ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4461-6144
Current Organisation
University of Sydney
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Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-07-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-01-2016
DOI: 10.1038/BJC.2015.479
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-04-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S00520-021-06221-W
Abstract: This study explored cancer survivors’ views and experiences of receiving physical activity advice post-diagnosis. We also determined the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on the recall of physical activity advice and whether receiving advice was associated with meeting physical activity guidelines. An anonymised, mixed-methods, 27-item survey was distributed to cancer survivors via online cancer communities in the UK. Of the 242 respondents, 52% recalled receiving physical activity advice. Of those who recalled receiving advice, only 30% received guidance on type of physical activity and 14% were referred to another source of information or exercise specialist. Advice was most often given after treatment cessation, with only 19% of respondents receiving advice during active treatment. Most respondents (56%) expressed a need for further information. There was no evidence of associations between sociodemographic characteristics and recall of physical activity advice. However, cancer survivors who perceived the physical activity advice they received as being appropriate (odds ratio [OR] 3.8, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.4–10.7) and those with a higher level of education (OR 3.2, 95% CI: 1.8–5.8) were more likely to meet aerobic exercise guidelines. Females were less likely to meet resistance exercise guidelines than males (OR 0.44, 95% CI: 0.21–0.90). There is scope to improve the provision of physical activity advice in cancer care by providing advice in a timely manner after diagnosis, referring patients to a suitable exercise or rehabilitation specialist when indicated, and using a tailored approach to ensure the advice is appropriate for specific sociodemographic groups.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 30-11-2022
DOI: 10.1136/BJSPORTS-2022-105820
Abstract: To summarise evidence of benefits of sport for health among people aged 60+. Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Medline, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database from inception to April 2021. RCTs investigating the effect of sport on health-related outcomes in people aged 60+ compared with non-active control. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using random-effect models. Standardised mean differences (SMD), and mean difference (MD) were calculated. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system was used to assess the certainty of the evidence for analyses with ≥3 studies. Nine trials (628 participants) reported in 15 articles were included. Participation in sport improved cardiorespiratory fitness (n=5 trials SMD=0.43, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.70 low certainty evidence), physical function (n=4 SMD=0.62, 95% CI 0.05 to 1.18 very low certainty evidence), and mental health (n=2 SMD=0.28, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.51) and reduced fat mass (n=6 MD=−0.99 kg, 95% CI −1.75kg to −0.23 kg low certainty evidence) among older people. We found no significant effects of sport on overall physical activity participation, strength, balance, lean mass and bone mineral density (BMD). One study investigating quality of life reported a positive, but non-significant effect of sport. Sport may have a positive impact on health outcomes in people aged 60+. There was uncertainty on the effect of sport on strength, balance, lean mass and BMD. Further research is needed to investigate the optimal type and dose of sport to maximise the long-term benefits among older people.
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 11-01-2021
DOI: 10.5694/MJA2.50916
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-06-2013
DOI: 10.1113/EXPPHYSIOL.2013.073353
Abstract: What is the central question of this study? Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer has been linked with increased cardiovascular risk, but the mechanisms are unclear. Is there evidence that endothelial dysfunction, as evidenced by reduced flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), is associated with ADT? What is the main finding and its importance? Reduction in FMD with preservation of glyceryl trinitrate-mediated dilatation indicates endothelial dysfunction in men with prostate cancer on long-term ADT compared with well-matched control subjects. Vascular endothelial dysfunction associated with long-term ADT for prostate cancer might explain the observed epidemiological increases in adverse cardiovascular events. Assessment of FMD may be useful in the monitoring of cardiovascular risk in men with prostate cancer on ADT. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with prostate cancer has been linked to an increased incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality, but the underpinning mechanisms are unclear. Endothelial dysfunction is considered a precursor for cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have reported variably on the association between ADT and endothelial function. This blinded case-control study examined endothelial function, using high-resolution ultrasound to measure flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)-mediated-dilatation in the brachial artery, in 20 men with prostate cancer (69 ± 7 years old) treated by ADT (median duration 22 months, range 6-133 months) and 20 men without prostate cancer (69 ± 5 years old) matched for age, physical activity, coexistent cardiovascular disease and body mass index. The magnitude of dilatation was calculated traditionally and allometrically scaled, adjusting for baseline diameter. There were no differences between groups for resting vascular measures (means ± SD). Flow-mediated dilatation was lower in men on ADT than in control subjects (3.9 ± 2.1 versus 5.9 ± 3.8% for traditional, P = 0.047 3.7 ± 2.7 versus 6.0 ± 2.7% for allometrically scaled, P = 0.023). Response to GTN was similar in both groups (12.2 ± 4.2 versus 14.8 ± 5.7% for traditional, P = 0.113 12.3 ± 4.6 versus 14.4 ± 4.6% for allometrically scaled, P = 0.163). The magnitude of difference in mean FMD between groups was marginally altered to 2.4% (95% confidence interval 0.3-4.5) after adjustment for the difference in body fat mass and concomitant cardiovascular medication, with the difference in FMD remaining significant (P = 0.029). There is evidence of endothelial dysfunction in men with prostate cancer on long-term ADT. Although a causal relationship is unproven, the findings are consistent with observational reports of adverse cardiovascular outcomes associated with long-term ADT for prostate cancer.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.EURURO.2013.09.040
Abstract: Prostate cancer is a key driver of cancer-related global disability-adjusted life-years. Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for advanced disease is linked to fatigue, reduced physical function, and quality of life (QoL). To evaluate the effect of a lifestyle intervention on disease-specific QoL, diastolic blood pressure, and cancer-related fatigue in sedentary men receiving long-term ADT for advanced prostate cancer. A total of 100 hundred sedentary men with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer on long-term ADT were randomised to an intervention or usual care group. A 12-wk lifestyle intervention consisting of aerobic and resistance exercise with parallel dietary advice. Disease-specific QoL was measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue (FACT-F) questionnaires at 12 wk postintervention and at 6 mo following withdrawal of support. Analysis of covariance and mixed regression were conducted. Clinically relevant improvements in FACT-P were seen at 12 wk in the intervention group compared with controls (mean difference: 8.9 points 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7-14.2 adjusted p=0.001). No difference was apparent at 6 mo (mean difference: 3.3 points 95% CI, -2.6 to 9.3 adjusted p=0.27). No difference in diastolic blood pressure was seen at either follow-up (all p > 0.05). Clinically relevant improvements in FACT-F were seen at 12 wk (mean difference: 5.3 points 95% CI, 2.7-7.9 adjusted p<0.001) and maintained following withdrawal of supervision (mean difference: 3.9 points 95% CI, 1.1-6.8 adjusted p=0.007). Improvements in exercise tolerance and behaviour were maintained at 6 mo (adjusted p<0.001 and 0.038). A lifestyle intervention resulted in a clinically meaningful improvement in disease-specific QoL that was not maintained postintervention. No effect on blood pressure occurred. Durability of response was seen in fatigue and exercise behaviour. Further evaluation of support structures is essential. ISRCTN88605738.
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 04-2023
Abstract: Purpose : Exercise has transient effects on the immune system that could influence infection risk and tissue recovery after exercise. Little is known about how the menstrual cycle interacts with the immune responses to acute exercise. This exploratory study sought to evaluate the effect of menstrual-cycle phase on peripheral blood mononuclear cell counts before and immediately after a bout of intense aerobic exercise. Methods : Seven naturally menstruating women (age: 27 [3] y) completed three 5-km cycling time trials coinciding with the early-follicular, late-follicular, and mid-luteal stage, confirmed by hormonal measurement. Venous blood s les were taken and examined for the presence of immune cell types using flow cytometry. Results : Reductions in circulating CCR7 + CD45RA + naïve CD4 + T cells, CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells, and CD56 + CD57 + natural killer cells observed during the early-follicular phase were attenuated when exercise was performed during the late-follicular phase. Similarly, reductions in circulating CD56 + CD57 + natural killer cells and CD14 + TLR4 + monocytes following exercise in the early-follicular phase were abolished when exercise was performed in the midluteal phase. Conclusions : These preliminary findings indicate that the effect of acute high-intensity exercise on immune-cell mobilization and activation varies across the menstrual cycle, potentially impacting the anti-inflammatory effects of regulatory T cells and the cell-mediated effects of both natural killer CD57 + cells and monocytes expressing TLR4.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 10-2014
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Stephen Gilbert.