ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3241-8690
Current Organisation
Nanyang Technological University
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Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 31-08-2023
DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.29.23294758
Abstract: The default mode network (DMN) is a prominent neural network in the human brain that exhibits a substantial association with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Functional connectivity (FC) and grey matter volume (GMV) were reported to differ between AD and healthy controls (HC). Nevertheless, available evidence is scarce regarding the structural and functional alterations observed in in iduals diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) within the context of Malaysia. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Klang Valley region of Malaysia. A total of 22 participants were enlisted for the study, following a thorough clinical assessment completed by geriatricians. The participants underwent a series of neuropsychological tests, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). The participants were classified into two groups, namely AD (Alzheimer's disease) and HC (healthy controls), before the acquisition of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (Rs-fMRI) images. The analysis of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was conducted using SPM 12, a widely used software package in the field of neuroimaging, implemented in MATLAB. The primary objective of this analysis was to assess the grey matter volume (GMV). The CONN toolbox was employed to assess the functional connectivity (FC) and activation patterns of the nodes inside the default mode network (DMN). In this pilot project, a cohort of 22 participants was enlisted, consisting of 11 in iduals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) with an age range of 64-84 years and 11 healthy controls (HC) with an age range of 64-79 years. In the Alzheimer's disease (AD) group, there was a reduction in grey matter volume (GMV) observed in several brain regions when compared to the healthy control (HC) group. Specifically, decreased GMV was found in the right and left inferior temporal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus medial segment, right gyrus rectus, right temporal lobe, left putamen, and right precuneus, respectively. The significance level for the Rs-FC analysis was established at a cluster-size corrected p-value of less than 0.05. A notable reduction in the activation of the nodes within the default mode network (DMN) was observed in in iduals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to healthy controls (HC). This drop was notably evident in the functional connectivity of the precuneus and anterior cingulate cortex in both AD and HC groups, as well as in the comparison between AD and HC groups. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can identify specific imaging biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease by analysing grey matter volume (GMV) and default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity (FC) profiles. Consequently, there is promise for utilising resting-state fMRI as a non-invasive approach to enhance the detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease within the Malaysian community.
Publisher: Neurotak Publishing
Date: 27-12-2021
DOI: 10.31117/NEUROSCIRN.V4I4.107
Abstract: The characteristics of smartphone addiction (SPA) can be evaluated by neuroimaging studies. Information on the brain structural alterations, and effects on psychosocial wellbeing, however, have not been concurrently evaluated. The aim of this study was to identify abnormalities in gray matter volume using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and neuronal functional alterations using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in emerging adults with SPA. We correlated the neuroimaging parameters with indices for psychosocial wellbeing such as depression, anxiety, stress, and impulsivity. Forty participants (20 SPA and 20 age-matched healthy controls) were assessed using VBM and rs-fMRI. The smartphone addiction scale – Malay version (SAS-M) questionnaire scores were used to categorize the SPA and healthy control groups. DASS-21 and BIS-11 questionnaires were used to assess for psychosocial wellbeing and impulsivity, respectively. VBM identified the SPA group to have reduced gray matter volume in the insula and precentral gyrus and increased grey matter volume in the precuneus relative to controls. Moderate correlation was observed between the precuneus volume and the SAS-M scores. In iduals with SPA showed significant rs-fMRI activations in the precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex (FWE uncorrected, p .001). The severity of SPA was correlated with depression. Anxiety score was moderately correlated with reduced GMV at the precentral gyrus. Collectively, these results can be used to postulate that the structural and neuronal functional changes in the insula are linked to the neurobiology of SPA that shares similarities with other behavioural addictions.
Location: India
No related grants have been discovered for Nisha Syed Nasser.