ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4435-472X
Current Organisation
Telethon Kids Institute
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Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-08-2021
DOI: 10.3390/IJMS22179129
Abstract: Background: Rural/remote blood collection can cause delays in processing, reducing PBMC number, viability, cell composition and function. To mitigate these impacts, blood was stored at 4 °C prior to processing. Viable cell number, viability, immune phenotype, and Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release were measured. Furthermore, the lowest protective volume of cryopreservation media and cell concentration was investigated. Methods: Blood from 10 in iduals was stored for up to 10 days. Flow cytometry and IFN-γ ELISPOT were used to measure immune phenotype and function on thawed PBMC. Additionally, PBMC were cryopreserved in volumes ranging from 500 µL to 25 µL and concentration from 10 × 106 cells/mL to 1.67 × 106 cells/mL. Results: PBMC viability and viable cell number significantly reduced over time compared with s les processed immediately, except when stored for 24 h at RT. Monocytes and NK cells significantly reduced over time regardless of storage temperature. S les with h of RT storage had an increased proportion in Low-Density Neutrophils and T cells compared with s les stored at 4 °C. IFN-γ release was reduced after 24 h of storage, however not in s les stored at 4 °C for h. The lowest protective volume identified was 150 µL with the lowest density of 6.67 × 106 cells/mL. Conclusion: A s le delay of 24 h at RT does not impact the viability and total viable cell numbers. When long-term delays exist ( d) total viable cell number and cell viability losses are reduced in s les stored at 4 °C. Immune phenotype and function are slightly altered after 24 h of storage, further impacts of storage are reduced in s les stored at 4 °C.
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Date: 19-08-2021
Abstract: Dietary fat and protein impact postprandial hyperglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Glucoregulatory hormones are also known to modulate gastric emptying and may contribute to this effect. Investigate the effects of fat and protein on glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), glucagon-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon secretion. 2 crossover euglycemic insulin cl clinical trials at 2 Australian pediatric diabetes centers. Participants were 12-21 years (n = 21) with type 1 diabetes for ≥1 year. Participants consumed a low-protein (LP) or high-protein (HP) meal in Study 1, and low-protein/low-fat (LPLF) or high-protein/high-fat (HPHF) meal in Study 2, all containing 30 g of carbohydrate. An insulin cl was used to maintain postprandial euglycemia and plasma glucoregulatory hormones were measured every 30 minutes for 5 hours. Data from both cohorts (n = 11, 10) were analyzed separately. The main outcome measure was area under the curve of GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon. Meals low in fat and protein had minimal effect on GLP-1, while there was sustained elevation after HP (80.3 ± 16.8 pmol/L) vs LP (56.9 ± 18.6), P = .016, and HPHF (103.0 ± 26.9) vs LPLF (69.5 ± 31.9) meals, P = .002. The prompt rise in GIP after all meals was greater after HP (190.2 ± 35.7 pmol/L) vs LP (152.3 ± 23.3), P = .003, and HPHF (258.6 ± 31.0) vs LPLF (151.7 ± 29.4), P & .001. A rise in glucagon was also seen in response to protein, and HP (292.5 ± 88.1 pg/mL) vs LP (182.8 ± 48.5), P = .010. The impact of fat and protein on postprandial glucose excursions may be mediated by the differential secretion of glucoregulatory hormones. Further studies to better understand these mechanisms may lead to improved personalized postprandial glucose management.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-11-2021
DOI: 10.3390/NU13114154
Abstract: The optimal time to bolus insulin for meals is challenging for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Current guidelines to control glucose excursions do not account for in idual differences in glycaemic responses to meals. This study aimed to examine the within- and between-person variability in time to peak (TTP) glycaemic responses after consuming meals under controlled and free-living conditions. Participants aged 8–15 years with T1D ≥ 1 year and using a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) were recruited. Participants consumed a standardised breakfast for six controlled days and maintained their usual daily routine for 14 free-living days. CGM traces were collected after eating. Linear mixed models were used to identify within- and between-person variability in the TTP after each of the controlled breakfasts, free-living breakfasts (FLB), and free-living dinners (FLD) conditions. Thirty participants completed the study (16 females mean age and standard deviation (SD) 10.5 (1.9)). The TTP variability was greater within a person than the variability between people for all three meal types (between-person vs. within-person SD controlled breakfast 18.5 vs. 38.9 min FLB 14.1 vs. 49.6 min FLD 5.7 vs. 64.5 min). For the first time, the study showed that within-person variability in TTP glycaemic responses is even greater than between-person variability.
No related grants have been discovered for Sabrina Binkowski.