ORCID Profile
0000-0001-6101-0200
Current Organisation
University of Adelaide
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-07-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S11482-023-10198-5
Abstract: To investigate whether a strong sense of coherence (SOC) modifies the association between low-income and oral and general health-related quality of life (OHRQoL and HRQoL, respectively) among a South Australian population s le and to explore the main and interaction effects of income and SOC on OHRQoL and HRQoL. Baseline data from the Dental Care and Oral Health Study (DCOHS, a South Australian representative study, 2015–2016) were used for cross-sectional analysis (n = 3,786). Four multivariable factorial ANOVA models were applied to assess the effect measure modification, main effects, and interaction of income and SOC on OHRQoL (measured using the OHIP-14) and HRQoL (measured using the EQ-5D-3L). Income and SOC had small main effects on OHRQoL. Income had a small effect and SOC had an intermediate effect on HRQoL, meaning that in iduals with strong SOC had better OHRQoL and HRQoL in all income categories. Also, high-income participants had better OHRQoL and HRQoL. The interaction between income and SOC was statistically significant on HRQoL. Among participants from low-income group, those with strong SOC had better OHRQoL (mean = 8.8, 95% CI[7.9, 9.7]) and HRQoL (mean = 1.1, 95% CI[1.0, 1.3]) than others with weak SOC (OHIP-14 mean = 12.7, 95% CI[11.7, 13.6]) and (EQ-5D-3L mean = 2.0, 95% CI[1.9, 2.2]). The findings showed the main effects and interaction between SOC and income on OHRQoL and HRQoL. Income had different effects on OHRQoL and HRQoL depending on whether SOC was strong or weak. Findings suggested that strong SOC modified the association between low-income and OHRQoL and HRQoL.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-03-2016
DOI: 10.1117/12.2192525
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-02-2022
DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2031941
Abstract: Although HRQoL tools such as the EQ-5D-3L are significant in determining health status, these measures have not been validated in general populations in Australia. This study aims to psychometrically validate the EQ-5D-3L in a large population s le in Australia for the first time. The EQ-5D-3L was included in the Dental Care and Oral Health study (DCOHS), conducted in a South Australian population s le. The participants were 23-91 years old, and 44.1% were male. The EQ-5D-3L was responded to on a three-point rating scale ("none"/"no", "some" and "extremely"/"unable"/"confined"). We employed the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) to evaluate whether the EQ-5D-3L total score could identify participants with diagnosed diseases and mental health disorders. Psychometric validation of the EQ-5D-3L investigated dimensionality with Exploratory Graph Analysis, model fit, floor/ceiling effects and criterion validity. The EQ-5D-3L comprised two dimensions, Activities and Symptoms. According to Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA) ( .950), the 2-dimensional structure showed excellent model fit with good reliability for the Activities subscale (Ω Despite the ceiling effects, the EQ-5D-3L displayed good psychometric properties as an HRQoL measure and discriminated between health states in the general South Australian population. Further research should investigate the psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L in South Australia and whether an increased number of response categories can mitigate the observed ceiling effects.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-06-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S12144-023-04827-3
Abstract: The aim was to investigate whether the "Big Five" personality traits modify the association between household income and life satisfaction (LF) and to evaluate the interaction and main effects of personality traits and income on LF. Data from the Dental Care and Oral Health Study (DCOHS, 2015–2016) was used for the cross-sectional study (n = 3,475). Multivariable Poisson regression models (adjusted for demographics and health behaviours) assessed the effect of personality traits (measured using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory) on the association between income and LF (measured by the Satisfaction With Life Scale) using prevalence ratios (PRs). The Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI) was calculated to assess the direction of effect modification. Among low-income respondents, low LF was less prevalent in those with high personality trait scores than those with low scores. The difference in the prevalence of low LF by personality traits was greater between low versus high income for openness (11.4% vs 7.7%), agreeableness (12.3% vs 9.4%) and emotional stability (26.1% vs 20.2%) categories. The combined effects of low income and low scores for these traits on LF also exceeded the sum of their in idual effects, as shown by their positive RERIs. The association between low income and low LF was modified by high openness, agreeableness and emotional stability scores. Findings suggest that psychological interventions for improving LF would be most beneficial in low-income groups.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-08-2022
DOI: 10.1111/EOS.12893
Abstract: The association of low income with poor health is widely recognized, but why some low-income in iduals do not experience poor health remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether greater positive personality trait scores modify the association between income and oral and general health-related quality of life (OHRQoL and HRQoL) among a representative s le of the South Australian population. Cross-sectional self-rated questionnaire data from a s le of 3645 adults in 2015-2016 were used for secondary analysis. In four factorial ANOVA models, the main effects, interaction, and effect modification of personality traits [measured using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI)] on the association between income and OHRQoL [measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14)] and HRQoL [measured using the European Quality of Life indicator (EQ-5D-3L)] were assessed. In the low-income group, participants with greater TIPI scale scores had lower means for the OHIP-14 and the EQ-5D-3L (better OHRQoL and HRQoL). Greater emotional stability scores modified the association between low income and HRQoL and OHRQoL. Stronger positive personality traits, such as emotional stability, appear to ameliorate the adverse effect of income inequalities in health.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-11-2023
DOI: 10.1111/CDOE.12804
Abstract: This study aimed to estimate the effects of positive personality traits (PTs) in income and self-rated dental and general health (SRDH and SRGH) associations in a large South Australian s le. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using self-reported data collected from 3578 adults (2015-2016). Multivariable regression models assessed the main effects and interactions of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and income with SRDH and SRGH. Prevalence ratios (PR) of poor health ratings were estimated using Poisson regression. Among all respondents, high-income in iduals with stronger Conscientiousness scores had the lowest prevalence of poor SRGH (0.8%), while those with stronger Extraversion (2.9%) and Agreeableness scores (3.4%) had the lowest prevalence of poor SRDH. Poor SRGH was related to weak Conscientiousness (PR = 6.9, 95% CI [2.3-20.8]) and Emotional Stability scores (PR = 6.0, 95% CI [2.0-18.3]), while poor SRDH was associated with weak Extraversion (PR = 2.3, 95% CI [1.2-4.5]), Agreeableness (PR = 1.8, 95% CI [1.0-3.2]) and Conscientiousness scores (PR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.1-4.0]). Among low-income people, poor health ratings were less prevalent in those with stronger positive PTs scores versus weaker scores. Among low-income respondents, poor SRGH was lower in in iduals with stronger versus weaker Conscientiousness scores (10.9% vs 16.2%), and poor SRDH showed lower prevalence in participants with stronger versus weaker Agreeableness scores (18.1% vs 22.6%). Findings showed the association between PTs and the prevalence of poor SRDH and SRGH. Stronger positive PTs modified the self-rated health inequalities associated with low income in a representative s le of the South Australian population.
No related grants have been discovered for Mehrsa Zakershahrak.