ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7790-5081
Current Organisations
Western Australian Museum
,
Curtin University
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2005
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 02-02-2012
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS09442
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 29-07-2010
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS08672
Publisher: PeerJ
Date: 14-08-2019
DOI: 10.7717/PEERJ.7382
Abstract: For reefs in South East Asia the synergistic effects of rapid land development, insufficient environmental policies and a lack of enforcement has led to poor water quality and compromised coral health from increased sediment and pollution. Those inshore turbid coral reefs, subject to significant sediment inputs, may also inherit some resilience to the effects of thermal stress and coral bleaching. We studied the inshore turbid reefs near Miri, in northwest Borneo through a comprehensive assessment of coral cover and health in addition to quantifying sediment-related parameters. Although Miri’s Reefs had comparatively low coral species ersity, dominated by massive and encrusting forms of Diploastrea , Porites , Montipora , Favites , Dipsastrea and Pachyseris , they were characterized by a healthy cover ranging from 22 to 39%. We found a strong inshore to offshore gradient in hard coral cover, ersity and community composition as a direct result of spatial differences in sediment at distances km. As well as distance to shore, we included other environmental variables like reef depth and sediment trap accumulation and particle size that explained 62.5% of variation in benthic composition among sites. Miri’s reefs showed little evidence of coral disease and relatively low prevalence of compromised health signs including bleaching (6.7%), bioerosion (6.6%), pigmentation response (2.2%), scars (1.1%) and excessive mucus production (0.5%). Tagged colonies of Diploastrea and Pachyseris suffering partial bleaching in 2016 had fully (90–100%) recovered the following year. There were, however, seasonal differences in bioerosion rates, which increased five-fold after the 2017 wet season. Differences in measures of coral physiology, like that of symbiont density and chlorophyll a for Montipora , Pachyseris and Acropora , were not detected among sites. We conclude that Miri’s reefs may be in a temporally stable state given minimal recently dead coral and a limited decline in coral cover over the last two decades. This study provides further evidence that turbid coral reefs exposed to seasonally elevated sediment loads can exhibit relatively high coral cover and be resilient to disease and elevated sea surface temperatures.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2018.04.047
Abstract: Scuba ing tourism is a sustainable source of income for many coastal communities, but can have negative environmental impacts if not managed effectively. Diving on soft sediment habitats, typically referred to as 'muck ing', is a growing multi-million dollar industry with a strong focus on photographing cryptobenthic fauna. We assessed how the environmental impacts of scuba ers are affected by the activity they are engaged in while ing and the habitat they e in. To do this, we observed 66 ers on coral reefs and soft sediment habitats in Indonesia and the Philippines. We found er activity, specifically interacting with and photographing fauna, causes greater environmental disturbances than effects caused by certification level, gender, e experience or age. Divers touched the substrate more often while ing on soft sediment habitats than on coral reefs, but this did not result in greater environmental damage on soft sediment sites. Divers had a higher impact on the substrate and touch animals more frequently when observing or photographing cryptobenthic fauna. When using dSLR-cameras, ers spent up to five times longer interacting with fauna. With the unknown, long-term impacts on cryptobenthic fauna or soft sediment habitats, and the increasing popularity of underwater photography, we argue for the introduction of a muck ing code of conduct.
