ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1195-6393
Current Organisation
Menzies School of Health Research
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Gender Specific Studies | Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified | Family and Household Studies | Public Health and Health Services
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-10-2021
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13188
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 11-2017
Abstract: eal-time ecological momentary interventions have shown promising effects in domains other than alcohol use however, only few studies regarding ecological momentary interventions for alcohol use have been conducted thus far. The increasing popularity of smartphones offers new avenues for intervention and innovation in data collection. e aimed to test the efficacy of an ecological momentary intervention, comprising mobile Web-based ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) and text messaging (short message service, SMS) brief interventions, delivered during drinking events using participants’ mobile phones. e conducted a three-armed randomized controlled trial to assess the effect of a mobile Web-based ecological momentary assessment with texting feedback on self-reported alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harms in young adults. Participants were enrolled from an existing observational cohort study of young adults screened for risky drinking behavior. The intervention group (ecological momentary intervention group) completed repeated ecological momentary assessments during 6 drinking events and received immediate texting-based feedback in response to each ecological momentary assessment. The second group (ecological momentary assessment group) completed ecological momentary assessments without the brief intervention, and the third did not receive any contact during the trial period. Recent peak risky single-occasion drinking was assessed at the baseline and follow-up using telephone interviews. We used a random effects mixed modeling approach using maximum likelihood estimation to provide estimates of differences in mean drinking levels between groups between baseline and 12-week follow-up. total of 269 participants were randomized into the 3 groups. The ecological momentary intervention group exhibited a small and nonsignificant increase between baseline and follow-up in (geometric) the mean number of standard drinks consumed at the most recent heavy drinking occasion (mean 12.5 vs 12.7). Both ecological momentary assessment and control groups exhibited a nonsignificant decrease (ecological momentary assessment: mean 13.8 vs 11.8 control: mean 12.3 vs 11.6) these changes did not differ significantly between groups (Wald χ22 1.6 P=.437) and the magnitude of the effects of the intervention were markedly small. No other significant differences between groups on measures of alcohol consumption or related harms were observed. The intervention acceptability was high despite the technical problems in delivery. ith a small number of participants, this study showed few effects of an SMS-based brief intervention on peak risky single-occasion drinking. Nevertheless, the study highlights areas for further investigation into the effects of EMI on young adults with heavy alcohol consumption. ustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12616001323415 www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=369534 (Archived by WebCite at 074mqwcs)
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 05-12-2022
Abstract: eers are an important determinant of health and well-being during late adolescence however, there is limited quantitative research examining peer influence. Previous peer network research with adolescents faced methodological limitations and difficulties recruiting young people. his study aims to determine whether a web-based peer network survey is effective at recruiting adolescent peer networks by comparing 2 strategies for reimbursement. his study will use a 2-group randomized trial design to test the effectiveness of reimbursements for peer referral in a web-based cross-sectional peer network survey. Young people aged 16-18 years recruited through Instagram, Snapchat, and a survey panel will be randomized to receive either scaled group reimbursement (the experimental group) or fixed in idual reimbursement (the control group). All participants will receive a reimbursement of Aus $5 (US $3.70) for their own survey completion. In the experimental group (scaled group reimbursement), all participants within a peer network will receive an additional Aus $5 (US $3.70) voucher for each referred participant who completes the study, up to a maximum total value of Aus $30 (US $22.20) per participant. In the control group (fixed in idual reimbursement), participants will only be reimbursed for their own survey completion. Participants’ peer networks are assessed during the survey by asking about their close friends. A unique survey link will be generated to share with the participant’s nominated friends for the recruitment of secondary participants. Outcomes are the proportion of a participant’s peer network and the number of referred peers who complete the survey. The required s le size is 306 primary participants. Using a multilevel logistic regression model, we will assess the effect of the reimbursement intervention on the proportion of primary participants’ close friends who complete the survey. The secondary aim is to determine participant characteristics that are associated with successfully recruiting close friends. Young people aged 16-18 years were involved in the development of the study design through focus groups and interviews (n=26). articipant recruitment commenced in 2022. longitudinal web-based social network study could provide important data on how social networks and their influence change over time. This trial aims to determine whether scaled group reimbursement can increase the number of peers referred. The outcomes of this trial will improve the recruitment of young people to web-based network studies of sensitive health issues. ERR1-10.2196/44813
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-01-2016
Abstract: To explore young people's perceptions of alcohol advertising on Facebook and investigate perceived compliance with the Alcohol Beverages Advertising Code (ABAC). An online cross-sectional survey with 172 Australians aged 16-29 years recruited from a market research website and via Facebook. We compiled advertisements from six popular alcohol brands' Australian Facebook pages and asked respondents for their perceptions and interpretations in open and closed-ended questions. Open-ended responses most commonly indicated that the main messages of the advertisements related to social success. In closed-ended questions, respondents perceived advertisements implied that alcohol facilitated relaxation (67%), improved mood (65%), social success (57%) and confidence (49%). Young people identified the main themes of alcohol advertising on Facebook as related to social success and significant improvement in mood. Young people's interpretations of Facebook alcohol advertising suggest breaches of ABAC guidelines. Strengthening the enforcement and application of the ABAC and social media alcohol advertising policies is justified.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 09-01-2019
Abstract: Our findings contribute to understanding recent trends in alcohol reduction among young people. One in three young people reduced their alcohol consumption in the past year. Young people were more likely to reduce drinking if they were born overseas or had experienced alcohol-related harms.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-01-2022
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13428
Abstract: Recent trends in Australian national survey data show an increase in alcohol use among middle‐aged people, amidst declines in alcohol use among other population groups. There is limited research, however, on middle‐aged women's alcohol use. This study aimed to examine patterns in alcohol use among Australian women aged 40–65 and the associated sociodemographic and contextual factors. Cross‐sectional data from six waves of the National Drug Strategy Household Survey (2001–2019). We estimated the prevalence of long‐term risky drinking ( Australian standard drinks per day) and risky‐single occasion drinking ( Australian standard drinks on one occasion) among middle‐aged women. Logistic regression models were estimated using 2019 data to examine demographic characteristics and contextual factors associated with alcohol use. Since 2001, there has been a statistically significant increase in long‐term risky drinking and risky‐single occasion drinking amongst middle‐aged women in Australia. Educational attainment, marital status and employment status were negatively associated with risky drinking, whereas rurality, age and location of use were positively associated with risky drinking. Beverage type was both positively and negatively associated with risky drinking. Given the significant increase in alcohol use amongst middle‐aged women in Australia, prevention efforts are needed for this group, which may focus in particular on home drinking and the impact of rurality on alcohol use.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 02-02-2023
