ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0200-4828
Current Organisation
Bond University
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Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 26-01-2004
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 26-01-2004
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-01-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-12-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-01-2009
Publisher: National Institute for Health and Care Research
Date: 03-2014
DOI: 10.3310/HTA18160
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 19-10-2005
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-04-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-12-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-06-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-02-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-07-2005
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Date: 05-2007
DOI: 10.1192/BJP.BP.106.026880
Abstract: Chinese herbal medicine has been used to treat millions of people with schizophrenia for thousands of years. To evaluate Chinese herbal medicine as a treatment for schizophrenia. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Seven trials were included. Most studies evaluated Chinese herbal medicine in combination with Western antipsychotic drugs in these trials results tended to favour combination treatment compared with antipsychotic alone (Clinical Global Impression ‘not improved/worse’ n= 123, RR=0.19, 95% CI 0.1-0.6, NNT=6,95% CI 5–11 n =109, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ‘not improved/worse’ RR=0.78,95% CI 0.5-1.2 n =109, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms ‘not improved/worse’ RR=0.87,95% CI 0.7-1.2 n= 109, Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms ‘not improved/worse’ RR=0.69,95% CI 0.5-1.0, NNT=6 95% CI 4-162). Medium-term study attrition was significantly less for people allocated the herbal/antipsychotic mix (n =897, four RCTs, RR=0.34,95% CI 0.2–0.7, NNT=23,95% CI 18-43). Results suggest that combining Chinese herbal medicine with antipsychotics is beneficial.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-02-2011
DOI: 10.1002/BJS.7434
Abstract: Concern over the frequency of unintended harm to patients has focused attention on the importance of teamwork and communication in avoiding errors. This has led to experiments with teamwork training programmes for clinical staff, mostly based on aviation models. These are widely assumed to be effective in improving patient safety, but the extent to which this assumption is justified by evidence remains unclear. A systematic literature review on the effects of teamwork training for clinical staff was performed. Information was sought on outcomes including staff attitudes, teamwork skills, technical performance, efficiency and clinical outcomes. Of 1036 relevant abstracts identified, 14 articles were analysed in detail: four randomized trials and ten non-randomized studies. Overall study quality was poor, with particular problems over blinding, subjective measures and Hawthorne effects. Few studies reported on every outcome category. Most reported improved staff attitudes, and six of eight reported significantly better teamwork after training. Five of eight studies reported improved technical performance, improved efficiency or reduced errors. Three studies reported evidence of clinical benefit, but this was modest or of borderline significance in each case. Studies with a stronger intervention were more likely to report benefits than those providing less training. None of the randomized trials found evidence of technical or clinical benefit. The evidence for technical or clinical benefit from teamwork training in medicine is weak. There is some evidence of benefit from studies with more intensive training programmes, but better quality research and cost-benefit analysis are needed.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-10-2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-01-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-01-2014
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 16-07-2008
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 17-07-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-04-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-05-2007
DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0447.2007.01027.X
Abstract: China's biomedical research activity is increasing and this literature is becoming more accessible online. Our aim was to survey all randomized control schizophrenia trials (RCTs) in one Chinese bibliographic database. Chinese Academic Journals was electronically searched for RCTs and all relevant citations were also sought on PubMed to ascertain global accessibility. The search identified 3275 records, of which 982 were RCTs relevant to schizophrenia. A total of 71% (699) could be found by using English phrases. All the main body of text of the 982 papers was in Mandarin. On average, these trials involved about 100 people, with interventions and outcome measures familiar to schizophrenia trialists worldwide. Four of the 982 records (<1%) were identified on PubMed. Those undertaking systematic reviews should search the Chinese literature for relevant material. Failing to do this will leave the results of systematic reviews prone to random error or bias, or both.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-01-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-04-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S00586-023-07567-X
