cancer survivors and to describe the associations of medical and sociodemographic attributes with overall quality of life, and their moderating effects on the relationships between physical activity and quality of life. Telephone interviews were conducted with 1,996 colorectal cancer survivors recruited through the Queensland Cancer Registry. Data were collected on current quality of life leisure-time physical activity pre- and post-diagnosis cancer treatment and side-effects and general sociodemographic attributes. Hierarchical generalized linear models identified variables significantly associated with quality of life. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, disease-specific variables, treatment side-effects, and pre-diagnosis leisure-time physical activity, there were significant differences in quality of life scores by post-diagnosis physical activity category. Compared to participants who were inactive after their diagnosis, those who were sufficiently active had a 17.0% higher total quality of life score. Physical activity also had a significant independent positive association with the physical well-being, functional well-being, and additional concerns subscales of the FACT-C. Our findings demonstrate that quite modest changes in leisure-time physical activity are associated with quality of life. Colorectal cancer survivors may benefit from a more active lifestyle.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725203.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6A presents findings of in idual parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354163.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5B presents forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552123.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.23099362
Abstract: Supplementary Figure from Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer Risk via the Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling System, Part 2: The Effect of Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling on Breast Cancer Risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354154.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology for the systematic review
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725227.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of randomised cross-over trials
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725285.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1D presents dose-response curves for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551957
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1E presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of CRP and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725212
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3C present the risk of bias for the prospective cohort study, using the ROBINS-E
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725215
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3B presents the risk of bias for non-randomised interventions, using the ROBINS-I
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551954
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-02-2009
DOI: 10.1002/PON.1527
Abstract: To investigate the feasibility and short-term effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention for colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. CanChange was telephone-delivered to 20 CRC survivors by health coaches over 6 weeks supported by an interactive participant handbook. We assessed program feasibility (program retention and satisfaction) and health outcomes [CRC-specific symptoms (fatigue, nausea, diarrhoea), quality of life (QOL), and lifestyle variables (physical activity, dietary intake, alcohol intake, smoking, body mass index (BMI))] at baseline and post-intervention. Post-intervention, 76% of participants rated the program as excellent, 100% rated the health coach as excellent, and 75% rated the handbook as excellent. In addition, 80% said that CanChange addressed their issues, 72% said that CanChange helped them deal more effectively with their problems, and 100% said that CanChange made them more motivated to make positive life changes. Finally, all participants said that they would recommend CanChange to other CRC survivors. From baseline to post-intervention we observed: non-significant improvements in all CRC-specific symptoms and QOL a significant decrease in processed meat intake [median (interquartile range): 1.0 (3.0) vs 0.0 (1.0), p=0.01] as well as non-significant improvements in sedentary behaviour, and the proportion of participants meeting the national guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake. We observed no change in smoking status, while the results for alcohol intake, physical activity, and BMI were variable. CanChange was a feasible and potentially effective lifestyle intervention to improve health outcomes for CRC survivors. A large randomised controlled trial will follow to test the longer-term effects of this approach.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725218
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3A presents the risk of bias for randomised controlled and randomised cross-over trials, using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551951
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 23-05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.23099359
Abstract: Supplementary Material and Methods includes search terms excluded papers study characteristics risk of bias forest plots funnel plots. Supplementary Table 1: Search terms used for each component of the systematic review. Supplementary Table 2: Papers Excluded at Full Text Screen.* Supplementary Table 3A: Study characteristics of Mendelian randomisation studies. Supplementary Table 3B: Study characteristics of prospective cohort studies. Supplementary Table 4. Risk of Bias: Prospective Cohort Studies. Figure 1: Funnel plots. Figure 2: IGF-1 and breast cancer risk in models that adjust for IGFBP-3. Figure 3: IGF-1 and breast cancer risk by menopause status at blood draw. Figure 4: IGFBP-3 and breast cancer risk by menopause status at blood draw
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354205.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725200
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6B presents findings of in idual randomised cross-over studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551969
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1B presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725203
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6A presents findings of in idual parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725215.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3B presents the risk of bias for non-randomised interventions, using the ROBINS-I
