ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5017-9622
Current Organisations
University of Toronto Dalla Lana School of Public Health
,
University of Toronto
,
Queensland University of Technology
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Publisher: The University of Queensland
Date: 11-12-2020
DOI: 10.14264/8C3EE36
Publisher: Pleiades Publishing Ltd
Date: 07-2015
Publisher: The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR)
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-11-2022
DOI: 10.3390/CURRONCOL29110679
Abstract: Outcome disparities between adults with colorectal cancer (CRC) and older adults may be explained by clinical delays. This study synthesized the literature comparing delays and outcomes between younger and older adults with CRC. Databases were searched until December 2021. We included studies published after 1990 reporting delay in adults that made comparisons to older adults. Comparisons were described narratively and stage between age groups was meta-analyzed. 39 studies were included representing 185,710 younger CRC patients and 1,422,062 older patients. Sixteen delay intervals were compared. Fourteen studies (36%) found significantly longer delays among younger adults, and nine (23%) found shorter delays among younger patients. Twelve studies compared time from symptom onset to diagnosis (N younger = 1538). Five showed significantly longer delays for younger adults. Adults years also had higher odds of advanced stage (16 studies, pooled OR for Stage III/IV 1.76, 95% CI 1.52–2.03). Ten studies compared time from diagnosis to treatment (N younger = 171,726) with 4 showing significantly shorter delays for younger adults. All studies showing longer delays for younger adults examined pre-diagnostic intervals. Three studies compared the impact of delay on younger versus older adult. One showed longer delays were associated with advanced stage and worse survival in younger but not older adults. Longer delays among younger adults with CRC occur in pre-diagnostic intervals.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-11-2021
DOI: 10.3390/APP112211006
Abstract: Numerical models are associated with uncertainties that can be reduced through data assimilation (DA). Lower costs have driven a recent tendency to use Lagrangian instruments such as drifters and floats to obtain information about water bodies. However, difficulties emerge in their assimilation, since Lagrangian data are set out in a moving frame of reference and are not compatible with the fixed grid locations used in models to predict flow variables. We applied a pseudo-Lagrangian approach using OpenDA, an open-source DA tool to assimilate Lagrangian drifter data into an estuarine hydrodynamic model. Despite inherent challenges with using drifter datasets, the work showed that low-cost, low-resolution drifters can provide a relatively higher improvement over the Eulerian dataset due to the larger area coverage of the drifter. We showed that the assimilation of Lagrangian data obtained from GPS-tracked drifters in a tidal channel for a few hours can significantly improve modelled velocity fields (up to 30% herein). A 40% improvement in residual current direction was obtained when assimilating both Lagrangian and Eulerian data. We conclude that the best results are achieved when both Lagrangian and Eulerian datasets are assimilated into the hydrodynamic model.
Publisher: The University of Queensland
Date: 11-12-2020
DOI: 10.14264/739522A
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-2022
DOI: 10.1136/BMJGAST-2022-001022
Abstract: Clinical delays may be important contributors to outcomes among younger adults ( years) with colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to describe delay intervals for younger adults with CRC using health administrative data to understand drivers of delay in this population. This was a population-based study of adults diagnosed with CRC in Ontario, Canada from 2003 to 2018. Using administrative code-based algorithms (including billing codes), we identified four time points along the pathway to treatment—first presentation with a CRC-related symptom, first investigation, diagnosis date and treatment start. Intervals between these time points were calculated. Multivariable quantile regression was performed to explore associations between patient and disease factors with the median length of each interval. 6853 patients aged 15–49 were diagnosed with CRC and met the inclusion criteria. Males comprised 52% of the cohort, the median age was 45 years (IQR 40–47), and 25% had stage IV disease. The median time from presentation to treatment start (overall interval) was 109 days (IQR 55–218). Time between presentation and first investigation was short (median 5 days), as was time between diagnosis and treatment start (median 23 days). The greatest component of delay occurred between first investigation and diagnosis (median 78 days). Women, patients with distal tumours, and patients with earlier stage disease had significantly longer overall intervals. Some younger CRC patients experience prolonged times from presentation to treatment, and time between first investigation to diagnosis was an important contributor. Access to endoscopy may be a target for intervention.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-2023
DOI: 10.1136/BMJGAST-2023-001129
Abstract: Non-pharmacological interventions to improve patient-reported outcomes of colonoscopy may be effective at mitigating negative experiences and perceptions of the procedure, but research to characterise the extent and features of studies of these interventions is limited. We conducted a scoping review searching multiple databases for peer-reviewed publications of randomised controlled trials conducted in adults investigating a non-pharmacological intervention to improve patient-reported outcomes of colonoscopy. Study characteristics were tabulated and summarised narratively and graphically. We screened 5939 citations and 962 full texts, and included 245 publications from 39 countries published between 1992 and 2022. Of these, 80.8% were full publications and 19.2% were abstracts. Of the 41.9% of studies reporting funding sources, 11.4% were unfunded. The most common interventions were carbon dioxide and/or water insufflation methods (33.9%), complementary and alternative medicines (eg, acupuncture) (20.0%), and colonoscope technology (eg, magnetic scope guide) (21.6%). Pain was as an outcome across 82.0% of studies. Studies most often used a patient-reported outcome examining patient experience during the procedure (60.0%), but 42.9% of studies included an outcome without specifying the time that the patient experienced the outcome. Most intraprocedural patient-reported outcomes were measured retrospectively rather than contemporaneously, although studies varied in terms of when outcomes were assessed. Research on non-pharmacological interventions to improve patient-reported outcomes of colonoscopy is unevenly distributed across types of intervention and features high variation in study design and reporting, in particular around outcomes. Future research efforts into non-pharmacological interventions to improve patient-reported outcomes of colonoscopy should be directed at underinvestigated interventions and developing consensus-based guidelines for study design, with particular attention to how and when outcomes are experienced and measured. 42020173906.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-07-2018
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Date: 16-10-2020
Abstract: Tidal estuaries support everyday functions for over 80% of Australia's population living within 50 km of the coastline and thus come under immense pressure of physicochemical changes. Most studies in estuarine applications have used the bed roughness as the single calibration parameter to calibrate hydrodynamic modelling, yet errors in bathymetric data can significantly impose uncertainties into the model outputs. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity of a hydrodynamic model of a micro-tidal estuary to both the bed roughness and bathymetry offset through comparing observed and modelled water level and velocity. Treating both bathymetry offset and bed roughness as calibration parameters, three calibration scenarios were tested to examine the impact of these parameters. To validate the model, Lagrangian drifter data as a new dataset in shallow estuaries were used. The analysis shows that model outputs are more sensitive to the variation of bathymetry offset than bed roughness. Results show that calibrating the bathymetry offset alone can significantly improve model performance. Simultaneous calibration of both parameters can provide further improvement, particularly for capturing the water level. Drifter and modelled velocities are highly correlated during flood tides, whereas the correlation is low for slack water because of wind-induced current on drifters.
Publisher: The University of Queensland
Date: 11-12-2020
DOI: 10.14264/7847A45
Location: Canada
Location: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
No related grants have been discovered for Mohammadreza Khanarmuei.