ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2420-0344
Current Organisation
Erasmus University Rotterdam
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCF.2019.08.005
Abstract: Recent standards of care mention chest radiography (CR) but not chest computed tomography (CT) in routine annual follow-up of children with cystic fibrosis (CF). To minimise radiation risk, CT or CR should only be performed if they impact clinical decision making. We investigated whether in addition to a wide range of commonly used clinical parameters, chest CT and/or CR in routine follow-up of CF patients influence clinical decisions. 36 web based clinical vignettes (i.e. case simulations) were designed using clinical data from patients aged 8-18 years, randomly selected from two CF centres in The Netherlands. In a randomized cross-over design, clinicians assessed eight vignettes and suggested therapeutic/diagnostic management on two occasions, with a ten-week interval. Radiological information (CT or CR) was included at only one of the two assessments, in random order. Any differences in management could be attributed to information from CT or CR, and were compared by McNemar analysis. 44 European and Australian clinicians completed a total of 143 CT vignette pairs and 167 CR vignette pairs. CT was associated with a significant increase in antifungal treatment (Risk Ratio (RR) 2.8 (1.3-6.0, p = .02)), bronchoscopies (RR 1.6 (1.1-2.5, p = .04)), mycobacterial cultures (RR 1.3 (1.0-1.5, p = .02)), and 'need for hospitalization' (i.e. intravenous antibiotics and/or bronchoscopy) (RR 1.4 (1.0-1.9, p = .03)). CR led to a significant increase in inhaled antibiotics only (RR 1.3 (1.0-1.6, p = .04)). CT but not CR, at routine biennial follow-up was associated with several changes in treatment and/or diagnostic testing, including the need for hospitalization.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-06-2022
DOI: 10.1002/CCD.30300
Abstract: We examined the appropriateness of prehospital cardiac catheter laboratory activation (CCL‐A) in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) utilizing the University of Glasgow algorithm (UGA) and remote interventional cardiologist consultation. The incremental benefit of prehospital electrocardiogram (PH‐ECG) transmission on the diagnostic accuracy and appropriateness of CCL‐A has been examined in a small number of studies with conflicting results. We identified consecutive PH‐ECG transmissions between June 2, 2010 and October 6, 2016. Blinded adjudication of ECGs, appropriateness of CCL‐A, and index diagnoses were performed using the fourth universal definition of MI. The primary outcome was the appropriate CCL‐A rate. Secondary outcomes included rates of false‐positive CCL‐A, inappropriate CCL‐A, and inappropriate CCL nonactivation. Among 1088 PH‐ECG transmissions, there were 565 (52%) CCL‐As and 523 (48%) CCL nonactivations. The appropriate CCL‐A rate was 97% (550 of 565 CCL‐As), of which 4.9% ( n = 27) were false‐positive. The inappropriate CCL‐A rate was 2.7% (15 of 565 CCL‐As) and the inappropriate CCL nonactivation rate was 3.6% (19 of 523 CCL nonactivations). Reasons for appropriate CCL nonactivation ( n = 504) included nondiagnostic ST‐segment elevation ( n = 128, 25%), bundle branch block ( n = 132, 26%), repolarization abnormality ( n = 61, 12%), artefact ( n = 72, 14%), no ischemic symptoms ( n = 32, 6.3%), severe comorbidities ( n = 26, 5.2%), transient ST‐segment elevation ( n = 20, 4.0%), and others. PH‐ECG interpretation utilizing UGA with interventional cardiologist consultation accurately identified STEMI with low rates of inappropriate and false‐positive CCL‐As, whereas using UGA alone would have almost doubled CCL‐As. The benefits of cardiologist consultation were identifying “masquerading” STEMI and avoiding unnecessary CCL‐As.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 05-07-2022
Abstract: Patients with suspected ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and cardiac catheterization laboratory nonactivation (CCL‐NA) or cancellation have reportedly similar crude and higher adjusted risks of death compared with those with CCL activation, though reasons for these poor outcomes are not clear. We determined late clinical outcomes among patients with prehospital ECG STEMI criteria who had CCL‐NA compared with those who had CCL activation. We identified consecutive prehospital ECG transmissions between June 2, 2010 to October 6, 2016. Diagnoses according to the Fourth Universal Definition of myocardial infarction (MI), particularly rates of myocardial injury, were adjudicated. The primary outcome was all‐cause death. Secondary outcomes included cardiovascular death/MI/stroke and noncardiovascular death. To explore competing risks, cause‐specific hazard ratios (HRs) were obtained. Among 1033 included ECG transmissions, there were 569 (55%) CCL activations and 464 (45%) CCL‐NAs (1.8% were inappropriate CCL‐NAs). In the CCL activation group, adjudicated index diagnoses included MI (n=534, 94%, of which 99.6% were STEMI and 0.4% non‐STEMI), acute myocardial injury (n=15, 2.6%), and chronic myocardial injury (n=6, 1.1%). In the CCL‐NA group, diagnoses included MI (n=173, 37%, of which 61% were non‐STEMI and 39% STEMI), chronic myocardial injury (n=107, 23%), and acute myocardial injury (n=47, 10%). At 2 years, the risk of all‐cause death was higher in patients who had CCL‐NA compared with CCL activation (23% versus 7.9%, adjusted risk ratio, 1.58, 95% CI, 1.24–2.00), primarily because of an excess in noncardiovascular deaths (adjusted HR, 3.56, 95% CI, 2.07–6.13). There was no significant difference in the adjusted risk for cardiovascular death/MI/stroke between the 2 groups (HR, 1.23, 95% CI, 0.87–1.73). CCL‐NA was not primarily attributable to missed STEMI, but attributable to “masquerading” with high rates of non‐STEMI and myocardial injury. These patients had worse late outcomes than patients who had CCL activation, mainly because of higher rates of noncardiovascular deaths.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJCARD.2011.08.048
Abstract: Current guidelines propose mitral valve repair in asymptomatic chronic mitral regurgitation (MR) when the likelihood of repair is 90% or more. As this figure is not evidence-based, we sought whether the results of a decision-analytic model could facilitate the selection between early surgery (ES) and watchful waiting (WW) based on current guidelines. A Markov model was developed to reflect the anticipated health states in MR (pre-operative, post-operative, post-complication and death). Risks and transitions were informed by the literature. Implications of the strategies for survival, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), cost and cost-effectiveness were calculated from a US healthcare provider perspective. In the reference case (90% repair), QALY with ES was superior to WW (11.2 [0.4-21.3] vs 10.7 [95%CI: 1.0-21.3]) at an incremental cost-effectiveness of $54,659 ($45,030-$64,288) per QALY. Sensitivity analyses of health benefit showed the main variables influencing outcome were repair rate, operative mortality and risks of heart failure and death with medical management. At the registry repair rate (50%), outcomes of ES were worse than WW, and threshold analysis showed that a repair rate of 84% was required for ES to be superior. High medical risk (yearly heart failure risk 5.6 ± 6.6% and mortality 2.5 ± 4%) was the most favorable scenario for surgery ES was more effective when mortality in the WW group was >3.5%/year. A Markov model might be used to guide the selection of asymptomatic patients for mitral repair, based on local variations in risk and complications as well as repair rate.
No related grants have been discovered for Callum Cherrett.