ORCID Profile
0000-0001-5189-0929
Current Organisations
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
,
University of Sydney
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Publisher: OSA
Date: 2019
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2021
Abstract: We present an arbitrary 8×8 beam pattern projection system based on a programmable grating coupler array with a Fourier lens. The static power consumption and the reconfiguration time are below 1µW and 10µs, respectively.
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 19-06-2020
DOI: 10.1364/OL.393679
Abstract: We demonstrate the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of near-field binary phase transmission diffractive optical elements (DOEs) in single crystal diamond. Top-hat and arbitrary pattern DOE beam shapers were numerically optimized using an iterative Fourier transform algorithm (IFTA). Commercially available single crystal diamond plates ( 3 m m × 3 m m × 0.3 m m ) were patterned using hardmask deposition ( α -Si), e-beam lithography, and O 2 plasma-based diamond reactive ion etching. The resulting binary phase relief patterns were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Experimental characterization of the single crystal diamond DOEs in transmission at λ = 532 n m confirms excellent uniformity of the resulting top-hat beam profile as required in copper welding applications.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 21-11-2019
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2021
Abstract: Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) is demonstrated on a standard active silicon photonics platform, the forward SBS gain and opto-mechanical coupling rates are calculated for two different rib waveguide geometries.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 08-03-2021
DOI: 10.1117/12.2582947
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1364/CLEO_SI.2021.STU2Q.1
Abstract: MEMS enable low power tuners in silicon photonics, but existing phase shifters lack in range, speed, and loss. We implement a 2 π phase shifter with a 1.54 μs time constant and 0.5 dB insertion loss in IMEC’s iSiPP50G platform.
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 14-01-2022
DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.441215
Abstract: The emerging fields of silicon (Si) photonic micro–electromechanical systems (MEMS) and optomechanics enable a wide range of novel high-performance photonic devices with ultra-low power consumption, such as integrated optical MEMS phase shifters, tunable couplers, switches, and optomechanical resonators. In contrast to conventional SiO 2 -clad Si photonics, photonic MEMS and optomechanics have suspended and movable parts that need to be protected from environmental influence and contamination during operation. Wafer-level hermetic sealing can be a cost-efficient solution, but Si photonic MEMS that are hermetically sealed inside cavities with optical and electrical feedthroughs have not been demonstrated to date, to our knowledge. Here, we demonstrate wafer-level vacuum sealing of Si photonic MEMS inside cavities with ultra-thin caps featuring optical and electrical feedthroughs that connect the photonic MEMS on the inside to optical grating couplers and electrical bond pads on the outside. We used Si photonic MEMS devices built on foundry wafers from the iSiPP50G Si photonics platform of IMEC, Belgium. Vacuum confinement inside the sealed cavities was confirmed by an observed increase of the cutoff frequency of the electro-mechanical response of the encapsulated photonic MEMS phase shifters, due to reduction of air d ing. The sealing caps are extremely thin, have a small footprint, and are compatible with subsequent flip-chip bonding onto interposers or printed circuit boards. Thus, our approach for sealing of integrated Si photonic MEMS clears a significant hurdle for their application in high-performance Si photonic circuits.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1039/D3NR03429A
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-02-2018
DOI: 10.1117/12.2317507
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 10-11-2021
DOI: 10.1364/OL.436288
Abstract: Programmable photonic integrated circuits are emerging as an attractive platform for applications such as quantum information processing and artificial neural networks. However, current programmable circuits are limited in scalability by the lack of low-power and low-loss phase shifters in commercial foundries. Here, we demonstrate a compact phase shifter with low-power photonic microelectromechanical system (MEMS) actuation on a silicon photonics foundry platform (IMEC’s iSiPP50G). The device attains ( 2.9 π ± π ) phase shift at 1550 nm, with an insertion loss of ( 0.33 − 0.10 + 0.15 ) d B , a V π of ( 10.7 − 1.4 + 2.2 ) V , and an L π of ( 17.2 − 4.3 + 8.8 ) µ m . We also measured an actuation bandwidth f − 3 d B of 1.03 MHz in air. We believe that our demonstration of a low-loss and low-power photonic MEMS phase shifter implemented in silicon photonics foundry compatible technology lifts a main roadblock toward the scale-up of programmable photonic integrated circuits.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-01-2022
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 22-02-2022
Abstract: Diamond-based quantum sensing enables nanoscale measurements of biological systems with unprecedented sensitivity. Potential applications of this emerging technology range from the investigation of fundamental biological processes to the development of next-generation medical diagnostics devices. One of the main challenges faced by bioquantum sensing is the need to interface quantum sensors with biological target systems. Specifically, such an interface needs to maintain the highly fragile quantum states of our sensor and at the same time be able to fish intact biomolecules out of solution and immobilize them on our quantum sensor surface. Our work overcomes these challenges by combining tools from quantum engineering, single-molecule biophysics, and material processing.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 26-02-2020
DOI: 10.1117/12.2540934
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 12-07-2201
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-1824344/V1
Abstract: Monitoring neuronal activity with simultaneously high spatial and temporal resolution in living cell cultures is crucial to advance understanding of the development and functioning of our brain, and to gain further insights in the origin of brain disorders. While it has been demonstrated that the quantum sensing capabilities of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond allow real time detection of action potentials from large neurons in marine invertebrates, quantum monitoring of mammalian neurons (presenting much smaller dimensions and thus producing much lower signal and requiring higher spatial resolution) has hitherto remained elusive. In this context, diamond nanostructuring can offer the opportunity to boost the diamond platform sensitivity to the required level. However, a comprehensive analysis of the impact of a nanostructured diamond surface on the neuronal viability and growth was lacking. Here, we pattern a single crystal diamond surface with large-scale nanopillar arrays and we successfully demonstrate growth of a network of living and functional primary mouse hippoc al neurons on it. Our study on geometrical parameters reveals preferential growth along the nanopillar grid axes with excellent physical contact between cell membrane and nanopillar apex. Our results suggest that neuron growth can be tailored on diamond nanopillars to realize a nanophotonic quantum sensing platform for wide-field and label-free neuronal activity recording with sub-cellular resolution.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-01-2022
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-03-2021
DOI: 10.1117/12.2582975
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-03-2021
DOI: 10.1117/12.2583149
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 18-05-2022
DOI: 10.1364/OME.457589
Abstract: Low-power and compact phase shifters are crucial for large photonic circuits, both to cope with variability and to create programmable waveguide circuits scaling to thousands of tuning elements. This work demonstrates a liquid crystal phase shifter where there is a lateral silicon electrode "rail" on one side of the waveguide core. Using this architecture, a strong quasi-static electric field E actuation can be applied over the gap, which is filled with liquid crystal cladding material, with modest voltages. Because the mode is largely confined in the waveguide, optical losses are limited, compared to earlier experiments with slot waveguides. The liquid crystal is deposited locally on three different device variations using inkjet printing. The local deposition avoids unwanted interference of the liquid crystal with other optical components such as grating couplers. Measurements show similar trends as simulations of the liquid crystal orientations. For one device with a length of 50 µm , a phase shift of almost 0.9 π is shown at 10 V RMS . We also discuss the challenges with this first demonstration of this phase shifter geometry using a silicon side-rail as an electrode.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2007
Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Date: 24-03-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 20-06-2021
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1364/IPRSN.2021.IM2A.1
Abstract: We present a silicon photonics technology extended with low-power MEMS scalable to large circuits. This enables us to make photonic waveguide meshes that can be reconfigured using electronics and software.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 2022
Abstract: Integrated photonics will play a key role in quantum systems as they grow from few-qubit prototypes to tens of thousands of qubits. The underlying optical quantum technologies can only be realized through the integration of these components onto quantum photonic integrated circuits (QPICs) with accompanying electronics. In the last decade, remarkable advances in quantum photonic integration have enabled table-top experiments to be scaled down to prototype chips with improvements in efficiency, robustness, and key performance metrics. These advances have enabled integrated quantum photonic technologies combining up to 650 optical and electrical components onto a single chip that are capable of programmable quantum information processing, chip-to-chip networking, hybrid quantum system integration, and high-speed communications. In this roadmap article, we highlight the status, current and future challenges, and emerging technologies in several key research areas in integrated quantum photonics, including photonic platforms, quantum and classical light sources, quantum frequency conversion, integrated detectors, and applications in computing, communications, and sensing. With advances in materials, photonic design architectures, fabrication and integration processes, packaging, and testing and benchmarking, in the next decade we can expect a transition from single- and few-function prototypes to large-scale integration of multi-functional and reconfigurable devices that will have a transformative impact on quantum information science and engineering.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 03-12-2020
Abstract: Diamond is an exceptional material that has recently seen a remarkable increase in interest in academic research and engineering since high-quality substrates became commercially available and affordable. Exploiting the high refractive index, hardness, laser-induced damage threshold, thermal conductivity and chemical resistance, an abundance of applications incorporating ever higher-performance diamond devices has seen steady growth. Among these, diffractive optical elements stand out—with progress in fabrication technologies, micro- and nanofabrication techniques have enabled the creation of gratings and diffractive optical elements with outstanding properties. Research activities in this field have further been spurred by the unique property of diamond to be able to host optically active atom scale defects in the crystal lattice. Such color centers allow generation and manipulation of in idual photons, which has contributed to accelerated developments in engineering of novel quantum applications in diamond, with diffractive optical elements amidst critical components for larger-scale systems. This review collects recent ex les of diffractive optical devices in diamond, and highlights the advances in manufacturing of such devices using micro- and nanofabrication techniques, in contrast to more traditional methods, and avenues to explore diamond diffractive optical elements for emerging and future applications are put in perspective.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-01-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 25-01-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2017
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 20-02-2018
DOI: 10.1117/12.2290557
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 07-10-2019
DOI: 10.1364/OE.27.030371
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 04-03-2019
DOI: 10.1117/12.2507192
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 20-06-2019
DOI: 10.1364/OE.27.018959
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-03-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41378-023-00498-Z
Abstract: Silicon photonics has emerged as a mature technology that is expected to play a key role in critical emerging applications, including very high data rate optical communications, distance sensing for autonomous vehicles, photonic-accelerated computing, and quantum information processing. The success of silicon photonics has been enabled by the unique combination of performance, high yield, and high-volume capacity that can only be achieved by standardizing manufacturing technology. Today, standardized silicon photonics technology platforms implemented by foundries provide access to optimized library components, including low-loss optical routing, fast modulation, continuous tuning, high-speed germanium photodiodes, and high-efficiency optical and electrical interfaces. However, silicon’s relatively weak electro-optic effects result in modulators with a significant footprint and thermo-optic tuning devices that require high power consumption, which are substantial impediments for very large-scale integration in silicon photonics. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology can enhance silicon photonics with building blocks that are compact, low-loss, broadband, fast and require very low power consumption. Here, we introduce a silicon photonic MEMS platform consisting of high-performance nano-opto-electromechanical devices fully integrated alongside standard silicon photonics foundry components, with wafer-level sealing for long-term reliability, flip-chip bonding to redistribution interposers, and fibre-array attachment for high port count optical and electrical interfacing. Our experimental demonstration of fundamental silicon photonic MEMS circuit elements, including power couplers, phase shifters and wavelength- ision multiplexing devices using standardized technology lifts previous impediments to enable scaling to very large photonic integrated circuits for applications in telecommunications, neuromorphic computing, sensing, programmable photonics, and quantum computing.
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1364/CLEO_SI.2021.STH1Q.6
Abstract: We report on a 16-core recirculating programmable photonic array based on MEMS-tunable directional couplers. The photonic array has a compact footprint (0.04mm 2 /cell) and negligible static power consumption. Waveguide-coupled single-ring resonators, CROWs, and add-drop filters are demonstrated.
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1364/CLEO_SI.2021.STH1Q.5
Abstract: We report on fully reconfigurable CROWs with MEMS-tunable waveguides. Resonator-to-resonator and resonator-to-waveguide coupling are fully tunable. Resonance of a resonator is also widely tunable to cover its full FSR. The static power consumption per tunable coupler is below 10nW.
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1364/CLEO_SI.2021.STH1Q.4
Abstract: Photonic integrated circuits are becoming increasingly more complex, especially with the emergence of programmable photonic circuits. These require many tunable photonic elements, such as electro-optic phase shifters and tunable couplers. We will discuss our progress in compact, low-power silicon photonics actuators based on heaters, liquid crystal and MEMS that can be scaled up to large circuits.
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 08-02-2023
DOI: 10.1364/OE.480219
Abstract: Ring resonators are a vital element for filters, optical delay lines, or sensors in silicon photonics. However, reconfigurable ring resonators with low-power consumption are not available in foundries today. We demonstrate an add-drop ring resonator with the independent tuning of round-trip phase and coupling using low-power microelectromechanical (MEMS) actuation. At a wavelength of 1540 nm and for a maximum voltage of 40 V, the phase shifters provide a resonance wavelength tuning of 0.15 nm, while the tunable couplers can tune the optical resonance extinction ratio at the through port from 0 to 30 dB. The optical resonance displays a passive quality factor of 29 000, which can be increased to almost 50 000 with actuation. The MEMS rings are in idually vacuum-sealed on wafer scale, enabling reliable and long-term protection from the environment. We cycled the mechanical actuators for more than 4 × 10 9 cycles at 100 kHz, and did not observe degradation in their response curves. On mechanical resonance, we demonstrate a modulation increase of up to 15 dB, with a voltage bias of 4 V and a peak drive litude as low as 20 mV.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 25-01-2021
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2018
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1364/CLEO_SI.2020.SM3J.2
Abstract: MEMS offer low power tunability to silicon photonics. However, reported phase shifters lack in range, IL, or linearity. We show n linear phase shift in compact, 0.2 dB-IL MEMS devices, and demonstrate trade-offs for scalability.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-06-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41378-018-0014-5
Abstract: The outstanding material properties of single crystal diamond have been at the origin of the long-standing interest in its exploitation for engineering of high-performance micro- and nanosystems. In particular, the extreme mechanical hardness, the highest elastic modulus of any bulk material, low density, and the promise for low friction have spurred interest most notably for micro-mechanical and MEMS applications. While reactive ion etching of diamond has been reported previously, precision structuring of freestanding micro-mechanical components in single crystal diamond by deep reactive ion etching has hitherto remained elusive, related to limitations in the etch processes, such as the need of thick hard masks, micromasking effects, and limited etch rates. In this work, we report on an optimized reactive ion etching process of single crystal diamond overcoming several of these shortcomings at the same time, and present a robust and reliable method to produce fully released micro-mechanical components in single crystal diamond. Using an optimized Al/SiO 2 hard mask and a high-intensity oxygen plasma etch process, we obtain etch rates exceeding 30 µm/h and hard mask selectivity better than 1:50. We demonstrate fully freestanding micro-mechanical components for mechanical watches made of pure single crystal diamond. The components with a thickness of 150 µm are defined by lithography and deep reactive ion etching, and exhibit sidewall angles of 82°–93° with surface roughness better than 200 nm rms, demonstrating the potential of this powerful technique for precision microstructuring of single crystal diamond.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1364/CLEO_SI.2022.SF4M.5
Abstract: Applications of silicon photonics range from sensing to microwave processing. However, low-power active filters with long FSRs are lacking. We demonstrate an add-drop ring filter with 4 nm FSR and nW-level MEMS tuning of phase and coupling.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-05-2018
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 26-05-2020
DOI: 10.1364/OL.394470
Abstract: Directional couplers are extensively used in photonic integrated circuits as basic components for efficient on-chip photonic signal routing. Conventionally, directional couplers are fully encapsulated in the technology’s waveguide cladding material. In this Letter, we demonstrate a compact broadband directional coupler, fully suspended in air and exhibiting efficient power coupling in the cross state. The coupler is designed and built based on IMEC’s iSiPP50G standard platform, and hydrofluoric (HF) vapor-etching-based post-processing allows to release the freestanding component. A low insertion loss of 0.5 dB at λ = 1560 n m and a 1 dB bandwidth of 35 nm at λ = 1550 n m have been confirmed experimentally. With a small footprint of 20 µ m × 30 µ m and high mechanical stability, this directional coupler can serve as a basic building block for large-scale silicon photonic microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) circuits.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-05-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 26-09-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 26-05-2022
DOI: 10.1117/12.2631231
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1063/1.5051316
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-02-2018
DOI: 10.1117/12.2290177
Location: Switzerland
No related grants have been discovered for Niels Quack.