DOI: 10.2196/34842
Abstract: In the last decade, alcohol consumption among middle-aged women (40-65 years old) in Australia increased, despite declines in overall population consumption. Web-based, brief interventions are promising for reducing alcohol consumption, with efficacy shown in a wide range of populations. However, no published interventions have been designed specifically for and tested with middle-aged women. This study aims to design and implement a web-based intervention intended to reduce alcohol consumption among middle-aged women. The study is a 3-arm randomized controlled trial with a web-based intervention plus ecological momentary assessment (EMA) group compared to an EMA-only and a pre-post only control group. The study is aimed at middle-aged women, defined as women aged between 40 and 65 years, who consume alcohol at least weekly or who have consumed 4 or more drinks on 1 occasion in the last month. The intervention aims to reduce alcohol consumption through 4 modules that provide information on the health impacts of alcohol, mindfulness, social influences, and alcohol marketing. Intervention participants will also fill out biweekly EMA assessments. The comparators are EMA-only and pre-post control only. The primary outcome is alcohol consumption at 8 weeks compared between groups. Secondary outcomes are awareness of alcohol-related harms, readiness to change alcohol consumption, health status, mental health, and social support. Ethics approval for this project was received on September 11, 2019. The trial was registered on August 14, 2020. Recruitment has commenced, and the expected results will be available in 2022. This web-based intervention aims to reduce alcohol consumption among middle-aged women, a currently understudied cohort in alcohol research. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12620000814976 www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12620000814976 DERR1-10.2196/34842
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.DRUGPO.2021.103560
Abstract: In the context of global declines in alcohol consumption, studies have recently shown that middle-aged women's alcohol use has increased in the past decade. Limited research has focused on this demographic group. We aimed to understand the perspectives of women aged 40-65 years on the role of alcohol in their lives and their motivations for consuming alcohol. We used social practice theory to identify distinctive assemblages of meanings, materials, competences and temporalities relating to alcohol use. We used qualitative methods incorporating Human Centred-Design principles into activity-based workshops. We conducted ten 3-hour workshops with a total of 39 women aged 40-65 years. We coded the transcribed data using the three original components of social practice theory - meanings, materials, competences as well as the fourth component of temporality. Women described their alcohol use as nuanced, with different meanings across contexts and settings. 'Wine o'clock' was the term used by many women to describe the practice of consuming wine as soon as they finished their day's duties. Women appeared conscious of representing their drinking as rational, measured and safe, particularly when discussing weekday use, and drinking alone. Women described it as an act of relaxation, and rationalised it as earned. Alcohol consumption on weekends was strongly tied to social connection. Alcohol was explicitly described as the means to see people socially and was also implicitly present in social gatherings such as lunches, barbecues and dinners on weekends. Although women rejected the notion of experiencing social pressures to consume alcohol, they also described needing excuses for not consuming alcohol, such as partaking in temporary abstinence periods such as Dry July. Our study describes how midlife women use alcohol to demarcate between duty and pleasure and for social connection. Prevention efforts which focus on social connection, relaxation and changing the discourse on alcohol's role in women's social lives may be beneficial for reducing women's alcohol consumption.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-01-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-10-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S12889-021-11957-5
Abstract: The Northern Territory (NT) has the highest levels of alcohol consumption and harms in Australia. Since the creation of the NT Liquor Act 1978, which came into effect in 1979, numerous legislated alcohol policies have been introduced to attempt to address these harms. We present a narrative historical overview of alcohol policies implemented in the NT from 1979 to 2021. Using scoping review methodology, databases were searched from 1979 to 2021. Of 506 articles screened, 34 met inclusion criteria. Reference lists of all included articles were searched, resulting in the inclusion of another 41 articles and reports, totalling 75 final documents. Policies were organised using Babor and colleagues (2010) established framework: 1. pricing/ taxation 2. regulating physical availability 3. modifying drinking environments 4. drink-driving countermeasures 5. restrictions on marketing 6. education ersuasion 7. treatment/early intervention. Two pricing/taxation policies have been implemented, Living With Alcohol (LWA) and Minimum Unit Price, both demonstrating evidence of positive effects on health and consumption outcomes. Eight policies approaches have focused on regulating physical availability, implemented at both in idual and local area levels. Several of these policies have varied by location and been amended over time. There is some evidence demonstrating reduction in harms attributable to Liquor Supply Plans, localised restrictions, and General Restricted Areas, although these have been site specific. Of the three policies which targeted modifying the drinking environment one was evaluated, finding a relocation of social harms, rather than a reduction. The literature outlines a range of controversies, particularly regarding policies in domain 2–3, including racial discrimination and a lack of policy stability. No policies relating to restricting marketing or education ersuasion programs were found. The only drink-driving legislated policy was considered to have contributed to the success of the LWA program. Three policies relating to treatment were described two were not evaluated and evidence showed no ongoing benefits of Alcohol Mandatory Treatment. The NT has implemented a large number of alcohol policies, several of which have evidence of positive effects. However, these policies have often existed in a context of clear politicisation of alcohol policy, frequently with an implicit focus on Aboriginal people’s consumption.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 06-2020
DOI: 10.2196/15964
Abstract: The impact of viewing pornography at a young age on the sexual health of subgroups of young people is an important public health issue. However, the topic is complex and extremely sensitive, and best practices for research and harm reduction are yet to be defined. Drawing on cross-disciplinary approaches, such as co-design, is one way to achieve a better understanding of the issue among vulnerable young people and to create needs-based and evidence-informed digital resources to promote pornography literacy. The objective of this study was to co-design a relevant, usable, and acceptable digital prototype to address the pornography literacy needs of vulnerable young people. In total, 17 young people aged between 14 and 23 years who were engaged in youth services programs or alternative education programs were recruited to participate in 4 co-design workshops with a multidisciplinary design team. Although the participants could identify problems with pornography and critique its messages, they lacked the information to understand alternative healthy attitudes and behaviors. A digital resource that provides detailed and practical information about sex, sexual ethics, and relationships may help vulnerable young people to identify and contrast with any problematic messages they receive from both pornography and society. Embedding this information with pornography literacy messages may be a more effective way of addressing underlying attitudes. Acknowledging information-seeking patterns and leveraging user interaction patterns from commonly used digital platforms among users may enhance engagement with resources. Importantly, digital platforms are perceived among this group as a source of anonymous secondary information but would not be organically accessed among this group without face-to-face conversations as an access point. This paper highlights the potential for pornography literacy to be embedded within real and practical information about having sex, navigating sexuality, and healthy relationships. The study findings include important recommendations for the conceptualization of digital pornography literacy programs and opportunities for cross-disciplinary co-design research to address complex and emerging health issues.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.IDH.2018.10.006
