ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1201-4736
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-09-2018
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 18-01-2021
Abstract: Different genes and loci that are associated with non-syndromic developmental tooth agenesis (TA) have the same causation pathway in the development of tumours including breast cancer (BC), epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), colorectal cancer (CRC) and lung cancer (LC). To assess the link between TA and the development of cancer. This registered review included a comprehensive search of electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL], LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science and Medline via Ovid) until 1 April 2020, supplemented by manual, grey literature and reference lists search. There was no restriction in term of date of publication, gender, race or type of hypodontia. The primary outcome was the relationship between TA and cancer. The secondary outcome was to identify the genetic correlation between TA and cancer. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently and induplicate by two reviewers, with disputes resolved by a third reviewer. Eight studies with a moderate-high risk of bias were included in the final review, with a total of 5821 participants. Due to the heterogeneity among the included studies, the data were presented narratively. Limited studies reported a high prevalence of EOC (19.2%–20%) and CRC (82%–100%) in in iduals with TA (depending on the study) compared to those without TA (3% for EOC and 0% for CRC). While others reported a weak correlation between EOC and CRC and TA ( P 0.05). Weak evidence suggested a strong correlation between breast, cervical uterine and prostate cancers and TA ( P 0.05). Though low-quality evidence suggests a link between TA and cancer, it was not possible to verify that TA can hold a predictive value as a marker for cancers. Further research is needed to confirm the association. PROSPERO (CRD42020139751).
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-07-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41432-021-0188-9
Abstract: Background Class III malocclusions with maxillary retrognathia are commonly treated with single jaw Le Fort I maxillary advancement. The three-dimensional (3D) effects of surgery on the nasolabial region varies among the clinical studies. Quantifying these changes is of great importance for surgical planning and obtaining valid consent. Objectives To investigate the 3D relationship between soft tissue and skeletal changes secondary to Le Fort I maxillary advancement surgery in skeletal class III patients.Search methods Comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases supplemented by a manual and grey literature search were undertaken from inception to 9 June 2020.Selection criteria Studies that evaluated the 3D soft tissue changes of patients before and after maxillary advancement surgery alone.Data collection and analysis Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers, with disputes resolved by a third reviewer. A quantitative synthesis of the data was pre-planned for pooling similar outcome measures.Results Four studies were included in the final review and meta-analysis, with a total of 105 patients (mean age 16.7 + 33.9 years). The mean maxillary advancement of the included studies was 5.58 mm (95% CI 5.20-5.96). The sagittal effects of surgery on nose tip projection and prominence were insignificant (P >0.05, two studies) however, subnasal projection (MD 1.7 mm, two studies) and upper lip projection (MD 2.90 mm, four studies) increased significantly in a forward direction after surgery (P <0.05). Le Fort I osteotomy widens the upper philtrum width (MD 0.84 mm, two studies) (P <0.05). Inconsistencies among the included studies were identified therefore, the results should be interpreted with caution.Conclusions There is weak evidence based on quantitative assessments that Le Fort I maxillary advancement significantly affects the nasolabial soft tissue envelope mainly in a sagittal dimension. These changes are concentrated around the central zone of the nasolabial region. Future prospective studies on maxillary advancement osteotomy with a standardised method of assessment, taking into consideration the confounding factors, are required.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-12-2017
DOI: 10.1111/OCR.12210
Abstract: The aim of this study is to explore the effectiveness of nickel titanium closing springs (NiTi-CS) and elastomeric power chains (EPC) in orthodontic space closure and to assess the adverse periodontal effects, cost efficiency and patient-centred outcomes between both of these methods. An electronic search of online databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, LILACS and Web of Science), reference lists and grey literature as well as hand search were conducted without language restriction up to November/2017. Two authors blindly and in duplicate were involved in study selection, quality assessment and the extraction of data. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. 95% confidence intervals and mean difference for continuous data were calculated. A meta-analysis that generated a random-effect model for the comparable outcomes was conducted, and heterogeneity was measured using I Of 187 records, 4 RCTs met the criteria and were included in the quantitative synthesis featuring 290 test quadrants. Faster space closure with NiTi-CS was observed with a mean difference of (0.20 mm/month, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.28). Loss of anchorage appears to be similar within both groups when synthesized qualitatively. With exception to anchorage loss, secondary outcomes could not be investigated in the included trials. There is a moderate quality of evidence suggesting a faster orthodontic space closure with the NiTi-CS when compared to EPC. A comparable amount of anchorage loss was observed regardless of the utilized method of space closure. Further high-quality RCTs with parallel-groups, reporting on the adverse effects and patient-centred values, are recommended.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-09-2018