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 20-03-2017
DOI: 10.1101/118513
Abstract: The scientific literature contains a wealth of information from different fields on potential disease mechanisms. However, prioritising mechanisms for further analytical evaluation presents enormous challenges in terms of the quantity and ersity of published research. The application of data mining approaches to the literature offers the potential to identify and prioritise mechanisms for more focused and detailed analysis. Here we present MELODI, a literature mining platform that can identify mechanistic pathways between any two biomedical concepts. Two case studies demonstrate the potential uses of MELODI and how it can generate hypotheses for further investigation. Firstly, an analysis of ERG and prostate cancer derives the intermediate transcription factor SP1, recently confirmed to be physically interacting with ERG. Secondly, examining the relationship between a new potential risk factor for pancreatic cancer identifies possible mechanistic insights which can be studied in vitro. MELODI has been implemented as a Python/Django web application, and is freely available to use at www.melodi.biocompute.org.uk melodi@biocompute.org.uk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551963
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1C present forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, excluding studies that had a moderate risk of bias
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725206
Abstract: Supplementary Table 5 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for IL-6
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1002/PON.919
Abstract: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common invasive cancers, and is responsible for considerable physical and psychosocial morbidity. Understanding the quality of life experienced by colorectal cancer patients is essential for evaluating the full impact of the disease on in iduals, their families and their communities. Patient perspective is essential in establishing a proper understanding of the quality of life of colorectal cancer patients. Despite this, few studies have employed a qualitative methodology to explore quality of life issues for colorectal cancer patients. A review of the literature identified only seven qualitative studies pertaining to quality of life issues for colorectal cancer patients, a surprising finding given the prevalence of this cancer. Accordingly, this study sought to build on the findings of previous qualitative research by providing descriptive data on the quality of life and psychosocial variables most salient to colorectal cancer patients. Six core themes emerged from interview and focus group data: Satisfaction with diagnosis and treatment support (including information provision) quality of life benefits of diagnosis making sense of the cancer experience and coping strategies. The information derived from this study will help inform the development of supportive care services to address the needs of the increasing number of people diagnosed with colorectal cancer.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725209
Abstract: Supplementary Table 4 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for CRP
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551960
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1D presents dose-response curves for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354246.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6A presents findings of in idual parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552078.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6A presents findings of in idual parallel group RCTs
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551954.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552135.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for physical activity and CRP, by menopausal status
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-01-2018
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/DYX251
Publisher: American College of Physicians
Date: 20-01-2015
DOI: 10.7326/M14-2552
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 08-2023
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.C.6769316
Abstract: Abstract Colorectal cancer risk can be impacted by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, including diet and obesity. Gene-environment interactions (G × E) can provide biological insights into the effects of obesity on colorectal cancer risk. Here, we assessed potential genome-wide G × E interactions between body mass index (BMI) and common SNPs for colorectal cancer risk using data from 36,415 colorectal cancer cases and 48,451 controls from three international colorectal cancer consortia (CCFR, CORECT, and GECCO). The G × E tests included the conventional logistic regression using multiplicative terms (one degree of freedom, 1DF test), the two-step EDGE method, and the joint 3DF test, each of which is powerful for detecting G × E interactions under specific conditions. BMI was associated with higher colorectal cancer risk. The two-step approach revealed a statistically significant G×BMI interaction located within the Formin 1/Gremlin 1 ( i FMN1/GREM1 /i ) gene region (rs58349661). This SNP was also identified by the 3DF test, with a suggestive statistical significance in the 1DF test. Among participants with the CC genotype of rs58349661, overweight and obesity categories were associated with higher colorectal cancer risk, whereas null associations were observed across BMI categories in those with the TT genotype. Using data from three large international consortia, this study discovered a locus in the i FMN1/GREM1 /i gene region that interacts with BMI on the association with colorectal cancer risk. Further studies should examine the potential mechanisms through which this locus modifies the etiologic link between obesity and colorectal cancer. Significance: This gene-environment interaction analysis revealed a genetic locus in FMN1/GREM1 that interacts with body mass index in colorectal cancer risk, suggesting potential implications for precision prevention strategies. /
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-03-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-02-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S00277-017-2942-9