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS236219
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 31-08-2016
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 1997
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS155189
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-07-2014
DOI: 10.1111/JFB.12479
Abstract: Bluespine unicornfish Naso unicornis and orangespine unicornfish Naso lituratus were s led in Pohnpei and Guam, Micronesia, over 13 months to identify reproductive and age-based demographic features necessary for informed management. Age and reproductive information were derived from analysis of sagittal otoliths and gonads. Both species had moderate life spans [maximum ages of 23 (N. unicornis) and 14 years (N. lituratus)] compared with published estimates of conspecifics from other locations (>30 years) and of other Naso species. Length at maturation for N. unicornis was similar between Pohnpei and Guam while females consistently matured at a larger size [c. 30 cm fork length (LF )] than males (c. 27 cm LF ). This sex-specific pattern was reversed in N. lituratus for which estimates of maturation length (females: 15 cm LF males: 18 cm LF ) were only obtained from Guam. Developmental patterns in female gonads of both species suggested that initiation of maturation occurs very early. Growth patterns of N. lituratus displayed rapid asymptotic growth compared with N. unicornis and other congeners as well as slight sex-specific patterns of length-at-age. Results highlight the considerable spatial variation that may occur in the population biology of these species across various scales. Additionally, proper management remains complicated without improved knowledge of fishery trends and reproductive behaviour in unicornfishes, species that are prime fishery targets in Micronesia and elsewhere.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-08-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-02-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-020-60525-1
Abstract: Extreme climate events, such as the El Niños in 1997/1998 and 2015/16, have led to considerable forest loss in the Southeast Asian region following unprecedented drought and wildfires. In Borneo, the effects of extreme climate events have been exacerbated by rapid urbanization, accelerated deforestation and soil erosion since the 1980s. However, studies quantifying the impact of interannual and long-term ( decades) climatic and anthropogenic change affecting Borneo’s coastal and coral reef environments are lacking. Here, we used coral cores collected in Miri-Sibuti Coral Reefs National Park, Sarawak (Malaysia) to reconstruct the spatio-temporal dynamics of sea surface temperature and oxygen isotopic composition of seawater from 1982 to 2016, based on paired oxygen isotope and Sr/Ca measurements. The results revealed rising sea surface temperatures of 0.26 ± 0.04 °C per decade since 1982. Reconstructed δ 18 O sw displayed positive excursion during major El Niño events of 1983, 1997/98 and 2015/16, indicating drought conditions with less river runoff, rainfall and higher ocean salinities. La Niñas were generally associated with lower δ 18 O sw . We observed a long-term shift from more saline conditions between 1982 and 1995 towards less saline conditions after 1995, which are in agreement with the regional freshening trend, punctuated by saline excursion during El Niños. The decadal shifts were found to be driven by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). This study provides the first long-term data on El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-driven synchrony of climate impacts on both terrestrial and marine ecosystems in northern Borneo. Our results suggest that coral records from northern Borneo are invaluable archives to detect regional ENSO and PDO impacts, and their interaction with the Asian-Australian monsoon, on the hydrological balance in the southern South China Sea beyond the past three decades.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-11-2012
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.260
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-07-2018
DOI: 10.1111/RAQ.12269
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-12-2015
DOI: 10.1111/JBI.12681
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-09-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-09-2011
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 11-07-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-10-2010
Publisher: PeerJ
Date: 10-12-2018
DOI: 10.7287/PEERJ.PREPRINTS.27422V1
Abstract: For reefs in SE Asia the synergistic effects of rapid land-development, insufficient environmental policies and a lack of enforcement has led to poor water quality and compromised coral health from increased sediment and pollution. Those inshore turbid coral reefs, subject to significant sediment inputs, may also inherit some resilience to the effects of thermal stress and coral bleaching. We studied the inshore turbid reefs near Miri, in northwest Borneo, through a comprehensive assessment of coral cover, health and function in addition to quantifying sediment-related parameters. Although Miri Reefs had comparatively low coral species ersity, dominated by massive and encrusting forms of Diploastrea , Porites , Montipora , Favites , Dipsastrea and Pachyseris , they were characterised by a healthy cover ranging from 22-39%. We found a strong inshore to offshore gradient in hard coral cover, ersity and community composition as a direct result of spatial differences in sediment but over scales of km. As well as distance to shore, we included other environmental variables like reef depth and sediment accumulation/size that explained 62.5% of variation in benthic composition among sites. None of the reefs showed evidence of coral disease and relatively low prevalence of compromised health signs including bleaching (6.7%), bioerosion (6.6%), pigmentation (2.2%), scars (1.1%) and mucus production (0.5%). There were, however, seasonal differences in bioerosion rates which increased five-fold after the 2017 wet season. Tagged colonies of Diploastrea and Pachyseries showing partial bleaching in 2016, had fully recovered by 90-100% the following year. Differences in measures of coral function like that of symbiont density and chlorophyll a for Montipora , Pachyseris and Acropora were not detected among sites. This study provides further evidence that turbid coral reefs exposed to seasonally elevated sediment loads can exhibit relatively high coral cover and be resilient to disease and elevated sea surface temperatures.
