ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8054-8751
Current Organisations
University of Naples Federico II
,
University of Oxford
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Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C5SC03208C
Abstract: We report a general method for the synthesis of core–shell hybrid materials containing a microporous zeolite core with an aqueous miscible organic-layered double hydroxide (AMO-LDH) shell using a simple in situ coprecipitation method.
Publisher: Aerospace Medical Association
Date: 05-2011
Abstract: Flight into adverse weather continues to be a significant hazard for General Aviation (GA) pilots. Weather-related crashes have a significantly higher fatality rate than other GA crashes. Previous research has identified lack of situational awareness, risk perception, and risk tolerance as possible explanations for why pilots would continue into adverse weather. However, very little is known about the nature of these encounters or the differences between pilots who avoid adverse weather and those who do not. Visitors to a web site described an experience with adverse weather and completed a range of measures of personal characteristics. The resulting data from 364 pilots were carefully screened and subject to a discriminant function analysis. Two significant functions were found. The first, accounting for 69% of the variance, reflected measures of risk awareness and pilot judgment while the second differentiated pilots in terms of their experience levels. The variables measured in this study enabled us to correctly discriminate between the three groups of pilots considerably better (53% correct classifications) than would have been possible by chance (33% correct classifications). The implications of these findings for targeting safety interventions are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-01-2016
Abstract: Understanding the driving forces controlling crystallization is essential for the efficient synthesis and design of new materials, particularly metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), where mild solvothermal synthesis often allows access to various phases from the same reagents. Using high-energy in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, we monitor the crystallization of lithium tartrate MOFs, observing the successive crystallization and dissolution of three competing phases in one reaction. By determining rate constants and activation energies, we fully quantify the reaction energy landscape, gaining important predictive power for the choice of reaction conditions. Different reaction rates are explained by the structural relationships between the products and the reactants larger changes in conformation result in higher activation energies. The methods we demonstrate can easily be applied to other materials, opening the door to a greater understanding of crystallization in general.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-03-2020
DOI: 10.3390/RS12061001
Abstract: With the increasing role that unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are playing in data collection for environmental studies, two key challenges relate to harmonizing and providing standardized guidance for data collection, and also establishing protocols that are applicable across a broad range of environments and conditions. In this context, a network of scientists are cooperating within the framework of the Harmonious Project to develop and promote harmonized mapping strategies and disseminate operational guidance to ensure best practice for data collection and interpretation. The culmination of these efforts is summarized in the present manuscript. Through this synthesis study, we identify the many interdependencies of each step in the collection and processing chain, and outline approaches to formalize and ensure a successful workflow and product development. Given the number of environmental conditions, constraints, and variables that could possibly be explored from UAS platforms, it is impractical to provide protocols that can be applied universally under all scenarios. However, it is possible to collate and systematically order the fragmented knowledge on UAS collection and analysis to identify the best practices that can best ensure the streamlined and rigorous development of scientific products.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2017
DOI: 10.1002/ACP.3334
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2010.08.007
Abstract: Weather conditions are significant hazards impacting the safe and efficient operation of aircraft. In this study, a large number of pilots were surveyed regarding weather events, and the circumstances associated with those events. Pilots completed a web-based questionnaire containing demographic questions, a risk perception scale, a hazardous events scale, and a pilot judgment scale. The pilots who reported a flight in which they penetrated weather without authorization or were concerned about the weather also completed 53 questions regarding their weather encounter. Usable data were obtained for 364 participants: 144 who reported flying into weather, 114 who experienced a flight on which weather was a concern, and 106 who reported no flights on which weather was entered or was a major concern. Significant differences were evident between the three groups on the measures of pilot judgment, personal minimums, and hazardous events where pilots flying into weather recorded the poorest scores (least conservative minimums, most hazardous events, and poorest judgment). Significant differences were also noted between the two weather groups for a number of circumstances surrounding the events. Compared to the in-weather group, pilots in the near-weather group had acquired greater instrument hours, were older, and were more likely to have an instrument rating. Their aircraft were more likely to have an autopilot. More pilots in the in-weather group (28%) reported that they would be much more careful in the future regarding weather, compared to 17% of the near-weather group. The study provides data not previously obtained on both the situational and personal characteristics that are related to involvement in different degrees of weather-related encounters. These data should promote a better understanding of these in iduals and the situations in which they are involved, and should inform future research and intervention efforts.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C8DT05054F
