ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4833-147X
Current Organisations
Centurion University of Technology and Management
,
Griffith University
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Criminology | Causes and Prevention of Crime | Private Policing and Security Services | Correctional Theory, Offender Treatment and Rehabilitation | Human Geography not elsewhere classified |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Crime Prevention | Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society | Law Enforcement | Expanding Knowledge in Built Environment and Design | Rehabilitation and Correctional Services
Related Links
Publications
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
Publisher: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Date: 2010
Guardianship in the Digital Age
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 03-12-2018
Abstract: This conceptual article focuses on the potential to advance and extend guardianship using new digital crime prevention applications that have been developed as a consequence of technological advancements in communication and social engagement. The new opportunity structure for informal guardianship through active citizen participation and involvement in crime prevention and control efforts using the Internet and smartphones is discussed to emphasize how this has changed in the digital age. Specifically, the article highlights how the fundamental tenets of guardianship (i.e., what it means to be available, how supervision or monitoring is carried out and ways of intervening) have evolved due to neighborhood watch/community safety mobile applications. Based on what we have learned about guardianship, this article considers the potential for these digital crime prevention applications to extend and support guardianship. It also assesses these applications critically by highlighting some of the concerns and risks that need to be considered amid the proliferation of these new platforms for crime control. The article concludes by weighing up the pros and cons with a view to focusing on key issues in the continued development of such applications so their potential can be maximized.
What could be the future of rational choice for crime prevention?
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 22-09-2017
Offender–victim relationship and offender motivation in the context of indirect cyber abuse: A mixed-method exploratory analysis
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 21-01-2018
Abstract: Cyber abuse can be executed directly (e.g. by sending derogatory emails or text messages addressed to the victim) or indirectly (e.g. by posting derogatory, private or false information, documents, images or videos about the victim online). This exploratory, mixed-method triangulated study examines cyber abuse crime events with the goal of identifying factors associated with the increased risk of personal victimization from both direct and indirect methods of cyber abuse. First, in-depth qualitative interviews with cyber abuse victims ( n = 12) were conducted. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis to generate hypotheses. These hypotheses were then tested using content analysis of newspaper reports ( n = 110) and victims’ posts on online forums ( n = 91) describing incidents of cyber abuse. Logistic regression using Bayesian Model Averaging analysis revealed that the combination of a prior offender–victim relationship and expressive motivation best predicts the use of indirect methods of cyber abuse, while direct methods of cyber abuse are more likely to occur when the offender does not know the victim and is motivated by instrumental ends. Implications for crime prevention are also discussed.
Seeing is Believing? Comparing Negative Affect, Realism and Presence in Visual Versus Written Guardianship Scenarios
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-01-2018
Translating CPTED into Crime Preventive Action: A Critical Examination of CPTED as a Tool for Active Guardianship
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-12-2010
Factors Associated with the Guardianship of Places: Assessing the Relative Importance of the Spatio-Physical and Sociodemographic Contexts in Generating Opportunities for Capable Guardianship
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-2011
Abstract: Routine activity theory can be applied to places in which a motivated offender encounters a suitable target that is not effectively guarded. The focus of this article was on the third aspect of this theory as the explanatory power of guardianship was examined and compared to other related contextual factors in explaining criminal victimization at micro-places. This empirical study used an observational measure of guardianship in action in residential places by observing household occupancy, monitoring by residents, and direct intervention during the daytime and nighttime. The results demonstrated the significant role of active guardianship compared to other spatio-physical and sociodemographic factors in explaining the amount of property crime recorded at the street segment level. This article is concluded by highlighting the ways in which these contextual factors help generate opportunities for capable guardianship, while simultaneously blocking opportunities for property crime.