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 17-01-2011
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS08904
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-06-2018
DOI: 10.1111/CONL.12572
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/FAF.12218
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-02-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2005
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-37356-2
Abstract: Millions of people take animal pictures during wildlife interactions, yet the impacts of photographer behaviour and photographic flashes on animals are poorly understood. We investigated the pathomorphological and behavioural impacts of photographer behaviour and photographic flashes on 14 benthic fish species that are important for scuba ing tourism and aquarium displays. We ran a field study to test effects of photography on fish behaviour, and two laboratory studies that tested effects of photographic flashes on seahorse behaviour, and ocular and retinal anatomy. Our study showed that effects of photographic flashes are negligible and do not have stronger impacts than those caused solely by human presence. Photographic flashes did not cause changes in gross ocular and retinal anatomy of seahorses and did not alter feeding success. Physical manipulation of animals by photographing scuba ers, however, elicited strong stress responses. This study provides important new information to help develop efficient management strategies that reduce environmental impacts of wildlife tourism.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-04-2020
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.6199
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-02-2018
DOI: 10.1111/COBI.13033
Abstract: As ecosystems come under increasing anthropogenic pressure, rare species face the highest risk of extinction. Paradoxically, data necessary to evaluate the conservation status of rare species are often lacking because of the challenges of detecting species with low abundance. One group of fishes subject to this unders ling bias are those with cryptic body patterns. Twenty-one percent of cryptic fish species assessed for their extinction risk (International Union for Conservation of Nature [IUCN]) are data deficient. We developed a nondestructive method for surveying cryptically patterned marine fishes based on the presence of biofluorescence (underwater biofluorescence census, UBC). Blue LED torches were used to investigate how widespread biofluorescence was in cryptic reef fishes in the Coral Triangle region. The effectiveness of UBC to generate abundance data was tested on a data-deficient pygmy seahorse species (Hippoc us bargibanti) and compared with data obtained from standard underwater visual census (UVC) surveys. We recorded 95 reef fish species displaying biofluorescence, 73 of which had not been previously described as biofluorescent. Of those fish with cryptic patterns, 87% were biofluorescent compared with 9% for noncryptic fishes. The probability of species displaying biofluorescence was 70.9 times greater for cryptic species than for noncryptic species. Almost twice the number of H. bargibanti was counted using the UBC compared with UVC. For 2 triplefin species (Ucla xenogrammus, Enneapterygius tutuilae), the abundance detected with UBC was triple that detected with UVC. The UBC method was effective at finding cryptic species that would otherwise be difficult to detect and thus will reduce interobserver variability inherent to UVC surveys. Biofluorescence is ubiquitous in cryptic fishes, making this method applicable across a wide range of species. Data collected using UBC could be used with multiple IUCN criteria to assess the extinction risk of cryptic species. Adopting this technique will enhance researchers' ability to survey cryptic species and facilitate management and conservation of cryptic marine species.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-05-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-12-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 26-06-2012
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS252207
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2007
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 25-10-2012
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS09942
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-09-2011
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1155/2011/826234
Abstract: Comparable information on the status of natural resources across large geographic and human impact scales provides invaluable context to ecosystem-based management and insights into processes driving differences among areas. Data on fish assemblages at 39 US flag coral reef-areas distributed across the Pacific are presented. Total reef fish biomass varied by more than an order of magnitude: lowest at densely-populated islands and highest on reefs distant from human populations. Remote reefs ( people within 100 km) averaged ~4 times the biomass of “all fishes” and 15 times the biomass of piscivores compared to reefs near populated areas. Greatest within-archipelagic differences were found in Hawaiian and Mariana Archipelagos, where differences were consistent with, but likely not exclusively driven by, higher fishing pressure around populated areas. Results highlight the importance of the extremely remote reefs now contained within the system of Pacific Marine National Monuments as ecological reference areas.
Publisher: NMFS Publications Office
Date: 13-09-2016
DOI: 10.7755/FB.114.4.10
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-10-2016
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 24-03-2014
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 04-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-08-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-02-2012
No related grants have been discovered for Jennifer McIlwain.