Abstract: The rate of elective lumbar fusion has continued to increase over the past two decades. However, there remains to be a consensus on the optimal fusion technique. This study aims to compare stand-alone anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) with posterior fusion techniques in patients with spondylolisthesis and degenerative disc disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available literature. A systematic review was performed by searching the Cochrane Register of Trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE from inception to 2022. In the two-stage screening process, three reviewers independently reviewed titles and abstracts. The full-text reports of the remaining studies were then inspected for eligibility. Conflicts were resolved through consensus discussion. Two reviewers then extracted study data, assessed it for quality, and analysed it. After the initial search and removal of duplicate records, 16,435 studies were screened. Twenty-one eligible studies (3686 patients) were ultimately included, which compared stand-alone ALIF with posterior approaches such as posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), and posterolateral lumbar fusion (PLF). A meta-analysis showed surgical time and blood loss was significantly lower in ALIF than in TLIF/PLIF, but not in those who underwent PLF ( p = 0.08). The length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in ALIF than in TLIF, but not in PLIF or PLF. Fusion rates were similar between the ALIF and posterior approaches. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores for back and leg pain were not significantly different between the ALIF and PLIF/TLIF groups. However, VAS back pain favoured ALIF over PLF at one year ( n = 21, MD − 1.00, CI − 1.47, − 0.53), and at two years (2 studies, n = 67, MD − 1.39, CI − 1.67, − 1.11). The VAS leg pain scores ( n = 46, MD 0.50, CI 0.12 to 0.88) at two years significantly favoured PLF. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores at one year were not significantly different between ALIF and the posterior approaches. At two years, ODI scores were also similar between the ALIF and the TLIF/PLIF. However, the ODI scores at two years (2 studies, n = 67, MD − 7.59, CI − 13.33, − 1.85) significantly favoured ALIF over PLF ( I 2 = 70%). The Japanese Orthopaedic Association Score (JOAS) for low back pain at one year ( n = 21, MD − 0.50, CI − 0.78) and two years (two studies, n = 67, MD − 0.36, CI − 0.65, − 0.07) significantly favoured ALIF over PLF. No significant differences were found in leg pain at the 2-year follow-up. Adverse events displayed no significant differences between the ALIF and posterior approaches. Stand-alone-ALIF demonstrated a shorter operative time and less blood loss than the PLIF/TLIF approach. Hospitalisation time is reduced with ALIF compared with TLIF. Patient-reported outcome measures were equivocal with PLIF or TLIF. VAS and JOAS, back pain, and ODI scores mainly favoured ALIF over PLF. Adverse events were equivocal between the ALIF and posterior fusion approaches.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-12-2011
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 18-10-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-10-2014
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-09-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-10-2006
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 19-04-2004
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 19-10-2005
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 18-10-2004
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-04-2005
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-07-2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-10-2005
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-03-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-07-2001
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-10-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-10-2005
Abstract: Chlorpromazine (CPZ) remains one of the most common drugs used for people with schizophrenia worldwide, and a benchmark against which other treatments can be evaluated. Quantitative reviews are rare this one evaluates the effects of chlorpromazine in the treatment of schizophrenia in comparison with placebo. We sought all relevant randomised controlled trials (RCT) comparing chlorpromazine to placebo by electronic and reference searching, and by contacting trial authors and the pharmaceutical industry. Data were extracted from selected trials and, where possible, synthesised and random effects relative risk (RR), the number needed to treat (NNT) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated. Fifty RCTs from 1955–2000 were included with 5276 people randomised to CPZ or placebo. They constitute 2008 person-years spent in trials. Meta-analysis of these trials showed that chlorpromazine promotes a global improvement (n = 1121, 13 RCTs, RR 0.76 CI 0.7 to 0.9, NNT 7 CI 5 to 10), although a considerable placebo response is also seen. People allocated to chlorpromazine tended not to leave trials early in both the short (n = 945, 16 RCTs, RR 0.74 CI 0.5 to 1.1) and medium term (n = 1861, 25 RCTs, RR 0.79 CI 0.6 to 1.1). There were, however, many adverse effects. Chlorpromazine is sedating (n = 1242, 18 RCTs, RR 2.3 CI 1.7 to 3.1, NNH 6 CI 5 to 8), increases a person's chances of experiencing acute movement disorders, Parkinsonism and causes low blood pressure with dizziness and dry mouth. It is understandable why the World Health Organization (WHO) have endorsed and included chlorpromazine in their list of essential drugs for use in schizophrenia. Low- and middle-income countries may have more complete evidence upon which to base their practice compared with richer nations using recent innovations.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-08-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-06-2011
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 18-07-2007
Publisher: National Institute for Health and Care Research
Date: 10-2012
DOI: 10.3310/HTA16370
Abstract: Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which typically presents when the disease is at an advanced stage. The majority of patients receive first-line therapy of rituximab in combination with chemotherapy, with two-thirds receiving cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone. The clinical and cost-effectiveness of other chemotherapies in combination with rituximab in first-line therapy is not known. To systematically evaluate and appraise the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of rituximab (MabThera(®), Roche Products) in combination with chemotherapy, compared with chemotherapy alone, for the first-line treatment of symptomatic stage III-IV FL. A systematic review of literature and an economic evaluation were carried out. Key databases [including MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) EMBASE The Cochrane Library, including the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED) and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) databases Science Citation Index (SCI) and BIOSIS], plus research registers and conference proceedings, were searched for relevant studies from inception up to October 2010. One reviewer assessed titles and abstracts of studies identified by the search strategy, obtained the full text of relevant papers and screened them against inclusion criteria. Data from included studies were extracted by one reviewer using a standardised data extraction form and checked by a second reviewer. The quality of included studies was assessed by one reviewer and checked by a second. A patient-level simulation model was developed to estimate the costs and quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gains from the perspective of the UK NHS and Personal Social Services, with costs and benefits discounted at 3.5% annually. Four randomised controlled trials comparing rituximab plus chemotherapy (R-chemotherapy) with chemotherapy alone in untreated, symptomatic patients with stage III-IV FL were identified. R-chemotherapy compared with chemotherapy alone increased the likelihood of a response to treatment in all four trials, with no additional toxicity of clinical relevance. Overall response rates were significantly improved in all four trials, with a difference between the R-chemotherapy and chemotherapy arms of between 5% and 24%, respectively. Complete response rates were also improved, with a difference between the R-chemotherapy and chemotherapy arms of between 2% and 25%, respectively. Exploratory meta-analyses were conducted the level of statistical heterogeneity was very high and thus we believe the response rates from the in idual trials to be a more robust estimator of the efficacy of the specific R-chemotherapy regimens. Over a follow-up period of 4-5 years, R-chemotherapy significantly increased the overall survival rate compared with chemotherapy alone in three trials, although data for two trials were compromised owing to the use of additional treatments. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for the addition of rituximab to CVP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone), CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin/adriamycin, vincristine and prednisolone) and MCP [mitoxantrone, chlorambucil (Leukeran(®), Aspen) and prednisolone] was £7720, £10,834 and £9316 per QALY gained, respectively, when it was assumed that first-line rituximab maintenance was not used. A scenario analysis is also presented, assuming that responders to R-chemotherapy in first-line induction receive maintenance with rituximab, increasing the ICER to £14,959, £21,687 and £20,493 per QALY gained, respectively. These relate to the sources of data used for the effectiveness in first and second line and the assumed utility values there is uncertainty about the effect of salvage treatment on patients who had been previously treated with an anthracycline regimen. There is uncertainty whether or not rituximab is as effective in second-line treatment when patients have been previously treated with rituximab. The results from four randomised trials comparing R-chemotherapy with chemotherapy alone showed an improvement in clinical effectiveness outcomes, with minimal clinically relevant additional adverse events or toxicity. The cost per QALY gained is estimated to be < £25,000 for all three comparisons under our base-case assumption and is considerably lower if first-line rituximab maintenance is not assumed. More data on patients pre-treated with rituximab and on the effect of first-line maintenance with rituximab is required for future work. The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-08-2018
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 18-10-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-10-2004
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-11-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-02-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-02-2016
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 22-04-2003
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-12-2014
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 21-07-2003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-01-2014
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Date: 18-04-2007
No related grants have been discovered for John Rathbone.