DOI: 10.1080/14653125.2018.1518187
Abstract: To establish the effectiveness of Alternate Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Constriction combined with Protraction Facial Mask (Alt-RAMEC/PFM) approach in treating Class III growing patients compared with PFM combined with conventional Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME/PFM). Search sources: Unrestricted search in five electronic databases and manual searching were undertaken up to February 2018. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of Alt-RAMEC/PFM were selected. Screening of references, data extraction and assessment of bias risk were evaluated independently by two reviewers. Five RCTs comparing the Alt-RAMEC/PFM with RME/PFM met the inclusion criteria. Small but statistically significant mean differences favouring Alt-RAMEC/PFM protocol as measured by SNA angle (1.16° 95% CI 0.65 to 1.66), SNB angle (0.67° 95% CI 0.32 to 1.02) and ANB angle (0.66° 95% CI 0.08 to 1.25) were noted. Alt-RAMEC/PFM exhibited a more favourable overjet correction when compared to RME/PFM, however, differences in other dental changes were insignificant. There is limited evidence with high risk of bias that Alt-RAMEC/PFM can result in a statistically significant increase in maxillary protraction compared with RME/PFM in Chinese subjects over the short-term. High-quality long-term RCTs with inclusion of patient-reported outcomes are required.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 26-06-2018
DOI: 10.1093/EJO/CJY045
Abstract: Reminders are implemented in healthcare services to increase compliance with treatment and to decrease the rate of failed appointments. Their effects in the provision of orthodontic care are not yet fully understood. The main objectives of this review were to assess the effectiveness of reminder systems in improving oral hygiene (OH) and adherence to appointments in orthodontic patients. An unrestricted search was conducted in six electronic databases and was supplemented by an extensive manual search up to January 2018. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of reminders in orthodontics were included. Two authors were independently involved in study selection, data extraction, and bias assessment. A random-effects model with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was generated for comparable outcomes. Periodontal parameters were evaluated in the short term (1-3 months) and in the long term (>3 months). Cochrane risk of bias tool was utilized for bias assessment and the quality of the resultant evidence was graded. Additional subgroup and sensitivity analyses were implemented. Fourteen RCTs involving 2078 participants met the inclusion criteria five studies were excluded from the quantitative synthesis due to high risk of bias. Small but statistically significant standardized mean differences in the plaque index scores were recorded favoring patients receiving reminders in the short-term (-0.38 95% CI: -0.65 to -0.10) and in the long-term (-1.51 95% CI: -2.72 to -0.30). Patients receiving reminders were less likely to miss their appointments with a relative risk of (0.39 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.70) and less likely to develop white spot lesions (0.45 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.65). There is moderate-to-high quality of evidence that reminders have a positive effect on OH and adherence to appointments in orthodontic patients. These effects were demonstrated in the short- and long-term. Future high-quality RCTs should be designed with longer follow-up periods. PROSPERO (CRD42017084479). None.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-2019
DOI: 10.1093/EJO/CJZ013
Abstract: Pain is an unpleasant side-effect that can be experienced during orthodontic procedures including debonding of fixed appliances. Pain experience can vary depending on the appliance, debonding technique, as well as adjunctive measures used. The primary objective of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of different debonding techniques and adjunctive methods on pain/discomfort perception during debonding procedure (PDP) of fixed orthodontic appliances. The secondary objective was to assess the effects of anatomic location and gender on PDP of fixed orthodontic appliances. Multiple electronic databases were searched from inception to August 2018. Reference lists of the included articles were manually screened. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials were included. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers according to Cochrane guidelines, with disputes resolved by a third reviewer. Clinical heterogeneity in study design and methodology prevented quantitative synthesis of the data. The search yielded 198 articles after the removal of duplicates. Seven studies were included in the final review with a total of 307 participants aged 12–60 years. Of the four studies comparing different debonding instruments of labial fixed appliances, two studies showed that the lift-off debonding instrument (LODI) produced lower PDP levels than ligature cutting pliers. Three studies compared adjunctive measures to reduce PDP of labial fixed appliances. Finger pressure and bite wafers significantly reduced PDP levels. Analgesics administration (ibuprofen + paracetamol tablets) 1 hour prior to debonding also reduced PDP. PDP was significantly higher in anterior segments and in females. The authors acknowledge that there was clinical heterogeneity among the included studies and that the potential effect of diurnal variation on pain during debonding was not considered in any of the included trials. There is weak evidence indicating that using the LODI may reduce PDP of labial fixed appliances. Adjunctive measures such as an intrusive force with finger pressure, bite wafers, and preoperative analgesia may further aid PDP control. Further well-designed parallel-group RCTs taking into consideration the diurnal variation in pain are required. PROSPERO (CRD42017084474). None. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Hisham Mohammed.