ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6307-1581
Current Organisation
Tianjin University
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-05-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-022-20653-9
Abstract: Recent research suggests a definite distinction between indoor and outdoor microplastics (MPs). However, knowledge of different MP kinds and relative exposure via inhalation to humans in outdoor and indoor locations is lacking. Notably, MPs formed from various plastic types could have distinct features, and the relative health risk varies by environment. For ex le, outdoor polyethylene (PE) goods have recently become more popular. These products are generally of poor structure and recycled material, making them more susceptible to decay. Particularly in the outdoor environment, the constant exposure to an open-air environment increases the risk of fragmentation and atmospheric mixing and thus facilitates MP's availability. Using PE as an ex le, we aimed to emphasize the importance of explicitly defining exposure intensity and the health risk of each MP type, especially in contrasting situations such as indoor and outdoor. Unchecked and excessive use of these materials can be hazardous, whereas lowering or replacing PE with alternative plastics can significantly reduce potential health hazards.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-2023
DOI: 10.1063/5.0159621
Abstract: The environment inside airliner cabins has attracted increasing attention. Instantaneous airflow, as one of the fundamental parameters of airflow field, affects aspects of the airliner cabin environment such as occupant comfort and airborne disease transmission. This study evaluated the characteristics of instantaneous airflow in airliner cabins with different ventilation systems (mixing ventilation and displacement ventilation) and focused on the region above passengers' heads, where complex turbulence characteristics are found. This investigation used ultrasonic anemometers for measurements at ten selected points above passengers' heads. The energy ratio on the low-frequency scale with mixing ventilation was greater than that with displacement ventilation. The instantaneous airflow with mixing ventilation was close to that of natural wind, while the instantaneous airflow with displacement ventilation was close to that of mechanical wind. Compared with mixing ventilation, displacement ventilation produced a smaller vortex length and a shorter residence time. Moreover, there was no long-term vortex in the flow field under displacement ventilation, and therefore, pollutants would be discharged more quickly from the cabin. In addition, this paper distinguishes the spatial and temporal turbulence scales of mixing and displacement ventilation, thus providing a reference for the selection of grid size and time steps in computational fluid dynamics simulations.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2021
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.7200
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-05-2021
DOI: 10.3390/SU13116044
Abstract: Migratory waterbirds concentrated in freshwater ecosystems in mosaic environments rely on quality habitats for overwintering. At West Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve (WDLNNR), China, land-use change and hydrology alternation are compounding factors that have affected important wintering areas for migratory waterbirds. Presently, changes in the hydrology and landscape have reshaped natural wintering habitats and their availability, though the impact of hydrological management on habitat selection of wintering waterbirds is largely unknown. In this study, we classified differentially managed habitats and calculated their area using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to evaluate suitable habitat availability over the study period (2016–2017 and 2017–2018 wintering periods). We then used social behavioral association network (SBAN) model to compare habitat quality through species-species social interactions and species-habitat associations in lakes with different hydrological management. The results indicated that social interactions between and within species structured wintering waterbirds communities, which could be dominated by one or more species, while dominant species control the activities of other co-existing species. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests indicated significant differences in SBAN metrics between lakes (p = 0.0237) and habitat (p 0.0001) levels. Specifically, lakes with managed hydrology were preferred by more species. The managed lakes had better habitat quality in terms of significantly higher habitat areas (p 0.0001) and lower habitat transitions (p = 0.0113). Collectively, our findings suggest that proper hydrological management can provide continuous availability of quality habitats, especially mudflats and shallow waters, for a stable SBAN to ensure a wintering waterbirds community with more sympatric species in a dynamic environment.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
Location: No location found
Location: Pakistan
Location: China
No related grants have been discovered for Muhammad Azher Hassan.