ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7554-3187
Current Organisation
Université Laval
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-03-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S11065-017-9342-8
Abstract: In subjective cognitive decline (SCD), older adults present with concerns about self-perceived cognitive decline but are found to have clinically normal function. However, a significant proportion of those adults are subsequently found to develop mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's dementia or other neurocognitive disorder. In other cases, SCD may be associated with mood, personality, and physical health concerns. Regardless of etiology, adults with SCD may benefit from interventions that could enhance current function or slow incipient cognitive decline. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, is to examine the benefits of non-pharmacologic intervention (NPI) in persons with SCD. Inclusion criteria were studies of adults aged 55 + with SCD defined using published criteria, receiving NPI or any control condition, with cognitive, behavioural, or psychological outcomes in controlled trails. Published empirical studies were obtained through a standardized search of CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE with Full Text, PsycINFO, and PsycARTICLES, supplemented by a manual retrieval of relevant articles. Study quality and bias was determined using PEDro. Nine studies were included in the review and meta-analysis. A wide range of study quality was observed. Overall, a small effect size was found on cognitive outcomes, greater for cognitive versus other intervention types. The available evidence suggests that NPI may benefit current cognitive function in persons with SCD. Recommendations are provided to improve future trials of NPI in SCD.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 10-2022
DOI: 10.1037/NEU0000817
Abstract: Measures of social cognition have now become central in neuropsychology, being essential for early and differential diagnoses, follow-up, and rehabilitation in a wide range of conditions. With the scientific world becoming increasingly interconnected, international neuropsychological and medical collaborations are burgeoning to tackle the global challenges that are mental health conditions. These initiatives commonly merge data across a ersity of populations and countries, while ignoring their specificity. In this context, we aimed to estimate the influence of participants' nationality on social cognition evaluation. This issue is of particular importance as most cognitive tasks are developed in highly specific contexts, not representative of that encountered by the world's population. Through a large international study across 18 sites, neuropsychologists assessed core aspects of social cognition in 587 participants from 12 countries using traditional and widely used tasks. Age, gender, and education were found to impact measures of mentalizing and emotion recognition. After controlling for these factors, differences between countries accounted for more than 20% of the variance on both measures. Importantly, it was possible to isolate participants' nationality from potential translation issues, which classically constitute a major limitation. Overall, these findings highlight the need for important methodological shifts to better represent social cognition in both fundamental research and clinical practice, especially within emerging international networks and consortia. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-2010
DOI: 10.1177/070674371005500708
Abstract: To examine the incidence of psychiatric disorders in the Quebec older adult population. Data from the Enquěte sur la Santé des Aînés (ESA) study conducted in 2005 to 2008 using a representative s le (n = 2784) of community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older were used. The ESA study's results indicate that 12.0% of the respondents met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), Fourth Edition, criteria for depression, mania, anxiety disorders, or benzodiazepine drug dependency at the baseline interview. Our results also indicate that the 12-month rate of incident cases of DSM-IV disorders was 6.2%. The proportion of incident cases was higher for the depression group (3.4%) than for the anxiety disorders group (2.3%). The results showed that the probability to develop an incident psychiatric condition after 1 year of follow-up, compared with the noncases group, varied according to sex (OR 2.18 95% CI 1.39 to 3.44). Our results also showed that the number of chronic health problems (OR 1.20 95% CI 1.09 to 1.33) and the change in the number of chronic health problems reported between the baseline and the second interview (OR 1.14 95% CI 1.01 to 1.30) increased the probability to be an incident case at Time 2. The results indicated that social support did not influence the probability to develop a psychiatric disorder. These results indicate that sex and physical health status have an impact on the incidence of DSM-IV disorders in the elderly. This finding underscores the need for improved recognition and treatment of psychiatric disorders associated with physical illness in the older population.
No related grants have been discovered for Carol Hudon.