Learning About Situational Crime Prevention From Offenders: Using a Script Framework to Compare the Commission of Completed and Disrupted Sexual Offenses
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 22-11-2018
Abstract: The collective knowledge of offenders is one of the richest ways to advance understandings of crime commission and effective crime prevention. Drawing on self-report data from 53 incarcerated offenders in three Australian states and territories, the current article presents an innovative method which, through a crime script framework, allows for a first-time comparison of completed versus disrupted sexual offenses involving adult female and child victims at each stage of the crime commission process. Findings (a) highlight the critical need to boost the efficacy of situational prevention in the crime setup phase of the sexual offense script and (b) showcase how incorporating a script framework in offender-based research can identify new directions for crime prevention
Guardianship and Informal Social Control
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 28-03-2018
DOI: 10.1093/ACREFORE/9780190264079.013.315
Abstract: This article provides a critical overview of the concepts of guardianship and informal social control. The discussion compares these fundamental criminological concepts and highlights areas where there is overlap, as well as key points of departure. The relationship between these concepts is scrutinized to illustrate their distinct origins as well as the distinctive ways each of these concepts have developed within the criminological literature. This article focuses on informal social control as a multi-level community process, and on guardianship as a multi-dimensional situational concept comprising, in its most fundamental form, the presence or availability of guardians, inadvertent and/or purposive supervision and direct or indirect intervention. In doing so it showcases the dimensions of guardianship which bear close resemblance to aspects of informal social control, while simultaneously emphasizing that there are important distinctions to consider when comparing some of these dimensions and the levels at which they operate. One core distinction is that informal social control is dependent on neighborhood social ties and collectively shared expectations. On the other hand, while guardianship can be strengthened by social ties at the street-block or neighborhood level, it does not necessarily require such ties to function effectively at the microlevel. Although these concepts do coincide the discussion stresses that theoretical and empirical clarification about what makes them distinct is important. In conclusion, this article shows how each concept makes a unique contribution to criminological understanding about the role of informal citizens in crime control at places.
Lifestyles and routine activities: Do they enable different types of cyber abuse?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Toward the Adaptation of Routine Activity and Lifestyle Exposure Theories to Account for Cyber Abuse Victimization
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 30-12-2015
Abstract: With the advent of the Internet and the emergence of cybercrimes (e.g., cyber stalking, cyber harassment), criminologists have begun to explore the empirical utility of lifestyle exposure and routine activity theories (RATs) to account for personal victimization as a consequence of cyber abuse. Available cyber abuse studies have produced inconsistent empirical support for both models, which has reignited the debate about whether terrestrial theories, such as RAT, will ever be able to adequately explain cybercrimes due to the spatial and temporal disconnect between the theories and the cyber environment. This article reviews existing cyber abuse scholarship, explores potential reasons for the weak empirical support for routine activity and lifestyle exposure theories in cyberspace, and proposes several directions for future research. We suggest that to further our understanding of cyber abuse processes, scholars need to carefully define and operationalize the key theoretical concepts in the light of latest developments in RAT (i.e., addition of new controllers—handlers and place managers, and super controllers), and conduct in-depth qualitative studies, as well as quantitative studies, that employ robust methodological designs and multi-level statistical analyses.
The Future of Newman's Defensible Space Theory
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2009
Abstract: This paper will highlight the evolution of defensible space theory — from Newman's original theoretical model to some of the subsequent theoretical and empirical developments that have been made in the past 35 years. By charting these developments in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of defensible space, the aim of this paper is to illuminate the aspects of the theory that remain ambiguous and those that have been clarified to some extent by developments in criminological research. This paper will suggest that the most ambiguous of Newman's concepts is that of `milieu'. It will be argued that this key defensible space concept draws on situational aspects of spatial layout and accessibility, land-use patterns and routine activities of place. With this in mind, this paper will attempt to re-conceptualize defensible space within the context of situational crime prevention theory by elucidating the effect that routine activities of place have on territoriality and the creation of defensible space.