Abstract: People who inject drugs are the group at greatest risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The advent of new direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment provides opportunities for increased uptake of therapy. We conducted in-depth interviews with thirty HCV positive participants from the SuperMIX cohort study. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analysed for emerging themes and similarities between participants. General descriptions and critical interpretation of themes were generated and selective quotes extracted verbatim to best illustrate the critical themes. Participants described their experiences of living with HCV, their knowledge of HCV treatment accessibility, and information on the types of support ain themes: Understanding the need for treatment Knowledge and framing of treatment access and Support during treatment. The new, highly effective DAAs for the treatment of HCV are heralded as the potential beginning of HCV elimination, especially in settings where scale up is high. Our data from active PWID show that the availability of DAA medications in and of themselves is likely not to be enough to ensure that PWID will come forward for HCV treatment in sufficient numbers to drive elimination.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2018
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.3
Abstract: Young people have a high burden of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) problems, and it is important to reach this group through health promotion initiatives. We conducted a systematic review of reviews to identify successful elements of health promotion programs for improving SRH of young people. We identified and collated systematic reviews published in 2005-2015 which focused on young people (10-24 years), reported on SRH outcomes (pregnancy, sexually transmissible infections, condoms/contraceptive use, risky sexual behaviour, sexual healthcare access or intimate partner violence), and included primary studies predominantly conducted in high-income countries. This report focuses on features of successful SRH programs identified in the interpretation and discussion of included systematic reviews. We identified 66 systematic reviews, of which 37 reported on program features which were anecdotally or statistically associated with improved program effectiveness and success. Common features of effective interventions were: longer term or repeated implementation multi-setting and multi-component parental involvement culturally/gender/age appropriate and inclusion of skills-building. SO WHAT?: There is marked consistency of features improving SRH program effectiveness for young people despite the wide variation in interventions reviewed. There is a need to better implement this knowledge in future programs, and our findings provide useful guidance for optimising the design of SRH interventions for young people.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-08-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-01-2019
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 14-11-2018
Abstract: lthough we know that many young people watch online pornography and engage in sexting, there is limited literature examining their needs in relation to information on these highly sensitive and complex issues. Online resources exist however, we can find no evidence of any of them having been formally tested for usability within the target population. his study aimed to test the usability of a resource about online pornography and sexting among young people. emistructured interviews were conducted with 17 participants aged 15 to 29 years. e found that the SCOPE resource was perceived as trustworthy and credible because of its evidence-based content, nonjudgmental tone, and balanced perspectives. Multimedia and video content enhanced the layout and usability of the resource however, content relevance could be improved by targeting age and developmental stages. Participants identified resource sections such as Real Stories from young people as relevant and engaging. However, they raised issues with the translation of formative research findings relating to these stories into their final presentation. ur findings suggest that young people prefer online resources about complex issues, such as online pornography and sexting, if they are balanced in content and tone. Most importantly, in the context of responding to complex and sensitive issues such as these, co-design methods can ensure that young people are central to the development of resources and avoid gaps in translating research into practice. In the context of limited literature focusing on the usability of online resources about these topics, this paper provides important insights for public health practitioners working in this emerging space.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-10-2021
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-08-2020
Abstract: There is new interest in measuring alcohol consumption during risky drinking events, but there is little guidance on how to best ask such questions. In this study, we contrast two different types of questions on peak consumption over a single heavy drinking occasion. We used a general question that ask respondents to recall the total amount consumed (total consumption question), and location-specific questions that ask respondents to recall consumption in each drinking location (location-specific peak consumption, LSPC). Heavy drinkers (≥11 Australian Standard Drinks (ASD) per occasion for males, ≥8 for females) from the second wave of a prospective cohort study were recruited via landline random digit dial from Melbourne in 2012. Respondents were randomly assigned to surveys of different question order, and either first received total consumption (n = 127) or LSPC questions (n = 147). T-tests compared peak consumption between categories stratified by sex and consumption tercile. Mean peak consumption was 12.5 ASD. Irrespective of question order, consumption amounts for total consumption and LSPC questions were not significantly different for both sexes. However, drinkers in the highest tercile asked LSPC questions first provided significantly higher consumption estimates in response to the total consumption question than in response to the LSPC questions. At a population level, LSPC and total consumption questions produce similar estimates of peak consumption for risky drinking events. Except for heavy drinkers, general consumption questions may be sufficient when asking about these drinking events in consumption surveys, without the greater response burden of longer LSPC questions.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 31-03-2020
DOI: 10.2196/14190
Abstract: Recent research has investigated the utility of mobile phone–delivered interventions for reducing risky single-occasion drinking, also known as binge drinking. In the past five years, focus has been placed on ecological momentary interventions (EMIs), which aim to deliver intervention content in correspondence to real-time assessments of behavior, also known as ecological momentary assessments (EMAs). This study aims to assess the effect of a fully automated, tailored, mobile phone–delivered EMI termed Mobile Intervention for Drinking in Young people (MIDY) on young people's risky single-occasion drinking behavior. We will use a three-armed randomized controlled trial design to determine the impact of MIDY on peak consumption of alcohol among young people. A list of mobile telephone numbers for random digit dialing will be generated, and researchers will telephone potential participants to screen for eligibility. Participants will be randomized into one of three intervention groups. For 6 weeks, EMI, EMA, and attention control groups will complete hourly EMA surveys on their mobile phones on Friday and Saturday nights. EMI participants will receive personalized feedback in the form of text messages corresponding to their EMA survey responses, which focus on alcohol consumption, spending, and mood. EMA participants will not receive feedback. A third group will also complete EMA and receive feedback text messages at the same time intervals, but these will be focused on sedentary behavior and technology use. All groups will also complete a short survey on Saturday and Sunday mornings, with the primary outcome measure taken on Sunday mornings. A more detailed survey will be sent on the final Sunday of the 6-week period, and then again 1 year after recruitment. The primary outcome measure will be an observed change (ie, reduction) in the mean peak number of drinks consumed in a single night over the 6-week intervention period between the EMI and attention control groups as measured in the weekly EMA. We expect to see a greater reduction in mean peak drinking in the EMI group compared to that in the attention control group. As a secondary aim, we will assess whether mean peak drinking is reduced in the EMA group compared to the attention control group. We will use a random-effects mixed-modeling approach using maximum-likelihood estimation to provide estimates of differences in peak drinking across time periods between those receiving the intervention (EMI) and attention control participants. An intention-to-treat approach will be taken for the analysis. In iduals and study groups will be modeled as random and fixed factors, respectively. This study extends our previous work investigating the efficacy of a mobile EMI (MIDY) for reducing risky drinking among young adults in Australia, and will add to the expanding literature on the use of mobile interventions for reducing risky alcohol consumption. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registration (ANZCTR): ACTRN12617001509358p www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12617001509358p.aspx DERR1-10.2196/14190