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine potential effects of reallocating time between sleep, sedentary and active behaviours on fatigue symptoms and quality of life in a s le of non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors identified from the Western Australian Cancer Registry (N = 149) (response rate = 36% median age = 64 years) wore an Actigraph® GT3X+ accelerometer for 7 days and completed the Fatigue Scale, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We used isotemporal substitution methods in linear regression models to examine the potential effects of reallocating time between sleep, sedentary and activity behaviours on fatigue and quality of life. Data collection was conducted in Western Australia in 2013. Significant differences were observed for fatigue symptoms when 30 min per day of bouted moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (10 min) was reallocated from 30 min per day of sleep (5.7 points, 95% CI = 1.8, 9.7), sedentary time bouts (20 min) (5.7 points, 95% CI = 1.6, 9.7), sedentary time non-bouts (5.1 points, 95% CI = 1.0, 9.3) or light intensity activity (5.5 points, 95% CI = 1.5, 9.5). Isotemporal substitution effects of reallocating sedentary time, sleep and light physical activity with bouted physical activity was significantly associated with fatigue, but not quality of life. Findings from the present study may aid in the development and delivery of health behaviour interventions that are more likely to influence the health outcome of interest.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551972
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1A presents forest plots for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725261.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4A presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551909.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354178.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4A presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725249.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5A presents the forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354190.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-09-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-03-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S11764-014-0409-8
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine associations of objectively assessed moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time with psychological health outcomes including depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and overall satisfaction with life in colon cancer survivors. Colon cancer survivors (N = 180) from Alberta, Canada (n = 91), and Western Australia (n = 89) completed a mailed survey that assessed depression symptom severity, state anxiety, and satisfaction with life (SWL). Sedentary time and MVPA were assessed using the Actigraph(®) GT3X+ accelerometer (60-s epochs) via a 7-day monitoring protocol. MVPA and sedentary time were corrected for wear time and then examined as quartiles (Q). Multivariate analysis of variance was used to examine associations of MVPA and sedentary time with psychological health. There was a significant association between psychological health outcomes and objectively assessed MVPA [Wilks' λ = 0.886, F(3382.2) = 2.156, p = 0.024] that suggested a small and significant association between MVPA and SWL (p = 0.032). A significant multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) [Wilks' λ = 0.945, F(3159) = 3.1, p = 0.028] suggested participants meeting guidelines reported significantly fewer anxiety symptoms (M(diff) = -1.23, p = 0.027) and higher perceptions of SWL (M(diff) = 3.0, p = 0.008). No significant associations emerged for sedentary time [Wilks' λ = 0.956, F(9382.3) = 0.788, p = 0.628]. Contrary to previously published research using self-reports, objectively assessed MVPA and sedentary time were not associated with depression symptoms. Objectively assessed MVPA was associated with SWL and anxiety outcomes in colon cancer survivors. Colon cancer survivors should continue to engage in regular and sustained MVPA for the accrual of psychological health benefits.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552090.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3B presents the risk of bias for non-randomised interventions, using the ROBINS-I
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725300
Abstract: Forest plots for effects of inflammatory biomarkers on breast cancer risk. Forest plots for ( b A /b ) leptin and ( b B /b ) adiponectin.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725303
Abstract: Forest plots for effects of inflammatory biomarkers on breast cancer risk. Forest plots for ( b A /b ) CRP, ( b B /b ) TNFα, and ( b C /b ) IL6.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725306
Abstract: PRISMA flow diagram. This figure incorporates literature search, screening and study selection.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725297.V1
Abstract: Dose–response curves for effects of inflammatory biomarkers on breast cancer risk. Dose–response curves for ( b A /b ) CRP, ( b B /b ) leptin, and ( b C /b ) adiponectin.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-01-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-14389-8
Abstract: Physical activity has been associated with lower risks of breast and colorectal cancer in epidemiological studies however, it is unknown if these associations are causal or confounded. In two-s le Mendelian randomisation analyses, using summary genetic data from the UK Biobank and GWA consortia, we found that a one standard deviation increment in average acceleration was associated with lower risks of breast cancer (odds ratio [OR]: 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27 to 0.98, P-value = 0.04) and colorectal cancer (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.48 to 0.90, P-value = 0.01). We found similar magnitude inverse associations for estrogen positive (ER +ve ) breast cancer and for colon cancer. Our results support a potentially causal relationship between higher physical activity levels and lower risks of breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Based on these data, the promotion of physical activity is probably an effective strategy in the primary prevention of these commonly diagnosed cancers.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725300.V1
Abstract: Forest plots for effects of inflammatory biomarkers on breast cancer risk. Forest plots for ( b A /b ) leptin and ( b B /b ) adiponectin.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552099.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2C presents the study characteristics for non-randomised interventions
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551918
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of adiponectin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354282.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents forest plots for physical activity and IL-6, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354258.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 3B presents the risk of bias for non-randomised interventions, using the ROBINS-I
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551915
Abstract: Supplementary Table 1 presents the search terminology for the systematic review
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551912
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2A presents the study characteristics of the Mendelian randomization studies
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725252.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of leptin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354187.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2C presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Revista Brasileira De Cancerologia (RBC)
Date: 10-02-2023
DOI: 10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2023V69N1.3239
Abstract: Introduction: Oxygen consumption (VO2) is indicative of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and lower levels are related to a higher risk of total mortality among in iduals with cancer whose therapy can have adverse consequences on the cardiovascular system. Objective: To examine the associations of patient-reported sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric outcomes and functional variables with CRF in 69 women (55±10 years) and to identify whether walking is a predictor of peak VO2 variation in this population with breast cancer (BC). Method: Female BC survivors receiving hormone therapy after two types of surgery (breast-conserving and mastectomy) underwent a CRF test on a cycle ergometer to measure peak VO2. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic, clinical data, patient reported outcomes (PROs) (depressive symptoms, sleep quality, fatigue, body image) and self-reported walking and tests to measure body fat percentage, waist circumference, flexibility and shoulder range of motion (RoM) were performed. Results: Unemployment and retirement were associated with low CRF, as was the use of aromatase inhibitors instead of tamoxifen. Depressive symptoms, worse body image, greater waist circumference, less flexibility and shoulder RoM were also associated with low CRF. Walking duration, controlled for age and body mass index (BMI), is a 13% predictor of peak VO2 variance in this s le. Conclusion: These factors must be considered in understanding the CRF profile of BC survivors. As walking was a predictor of peak VO2 variance, it should be recommended as a type of physical activity for patients with BC using hormone therapy.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354270.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of randomised cross-over trials
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725263.V1
Abstract: Forest plots for effects of physical activity compared with usual activity control in RCTs. A forest plot for ( b A /b ) TNFα, ( b B /b ) IL6, and ( b C /b ) CRP.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1995
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-05-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S00520-017-3756-Y
Abstract: Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are common amongst breast cancer survivors. These behaviours are associated with an increased risk of comorbidities such as heart disease, diabetes and other cancers. Commercially available, wearable activity trackers (WATs) have potential utility as behavioural interventions to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour within this population. The purpose of the study is to explore the acceptability and usability of consumer WAT amongst postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. Fourteen participants tested two to three randomly assigned trackers from six available models (Fitbit One, Jawbone Up 24, Garmin Vivofit 2, Garmin Vivosmart, Garmin Vivoactive and Polar A300). Participants wore each device for 2 weeks, followed by a 1-week washout period before wearing the next device. Four focus groups employing a semi-structured interview guide explored user perceptions and experiences. We used a thematic analysis approach to analyse focus group transcripts. Five themes emerged from our data: (1) trackers' increased self-awareness and motivation, (2) breast cancer survivors' confidence and comfort with wearable technology, (3) preferred and disliked features of WAT, (4) concerns related to the disease and (5) peer support and doctor monitoring were possible strategies for WAT application. WATs are perceived as useful and acceptable interventions by postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. Effective WAT interventions may benefit from taking advantage of the simple features of the trackers paired with other behavioural change techniques, such as specialist counselling, doctor monitoring and peer support, along with simple manual instructions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-11-2018
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551927
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5A presents the forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551942.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of IL-6 and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551918.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of adiponectin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551924
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5B presents forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551921
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5C presents dose-response curves for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-11-2009
DOI: 10.1002/PON.1436
Abstract: This longitudinal study developed and confirmed the factor structure of the 32-item Coping with Colorectal Cancer (CCRC) measure. Reliability and validity of the measure were also assessed. Participants were 1800 in iduals diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC). A written questionnaire and a telephone interview were completed at 5 (Time 1) and 12 months post-diagnosis (Time 2). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed eight mostly empirically distinct subscales: Positive Perceptual Change, Religion/Spirituality, Rumination, Acceptance, Humour, Palliative, Seeking Social Support, and Lifestyle Reorganisation. Internal reliabilities were adequate and comparable to other coping measures, and test-retest analyses showed moderate temporal stability of the subscales. Cross-sectional and longitudinal regression analyses were conducted to establish criterion-related validity. As hypothesised, after controlling for demographics, disease/treatment, and stress/coping variables, regression analyses showed that CCRC subscales uniquely predicted Time 1 quality of life (QOL) outcomes (positive affect, cancer-related QOL, psychological distress). After controlling for Time 1 QOL, Seeking Social Support coping continued to predict Time 2 positive affect. Results demonstrated the preliminary validity and reliability of the CCRC subscales, and have extended the cancer coping research by revealing new relations between coping subscales and QOL in a mixed-gender, older population with CRC.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-10-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-07-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S00520-015-2855-X
Abstract: Engaging in positive health behaviours can improve quality of life amongst cancer survivors, whether this facilitates return to work is unknown. We examined associations of health behaviours with return to work outcomes following a diagnosis of colorectal cancer in middle-aged men and women (45-64 years). We recruited 239 participants through the Queensland Cancer Registry between January 2010 and September 2011. Data were collected through telephone-administered interviews and postal questionnaires at 6 and 12 months post-diagnosis. Logistic regression examined likelihood of ceasing or reducing work, and Cox regression examined factors associated with time to return to work. No significant associations were observed between health behaviours (fruit and vegetables consumption, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical activity or sitting time) at 6 months and ceasing or reducing work at 12 months post-diagnosis. Participants who reported excessive sleep (≥9 h/day) were 2.69 times more likely to reduce work time or retire (relative to those sleeping the recommended 7 to <9 h/day 95 % CI 1.06, 6.87, adjusted for cancer treatment). In Cox regression analysis, excessive sleep was associated with a longer work re-entry time (relative to sleeping 7 to <9 h/day HR = 0.47 95 % CI 0.22, 1.00, adjusted for education and cancer treatment). Further research into how excessive sleep might be related to return to work amongst colorectal cancer survivors is warranted. Interventions focused on achieving optimal sleep patterns may assist colorectal cancer survivors to return to work and should be tested in future studies.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725206.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 5 presents the outcomes of the meta-regression analysis conducted for IL-6
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22552126.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by exercise type
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354199.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 1D presents dose-response curves for CRP and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551939
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4A presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 19-07-2018
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551936
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4B presents forest plots for leptin and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354166.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5A presents the forest plots for adiponectin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22354237.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 6D presents findings of the prospective cohort study
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725239.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4 presents funnel plots for physical activity to inflammatory biomarkers meta-analyses
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551933
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4C presents dose-response curves for leptin and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551930
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of leptin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2009
DOI: 10.1007/S10552-009-9460-6
Abstract: Obesity and physical inactivity are poor prognostic indicators for breast cancer. Studies to date have relied on self-report measures of physical activity, which tend mainly to assess moderate-to-vigorous intensity leisure-time physical activity. We report the cross-sectional associations of objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary time with adiposity in a s le of breast cancer survivors from the United States. One hundred and eleven women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 reported a history of breast cancer. Participants wore an accelerometer for 7 days, and activity levels were summarized as moderate-to-vigorous intensity (accelerometer counts/min > or =1,952), light intensity (counts/min 100-1,951), and sedentary time (counts/min <100). Anthropometric measures were taken by study staff at examination centers. Participants spent the majority of their day in sedentary time (66%) or in light intensity activities (33%). Log moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity was negatively associated with adiposity (waist circumference beta = -9.805 [95% CI: -15.836, -3.775] BMI beta = -3.576 [95% CI: -6.687, -0.464]). Light intensity physical activity was negatively associated with adiposity however, the fully adjusted models did not retain statistical significance. Similarly, sedentary time was positively associated with adiposity, but the fully adjusted models were not statistically significant. This is the first study to describe the objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary time of breast cancer survivors. Increasing moderate-to-vigorous and light intensity physical activity, and decreasing sedentary time, may assist with weight management and improve other metabolic health outcomes for breast cancer survivors.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725273.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2B presents forest plots for TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk, excluding studies where exogenous hormone use status was unknown
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551930.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 4D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of leptin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-01-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S12020-015-0828-Y
Abstract: A substantial number of pregnancies are complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and up to 70 % of women with GDM go on to develop type 2 diabetes. Given the extensive body of research suggesting physical activity reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes, facilitating physical activity, and reducing sedentary time may be effective approaches to promote the health of women with a previous GDM diagnosis. Here, we discuss physical activity, exercise, and sedentary behavior, in the context of GDM and the potential for type 2 diabetes risk reduction.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-03-2008
DOI: 10.1007/S00520-008-0421-5
Abstract: A better understanding of health behaviors after a cancer diagnosis is important, as these behaviors are related to physical functioning, disease recurrence, development of second primary cancers, and risk of other chronic diseases. Body weight and health behaviors (smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity) were examined in a population-based s le of colorectal cancer survivors and compared to a matched population group. Data were collected by telephone interviews pre-diagnosis (retrospectively reported), 6 and 12 months post-diagnosis for colorectal cancer survivors (n = 1,250). Comparison data were from a population-based cancer risk survey (n = 6,277). Colorectal cancer survivors were most likely to be overweight/obese pre-diagnosis (66%) than at 6 months (54%) or 12 months post-diagnosis (61%). There was little variation from 6 to 12 months in the proportion of current smokers (7% and 8%, respectively) or high-risk drinkers (both 22%). The greatest changes were for physical activity, with 53% of survivor's sufficiently active pre-diagnosis, 32% at 6 months, and 38% at 12 months post-diagnosis. At 12 months, colorectal cancer survivors were more likely than the comparison group to be: underweight (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.38-3.31) a former smoker (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.26-1.63) a low-risk (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.09-1.44) or high-risk drinker (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.43-2.03) and insufficiently active (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.34-1.83) or inactive (OR = 2.76, 95% CI = 2.39-3.19). However, colorectal cancer survivors were significantly less likely to be a current smoker (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.54-0.85). Our findings show particular scope for physical activity interventions for colorectal cancer survivors. Improving the general health of cancer survivors should help to decrease morbidity in this population and associated health system expenditure.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725240.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 5D presents the funnel plots from the meta-analysis of adiponectin and breast cancer risk
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725228.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Table 2B presents the study characteristics of the prospective cohort studies
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-06-2014
DOI: 10.1002/CNCR.28779
Abstract: The primary purpose of this study was to determine associations of accelerometer-assessed moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and physical function and well-being in colon cancer survivors. Colon cancer survivors (N = 178) from Alberta, Canada (n = 92) and Western Australia (n = 86) completed a mailed survey that assessed HRQoL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal), physical function and well-being (Trial Outcome Index-Colorectal), and relevant covariates. MVPA and sedentary time were assessed using the Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer (60-second epochs) via a 7-day monitoring protocol. Average daily MVPA and sedentary time was corrected for wear time and then examined as quartiles. Adjusting for relevant demographic, behavioral, and clinical covariates, a significant difference in HRQoL scores emerged between quartile 1 (Q1) and Q4 (M(diff) = 11.5, P = .038). For physical function and well-being, a significant difference emerged between Q1 and Q4 (M(diff) = 9.1, P = .009). For fatigue, a significant difference emerged between Q1 and Q4 (M(diff) = 7.1, P = .05). Significant differences were also observed for between Q1 and Q3 (M(diff) = 2.4, P = .041), and Q1 and Q4 (M(diff) = 3.5, P = .002) for colorectal cancer-specific symptoms. There were no statistically significant associations of sedentary time with HRQoL, physical function and well-being, fatigue, or colorectal cancer-specific symptoms. Objectively measured MVPA, but not sedentary time, was associated with better HRQoL, physical function and well-being, and colorectal cancer-specific symptoms in colon cancer survivors. For MVPA, differences met or exceeded contemporary cutpoints for determining clinically important differences.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551948
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2C presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of TNF-alpha and breast cancer risk
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.YPMED.2014.09.007
Abstract: Television (TV) viewing, a common leisure-time sedentary behaviour, is associated adversely with cardio-metabolic health, fatigue, depression and mental health. However, associations of TV viewing time with health-related quality of life attributes are less well understood. We examined associations of TV viewing time with physical well-being, mental well-being and vitality in a large population-based s le of Australian adults. The study s le comprised 4,483 men and 5,424 women (mean age 51±14years) from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study (1999-2000). Multiple linear regressions examined associations of TV viewing time (h/day) with the SF-36v1 physical and mental health component summary scores and the vitality sub-score, adjusting for leisure-time physical activity and waist circumference. Each 1-h/day increment in TV viewing time was associated with lower physical (-0.56 [95% CI: -0.77, -0.34]) and mental (-0.41 [-0.70, -0.12]) component summary scores and vitality (-0.51 [-0.81, -0.21]). Associations remained significant after adjustment for leisure-time physical activity and waist circumference. There was a gender interaction for the association of TV viewing time with vitality (significant in men only). TV viewing time is associated adversely with physical well-being, mental well-being and vitality. Further studies are required to better understand potential causal relationships and variations by gender and leisure-time physical activity.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551945
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3A presents forest plots for IL-6 and breast cancer risk, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22725251.V1
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 2A present forest plots for physical activity and TNF-alpha, by menopausal status
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.22551942
Abstract: Supplementary Figure 3B presents the funnel plot from the meta-analysis of IL-6 and breast cancer risk
Start Date: 2010
End Date: 2012
Funder: Australian Research Council
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