Abstract: Anti -bimetallic transition metal complexes based on the permethylpentanyl ligand: anti -(MCp R 5 ) 2 Pn* (M = Fe, Co and Ni) have been synthesised and fully characterised.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-10-2016
Abstract: Versatility in metal substitution is one of the key aspects of metal-organic framework (MOF) chemistry, allowing properties to be tuned in a rational way. As a result, it important to understand why MOF syntheses involving different metals arrive at or fail to produce the same topological outcome. Frequently, conditions are tuned by trial-and-error to make MOFs with different metal species. We ask: is it possible to adjust synthetic conditions in a systematic way in order to design routes to desired phases? We have used in situ X-ray powder diffraction to study the solvothermal formation of isostructural M
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-09-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-017-00596-3
Abstract: Bio-oil, produced by the destructive distillation of cheap and renewable lignocellulosic biomass, contains high energy density oligomers in the water-insoluble fraction that can be utilized for diesel and valuable fine chemicals productions. Here, we show an efficient hydrodeoxygenation catalyst that combines highly dispersed palladium and ultrafine molybdenum phosphate nanoparticles on silica. Using phenol as a model substrate this catalyst is 100% effective and 97.5% selective for hydrodeoxygenation to cyclohexane under mild conditions in a batch reaction this catalyst also demonstrates regeneration ability in long-term continuous flow tests. Detailed investigations into the nature of the catalyst show that it combines hydrogenation activity of Pd and high density of both Brønsted and Lewis acid sites we believe these are key features for efficient catalytic hydrodeoxygenation behavior. Using a wood and bark-derived feedstock, this catalyst performs hydrodeoxygenation of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose-derived oligomers into liquid alkanes with high efficiency and yield.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-07-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-09-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.6B02549
Abstract: We report a powerful new technique: hyphenating synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). This is achieved with a simple modification to a standard laboratory DSC instrument, in contrast to previous reports which have involved extensive and complex modifications to a DSC to mount it in the synchrotron beam. The high-energy X-rays of the synchrotron permit the recording of powder diffraction patterns in as little as 2 s, meaning that thermally induced phase changes can be accurately quantified and additional insight on the nature of phase transitions obtained. Such detailed knowledge cannot be gained from existing laboratory XRD instruments, since much longer collection times are required. We demonstrate the power of our approach with two model systems, glutaric acid and sulfathiazole, both of which show enantiotropic polymorphism. The phase transformations between the low and high temperature polymorphs are revealed to be direct solid-solid processes, and sequential refinement against the diffraction patterns obtained permits phase fractions at each temperature to be calculated and unit cell parameters to be accurately quantified as a function of temperature. The combination of XRD and DSC has further allowed us to identify mixtures of phases which appeared phase-pure by DSC.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-10-2015
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 07-1994
DOI: 10.1063/1.1144729
Abstract: A novel s le chamber has been developed for the study of chemical reactions involving air sensitive s les using energy-dispersive powder diffraction. The apparatus consists of a reaction vessel, automatic reactant dispensing system, heating jacket, stirrer, and gas purge system. The use of this apparatus is illustrated with data collected on station 9.7 of the UK Synchrotron Radiation Source during a study on the intercalation of cobaltocene into tin disulfide.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 30-05-2017
DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1330494
Abstract: Skilled performance has been characterised, in part, by the capacity to accurately identify and respond to patterns as cues in the environment. The outcome is a reduction in cognitive load and a greater residual capacity to undertake concurrent tasks. The present study was designed to examine the relationship between cue utilisation and temporal pattern recognition in the context of a simulated, rail control task. Sixty-one university students undertook an assessment of cue utilisation and engaged in a rail control simulation. The appearance and movement of trains followed a consistent but implicit (undisclosed) pattern. Throughout the second half of the rail task, a secondary task was included. The results indicated that participants with relatively higher cue utilisation were more likely to identify the implicit pattern of rail movements, were more accurate and responded more rapidly under increased workload conditions. The results suggest that a propensity to identify patterns as cues may provide an opportunity to reduce cognitive demands, thereby facilitating performance in a novel task. Implications for selection and system design are discussed. Practitioner Summary: This study was designed to explain differences in the way in which people learn, particularly when tasks involve recurring patterns. Using simulated rail control, the results indicated that participants who display behaviour that is indicative of the utilisation of cues also recognise patterns in the movement of simulated trains. This enables them to manage trains more effectively, even while undertaking other tasks.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-05-2010
DOI: 10.1002/ECO.131
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-03-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2016
DOI: 10.1111/AP.12170
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-03-2016
DOI: 10.1111/JCAP.12132
Abstract: Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder associated with adverse outcomes. High rates of comorbidity (80-90%) complicate presentation, yet the relationship among TS, common comorbid diagnoses, and adversity is not well understood. This research investigated the impact of comorbidity, and the discrete effects of common comorbid diagnoses, on quality of life (QoL) and functioning of youth with TS. A community s le of parents of youth with TS (n = 86) participated in this survey-based study. Differences in QoL (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory) and rates of psychological, behavioral, and social difficulties (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire) reported for youth with or without comorbid disorder were determined, in addition to outcomes associated with in idual disorders. Parametric and nonparametric analyses revealed strong associations between comorbidity and decreased global QoL, impaired emotional and school functioning, and increased emotional symptomatology (p < .001). The impact of in idual comorbid disorders was restricted and disorder specific, and TS was uniquely associated with impaired social functioning and peer relationship problems. Understanding the risks associated with TS, particularly to psychosocial well-being, and the specific risks accompanying in idual comorbid disorders, may improve assessment, prioritization of treatment goals, and interventions targeting the in idual, multidimensional needs of youth with TS.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2003
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6CC08133A
Abstract: We report the first use of high-energy monochromatic in situ X-ray powder diffraction to gain unprecedented insights into the chemical processes occurring during high temperature, lab-scale metal oxide syntheses.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-2003
DOI: 10.1518/HFES.45.2.337.27246
Abstract: Inappropriate and ineffective weather-related decision making continues to account for a significant proportion of general aviation fatalities in the United States and elsewhere. This study details the evaluation of a computer-based training system that was developed to provide visual pilots with the skills necessary to recognize and respond to the cues associated with deteriorating weather conditions during flight. A total of 66 pilots were assigned to one of two groups, and the evaluation process was undertaken at both a self-report and performance level. At the self-report level, the results suggested that pilots were more likely to use the cues following exposure to the training program. From a performance perspective, there is evidence to suggest that cue-based training can improve the timeliness of weather-related decision making during visual flight rules flight. Actual or potential applications of this research include the development of computer-based training systems for fault diagnosis in complex industrial environments.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7CE00481H
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-11-2016
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 03-1995
DOI: 10.1063/1.1146451
Abstract: The design and implementation of a pressure cell for the study of hydrothermal reactions by in situ energy dispersive x-ray diffraction is described. The cell permits the study of both the kinetics and mechanism of formation of a wide range of important solid-state compounds such as zeolites and other microporous solids. Reactions can be studied over a wide range of temperature (5–230 °C) and autogenous pressure [0–400 psi (gauge)] conditions. The use of this apparatus is illustrated by a study on the synthesis of a microporous tin chalcogenide phase performed on Station 9.7 of the UK Synchrotron Radiation Source.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/AJPY.12111
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1995
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-12-2017
DOI: 10.1093/JAC/DKX458
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 1994
DOI: 10.1039/C39940000809
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2008
DOI: 10.1002/ACP.1428
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 1996
DOI: 10.1021/JA953680S
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 1995
DOI: 10.1039/C39950002423
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-10-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S10578-015-0590-7
Abstract: The aim of this controlled, community-based study based on data from parents of youth (aged 7-16 years) with Tourette's syndrome (TS n = 86) and parents of age and gender matched peers (n = 108) was to test several hypotheses involving a range of variables salient to the TS population, including peer attachment, quality of life, severity of tics, comorbidity, and psychological, behavioural and social dysfunction. Multivariate between-group analyses confirmed that TS group youth experienced lower quality of life, increased emotional, behavioural and social difficulties, and elevated rates of insecure peer attachment relative to controls, as reported by their primary caregiver. Results also confirmed the main hypothesis that security of peer attachment would be associated with in idual variability in outcomes for youth with TS. As predicted, multivariate within-TS group analyses determined strong relationships among adverse quality of life outcomes and insecure attachment to peers, increased tic severity, and the presence of comorbid disorder. Findings suggest that youth with TS are at increased risk for insecure peer attachment and that this might be an important variable impacting the quality of life outcomes for those diagnosed.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-2004
DOI: 10.1518/HFES.46.2.277.37333