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 25-03-0088
DOI: 10.2196/44813
Abstract: Peers are an important determinant of health and well-being during late adolescence however, there is limited quantitative research examining peer influence. Previous peer network research with adolescents faced methodological limitations and difficulties recruiting young people. This study aims to determine whether a web-based peer network survey is effective at recruiting adolescent peer networks by comparing 2 strategies for reimbursement. This study will use a 2-group randomized trial design to test the effectiveness of reimbursements for peer referral in a web-based cross-sectional peer network survey. Young people aged 16-18 years recruited through Instagram, Snapchat, and a survey panel will be randomized to receive either scaled group reimbursement (the experimental group) or fixed in idual reimbursement (the control group). All participants will receive a reimbursement of Aus $5 (US $3.70) for their own survey completion. In the experimental group (scaled group reimbursement), all participants within a peer network will receive an additional Aus $5 (US $3.70) voucher for each referred participant who completes the study, up to a maximum total value of Aus $30 (US $22.20) per participant. In the control group (fixed in idual reimbursement), participants will only be reimbursed for their own survey completion. Participants’ peer networks are assessed during the survey by asking about their close friends. A unique survey link will be generated to share with the participant’s nominated friends for the recruitment of secondary participants. Outcomes are the proportion of a participant’s peer network and the number of referred peers who complete the survey. The required s le size is 306 primary participants. Using a multilevel logistic regression model, we will assess the effect of the reimbursement intervention on the proportion of primary participants’ close friends who complete the survey. The secondary aim is to determine participant characteristics that are associated with successfully recruiting close friends. Young people aged 16-18 years were involved in the development of the study design through focus groups and interviews (n=26). Participant recruitment commenced in 2022. A longitudinal web-based social network study could provide important data on how social networks and their influence change over time. This trial aims to determine whether scaled group reimbursement can increase the number of peers referred. The outcomes of this trial will improve the recruitment of young people to web-based network studies of sensitive health issues. DERR1-10.2196/44813
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-09-2021
Publisher: The Sax Institute
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Abstract: To describe patterns of 'liking' alcohol marketing social media pages, and determine related alcohol consumption patterns among young Australians. Participants were 1,001 Australians aged 15-29 years who completed a cross-sectional online survey. Logistic regression and ordinal logistic regression were used. A quarter (249/1001, 24.9%) liked at least one of the alcohol marketing social media pages, most commonly brands of spirits, cider and alcohol retailers. Underage participants were as likely as older participants to report liking these pages. Alcohol marketing social media use was significantly and independently associated with male gender, living outside a major city, ever using illegal drugs and early age of first alcohol consumption (all p<0.05). Alcohol marketing social media use (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5-2.8, p=<0.001) was independently associated with higher categories on the AUDIT-C, indicating riskier alcohol consumption. Liking or following alcohol marketing pages is common regardless of age, and associated with riskier alcohol consumption, among young Australians. There is a need to develop strategies to reduce the exposure to, and potential impact of, alcohol marketing social media pages on young Australians, and ensure these pages are neither accessible to nor targeting underage social media users.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-10-2022
DOI: 10.1111/AJR.12926
Abstract: More Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people experience high or very high levels of psychological distress compared to their non‐Indigenous counterparts. This may be partly attributed to systemic barriers resulting in lower rates of help‐seeking, sub‐optimal identification of psychological challenges, and undertreatment. Reducing these barriers within health systems is an important factor in reducing the Social and Emotional Wellbeing (SEWB) health burden on young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. In partnership with Miwatj Health Aboriginal Corporation (Miwatj), this project will co‐design an integrated youth Social and Emotional Wellbeing (SEWB) and mental health stepped care model for remote Aboriginal communities in the north east Arnhem region of the Northern Territory. A collaborative research approach using co‐design methods will underpin a community‐centric stepped care allocation method, to which culturally appropriate SEWB and mental health interventions and treatments are assigned. These components of the project will inform a digital platform which will facilitate access to SEWB care for young people in north east Arnhem land. This concept was co‐developed in a partnership between researchers and Miwatj and builds on Miwatj's previous work to map the stepped needs of young people. The co‐design of the content and features of these outputs will be facilitated through community participation and overseen by community, health, and cultural governance structures. This will ensure the solutions developed by the project are culturally responsive, fit for purpose, and will enhance self‐determination while reducing systemic barriers to care.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-05-2017
DOI: 10.1111/ADD.13829
Abstract: Risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD) by young people is a serious public health issue, yet little is known about the specific circumstances of risky drinking occasions. This study examined the independent effects of event- and in idual-specific variables on RSOD. Longitudinal cohort study measuring self-reported RSOD and event- and in idual-specific variables across two drinking occasions approximately 1 year apart. Metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. A s le of 710 young risky drinkers aged between 18 and 25 years and defined as engaging in risky drinking practices (males: consumed alcohol in excess of 10 Australian Standard Drinks (ASD: 10 g ethanol) in a single occasion in the previous year females: consumed alcohol in excess of seven ASD for females in a single occasion in the previous year). Random digit-dial telephone landline survey of the most recent heavy drinking occasion and socio-demographic variables. The primary outcome was the log of the total drinks consumed in the most recent heavy drinking occasion. Event-specific (e.g. number of drinking locations) and time-varying (e.g. weekly income) and time-invariant (e.g. sex) in idual-specific variables were examined as correlates of total drinks consumed. Changes in event-specific characteristics including the length of the drinking occasion (Likelihood Ratio χ Event-specific characteristics are important predictors of the number of drinks consumed during risky single occasion drinking (RSOD) and illustrate the importance of event contexts when considering interventions targeting RSOD. The total number of drinks consumed in a RSOD session appears to rise independently with the duration of the drinking event, the number of drinking locations and the number of different types of beverage consumed.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 22-08-2019