The Future of Rational Choice for Crime Prevention
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 22-09-2017
Introduction to the special edition ‘Child sexual abuse: analysis and intervention’
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-04-2016
Typologies of suburban guardians: understanding the role of responsibility, opportunities, and routine activities in facilitating surveillance
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-10-2018
Another look at person-situation interaction
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 22-09-2017
Exploring the influence of daily microroutines on residential guardianship and monitoring patterns
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-04-2019
Who is watching: exploring individual factors that explain supervision patterns among residential guardians
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-04-2018
TRANSITORY MOBILITY, CULTURAL HETEROGENEITY, AND VICTIMIZATION RISK AMONG YOUNG MEN OF COLOR: INSIGHTS FROM AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY IN CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-10-2013
The routine activity of guardianship: Comparing self-reports of guardianship intensity patterns with proxy measures
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-10-2015
DOI: 10.1057/CPCS.2015.9
What is the evidence? Preventing psychological violence in the workplace
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Guardians on Guardianship: Factors Affecting the Willingness to Supervise, the Ability to Detect Potential Offenders, and the Willingness to Intervene
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 13-04-2010
Abstract: Within criminology, much attention has been given to the processes of offending and victimization, but comparatively few studies have focused on the processes underlying guardianship. The current study turns the spotlight toward the capable guardian as the critical actor within the crime event model with the power to prevent crime. This study interviews residential guardians to examine key factors that render them capable of disrupting opportunities for crime. Results reveal three critical dimensions of capable guardianship at micro-places: (1) the willingness to supervise, (2) the ability to detect potential offenders, and (3) the willingness to intervene when necessary.
When scripts and guardianship unite: A script model to facilitate intervention of capable guardians in public settings
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2017
DOI: 10.1057/SJ.2015.8
Defensible Space
Publisher: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Date: 2010
Psychological Violence in the Workplace
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 13-09-2016
Higher‐order sliding mode observer for estimation of tyre friction in ground vehicles
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 04-2014
Guardianship Against Sexual Offenses
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 22-03-2016
Abstract: This article reviews the literature on bystander intervention with a view to establishing what we know about how guardians can be effective in preventing, disrupting, or reducing the severity of sexual offenses against women through intervention. Viewing bystanders as potential guardians, this review explores what is currently known about the presence of potential guardians at the scene of sexual offenses against women, and how these potential guardians respond to witnessing such events. Research shows that the likelihood and type of intervention by available guardians varies across situational contexts. Relatedly, trends in the characteristics of available and active guardians also reveal the importance of in idual characteristics such as age, and most significantly gender, in affecting the willingness to intervene and perceptions of capability in intervening in various situational contexts. Results suggest that while men generally have greater confidence in their physical capability to intervene directly, women generally express a greater willingness to help and are more likely to intervene indirectly. The implications of these gendered bystander responses for sexual assault prevention are discussed.
Informal Guardianship
Publisher: Springer New York
Date: 2014
Guardianship in action: Developing a new tool for measurement
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-12-2008
DOI: 10.1057/CPCS.2008.19
Developing a Revised Typology of Child Homicide
Publisher: The Centre for Excellence in Child and Family Welfare
Date: 13-07-2015
DOI: 10.1017/CHA.2015.18
Abstract: The problem of child homicide continues to be of major concern to researchers, policy makers and child welfare advocates everywhere. In particular, there is debate around the fundamental issues of defining and classifying such deaths. Here, a revised typology of child homicide is developed, by way of an update of the categories of fatal assault first delineated in Lawrence (2004). Taking into consideration significant advances in the field over the past decade, the typology is based primarily upon the developmental stages of the child, with the concept of homicide as the extreme manifestation of aggregate violence and maltreatment also central. The problem is further placed into the context of (1) child death research and review, it being argued that child homicide should ideally be studied as a sub-set of the entire cohort of child deaths for a particular jurisdiction, and (2) child maltreatment generally, in that wherever practicable child homicide research should consider fatalities in conjunction with other serious or near-fatal cases of abuse and neglect.
Guardianship and crime: an international comparative study of guardianship in action
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-02-2012
Informal Guardians and Offender Decision Making
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 06-06-2017
DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780199338801.013.16
Abstract: Research has demonstrated that informal guardians affect offender decision making in a variety of crime contexts. This chapter highlights what can be learned from empirical research about the way offenders perceive informal guardianship and how it affects criminal choices. Focusing specifically on studies that elucidate the offenders’ perspective on guardians, this chapter reviews what is known from studies on burglars, armed robbers, and sex offenders about how guardianship factors into their criminal decision making. Based on these offender accounts, the chapter reveals the patterns that emerge around (a) the stages of the crime event process in which guardianship is most likely to influence various types of offenders and (b) what form of guardianship is most effective in discouraging different offenders at different stages of the crime event.