Abstract: Recent “naturalistic” theories of decision making emphasize the role of stored prior experiences or cases as a guide to current action. However, there is little empirical evidence on the role that case-based remindings play in real-life decision making. The present study utilized a Web-based survey to collect data about the role of prior cases in pilot decision making about critical flight events. Results showed that more than half of the 1081 pilots who responded could provide details about utilizing a previous case in responding to a critical flight event. These events were most likely to involve weather or equipment failure. The cases were found to be useful in situational assessment rather than option evaluation. The use of cases increased with age and experience. Data obtained from a concurrent conventional survey showed broadly similar results. The implications of these results are that case-based remindings play an important role in expert pilot decision making and that a training system that incorporates case-based learning would be a potentially useful means of improving pilot decision making. Actual or potential applications of this research include the development of case-based training systems to enhance flight training.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 28-06-2012
Abstract: The present study investigated whether performance across a range of cue-based cognitive tasks differentiated the diagnostic performance of power control operators into three distinct groups, characteristic of novice, competence, and expertise. Despite its increasing importance in the contemporary workplace, there is little understanding of the cognitive processes that distinguish novice, competent, and expert performance in the context of remote diagnosis. However, recent evidence suggests that cue acquisition and utilization may represent a mechanism by which the transition from novice to expertise occurs. The study involved the application of four distinct cue-based tasks within the context of power system control. A total of 65 controllers, encompassing a range of industry experience, completed the tasks as part of an in-service training program. Using a cluster analysis, it was possible to extract three distinct groups of operators on the basis of their performance in the cue-based tasks, and these groups corresponded to differences in diagnostic performance. The results indicate assessments of the capacity to extract and utilize cues were able to distinguish expert from competent practitioners in the context of power control. Assessments of the capacity to extract and utilize cues may be used in the future to distinguish expert from nonexpert practitioners, particularly in the context of remote diagnosis.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSR.2008.05.009
Abstract: According to Lopes [Lopes, L.L. (1987). Between hope and fear: The psychology of risk. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 20, 255-295] tolerance of risk may be governed by sensitivity to either the opportunities for gain or threats of loss involved. In the initial study, qualified pilots were presented with 36 written flight scenarios that varied in the levels of opportunity and threat present. The pilots rated the likelihood that they would undertake each flight. Pilots were largely risk averse, as their ratings were all significantly influenced by threat. The pilots whose ratings were significantly influenced by opportunity had been involved in more hazardous aviation incidents than the other pilots. In the final study, 32 qualified pilots completed both the risk tolerance measure and a simulated flight into adverse weather. The pilots who continued flying into adverse weather were less risk averse compared to the pilots who erted. This further highlighted the link between risk tolerance and risk-taking, and suggested that some pilots may fly into adverse weather because of a greater tolerance of risk. The studies provide evidence that a measure of risk tolerance can predict potential accident involvement amongst general aviation pilots.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-10-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-03-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSR.2006.02.006
Abstract: There have been few studies of the risk factors for fatal injury in air crashes of rotary-wing aircraft, and none of risk factors for all serious injury (fatal and non-fatal) in these aircraft. The aim of the study was to identify the potentially modifiable risk factors for injury in civil rotary-wing aircraft crashes in New Zealand. We analyzed records from all reported civil rotary-wing aircraft crashes in New Zealand between 1988 and 1994. Air crash data from the official databases were merged with nationwide injury records and information obtained from Coroner's files. Crashes where the pilot-in-command was fatally injured were compared with crashes where the pilot-in-command was not fatally injured on 50 variables, covering pilot, aircraft, environmental, and operational characteristics. A second analysis compared crashes where the pilot-in-command was seriously injured (either fatally or non-fatally) with crashes where the pilot-in-command was not hospitalized with an injury. A series of multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the odds associated with each of the factors identified by the univariate analyses. The most significant risk factors for all serious injury were: (a) not obtaining a weather briefing, (b) off-airport location of the crash site, (c) flights carried out for air transport purposes, and (d) non-solo flights. Other risk factors, significant for fatal injury only, included post-crash fire and the nature of the crash terrain. Factors within the control of the pilot, environmental, and flight characteristics are the key determinants of the injury outcome of civil rotary-wing aircraft crashes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 1996
DOI: 10.1021/CM960047C
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-04-2018
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 29-03-2016
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Dermot O'Hare.