Abstract: he impact of viewing pornography at a young age on the sexual health of subgroups of young people is an important public health issue. However, the topic is complex and extremely sensitive, and best practices for research and harm reduction are yet to be defined. Drawing on cross-disciplinary approaches, such as co-design, is one way to achieve a better understanding of the issue among vulnerable young people and to create needs-based and evidence-informed digital resources to promote pornography literacy. he objective of this study was to co-design a relevant, usable, and acceptable digital prototype to address the pornography literacy needs of vulnerable young people. n total, 17 young people aged between 14 and 23 years who were engaged in youth services programs or alternative education programs were recruited to participate in 4 co-design workshops with a multidisciplinary design team. lthough the participants could identify problems with pornography and critique its messages, they lacked the information to understand alternative healthy attitudes and behaviors. A digital resource that provides detailed and practical information about sex, sexual ethics, and relationships may help vulnerable young people to identify and contrast with any problematic messages they receive from both pornography and society. Embedding this information with pornography literacy messages may be a more effective way of addressing underlying attitudes. Acknowledging information-seeking patterns and leveraging user interaction patterns from commonly used digital platforms among users may enhance engagement with resources. Importantly, digital platforms are perceived among this group as a source of anonymous secondary information but would not be organically accessed among this group without face-to-face conversations as an access point. his paper highlights the potential for pornography literacy to be embedded within real and practical information about having sex, navigating sexuality, and healthy relationships. The study findings include important recommendations for the conceptualization of digital pornography literacy programs and opportunities for cross-disciplinary co-design research to address complex and emerging health issues.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 04-2022
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2021-058614
Abstract: The Banned Drinker Register (BDR) was reintroduced in the Northern Territory (NT) in September 2017. The BDR is a supply reduction measure and involves placing people who consume alcohol at harmful levels on a register prohibiting the purchase, possession and consumption of alcohol. The current study aims to evaluate the impacts of the reintroduction of the BDR, in the context of other major alcohol policy initiatives introduced across the NT such as Police Auxiliary Liquor Inspectors and a minimum unit price for alcohol of US$1.30 per standard drink. The Learning from Alcohol (policy) Reforms in the Northern Territory project will use a mixed-methods approach and contain four major components: epidemiological analysis of trends over time (outcomes include health, justice and social welfare data) in idual-level data linkage including those on the BDR (outcomes include health and justice data) qualitative interviews with key stakeholders in the NT (n≥50) and qualitative interviews among people who are, or were previously, on the BDR, as well as the families and communities connected to those on the BDR (n=150). The impacts of the BDR on epidemiological data will be examined using time series analysis. Linked data will use generalised mixed models to analyse the relationship between outcomes and exposures, utilising appropriate distributions. Qualitative data will be analysed using thematic analysis. Ethics approvals have been obtained from NT Department of Health and Menzies School of Health Research Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC), Central Australia HREC and Deakin University HREC. In addition to peer-reviewed publications, we will report our findings to key organisational, policy, government and community stakeholders via conferences, briefings and lay summaries.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2021
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.446
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2021
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.488
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 13-08-2019
DOI: 10.2196/12824
Abstract: Although we know that many young people watch online pornography and engage in sexting, there is limited literature examining their needs in relation to information on these highly sensitive and complex issues. Online resources exist however, we can find no evidence of any of them having been formally tested for usability within the target population. This study aimed to test the usability of a resource about online pornography and sexting among young people. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 17 participants aged 15 to 29 years. We found that the SCOPE resource was perceived as trustworthy and credible because of its evidence-based content, nonjudgmental tone, and balanced perspectives. Multimedia and video content enhanced the layout and usability of the resource however, content relevance could be improved by targeting age and developmental stages. Participants identified resource sections such as Real Stories from young people as relevant and engaging. However, they raised issues with the translation of formative research findings relating to these stories into their final presentation. Our findings suggest that young people prefer online resources about complex issues, such as online pornography and sexting, if they are balanced in content and tone. Most importantly, in the context of responding to complex and sensitive issues such as these, co-design methods can ensure that young people are central to the development of resources and avoid gaps in translating research into practice. In the context of limited literature focusing on the usability of online resources about these topics, this paper provides important insights for public health practitioners working in this emerging space.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1071/SH17208
Abstract: Background Technology-facilitated sexual harassment is an emerging phenomenon. This study investigates correlates of sexual harassment among young Australians. Methods: Participants aged 15-29 were recruited for an online survey. Participants reported how often in the past year they experienced sexual harassment in person, via phone, social media and dating apps. Correlates of in-person and technology-facilitated sexual harassment were identified using logistic regression. Results: Of all participants (n = 1272, 70% female), two-thirds reported sexual harassment in person, 34% through social media and 26% via phone. Of participants who used a dating app in the past year (n = 535), 57% experienced sexual harassment. Sexual harassment in person was correlated with being female (aOR = 9.2, CI = 6.9–12.2), trans and gender erse (aOR = 2.6, CI = 1.2–5.7) and being aged 20–24 years (aOR = 1.5, CI = 1.1–2.1). Heterosexual identity reduced the odds of sexual harassment in person (aOR = 0.7, CI = 0.5–0.9). Technology-facilitated sexual harassment was correlated with female (aOR = 3.5, CI = 2.6–4.6) and trans and gender erse identities (aOR = 3.0, CI = 1.4–6.5). Older age [25–29 years (aOR = 0.5, CI = 0.4–0.8)] and heterosexual identity (aOR = 0.7, CI = 0.5–0.9) significantly reduced the odds of technology-facilitated sexual harassment. Conclusion: Young people identifying as female, trans and gender erse and non-heterosexual are at risk of in-person and technology-facilitated sexual harassment. Service and technology providers, academics, and policy makers must respond with innovative strategies.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 03-11-2014
DOI: 10.2196/MHEALTH.3888
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-02-2022
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 25-05-2017
DOI: 10.2196/RESPROT.6760
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1071/SH19147
