ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5963-6797
Current Organisation
Australian National University
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In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Social Policy | Policy and Administration | Social Change | Family and Household Studies
Income Distribution | Families | The distribution of wealth | Youth/child development and welfare | Public Services Policy Advice and Analysis |
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-10-2007
Publisher: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute (AHURI)
Date: 25-02-2021
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-2006
DOI: 10.1177/138826270600800302
Abstract: Child poverty is on the policy agenda in all OECD countries. One of the main issues in the debate about child poverty is the appropriate balance between the “tax and benefits strategy” (increasing the adequacy of benefits for low income families with children) and the “work strategy” (promoting policies to increase employment among poor families). This article assesses the extent to which child poverty is associated with the work status of parents. It is found that child poverty rates are significantly higher for jobless families than for families with at least one parent in employment, and are significantly higher in single earner families than in two-earner families. The analysis finds, however, that in most OECD countries only a minority of poor families with children are jobless. Nevertheless, jobless families are nearly everywhere the most disadvantaged among the poor, and all countries with very low child poverty rates (less than 5%) have low levels of family joblessness. The article assesses the extent to which child poverty can be reduced by policies which successfully promote higher parental employment, identifying wide variations across countries in the effectiveness of different policy approaches.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-1993
DOI: 10.1177/095892879300300402
Abstract: This article reports on a study of the child support package in all countries of the Euro pean Community, Australia, Norway and the United States of America. The package is defined as consisting of all social security ben efits, child support (maintenance) arrange ments where they are guaranteed, benefits for lone parents and equivalent help kind such as Food St s it also includes fiscal arrange ments and benefits that mitigate the impact of housing costs or reduce the costs of health care, schooling and pre-school child care.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 04-10-2021
DOI: 10.1017/ICS.2021.9
Abstract: In most global south countries, various informal institutions provide welfare to a large segment of the neglected, poor and vulnerable populations through informal social protection. Despite being a major source of welfare in the global south, the usefulness of informal social protection at the household level remains an under-researched area. In this exploratory study, we have determined the usefulness of informal social protection provided through religious institutions, such as madrassas and compared it with formal social protection at the household level utilising the case study of a lower-income country such as Pakistan. A mixed methodology of data collection comprising a survey and semi-structured interviews in 14 different cities of Pakistan of the poor and eligible households for receiving formal social protection was conducted for the research. The results suggest the coverage of informal social protection provided by madrassas is greater than formal social protection. The poor and vulnerable population value and considers it more useful than formal social protection. We conclude that integrating informal and formal social protection would help improve the effectiveness of social policies in developing and less developed countries.
Publisher: Bristol University Press
Date: 02-2020
DOI: 10.1332/175982719X15723525915871
Abstract: This article examines the challenges in designing income-tested benefits for people of working age. This is particularly difficult in the context of changing patterns of work and volatility in earnings and income. Matching benefits to needs requires timely assessment and payment. We compare the treatment of timing issues in the working-age welfare systems of the United Kingdom and Australia. The article discusses how these different but similar systems deal with the timing of income receipt and benefit adjustment, problems of overpayment and debt, and draws out some lessons for the design of income-tested provisions.
Publisher: Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1787/1815199X
Publisher: PERSEE Program
Date: 1994
Abstract: Une recherche sur l'ensemble des prestations familiales dans quinze pays, lancée en 1992 par le ministère de la Sécurité sociale (Department of Social Security) du Royaume-Uni et cofinancée par la CNAF, a été réalisée par une équipe internationale de chercheurs sous la direction du Department of Social Security and Social Work and the Social Policy Research Unit, University of York (1). Cette étude a fait l'objet d'un rapport de synthèse (Bradshaw et alii). Depuis, deux pays, la Suède et le Japon, ont été ajoutés au ch de l'étude. Les principaux résultats pour dix-sept pays sont présentés ici.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-1997
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-04-2021
Abstract: ‘Robodebt’ is the label applied to an Australian government initiative designed to increase recoveries of ‘overpayments’ made to social security recipients. Following complaints from many of those affected, there have been multiple investigations and inquiries, and a Federal Court Case which ruled the policy unlawful. The government is in the process of paying back more than $1000 million to more than 400,000 people after conceding the largest class action settlement in Australian history, and faces calls for a Royal Commission. Robodebt resembles a ‘policy fiasco’, as the outcomes could have been foreseen at the inception of the initiative. But it differs from other ex les of policy failures in that it was intentional, and not the result of mistakes in design or implementation. The initiative not only failed to achieve the Budgetary savings anticipated, it has undermined rather than protected the integrity of the social security system. It poses serious questions about the quality of Australian public administration. The objective of this article is to clarify exactly how this fiasco occurred and identify the similarities and differences between this case study and other policy failures.