Guardianship
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 05-02-2018
DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190279707.013.21
Abstract: The concept of guardianship has been defined as “any spatio-temporally specific supervision of people or property by other people which may prevent criminal violations from occurring.” As a key process of crime prevention and control by informal citizens, research on guardianship has revealed that it is negatively associated with crime, suggesting its importance as an effective crime control strategy. This chapter provides an overview of the theoretical origins of the guardianship concept, and reviews key empirical studies that have contributed to the development of criminological understanding of how guardianship functions to control crime. It concludes with a discussion of current research being done and the new directions currently being charted for continued insights into the processes and mechanisms that facilitate effective guardianship for crime prevention.
Guardianship in Action (GIA) Within Brisbane Suburbs
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 14-08-2017
Abstract: Using Reynald’s guardianship in action (GIA) model, direct observations of properties along high- and low-crime street segments, within one low-crime and one high-crime suburb of Brisbane, Australia, were conducted ( N = 1,113). Multiple observations of properties were recorded across multiple times of the day and day of the week, in order to determine (a) the guardianship intensity exhibited by suburban residents, (b) whether areas that experience different levels of property crime were associated with different levels of guardianship intensity, and (c) whether guardianship intensity differed across time of day and day of week. Results show that guardianship intensity was significantly higher on the high-crime street segments. Although levels of occupancy differed significantly in line with expected routine activity patterns, there were no significant differences in monitoring and intervention behaviors observed over time. Current findings are discussed in light of the unique suburban residential context of Brisbane, and avenues for future research are examined.
Guardianship for crime prevention: a critical review of the literature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-05-2011
The Offenders’ Perspective on Prevention
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 19-05-2011
Affect and Cognition in Criminal Decision Making
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 26-11-2013
Modelling Crime Flow between Neighbourhoods in Terms of Distance and of Intervening Opportunities
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-03-2008
Environmental Design and Crime Events
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 13-10-2014
Abstract: This article presents an overview of theoretical perspectives that explain the relationship between crime and environmental design. It describes how crime event research has been influenced significantly by developments in our understanding of how environmental design influences both offender decision making and crime preventive action by citizens. Key crime prevention techniques that involve the manipulation of environmental design will be explained and their empirical standing will be considered. Through a discussion of the practical applications of design theory and concepts, some fundamental limitations and gaps in criminological knowledge about the crime–design link will be highlighted. In conclusion, this article will emphasize the need for better integration of the role and function of crime controllers to continue the advancement of the crime–design framework.
Do Social Barriers Affect Urban Crime Trips? The Effects of Ethnic and Economic Neighbourhood Compositions on the Flow of Crime in The Hague, The Netherlands
Publisher: Alexandrine Press
Date: 04-2008
DOI: 10.2148/BENV.34.1.21
Changing perspectives on guardianship against crime: an examination of the importance of micro-level factors
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-10-2018
Related Organisations
Netherlands Institute For The Study Of Crime And Law Enforcement
Location: Netherlands
Related Funding Activities
What Works, What Doesn't, And What Is Promising For Preventing Sexual Violence And Abuse: The Effectiveness Of Situational Prevention
Start Date: 2013
End Date: 2018
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityCrime In High Rise Buildings: Planning For Vertical Community Safety
Start Date: 2012
End Date: 2014
Funder: Criminology Research Advisory Council, Australian Institute of Criminology
View Funded ActivityDiscovery Projects - Grant ID: DP200100830
Start Date: 01-2021
End Date: 12-2024
Amount: $365,706.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityDiscovery Projects - Grant ID: DP130100501
Start Date: 2013
End Date: 12-2018
Amount: $379,500.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity