ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0175-443X
Current Organisation
University of Southampton
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Publisher: Royal College of General Practitioners
Date: 26-08-2022
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 25-08-2020
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 05-01-2021
Abstract: Given the effect of chronic diseases on risk of severe COVID-19 infection, the present pandemic may have a particularly profound impact on socially disadvantaged counties. Counties in the USA were categorised into five groups by level of social vulnerability, using the Social Vulnerability Index (a widely used measure of social disadvantage) developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The incidence and mortality from COVID-19, and the prevalence of major chronic conditions were calculated relative to the least vulnerable quintile using Poisson regression models. Among 3141 counties, there were 5 010 496 cases and 161 058 deaths from COVID-19 by 10 August 2020. Relative to the least vulnerable quintile, counties in the most vulnerable quintile had twice the rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths (rate ratios 2.11 (95% CI 1.97 to 2.26) and 2.42 (95% CI 2.22 to 2.64), respectively). Similarly, the prevalence of major chronic conditions was 24%–41% higher in the most vulnerable counties. Geographical clustering of counties with high COVID-19 mortality, high chronic disease prevalence and high social vulnerability was found, especially in southern USA. Some counties are experiencing a confluence of epidemics from COVID-19 and chronic diseases in the context of social disadvantage. Such counties are likely to require enhanced public health and social support.
Publisher: Royal College of General Practitioners
Date: 21-12-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-01-2023
DOI: 10.1111/DME.15033
Abstract: In the UK people with diabetes who do not attend annual review appointments often have higher haemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ) levels. We aim to determine the acceptability of self‐collected posted capillary blood s les, and if they produce accurate and reliable HbA 1c results. We include adult studies comparing capillary blood to venous blood for measuring HbA 1c . We exclude methods not suitable for postage. Electronic databases of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Google Scholar and OpenGrey were searched from inception to September 2021, as well as relevant conference abstracts. Two reviewers performed study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment independently. Narrative synthesis was performed. Our search retrieved 3747 records. Following de‐duplication and screening 30 articles were included. The mean difference (MD) and limits of agreement (LoA) between capillary and venous HbA 1c were smaller and narrower respectively when micro/capillary tubes (micro/cap) were used for capillary blood storage compared to dried blood spots (capDBS) (micro/cap MD range −0.4 to 1.4 mmol/mol vs. capDBS MD range −4.3 to 7.2 mmol/mol, micro/cap LoA width 2.4 to 6 mmol/mol vs. capDBS LoA width 11.7 to 16.8 mmol/mol). After using self‐collection kits, 83%–96% of participants reported satisfaction, 87%–99% found it easy and 69%–94% reported they would use it again. Microtubes/capillary tubes look promising as a method of self‐collecting and posting capillary blood s les for the measurement of HbA 1c based on the accuracy and reliability findings presented. DBS s les demonstrated comparatively poorer accuracy. Data on acceptability were limited and further research is needed.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Hajira Dambha-Miller.