Publisher: Unpublished
Date: 1998
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 14-04-2009
Publisher: ANU Press
Date: 09-04-2014
DOI: 10.22459/MPW.04.2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-06-2008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-1987
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 07-04-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0266650
Abstract: To determine health impacts during, and following, an extended community lockdown and COVID-19 outbreak in the Australian state of Victoria, compared with the rest of Australia. A national cohort of 898 working-age Australians enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study, completing surveys before, during, and after a 112-day community lockdown in Victoria (8 July– 27 October 2020). Outcomes included psychological distress, mental and physical health, work, social interactions and finances. Regression models examined health changes during and following lockdown. The Victorian lockdown led to increased psychological distress. Health impacts coincided with greater social isolation and work loss. Following the extended lockdown, mental health, work and social interactions recovered to an extent whereby no significant long-lasting effects were identified in Victoria compared to the rest of Australia. The Victorian community lockdown had adverse health consequences, which reversed upon release from lockdown. Governments should weigh all potential health impacts of lockdown. Services and programs to reduce the negative impacts of lockdown may include increases in mental health care, encouraging safe social interactions and supports to maintain employment relationships.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-2006
DOI: 10.1093/OXREP/GRJ006
Publisher: OECD
Date: 02-2002
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-2003
DOI: 10.1177/1468018103003001011
Abstract: The Chinese system of social protection has been subject to significant reforms over the past 25 years, but it can still be regarded as a system in transition. These reforms have been impressive in scope and much has been achieved in extending coverage, pooling resources, improving administration of payments, and in starting to address the issue of future financing requirements. Nevertheless, the system is not yet fully appropriate for the challenges facing China over the next decade and beyond. This article assesses the main features of the development of the Chinese pension system, and identifies a number of issues to be addressed as part of future reforms. The article compares the Chinese system with those operating in other world regions, and also in other parts of Asia. Chinese developments are also discussed in the context of global social policy developments and the role of international organizations. The article also discusses possible approaches to dealing with future challenges.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-1994
DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-246X.1994.TB00411.X
Abstract: One of the most striking trends over the past 20 years is the growth in the number of lone parent families in developed countries. This article provides an analysis of the structure of incentives in benefit systems for lone parents in a cross‐national perspective, using data from a recent comparative study of the systems of support for families with children in 17 countries (the members of the European Union, Australia, Japan, Norway, Sweden and the United States). The article compares the level of benefits for lone parents and takes into account the impact of housing costs, health costs, and education and preschool provision. It assesses the possible incentive effects of different systems through a comparison of the financial positions of lone parents not in paid employment, lone parents in the labour market and other family types.
Publisher: ANU Press
Date: 09-04-2014
DOI: 10.22459/MPW.04.2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-11-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1989
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-1995
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 09-2006
DOI: 10.1177/103530460601700103
Abstract: Just over 20 years ago, Fred Gruen (1982) reviewed debates about the level of welfare expenditure in Australia, noting them as being motivated on the one hand by the view that ‘more is better’, and on the other hand by the view that ‘too much’ is dangerous. Despite Gruen's debunking of many assertions about the Australian welfare state, the debate continues, with arguments on the one hand, that Australian welfare state spending is ‘mean’ compared to other countries, and on the other hand, that Australia has a significant problem of welfare dependency and increasing welfare spending. This paper presents the results of recent OECD studies that provide the most-up-to-date comparative information on the relative performance of Australian welfare arrangements. The paper looks at: (i) the trends in the level of social expenditure in Australia compared to other OECD countries, and explanations for differences across countries (ii) the level of benefit receipt among people of working age (iii) the impact of social expenditure on income distribution and (iv) the relative generosity of benefits and implications for incentives. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy conclusions that might be drawn from these comparisons.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 12-05-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.06.20093773
Abstract: This study estimated the extent of psychological distress among people losing work during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Australia, and examined associations between distress, nature of work loss and degree of social interaction. Data were from a baseline online survey of an inception cohort recruited in the weeks following the introduction of physical distancing and movement restrictions to contain the spread of COVID-19 in Australia. These restrictions resulted in widespread unemployment and working hour reduction. Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler-6 scale. Data on nature of work loss, social interactions, demographic, job and occupational characteristics were also collected. Regression modelling was conducted to determine the relationship between work loss, social interactions and psychological distress, accounting for confounders. Among the 551 study participants 31% reported severe psychological distress, 35% in those with job loss and 28% in those still employed but working less. Those who had significantly greater odds of high psychological distress were younger, female, had lost their job and had lower social interactions. The relationship between job loss and distress became non-significant when financial stress, and occupation were included in the regression model, but the protective effect of higher social interactions remained significant. There was a high prevalence of psychological distress in people losing work during the coronavirus pandemic. Age, gender, job loss and social interactions were strongly associated with distress. Interventions that promote social interaction may help to reduce distress during among people losing work during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Publisher: Bristol University Press
Date: 1993
DOI: 10.1332/030557393782453925
Abstract: Under the provisions of the Child Support Bill of 1991, a new system of child maintenance is currently being implemented in Britain in order to increase the coverage and level of private support for children whose parents have separated or orced. When the scheme was introduced, the government indicated that the recent Australian system of child support had been one model for this initiative. This paper compares the main features of the Australian and UK systems and reviews the early evidence concerning the effectiveness of the Australian arrangements. The paper notes that there are significant differences between the design of the schemes and argues that the UK system may only have a very limited impact on the poverty experienced by lone parents and their children.