Abstract: Consensual sharing of personal sexually explicit imagery (SEI) is part of young people’s sexual practise however, harms arise if content is shared without consent. Australians aged 15–29 years were recruited for an online survey. Participants indicated if they had ever sent SEI of themselves to someone else, received SEI directly from the person in the imagery and whether they thought it was illegal to forward SEI without consent. Participants reported whether anyone shared their SEI without permission, if they told people, made official reports or if there were consequences for perpetrator(s). Logistic regression was used to identify associations between victimisation, gender, age group, sexual identity and knowledge of SEI-related law. In total, 1007 participants (65% female, mean age 23 years, 67% heterosexual) were recruited 63% sent personal SEI to another person, 71% received SEI from the person pictured and 77% correctly identified it is illegal to forward SEI without consent. Thirteen percent (n = 126) indicated another person forwarded personal SEI without consent. In univariate analysis, victimisation was associated with identifying as non-heterosexual (odds ratio = 1.51, confidence interval = 1.03–2.22), but was independent from age group, gender and knowledge. In multivariate analysis, sexual identity, age group, gender and knowledge were not significantly associated with victimisation. Among participants who experienced non-consensual sharing of personal SEI, 63% told friends, 10% told family, 93% made no official report and 94% reported no consequences for perpetrator(s). Initiatives are needed to promote legal rights and enable young people to seek support.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-11-2022
DOI: 10.1177/26338076221129920
Abstract: The Northern Territory (NT) has the highest rates of domestic, family and sexual violence (DFSV) in Australia. Although we know that alcohol and other drug (AOD) use and trauma both contribute to DFSV in the NT, some specifics remain unknown. This paper aims to (a) describe the extent of AOD involvement in criminally serious DFSV, (b) describe the volume of trauma experienced by convicted criminally serious DFSV offenders, and (c) qualitatively explore the judicial recognition of the intersections between alcohol and trauma. To do this we reviewed Judicial Sentencing Remarks (JSRs) from the Supreme Court of the NT. A content analysis of all DFSV JSRs from July to Dec 2020 was undertaken ( n = 64). A structured coding instrument was developed to extract quantitative and qualitative variables through repeated reviews by multiple authors. Descriptive statistics regarding demographics, number of significant traumatic events experienced, and AOD involvement were generated. The qualitative data from which these statistics were generated was used to explore the interplay between trauma and AOD involvement. The majority of offenders had experienced at least one form of trauma. The social determinants of health underpinned a significant amount of this trauma, with housing, poverty, and unemployment frequently described. The use of alcohol as a maladaptive coping mechanism was explicitly recognised. There was frequent judicial recognition of the intersections between trauma, alcohol, and violence, however addressing trauma as an essential part of rehabilitation processes was rare. Trauma and AOD use were widespread among convicted DFSV offenders, with alcohol involved in the majority of incidents. Further research is required to understand the bio-psycho-social factors involved in the relationship between trauma, alcohol, and DFSV. Systematic piloting and trialling of interventions is necessary to determine what approaches are effective for preventing DFSV and reducing reci ism for people with intersecting experiences of trauma and AOD concerns.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-11-2021
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13200
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 10-07-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-05-2023
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13682
Abstract: Alcohol is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. One significant barrier to the implementation of evidence‐based alcohol policy is alcohol industry opposition. Making submissions to national policy processes is one way in which the industry exert influence. The aim of this study was to analyse alcohol industry submissions into Australia's National Alcohol Strategy to determine key assertions made by the alcohol industry and the ways in which they use evidence and refute the effectiveness of public health policies to make their claims. Submissions made by alcohol industry actors ( n = 12) were analysed using content analysis to determine key industry assertions. A pre‐existing framework on alcohol industry use of evidence was then applied to analyse the evidentiary practices used to make these assertions. Five common industry assertions were identified: ‘Drinking alcohol in moderation has health benefits’ ‘Alcohol isn't the cause of violence’ ‘Targeted initiatives, not population level alcohol policies, are needed’ ‘Strong alcohol advertising regulations are not necessary’ and ‘Minimum unit price and pricing and taxation policies more broadly are not needed’. The industry systematically manipulated, misused and ignored evidence throughout their submissions. The alcohol industry is misusing evidence in their submissions to government consultations to make their assertions about alcohol policy. It is therefore essential that industry submissions are scrutinised and not accepted on face value. Additionally, it is suggested that the alcohol industry requires a distinct model of governance similarly to that which regulates the tobacco industry to prevent their attempts to undermine evidence‐based public health policy.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-03-2016
DOI: 10.1111/APT.13538
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-10-2016
DOI: 10.1071/HE16057
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 18-05-2022
DOI: 10.2196/28063
Abstract: Globally, suboptimal dietary choices are a leading cause of noncommunicable diseases. Evidence for effective interventions to address these behaviors, particularly in young adults, is limited. Given the substantial time young adults spend in using social media, there is interest in understanding the current and potential role of these platforms in shaping dietary behavior. This study aims to explore the influence of social media on young adults’ dietary behaviors. We recruited 234 young adults aged 18-24 years and living in Australia, using market and social research panels. We applied a digital ethnography approach to collect data from web-based conversations in a series of forums, where participants responded to different health-themed questions related to health behavior change and persuasion on social media. We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis. Participants described how social media influenced their decisions to change their health behaviors. Access to social support and health information through web-based communities was juxtaposed with exposure to highly persuasive fast-food advertisements. Some participants expressed that exposure to web-based health-focused content induced feelings of guilt about their behavior, which was more prominent among women. Fast-food advertisements were discussed as a contributor to poor health behaviors and indicated as a major barrier to change. Young adults reported that social media is highly persuasive toward dietary behavior through different pathways of social influence. This suggests that social norms on the web are an important aspect of changing young adults’ health behaviors. The commercialization of social media also encourages poor health behaviors, largely through fast-food advertisements. Future social media–delivered dietary interventions should acknowledge the social and environmental factors that challenge the ability of young adults to make in idual health behavior improvements. Care should also be taken to ensure that future interventions do not further elicit guilt in a way that contributes to poor mental health within this community.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 28-03-2019
Abstract: ecent research has investigated the utility of mobile phone–delivered interventions for reducing risky single-occasion drinking, also known as binge drinking. In the past five years, focus has been placed on ecological momentary interventions (EMIs), which aim to deliver intervention content in correspondence to real-time assessments of behavior, also known as ecological momentary assessments (EMAs). his study aims to assess the effect of a fully automated, tailored, mobile phone–delivered EMI termed Mobile Intervention for Drinking in Young people (MIDY) on young people's risky single-occasion drinking behavior. e will use a three-armed randomized controlled trial design to determine the impact of MIDY on peak consumption of alcohol among young people. A list of mobile telephone numbers for random digit dialing will be generated, and researchers will telephone potential participants to screen for eligibility. Participants will be randomized into one of three intervention groups. For 6 weeks, EMI, EMA, and attention control groups will complete hourly EMA surveys on their mobile phones on Friday and Saturday nights. EMI participants will receive personalized feedback in the form of text messages corresponding to their EMA survey responses, which focus on alcohol consumption, spending, and mood. EMA participants will not receive feedback. A third group will also complete EMA and receive feedback text messages at the same time intervals, but these will be focused on sedentary behavior and technology