ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8793-4679
Current Organisations
M S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
,
Ramaiah International Centre for Public Health Innovations
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Publications
Redefining dental public health competencies in India. “Dr. Mohandas Bhat Oration”. The 25th IAPHD National Conference, November 20, 2021
Publisher: Medknow
Date: 2022
Feasibility of using partograph by practitioners of Indian system of medicine (AYUSH): An exploratory observation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.MIDW.2015.03.004
Abstract: to understand the use of the partograph by Skilled Birth Attendance/Basic Emergency Obstetric Care (SBA/BEmOC) trained practitioners from Indian systems of medicine called AYUSH practitioners (APs). mixed method observational study, including an exploration of the views of APs, programme managers and SBA trainers on the necessity, feasibility and barriers to the use of partograph. primary and community health centres in two purposively selected districts in each of the three states (Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Odisha) in India where SBA/BEmOC trained APs are deployed to provide SBA services. In-depth interviews with state, district and block level programme managers were held at their respective headquarters. 83 APs plotted the simplified partograph based on a given labour case scenario. In-depth interviews were conducted with 36 programme managers and 37 APs (24 Ayurvedic and 13 Homoeopathic). the completed simplified partograph was analysed according to a previously devised scoring system with a score of 70% or more indicating competency. APs in Rajasthan and Maharashtra demonstrated good partograph plotting skills (72.1% and 82% respectively) obtaining a competency score of more than 70%. However, overall performance of APs in Odisha was poor (11.1%) and except correct recording of fetal condition, the APs did not score well in the plotting of the other partograph components. Errors occurred mainly in the recording of cervical dilatation and uterine contractions. The in-depth interviews revealed that most APs demonstrated a good understanding of the tool in the context of decision making regarding timely referral in case of prolonged labour or fetal distress. There was a high perception of the need for more hands-on training in the SBA training curriculum. The programme managers also expressed the need for appropriate training and supervision to ensure good plotting of partograph. The barriers for partograph use included increased workload, insufficient training, unavailability of partograph forms and its non-utility for women coming late in labour. knowledge of plotting and correct interpretation of partograph were generally good in two states but more practice is needed to improve providers׳ skills. Identified barriers could be addressed with further training and local managerial support. An analysis of the causes for the poor performance of APs in Odisha should be carried out. Pre-service and periodic in-service training of APs on the completion of the partograph, regular supportive supervision, implementation of programme guidelines on mandatory completion of partograph and an environment that supports its correct and consistent use are recommended. with appropriate training, it is feasible for AYUSH practitioners to use partograph for monitoring progress of labour.
Study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial for 16 weeks to assess the effect of almond consumption on glycemic control and gut health in prediabetes adults in rural settings of India
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 22-06-2023
DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.21.23291579
Abstract: Almonds have prebiotic potential to maintain gut health and regulate glycemia. Western studies have shown their positive effects in preventing non-communicable diseases like diabetes and CVDs. However, there is a lack of well-designed studies involving Asian Indians, who have a higher predisposition to diabetes due to their unique ‘Asian phenotype’. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the impact of almond supplementation on glycemic control and gut health in prediabetic adults in rural India through a randomized clinical trial. A parallel cluster randomized controlled trial with 178 prediabetic participants aged 20-50, both genders, with a BMI of 18.9-25 kg/m2, will be conducted in rural areas of Chikkaballapur, Kolar, and rural Bangalore districts in India. The intervention group will receive 56g of almonds as mid-morning snacks for 16 weeks, while the control group will receive cereal pulse based traditional isocaloric snacks under the closed supervision of the study investigators. Anthropometry, clinical, and biochemical parameters will be measured at 0, 8th, and 16th weeks, and a subgroup of 120 participants will undergo gut health analysis. GLP 1 analysis will be conducted on 30 participants at 0 and 16th week. Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS for Windows V 27.0, and both ITT and per-protocol analyses will be conducted. Ethics approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee at Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India (DRPEFP7672021). Results from this trial will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals, national and international presentations. The trial is registered in the clinical trial registry of India (CTRI/2023/03/050421). Strengths and Limitations: - The study is the first field-based trial in rural settings to assess the effect of almond consumption versus traditional cereal pulse-based snacks on prediabetes adults’ glycemic control and gut health. - The compliance management is crucially designed by performing an intervention on one-to-one closed supervision, assessment of serum tocopherol levels, and regular follow up of any adverse events. - The upcoming metagenomic analysis and the gut metabolites like short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and GLP 1 will significantly advance our understanding of the impact of almonds on the gut health of prediabetes adults. - A potential limitation of the study is that it will not be feasible to follow the participants after the post intervention period.
Experience of a ‘Screen and treat’ program for secondary prevention of cervical cancer in Uttar Pradesh, India
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-12-2019
DOI: 10.1111/JOG.14162
Abstract: Considering the burden of cervical cancer in India, innovative approaches are needed to improve coverage of cervical cancer screening. From May 2014 to January 2017, we implemented a project in 10 cities in Uttar Pradesh, India using World Health Organization-recommended 'screen and treat' approach for cervical cancer prevention. We involved private practitioners (obstetricians and gynecologists and general practitioners) in these cities to provide affordable cervical cancer screening to women mobilized by our community health workers. A pilot phase was implemented in three cities during May 2014 and December 2015 and the project was scaled-up to additional seven cities between January 2016 and January 2017. A total of 100 836 women aged between 30 and 60 years were screened with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) of which 5477 (5.4%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.29, 5.57) were VIA positive. Treatment with cryotherapy was given to 3735 (68.2%, 95% CI 66.96, 69.43) women. In the three cities that piloted the program, VIA positivity rates significantly declined from 6.6% (95% CI 6.31, 6.84) to 4.0% (95% CI 3.82, 4.24) during the scale-up phase (P < 0.0001) and the rates of cryotherapy significantly increased from 66.8% (95% CI 64.78, 68.77) to 76.7% (95% CI 74.42, 78.96) (P < 0.0001). We observed a significant decline in the VIA positivity rates during the scale-up phase in the three cities that participated in the pilot phase. We have reported successful engagement of private practitioners to provide affordable cervical cancer screening and it is possible to replicate it in other states in India as well.
Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle habits and self-care practices of diabetic and hypertensive patients in rural Shimla and Udaipur – Findings from the HealthRise India program
Publisher: Medknow
Date: 2022
Integrating a community-based approach to non-communicable diseases care: a pilot programme in Bangladesh
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
COVID-19 associated with diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases led to a global health crisis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Depression, anxiety, and stress and socio-demographic correlates among general Indian public during COVID-19.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 20-06-2020
Abstract: The severe outbreak of COVID-19 has affected the mental health of Indians. The objective of this article was to find the prevalence rates of depression, anxiety and stress and their socio-demographic correlates among Indian population during the lockdown to contain the spread of COVID-19. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an electronic questionnaire. A total of 354 participants were recruited through convenience s ling. Depression, anxiety and stress were measured using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), a 21-item self-reported questionnaire. In total, 25%, 28% and 11.6% of the participants were moderate to extremely severely depressed, anxious and stressed, respectively. Binary logistic regressions indicated employment status (odds ratio (OR) = 1.91 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.072–3.418) and binge drinking (OR = 2.03 95% CI: 1.045–3.945) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms gender (OR = 2.17 95% CI: 1.317–3.589), employment status (OR = 1.77 95% CI: 1.002–3.141) and binge drinking (OR = 2.62 95% CI: 1.361–5.048) were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms and binge drinking (OR = 3.42 95% CI: 1.544–7.583) was significantly associated with stress symptoms. Depression, anxiety and stress among Indian population during the lockdown were prevalent. Along with other measures to contain the spread of COVID-19, mental health of citizens needs the urgent attention of the Indian government and mental health experts. Further large-scale studies should be conducted on different professions and communities such as health care professionals and migrant workers and incorporate other mental health indicators.
Co-morbidities among silicotics at Shakarpur: A follow up study
Publisher: Medknow
Date: 2012
Community-based interventions for detection and management of diabetes and hypertension in underserved communities: a mixed-methods evaluation in Brazil, India, South Africa and the USA
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-2020
DOI: 10.1136/BMJGH-2019-001959
Abstract: As non-communicable disease (NCD) burden rises worldwide, community-based programmes are a promising strategy to bridge gaps in NCD care. The HealthRise programme sought to improve hypertension and diabetes management for underserved communities in nine sites across Brazil, India, South Africa and the USA between 2016 and 2018. This study presents findings from the programme’s endline evaluation. The evaluation utilises a mixed-methods quasi-experimental design. Process indicators assess programme implementation quantitative data examine patients’ biometric measures and qualitative data characterise programme successes and challenges. Programme impact was assessed using the percentage of patients meeting blood pressure and A1c treatment targets and tracking changes in these measures over time. Almost 60 000 screenings, most of them in India, resulted in 1464 new hypertension and 295 new diabetes cases across sites. In Brazil, patients exhibited statistically significant reductions in blood pressure and A1c. In Shimla, India, and in South Africa, country with the shortest implementation period, there were no differences between patients served by facilities in HealthRise areas relative to comparison areas. Among participating patients with diabetes in Hennepin and Ramsey counties and hypertension patients in Hennepin County, the percentage of HealthRise patients meeting treatment targets at endline was significantly higher relative to comparison group patients. Qualitative analysis identified linking different providers, services, communities and information systems as positive HealthRise attributes. Gaps in health system capacities and sociodemographic factors, including poverty, low levels of health education and limited access to nutritious food, are remaining challenges. Findings from Brazil and the USA indicate that the HealthRise model has the potential to improve patient outcomes. Short implementation periods and strong emphasis on screening may have contributed to the lack of detectable differences in other sites. Community-based care cannot deliver its full potential if sociodemographic and health system barriers are not addressed in tandem.
Task-shifting challenges for provision of skilled birth attendance: a qualitative exploration
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-08-2015
Abstract: Shortage of skilled birth attendants (SBA) is one of the determinants of maternal mortality in India. To combat this shortage, innovative task-shifting strategies to engage providers of the Indian system of medicine (Ayurveda and Homeopathy), called AYUSH practitioners (AP), to provide SBA services is being implemented. Engagement of APs for SBA service provision was assessed in 3 states of India (Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Odisha) through 73 in-depth interviews (37 with APs and 36 with programme managers). The interviews explored the providers' SBA training experience, barriers for SBA service provision, workplace and community acceptance, and the perspective of programme managers on the competence and quality of SBA services provided. SBA training led to skill enhancement with adoption of appropriate maternal and newborn care practices. A dedicated trainer, more hands-on practice, and strengthening training on newborn care practices and management of complications emerged as the training needs. Conditional involvement in SBA-related work, a discriminatory attitude at the workplace and lack of legal/regulatory authorisation were identified as barriers to the inclusion of APs in SBA service provision. Quality skill enhancement measures, an enabling work environment, a systematic task-shifting process, role definition, supportive supervision and credentialing could be key for the integration of APs and their acceptance in the health system.
Silicosis among agate workers at Shakarpur: An analysis of clinic-based data
Publisher: Medknow
Date: 2010
Related Organisations
Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Braun School Of Public Health And Community Medicine
Location: Israel
Mashwara, Drug De-Addiction Centre And HIV Counseling Centre
Location: India
Project Management For Development, Atlanta
Location: United States of America
Ramaiah International Centre For Public Health Innovations
Location: India
Related Funding Activities
No related grants have been discovered for Nayanjeet Chaudhury.