ORCID Profile
0000-0001-5815-043X
Current Organisations
Nanyang Technological University
,
Singapore university of technology and design
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Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 09-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2003
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 11-08-2004
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-12-2019
Abstract: Ambient air pollution is a risk factor for both acute and chronic diseases and poses serious health threats to the world population. We aim to study the relationship between air pollution and all-cause mortality in the context of a city-state exposed to the Southeast Asian haze problem. The primary exposure was ambient air pollution, as measured by the Pollutants Standards Index (PSI). The outcome of interest was all-cause mortality from 2010–2015. A time-stratified case-crossover design was performed. A conditional Poisson regression model, including environmental variables such as PSI, temperature, wind speed, and rainfall, was fitted to the daily count of deaths to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of mortality per unit increase in PSI, accounting for overdispersion and autocorrelation. To account for intermediate exposure effects (maximum lag of 10 days), a distributed lag non-linear model was used. There were 105,504 deaths during the study period. Increment in PSI was significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality. The adjusted IRR of mortality per the 10-unit increase in PSI was 1.01 (95%CI = 1.00–1.01). The lag effect was stronger when PSI was in the unhealthy range compared to the good and moderate ranges. At lag = 7 days, PSI appeared to have an adverse effect on mortality, although the effect was not significant. These findings provide evidence on the general health hazard of exposure to air pollution and can potentially guide public health policies in the region.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-2019
DOI: 10.1063/1.5099661
Abstract: We carry out a theoretical study of vibration-induced saturation of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability for an isolated liquid drop on the surface of a less dense finite-thickness carrier film. Without vibration, a heavy drop falls through the carrier film by forming a stretching liquid column until the bottom tip of the column reaches the solid substrate and the carrier film ruptures. We show that an externally applied vertical vibration prevents the rupture of the film and enables stable flotation of the drop. A hydrodynamic model is used to study the effect of inertia on the long-time dynamics of the drop. It is shown that rupture can only be prevented when the Reynolds number is nonzero.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 19-07-2021
DOI: 10.1017/JFM.2021.546
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 07-1972
DOI: 10.1063/1.1935487
Abstract: We consider two layers of immiscible liquids confined between an upper and a lower rigid plate. The dynamics of the free liquid–liquid interface is described for arbitrary litudes by an evolution equation derived from the basic hydrodynamic equations using long-wave approximation. After giving the evolution equation in a general way, we focus on interface instabilities driven by gravity, thermocapillary and electrostatic fields. First, we study the linear stability discussing especially the conditions for destabilizing the system by heating from above or below. Second, we use a variational formulation of the evolution equation based on an energy functional to predict metastable states and the long-time pattern morphology (holes, drops or maze structures). Finally, fully nonlinear three-dimensional numerical integrations are performed to study the short- and long-time evolution of the evolving patterns. Different coarsening modes are discussed and long-time scaling exponents are extracted.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 05-2006
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-06-2005
DOI: 10.1063/1.1927512
Abstract: We consider a thin film consisting of two layers of immiscible liquids on a solid horizontal (heated) substrate. Both the free liquid–liquid and the liquid–gas interface of such a bilayer liquid film may be unstable due to effective molecular interactions relevant for ultrathin layers below 100-nm thickness, or due to temperature-gradient-caused Marangoni flows in the heated case. Using a long-wave approximation, we derive coupled evolution equations for the interface profiles for the general nonisothermal situation allowing for slip at the substrate. Linear and nonlinear analyses of the short- and long-time film evolution are performed for isothermal ultrathin layers, taking into account destabilizing long-range and stabilizing short-range molecular interactions. It is shown that the initial instability can be of a varicose, zigzag, or mixed type. However, in the nonlinear stage of the evolution the mode type, and therefore the pattern morphology, can change via switching between two different branches of stationary solutions or via coarsening along a single branch.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2004
No related grants have been discovered for Xinxing Zhao.