use. All groups will also complete a short survey on Saturday and Sunday mornings, with the primary outcome measure taken on Sunday mornings. A more detailed survey will be sent on the final Sunday of the 6-week period, and then again 1 year after recruitment. he primary outcome measure will be an observed change (ie, reduction) in the mean peak number of drinks consumed in a single night over the 6-week intervention period between the EMI and attention control groups as measured in the weekly EMA. We expect to see a greater reduction in mean peak drinking in the EMI group compared to that in the attention control group. As a secondary aim, we will assess whether mean peak drinking is reduced in the EMA group compared to the attention control group. We will use a random-effects mixed-modeling approach using maximum-likelihood estimation to provide estimates of differences in peak drinking across time periods between those receiving the intervention (EMI) and attention control participants. An intention-to-treat approach will be taken for the analysis. In iduals and study groups will be modeled as random and fixed factors, respectively. his study extends our previous work investigating the efficacy of a mobile EMI (MIDY) for reducing risky drinking among young adults in Australia, and will add to the expanding literature on the use of mobile interventions for reducing risky alcohol consumption. ustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registration (ANZCTR): ACTRN12617001509358p www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12617001509358p.aspx ERR1-10.2196/14190
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-09-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.DRUGPO.2022.103699
Abstract: Alcohol consumption among midlife women has become an area of research focus. We suggest it is important to examine the social roles that many midlife women take on - specifically working mothers. Working mothers balance both employment and the unequal burden of caring/domestic duties, leading to 'double shifts' of paid and unpaid labor. This creates unique stresses that may impact their drinking. This is particularly important as a growing number of mothers re-enter the workforce after childbirth. In this commentary, we suggest that working mothers' drinking tends to be overlooked or even endorsed as a means of managing the gendered stresses they face - stresses which have been exacerbated during the pandemic. We highlight the dearth of literature focusing on the drinking patterns, practices, and motives of working mothers and argue that gendered expectations placed on working mothers may be an increasingly important social determinant of health among this group.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2020
DOI: 10.1111/ACER.14432
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-02-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-06-2015
DOI: 10.1002/AJMG.B.32333
Abstract: In idual differences in aggressive behavior emerge in early childhood and predict persisting behavioral problems and disorders. Studies of antisocial and severe aggression in adulthood indicate substantial underlying biology. However, little attention has been given to genome-wide approaches of aggressive behavior in children. We analyzed data from nine population-based studies and assessed aggressive behavior using well-validated parent-reported questionnaires. This is the largest s le exploring children's aggressive behavior to date (N = 18,988), with measures in two developmental stages (N = 15,668 early childhood and N = 16,311 middle childhood/early adolescence). First, we estimated the additive genetic variance of children's aggressive behavior based on genome-wide SNP information, using genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA). Second, genetic associations within each study were assessed using a quasi-Poisson regression approach, capturing the highly right-skewed distribution of aggressive behavior. Third, we performed meta-analyses of genome-wide associations for both the total age-mixed s le and the two developmental stages. Finally, we performed a gene-based test using the summary statistics of the total s le. GCTA quantified variance tagged by common SNPs (10-54%). The meta-analysis of the total s le identified one region in chromosome 2 (2p12) at near genome-wide significance (top SNP rs11126630, P = 5.30 × 10(-8) ). The separate meta-analyses of the two developmental stages revealed suggestive evidence of association at the same locus. The gene-based analysis indicated association of variation within AVPR1A with aggressive behavior. We conclude that common variants at 2p12 show suggestive evidence for association with childhood aggression. Replication of these initial findings is needed, and further studies should clarify its biological meaning. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
Abstract: Investigate alcohol and other substance use, with a focus on harmful alcohol use patterns, among young people in the Solomon Islands. A structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered to respondents aged 15-24 years across four of the country's provinces in late 2015. Four hundred young people completed the questionnaire across urban, peri-urban and rural communities. The most common substances ever used by participants were betel nut (94%), licit/store-bought and/or illicit alcohol (79%) and tobacco (76%). Lifetime and recent substance use was particularly common among male respondents e.g. 89% of male participants reported ever using any alcohol versus 54% of females (p<0.001). Harmful alcohol use patterns were common. Our s le generally reported higher levels of substance use compared to previous research in the Solomon Islands, including in relation to the country's relatively recent (2012/13) Household Income and Expenditure Survey. Implications for public health: Our study made considerable advances in addressing key knowledge gaps regarding alcohol and other substance use among young people in the Solomon Islands. Evidence-based initiatives to address early initiation of alcohol and other substance use and the progression to more problematic use patterns among young people in the Solomon Islands need to be explored.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-07-2021
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13353
Abstract: Previous studies validating the transdermal alcohol concentration (TAC) as measured by the Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitors Continuous Alcohol Monitoring (SCRAM‐CAM) have tested the monitor against self‐reports or breath alcohol concentration (BrAC). This study aims to provide further evidence of the reliability of the SCRAM‐CAM testing two monitors in parallel. Participants ( N = 21) received four standard drinks in a laboratory session while wearing SCRAM‐CAMs simultaneously on their left and right ankles. The SCRAM‐CAMs s led TAC every 30 min and participants were monitored for at least 2–3 h after their BrAC levels reached zero. Weight and height measures were taken to calculate body mass index (BMI). There was a positive correlation between the TAC measurements from the left and right SCRAM‐CAM ( r = 0.718), a cross‐correlation model revealed that this correlation was not significantly different for sex or BMI. Area under the TAC curve (AUC) and peak TAC values as measured by the left and right SCRAM‐CAM also show positive correlations ( r = 0.554 and r = 0.579, respectively). Cross‐correlation models show a significant effect of BMI on the relationship between left and right peak TAC values, which may be due to outlier effects. No further effects were significant for on both peak and AUC values. Results show that TAC measured by SCRAM‐CAMs worn on the left and right showed a good correlation, with correlations between AUC and peak TAC values considered to be fair. TAC monitors show promise for use in research settings however, work is needed testing the reliability of TAC as measured by two TAC monitors.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2021
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13398
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 14-03-2021
Abstract: lobally, suboptimal dietary choices are a leading cause of noncommunicable diseases. Evidence for effective interventions to address these behaviors, particularly in young adults, is limited. Given the substantial time young adults spend in using social media, there is interest in understanding the current and potential role of these platforms in shaping dietary behavior. his study aims to explore the influence of social media on young adults’ dietary behaviors. e recruited 234 young adults aged 18-24 years and living in Australia, using market and social research panels. We applied a digital ethnography approach to collect data from web-based conversations in a series of forums, where participants responded to different health-themed questions related to health behavior change and persuasion on social media. We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis. articipants described how social media influenced their decisions to change their health behaviors. Access to social support and health information through web-based communities was juxtaposed with exposure to highly persuasive fast-food advertisements. Some participants expressed that exposure to web-based health-focused content induced feelings of guilt about their behavior, which was more prominent among women. Fast-food advertisements were discussed as a contributor to poor health behaviors and indicated as a major barrier to change. oung adults reported that social media is highly persuasive toward dietary behavior through different pathways of social influence. This suggests that social norms on the web are an important aspect of changing young adults’ health behaviors. The commercialization of social media also encourages poor health behaviors, largely through fast-food advertisements. Future social media–delivered dietary interventions should acknowledge the social and environmental factors that challenge the ability of young adults to make in idual health behavior improvements. Care should also be taken to ensure that future interventions do not further elicit guilt in a way that contributes to poor mental health within this community.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
Abstract: In the Northern Territory, people who commit drink driving offences are required to undertake an approved course or treatment to be eligible for a driver's licence, however, course uptake is low. We investigated barriers to program uptake. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 program attendees, course providers and government stakeholders. We used a framework analysis. Program coverage in remote areas was limited, leading to inequitable access. The course cost affected uptake and exacerbated existing financial hardship. There were mixed views among government stakeholders on the program. While some held a view that offenders should 'pay the price', some also saw the user-pays model and high program cost as a clear barrier to accessibility. The data from this study demonstrate how the current delivery model for drink and drug driving education increases inequities for those in regional and remote areas, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Moving away from the current user-pays model to a subsidised or free model may facilitate greater access. Online delivery may increase accessibility however, consultation is required to ensure the program is delivered equitably with consideration of language, literacy, cultural factors and access to technology.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1997
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-07-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-08-2022
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13359
Abstract: Zero‐alcohol beverages, classified as products containing ≤0.5% alcohol by volume, are becoming increasingly popular. These beverages may contribute to alcohol harm reduction efforts if drinkers switch to them from regular strength beverages. However, there is currently a lack of evidence to support a substitution hypothesis, particularly as alcohol companies frequently market zero‐alcohol beverages as drinks to consume in new locations, such as in the workplace, or by previously non‐drinking groups, such as pregnant women. Additionally, zero‐alcohol beverages are currently available for sale in supermarkets by all consumers, including minors. This is problematic as there is a lack of evidence around what impact consumption of zero‐alcohol beverages in youth might have on social norms and initiation of alcohol consumption. In this commentary, we explore the existing evidence on zero‐alcohol beverages and their impact on drinking behaviours, concluding that a current paucity of knowledge makes developing evidence‐based policy a challenge. As such, substantial research efforts are required to inform policies regulating the availability and marketing of zero‐alcohol beverages in Australia.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-12-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-10-2016
DOI: 10.1071/HE15057
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-07-2023
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13706
Abstract: The aim of this study was to: (i) determine the feasibility of using ecological momentary assessment to collect data from Australian Football League (AFL) fans (ii) explore pre‐game, during‐game and post‐game consumption patterns of AFL fans and (iii) explore the social and setting‐related factors associated with risky single occasion drinking (5+ drinks) among AFL fans. Thirty‐four participants completed up to 10 ecological momentary assessment surveys before, during and after 63 AFL games ( n = 437 completed surveys). Surveys collected data about their drinking, and their social and environmental milieu (e.g., location, company). Binary logistic regression analyses clustered by participant identified which game‐day characteristics were associated with higher odds of risky single occasion drinking. Significant differences between pre‐game, during‐game and post‐game drinking on social and environmental factors were explored using pairwise comparisons. Risky single occasion drinking was more likely when games began in the early‐afternoon (1–3 pm) than late‐afternoon (3–6 pm), when participants watched the game at a stadium or pub compared to home, and when participants watched the game with friends compared to family. Pre‐drinking was more likely before night games and post‐drinking was more likely after day games. Drinking during the game was heavier when watching the game at a pub and when watching with a combined group of friends and family. Preliminary findings suggest that social and contextual factors matter in the way alcohol is consumed while watching AFL games. These findings require further investigation in larger s les.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1071/SH18037
Abstract: Background Personal and partner pornography viewing may affect health and wellbeing. This study aimed to improve understanding of the effects of pornography on mental health and body image, given emerging evidence of increasing use, particularly among young people. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was implemented, targeting people who had accessed health and fitness content via social media. Convenience s ling was used and participants were recruited via advertising on social media. Results: Overall, 76% (75/99) of women reported having ever viewed pornography, and 21% had viewed pornography frequently (monthly/weekly/daily) in the prior 12 months. The association between frequent viewing and higher-risk Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale scores lost significance once controlled for age (adjusted OR 2.30, 95%CI 0.82–6.49, P=0.11). There was an association with frequent reported partner pornography use (monthly/weekly/daily) and increased Drive for Muscularity scores (adjusted OR 2.20, 95%CI 1.01–4.80, P=0.048). There were no other associations found with pornography use (personal or partner) and body image or mental health, although this was limited by the small s le size. Most women (85%, 41/48) reported being happy with their partner’s pornography use, and in qualitative responses, indicated that pornography had minimal effect on their lives. Nevertheless, multiple qualitative responses indicated a multiplicity of perceived effects of pornography, including negative effects on body image. Conclusions: Pornography had a minor effect on mental health and body image in this study. Additional research is required to improve understanding of the effects of pornography on body image and mental health, particularly among vulnerable in iduals.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 20-06-2017
DOI: 10.2196/MHEALTH.6497
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 20-07-2017
DOI: 10.2196/MHEALTH.9324
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Start Date: 2021
End Date: 2023
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2020
End Date: 2020
Funder: La Trobe University
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2021
End Date: 2016
Funder: Alcohol and Drug Foundation
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2022
End Date: 2016
Funder: Menzies School of Health Research
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2018
End Date: 2019
Funder: VicHealth
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2018
End Date: 2019
Funder: Transport Accident Commission
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2018
End Date: 2019
Funder: Jack Brockhoff Foundation
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2018
End Date: 2019
Funder: La Trobe University
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2019
End Date: 2022
Funder: National Health and Medical Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 10-2021
End Date: 10-2024
Amount: $268,184.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity