ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0812-4484
Current Organisations
University of Adelaide
,
Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
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Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1071/FP14022
Abstract: In arid regions many tree species develop broad crowns. A number of hypotheses involve trade-offs between growth in height and horizontal spreading, but there is no explanation for the switch from vertical to horizontal growth during development. Using Acacia papyrocarpa Benth as a model, we measured tree height and crown shape across different sites and topographic positions. We also measured δ13C of phyllodes from crown tops and lateral spreading branches. Trees were significantly taller at the base of a hill, where water availability is typically greater, than on the adjacent steep hillslope. In contrast, δ13C from the treetops was not significantly different across this topographic gradient, despite variation in tree height. In addition, δ13C was higher at treetops than in lower, lateral branches. These observations are consistent with hydraulic limitation to tree height. The shape of mature and young crowns in open environments was not symmetrical. At all sites, branches were shortest, but tree crowns tallest, on south-facing (i.e. shadiest) aspect of crowns. This suggests that light limitation may also affect crown development. If upper branches become water-limited and lower branches light-limited, then middle lateral branches become the less-stressed part of the crown and may grow more, producing a broad crown.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 10-2013
DOI: 10.1002/JGRC.20319
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2007
DOI: 10.1890/06-0615.1
Abstract: In topographically complex terrains, downslope movement of soil organic carbon (OC) can influence local carbon balance. The primary purpose of the present analysis is to compare the magnitude of OC displacement by erosion with ecosystem metabolism in such a complex terrain. Does erosion matter in this ecosystem carbon balance? We have used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) erosion model to estimate lateral fluxes of OC in a watershed in northwestern Mexico. The watershed (4900 km2) has an average slope of 10 degrees +/- 9 degrees (mean +/- SD) 45% is >10 degrees, and 3% is >30 degrees. Land cover is primarily shrublands (69%) and agricultural lands (22%). Estimated bulk soil erosion averages 1350 Mg x km(-2) x yr(-1). We estimate that there is insignificant erosion on slopes < 2 degrees and that 20% of the area can be considered depositional. Estimated OC erosion rates are 10 Mg x km(-2) x yr(-1) for areas steeper than 2 degrees. Over the entire area, erosion is approximately 50% higher on shrublands than on agricultural lands, but within slope classes, erosion rates are more rapid on agricultural areas. For the whole system, estimated OC erosion is approximately 2% of net primary production (NPP), increasing in high-slope areas to approximately 3% of NPP. Deposition of eroded OC in low-slope areas is approximately 10% of low-slope NPP. Soil OC movement from erosional slopes to alluvial fans alters the mosaic of OC metabolism and storage across the landscape.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2002
Publisher: Sociedad Entomologica Argentina
Date: 31-03-2022
DOI: 10.25085/RSEA.810101
Abstract: The Asian giant hornet represents a threat to the global agricultural sector, as it is a species with predatory and invasive behavior that directly affects honey bees (Apis melifera), the main pollination agents of fruit trees, vegetables and seed production. The objective of the research was to develop a spatial diagnosis of the health risk associated with Vespa mandarinia Smith due to its possible impact on the Mexican agrifood sector. For this purpose, economically important crops were identified, grouped by pollination percentage and the potential distribution of the Asian giant hornet was identified using the maximum entropy model. The resulting health risk cartographic model allowed the identification of areas with different health risk indices (low, medium, high and very high), as well as the definition of priority areas spatially represented in quadrants and agri-food clusters at risk (clusters). These results are presented as a geotechnological tool that can strengthen the planning of epidemiological surveillance in Mexico, which has the potential to contribute to the establishment of preventive strategies to address the health risk posed by V. mandarinia to the Mexican agricultural sector.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2004
DOI: 10.1890/03-3115
Publisher: Instituto de Geografia, UNAM
Date: 30-11-2021
DOI: 10.14350/RIG.60466
Abstract: La comúnmente llamada Fusariosis de las musáceas es un patógeno que representa una amenaza para la seguridad alimentaria global. Es responsable de pérdidas considerables en la producción de plátano y banano en el mundo. Por casi 30 años, su presencia se restringió al Sureste asiático, sin embargo, en agosto de 2019 se detectó por vez primera en Colombia y se consideró un nuevo riesgo fitosanitario en América. Se modelaron los patrones espaciales de Fusarium oxysporum, f. sp. cubense raza 4 tropical (FocR4T) a nivel global y subcontinental (América pantropical) bajo un enfoque que integró los componentes epidémico y espacial, e incluyó la distribución potencial (patógeno/hospedante) y el potencial de daño económico por asociación espacial de nodos comerciales (origen/destino), lo cual se integró mediante la evaluación multicriterio (MCDA). A nivel territorial se caracterizaron cinco niveles de riesgo fitosanitario (muy alto, alto, medio, bajo y muy bajo). A escala global se determinó la existencia de cuatro áreas focales donde existen condiciones para la ocurrencia de la enfermedad. En la América pantropical se determinó la existencia de 26 598 km2 en riesgo fitosanitario muy alto ( .9) ubicado por mayor extensión en Ecuador, Brasil, México, Guyana, Guatemala, Venezuela, Panamá y Colombia, aunque también existen 15.8 millones de km2 con un nivel de riesgo inferior. La cartografía obtenida representa una herramienta valiosa para fortalecer y direccionar las acciones preventivas en la dispersión de este patógeno en la región y se considera un insumo técnico/científico que fortalece el análisis de riesgo de plagas realizado por las organizaciones regionales y nacionales de protección fitosanitaria.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 02-2016
DOI: 10.1002/2015JG003169
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2002
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-05-2011
No related grants have been discovered for Martín Escoto-Rodríguez.