ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4280-9946
Current Organisation
University of Valencia
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 1998
DOI: 10.3109/02770909809071005
Abstract: A Spanish-language questionnaire designed for measuring the impact of asthma on quality of life in adults was developed. It was derived, by the application of a rigorous translation protocol, from a previously validated, English-language Asthma Quality of Life (AQL) questionnaire which had been developed in Australia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish AQL questionnaire using a cross-sectional and longitudinal design. Two hundred ninety-four clinically stable subjects with asthma (168 women, mean baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 sec [FEV1] = 85% predicted), aged 17-70, attended for the initial baseline assessment. All subjects completed the AQL questionnaire and a full history and physical examination were performed. The clinical assessment of severity was based on the classification recommended by the Global Initiative on Asthma (GINA). One week after the initial assessment subjects completed the AQL questionnaire for a second time. Six months later, subjects were assessed clinically and completed all the assessment measures at baseline. Principal components analysis of the AQL questionnaire responses at the baseline visit revealed a structure that was almost identical to that seen in the original English-language questionnaire. The questionnaire was shown to be internally consistent (Cronbach's alpha 0.91 for total score and 0.80-0.86 for the four subscales) and repeatable (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.91 for the total scale and 0.78-0.92 for the subscales). The finding of expected strong correlations with the subject's global assessment of severity (p = 0.70) and dyspnea (p = 0.63), a weak inverse correlation with FEV1 (p = -0.17), and good discrimination among the four GINA severity categories (F3,291 = 37.16, p < 0.0001) supports the construct validity of the questionnaire. AQL scores increased with age (p = 0.31) and were higher in women (p < 0.005). The AQL was responsive to both improvement (mean change 1.02, p < 0.0001) and deterioration (mean change -1.13, p < 0.001) in the severity of asthma over a 6-month period. This disease-specific, Spanish-language AQL questionnaire was shown to have sound psychometric properties which make it suitable for use in cross-sectional or longitudinal studies where it is appropriate to assess the impact of asthma on the quality of life of in idual patients.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-06-2016
DOI: 10.1002/HUP.2541
Abstract: To assess rates of psychotropic medication use in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in seven different countries on five continents and to compare these with international treatment guidelines. Researchers in the field of OCD were invited to contribute summary statistics on the characteristics of their patients with OCD and on their incidence of psychotropic use. Consistency of summary statistics across countries was evaluated. The data came from Brazil (n = 955), Italy (n = 750), South Africa (n = 555), Japan (n = 382), Australia (n = 213), India (n = 202) and Spain (n = 82). The majority (77.9% n = 2445) of the total s le of 3139 participants received a psychotropic medication. Consistent with international guidelines, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were most commonly used (73.5%, n = 1796), but their use ranged from 59% in Australia to 96% in Japan. Clomipramine use varied from 5% in Japan and South Africa to 26% in India and Italy. Atypical antipsychotic use ranged from 12% in South Africa to 50% in Japan. Pharmacotherapy for OCD varied significantly across sites. Prospective studies are required to determine the cultural, pharmacoeconomic and pharmacogenomic factors that may play a role in the variation in prescribing practices internationally and whether these variations influence treatment outcomes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.COMPPSYCH.2017.04.002
Abstract: To collate data from multiple obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) treatment centers across seven countries and five continents, and to report findings in relation to OCD comorbidity, age of onset of OCD and comorbid disorders, and suicidality, in a large clinical and ethnically erse s le, with the aim of investigating cultural variation and the utility of the psychiatric diagnostic classification of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. Researchers in the field of OCD were invited to contribute summary statistics on current and lifetime psychiatric comorbidity, age of onset of OCD and comorbid disorders and suicidality in their patients with OCD. Data from 3711 adult patients with primary OCD came from Brazil (n=955), India (n=802), Italy (n=750), South Africa (n=565), Japan (n=322), Australia (n=219), and Spain (n=98). The most common current comorbid disorders were major depressive disorder (28.4% n=1055), obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (24.5%, n=478), generalized anxiety disorder (19.3%, n=716), specific phobia (19.2%, n=714) and social phobia (18.5%, n=686). Major depression was also the most commonly co-occurring lifetime diagnosis, with a rate of 50.5% (n=1874). OCD generally had an age of onset in late adolescence (mean=17.9years, SD=1.9). Social phobia, specific phobia and body dysmorphic disorder also had an early age of onset. Co-occurring major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and psychotic disorders tended to have a later age of onset than OCD. Suicidal ideation within the last month was reported by 6.4% (n=200) of patients with OCD and 9.0% (n=314) reported a lifetime history of suicide attempt. In this large cross-continental study, comorbidity in OCD was common. The high rates of comorbid major depression and anxiety disorders emphasize the need for clinicians to assess and monitor for these disorders. Earlier ages of onset of OCD, specific phobia and social phobia may indicate some relatedness between these disorders, but this requires further study. Although there do not appear to be significant cultural variations in rates or patterns of comorbidity and suicidality, further research using similar recruitment strategies and controlling for demographic and clinical variables may help to determine whether any sociocultural factors protect against suicidal ideation or psychiatric comorbidity in patients with OCD.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1002/HUP.2686
Abstract: The objective of this study was to characterise international trends in the use of psychotropic medication, psychological therapies, and novel therapies used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Researchers in the field of OCD were invited to contribute summary statistics on the characteristics of their s les. Consistency of summary statistics across countries was evaluated. The study surveyed 19 expert centres from 15 countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, China, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States) providing a total s le of 7,340 participants. Fluoxetine (n = 972 13.2%) and fluvoxamine (n = 913 12.4%) were the most commonly used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications. Risperidone (n = 428 7.3%) and aripiprazole (n = 415 7.1%) were the most commonly used antipsychotic agents. Neurostimulation techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation, gamma knife surgery, and psychosurgery were used in less than 1% of the s le. There was significant variation in the use and accessibility of exposure and response prevention for OCD. The variation between countries in treatments used for OCD needs further evaluation. Exposure and response prevention is not used as frequently as guidelines suggest and appears difficult to access in most countries. Updated treatment guidelines are recommended.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
No related grants have been discovered for Amparo Belloch.