Publisher: OECD
Date: 07-02-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-03-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S12889-022-12897-4
Abstract: Engagement in work is an important determinant of health. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, public health measures imposed to reduce viral transmission resulted in large-scale loss of work during the early stages of the pandemic, contributing to declined mental and physical health. As the pandemic unfolded, the Australian economy began to recover and some people could return to work, whilst localised lockdowns resulted in further loss of work for others. The long-term health effects of work loss remain unexplored within the COVID-19 pandemic context, in addition to whether any health effects are persistent upon returning to work. A prospective longitudinal cohort study of 2603 participants across Australia monitored changes in health and work between March and December 2020, with participants completing surveys at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 months later. Outcomes described psychological distress, and mental and physical health. Linear mixed regression models examined associations between changes in health and experiences of work loss, and return to work, over time. Losing work during the early stages of the pandemic was associated with long-term poorer mental health, which began to recover over time as some returned to work. Physical health deteriorated over time, greater for people not working at baseline. Being out of work was associated with poorer mental health, but better physical health. These effects were larger for people that had recently lost work than for people with sustained work loss, and retaining employment played a protective role. Generally, returning to work resulted in poorer physical health and improvements in mental health, although this depended on the broader context of changes in work. Work cessation during the pandemic led to poor health outcomes and had long-lasting effects. Returning to work benefits mental health but may reduce physical activity in the short-term. We encourage the provision of accessible mental health supports and services immediately following loss of work, and for people with prolonged forms of work loss. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12620000857909 .
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 02-07-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.06.28.21259672
Abstract: To determine health impacts during, and following, an extended community lockdown and COVID-19 outbreak in the Australian state of Victoria, compared with the rest of Australia. A national cohort of 898 working-age Australians enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study, completing surveys before, during, and after a 112-day community lockdown in Victoria (8 July – 27 October 2020). Outcomes included psychological distress, mental and physical health, work, social interactions and finances. Regression models examined health changes during and following lockdown. The Victorian lockdown led to increased psychological distress. Health impacts coincided with greater social isolation and work loss. Following the extended lockdown, mental health, work and social interactions recovered to an extent whereby no significant long-lasting effects were identified in Victoria compared to the rest of Australia. The Victorian community lockdown had adverse health consequences, which reversed upon release from lockdown. Governments should weigh all potential health impacts of lockdown. Services and programs to reduce the negative impacts of lockdown may include increases in mental health care, encouraging safe social interactions and supports to maintain employment relationships.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-1988
Publisher: Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)
Date: 28-11-2012
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 05-05-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.02.21256492
Abstract: To determine the long-term effects of work loss on health during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether any effects are persistent upon returning to work. A prospective longitudinal cohort study of 2603 participants across Australia monitored changes in health and work during between March and December 2020, with participants completing surveys at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 months later. Outcomes described psychological distress, and mental and physical health. Linear mixed regression models examined associations between changes in health and experiences of work loss, and return to work, over time. Losing work during the early stages of the pandemic was associated with long-term poorer mental health, which began to recover over time as some returned to work. Physical health deteriorated over time, greater for people not working at baseline. Being out of work was associated with poorer mental health, but better physical health. These effects were larger for people that had recently lost work than for people with sustained work loss, and retaining employment played a protective role. Generally, returning to work resulted in poorer physical health and improvements in mental health, although this depended on the broader context of changes in work. Work cessation during the pandemic led to poor health outcomes and had long-lasting effects. Returning to work benefits mental health but may reduce physical activity in the short-term. We encourage the provision of accessible mental health supports and services immediately following loss of work, and for people with prolonged forms of work loss.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-02-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-11-2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-1992
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-1990
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-02-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-09-2021
DOI: 10.1002/AJS4.182
Abstract: In the past decade, libertarians, free‐market think tanks, and conservative media and politicians in English‐speaking countries (Romney, 2012 Ryan, 2010 Morrison, 2016) have increasingly argued that a growing share of the population is receiving more in benefits than they pay in taxes and is “voting for a living”. This presentation of a class conflict between “tax producers” and “tax consumers” is related to public choice theories (MacLean, 2017) and has also been argued in Sweden (Lindbeck, 1985 American Economic Review, 1997). Statistics on the share of the taxed and the “taxed‐not” are used to argue that tax systems are too progressive and that welfare states have become overgenerous and unsustainable. This article analyses the creation, interpretation and development of measures used to estimate the number of the taxed and the taxed‐nots. The article shows that the share of households who receive more in benefits than they pay in taxes is very similar across countries and is not related to the size of the welfare state, the distribution of benefits and taxes or the welfare state regimes commonly used to classify different countries. The article analyses the relationship between these concerns and political rhetoric justifying austerity policies.
Publisher: Vilnius University Press
Date: 06-10-2007
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-06-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-01-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2014
DOI: 10.1002/PAD.1689
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 09-09-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.06.20189514
Abstract: To determine if losing work during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with mental and physical health. To determine if social interactions and financial resources moderate the relationship between work loss and health. Baseline data from a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Australia, 27 th March to 12 th June 2020. Australians aged 18+ years, employed in a paid job prior to the COVID-19 pandemic who responded to an online or telephone survey. Kessler-6 score 18 indicating high psychological distress. Short Form 12 (SF-12) mental health or physical health component score = 45 indicating poor mental or physical health. 2,603 respondents including groups who had lost their job (N = 541), were not working but remained employed (N = 613), were working less (N = 789) and whose work was unaffected (N = 789). Three groups experiencing work loss had greater odds of high psychological distress (AOR = 2.22–3.66), poor mental (AOR = 1.78–2.27) and physical health (AOR = 2.10–2.12) than the unaffected work group. Poor mental health was more common than poor physical health. The odds of high psychological distress (AOR = 5.43–8.36), poor mental (AOR = 1.92–4.53) and physical health (AOR = 1.93–3.90) were increased in those reporting fewer social interactions or less financial resources. Losing work during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with mental and physical health problems, and this relationship is moderated by social interactions and financial resources. Responses that increase financial security and enhance social connections may partially alleviate the health impacts of work loss. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12620000857909.
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 12-2008
DOI: 10.2174/092986708786848569
Abstract: Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is a significant complication in the successful treatment of many cancers. Neurotoxicity may develop as a consequence of treatment with platinum analogues (cisplatin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin), taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel), vinca alkaloids (vincristine) and more recently, thalidomide and bortezomib. Typically, the clinical presentation reflects an axonal peripheral neuropathy with glove-and-stocking distribution sensory loss, combined with features suggestive of nerve hyperexcitability including paresthesia, dysesthesia, and pain. These symptoms may be disabling, adversely affecting activities of daily living and thereby quality of life. The incidence of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity appears critically related to cumulative dose and infusion duration, while in idual risk factors may also influence the development and severity of neurotoxicity. Differences in structural properties between chemotherapies further contribute to variations in clinical presentation. The mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity are erse and include damage to neuronal cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglion and axonal toxicity via transport deficits or energy failure. More recently, axonal membrane ion channel dysfunction has been identified, including studies in patients treated with oxaliplatin which have revealed alterations in axonal Na(+) channels, suggesting that prophylactic pharmacological therapies aimed at modulating ion channel activity may prove useful in reducing neurotoxicity. As such, improved understanding of the pathophysiology of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity will inevitably assist in the development of future neuroprotective strategies and in the design of novel chemotherapies with improved toxicity profiles.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-03-2021
Publisher: OECD
Date: 06-12-2007
Publisher: Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)
Date: 05-03-2007
DOI: 10.1787/233310267230
Location: France
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 2019
End Date: 2021
Funder: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2010
End Date: 2012
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2022
End Date: 2024
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2018
End Date: 2018
Funder: Department of Social Services, Australian Government
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2010
End Date: 2013
Funder: European Commission
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 07-2022
End Date: 06-2025
Amount: $498,673.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 09-2010
End Date: 12-2015
Amount: $280,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity