Antonio Tricoli

The current understanding of precision medicine and personalised medicine in selected research disciplines: study protocol of a systematic concept analysis

Publisher: BMJ

Date: 09-2022

DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2021-060326

Abstract: The terms ‘precision medicine’ and ‘personalised medicine’ have become key terms in health-related research and in science-related public communication. However, the application of these two concepts and their interpretation in various disciplines are heterogeneous, which also affects research translation and public awareness. This leads to confusion regarding the use and distinction of the two concepts. Our aim is to provide a snapshot of the current understanding of these concepts. Our study will use Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis to systematically examine the current understanding of the concepts ‘precision medicine’ and ‘personalised medicine’ in clinical medicine, biomedicine (incorporating genomics and bioinformatics), health services research, physics, chemistry, engineering, machine learning and artificial intelligence, and to identify their respective attributes (clusters of characteristics) and surrogate and related terms. A systematic search of the literature will be conducted for 2016–2022 using databases relevant to each of these disciplines: ACM Digital Library, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, F1000Research, IEEE Xplore, PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science. These are among the most representative databases for the included disciplines. We will examine similarities and differences in definitions of ‘precision medicine’ and ‘personalised medicine’ in the respective disciplines and across (sub)disciplines, including attributes of each term. This will enable us to determine how these two concepts are distinguished. Following ethical and research standards, we will comprehensively report the methodology for a systematic analysis following Rodgers’ concept analysis method. Our systematic concept analysis will contribute to the clarification of the two concepts and distinction in their application in given settings and circumstances. Such a broad concept analysis will contribute to non-systematic syntheses of the concepts, or occasional systematic reviews on one of the concepts that have been published in specific disciplines, in order to facilitate interdisciplinary communication, translational medical research and implementation science.

Low-Voltage High-Performance UV Photodetectors: An Interplay between Grain Boundaries and Debye Length

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 12-01-2017

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.6B12321

Abstract: Accurate detection of UV light by wearable low-power devices has many important applications including environmental monitoring, space to space communication, and defense. Here, we report the structural engineering of ultraporous ZnO nanoparticle networks for fabrication of very low-voltage high-performance UV photodetectors. A record high photo- to dark-current ratio of 3.3 × 10

Disclosing the Sensitivity and Selectivity of Metal Oxide/Graphene Oxide-Based Chemoresistors towards VOCs

Publisher: MDPI

Date: 19-05-2021

DOI: 10.3390/I3S2021DRESDEN-10163

Cassie-Levitated Droplets for Distortion-Free Low-Energy Solid–Liquid Interactions

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 04-04-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.8B00641

Abstract: Despite the rapid advent of superomniphobic materials, there is a lack of methodologies to accurately investigate the ultralow-energy interactions taking place on these interfaces. For instance, universally employed models such as the pendant droplet often fail to provide representative information on the wetting properties of superomniphobic surfaces. The delicate balance between the forces acting at the droplet-surface and droplet-needle interfaces can easily result in heavily distorted droplet profiles. Here, we introduce a Cassie-levitating droplet model which overcomes the limitations of the pendant droplet model, allowing a distortion-free assessment of the interactions between super( hi)omniphobic materials and low surface tension liquids. Comparative analysis in wetting of low surface tension fluids such as hexadecane (∼27.47 mN/m) on super hiphobic surfaces via the Cassie-levitating and pendant droplet models reveals up to 70° (800%) deviations in the estimated contact angle hysteresis. A theoretical framework is developed to assess experimentally observed profile distortions against ideal gravity-induced sagging of droplet shapes during dynamic droplet expansion and contraction cycles. Notably, pendant droplets resulted in up to 50% distortion while the Cassie-levitating ones achieved less than just 10%. We believe that the Cassie-levitating droplet model bears le potential for the characterization of the rapidly emerging family of superomniphobic materials, setting the basis for their future engineering in numerous emerging applications.

Paper-Like Writable Nanoparticle Network Sheets for Mask-Less MOF Patterning

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 03-10-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202100351

Abstract: Geometrical structuring of monolithic metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) components is required for their practical implementation in many areas, including electronic devices, gas storage/separation, catalysis, energy storage as well as bio‐medical applications. Despite progress in structuring MOFs, an approach for the precise patterning of MOF functional geometries in the millimeter‐ to micro‐meter depth is lacking. Here, a facile and flexible concept for the microfabrication of complex MOF patterns on large surfaces is reported. The method relies on the engineering of easily‐writable sheets of precursor metal oxide nanoparticles. The gas‐phase conversion of these patterned ceramic nanoparticle sheets results in monolithic MOF objects with arbitrarily shaped geometries and thicknesses of up to hundreds of micrometers. The writing of complex patterns of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) is demonstrated by a variety of approaches including ion beam, laser, and hand writing. Nanometer‐scale patterns are achieved by focused ion beam (FIB). Artless handwritings are obtained by using a pen in a similar fashion to writing on a paper. The pure ZIF‐8 composition of the resulting patterns is confirmed by a series of physical and chemical characterization. This facile MOF precursor‐writing approach provides novel opportunities for the design of MOF‐based devices with applications ranging from micro‐fluidics to renewable energy systems.

Assessing certainty and uncertainty in riparian habitat suitability models by identifying parameters with extreme outputs

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2014

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2014.06.015

Engineering Fractal Photonic Metamaterials by Stochastic Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticles

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 18-05-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADPR.202100020

Abstract: The scale‐invariant features of fractal‐structured materials offer significant opportunities for the manipulation of short‐ and long‐range light–matter interactions in a 3D space, with recent photonics applications including biomolecular sensing and visible‐blind photodetectors. The development of synthesis methods for the large‐scale fabrication of fractal metamaterials with tuneable hierarchy bears significant potential and is the focus of many research fields. Among various fabrication routes, Brownian's motion‐driven coagulation of nanomaterials, below their sintering temperature, leads to fractal‐like structures presenting self‐similar properties at different length scales. Herein, an in‐depth investigation of the properties of fractal metamaterials obtained via the scalable self‐assembly of hot aerosols of TiO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , and Au‐Bi 2 O 3 nanoparticles, chosen as representative photonic materials, is reported. The fractal properties of these aerosol‐synthesized nanoparticle powders and thin films are systematically investigated via small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), image analysis, and theoretical modeling. It is demonstrated that in the diffusion‐limited aggregation (DLA) regime the fractal dimensions are preserved and in the range of 1.75–1.83 during the formation of the nanoparticle agglomerates, independently of the material. These findings provide a flexible platform for the engineering of macroscale 3D nanomaterials with hierarchical properties with potential applications ranging from energy harvesting to photocatalysis and sensing.

Electrodetection of small molecules by conformation-mediated signal enhancement

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 18-06-2021

DOI: 10.1101/2021.06.17.448904

Abstract: Electrochemical biosensors allow the rapid, selective, and sensitive transduction of critical biological parameters into measurable signals. However, current electrochemical biosensors often fail to selectively and sensitively detect small molecules due to their small size and low molecular complexity. We have developed an electrochemical biosensing platform that harnesses the analyte-dependent conformational change of highly selective solute-binding proteins to lify the signal generated by analyte binding. Using this platform, we constructed and characterized two biosensors that can sense leucine and glycine, respectively. We show that these biosensors can selectively and sensitively detect their targets over a wide range of concentrations – up to seven orders of magnitude – and that the selectivity of these sensors can be readily altered by switching the bioreceptor’s binding domain. Our work represents a new paradigm for the design of a family of modular electrochemical biosensors, where access to electrode surfaces can be controlled by protein conformational change.

A User Preference Analysis Of Commercial Breath Ketone Sensors To Inform The Development Of Portable Breath Ketone Sensors For Diabetes Management In Young People

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 30-10-2021

DOI: 10.1101/2021.10.29.21265562

Abstract: Background. Portable breath ketone sensors may help people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) avoid episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis however the design features preferred by users have not been studied. We aimed to elucidate breath analysis and design preferences associated with commercial breath ketone devices among young people with T1DM aged 12-16 years and their parents in order to inform the development of a breath ketone sensor prototype for diabetes management. Research Designs and Methods. Two commercially available breath ketone sensors, designed for ketogenic diet monitoring, were explored over one week by ten young people with T1DM to get an insight into breath measurements. Participants interacted with the devices at least twice daily for five days, taking breath ketone, blood ketone and blood glucose measurements. Semi-structured interviews were conducted post-testing with the young participants and their caregivers to elicit preferences related to breath analysis and to inform the co-design of a diabetes breath ketone sensor prototype. To validate the results from a professional healthcare perspective, we interviewed two diabetes educators working in pediatric care about their perspective of young people using breath ketone sensors. Results. Participants acknowledged the non-invasiveness of breath sensors as compared to blood testing. Affordability, reliability and accuracy were identified as prerequisites for breath ketone sensors used for diabetes management. Design features valued by young people included portability, ease of use, sustainability, readability and suitability for use in public. The time required to use breath sensors was similar to that for blood testing. The requirement to maintain a 10-second breath exhalation posed a challenge for users. Diabetes educators highlighted the ease of use of breath devices especially for young people with insufficient blood ketone testing. Conclusions. Breath ketone sensors for diabetes management bear potential to facilitate ketone testing in young people. Our study affirms features for young people that drive usability of breath sensors among this population, and provides a model of user preference assessment.

Resonant Dielectric Metagratings for Response Intensified Optical Sensing

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 04-08-2022

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202103143

Abstract: The development of nanoscale optical sensors is desirable for a broad range of applications, including wearable medical‐diagnostics, biochemical detection, and environmental monitoring. Optical detection platforms based on resonant nanostructures are the golden standard for miniaturized footprint and high optical sensitivity. These sensors function by measuring a shift in resonance wavelength upon binding of analytes to their surface. However, such measurements are sensitive to intensity fluctuations of the illuminating source and its wavelength calibration, which limits their applicability. Here, a novel optical sensing concept based on diffraction measurements from resonant dielectric metagratings is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It is shown that this approach enables the direct measurement of unknown analytes with enhanced sensitivity and without the need for intensity calibrations. The intensified sensitivity of this metagrating‐sensor is derived from combining the resonant phenomena of the nanostructures with the tailored diffraction from the metagrating, thereby providing the highest sensitivity demonstrated to date amongst grating‐based sensors. As a proof of concept, the metagrating‐sensor was validated using an antibody binding assay, achieving a femtomolar‐level limit of detection. Due to their high sensitivity and robust performance, the proposed metagrating sensors pave the way for novel miniaturized medical diagnostics and biosensing applications.

Mixed-dimensional organic–inorganic metal halide perovskite (OIMHP) based gas sensors with superior stability for NO₂ detection

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.1039/D1MA00976A

Abstract: Mixed-dimensional 2D/3D perovskite-based NO 2 gas sensors were developed with swift response, great sensitivity and good selectivity. The 2D/3D devices have significantly better moisture stability than the 3D devices.

Scenario processes for socio-environmental systems analysis of futures: A review of recent efforts and a salient research agenda for supporting decision making

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2020.138393

One-Step Synthesis of Porous Transparent Conductive Oxides by Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Aluminum-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-02-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.9B19423

Engineering of SnO₂–Graphene Oxide Nanoheterojunctions for Selective Room-Temperature Chemical Sensing and Optoelectronic Devices

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 22-07-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.0C09178

Development of an integrated model for the Campaspe catchment: a tool to help improve understanding of the interaction between society, policy, farming decision, ecology, hydrology and climate

Publisher: Copernicus GmbH

Date: 05-06-2018

DOI: 10.5194/PIAHS-379-1-2018

Abstract: Abstract. Management of water resources requires understanding of the hydrology and hydrogeology, as well as the policy and human drivers and their impacts. This understanding requires relevant inputs from a wide range of disciplines, which will vary depending on the specific case study. One approach to gain understanding of the impact of climate and society on water resources is through the use of an integrated modelling process that engages stakeholders and experts in specifics of problem framing, co-design of the underpinning conceptual model, and discussion of the ensuing results. In this study, we have developed such an integrated modelling process for the C aspe basin in northern Victoria, Australia. The numerical model built has a number of components: Node/link based surface water hydrology module based on the IHACRES rainfall-streamflow model Distributed groundwater model for the lower catchment (MODFLOW) Farm decision optimisation module (to determine irrigation requirements) Policy module (setting conditions on availability of water based on existing rules) Ecology module (determining the impacts of available streamflow on platypus, fish and river red gum trees) The integrated model is component based and has been developed in Python, with the MODFLOW and surface water hydrology model run in external programs, controlled by the master program (in Python). The integrated model has been calibrated using historical data, with the intention of exploring the impact of various scenarios (future climate scenarios, different policy options, water management options) on the water resources. The scenarios were selected based on workshops with, and a social survey of, stakeholders in the basin regarding what would be socially acceptable and physically plausible options for changes in management. An ex le of such a change is the introduction of a managed aquifer recharge system to capture dam overflows, and store at least a portion of this in the aquifer, thereby increasing the groundwater resource as well as reducing the impact of existing pumping levels.

Semiconductor Nanowire Arrays for High‐Performance Miniaturized Chemical Sensing

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 20-10-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202107596

Abstract: Chemiresistive sensing is one of the most promising technologies for portable and miniaturized chemical sensing, with applications ranging from air quality monitoring to explosive detection and medical diagnostics. Recently, there have been growing efforts in developing microchip based chemical sensors operating at room temperature with high sensitivity, selectivity, spatial and temporal resolution, long‐term stability, and cost‐effectiveness. Here, the engineering of highly performing miniaturized gas sensors consisting of chemiresistive vertical indium phosphide nanowire (NW) arrays is reported for the first time, and their potential for the selective detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), a major air pollutant, is demonstrated. By carefully engineering the NW geometry (i.e., diameter and pitch), a superior sensing performance than those previously reported semiconductor‐based NO 2 sensors is achieved, obtaining a limit of detection of 3.1 ppb at room temperature, with outstanding selectivity, and long‐term stability. Kinetic analysis and electrical simulation further reveal the array geometry correlated sensing mechanism, providing insights for the design of future NW array‐based devices. These findings indicate that, owing to their unique nanoscale structures, material properties, and CMOS compatible manufacture processes, III‐V compound semiconductor NW arrays present a new and promising chemical sensing platform for development of future high performance, miniaturized on‐chip sensing system.

Tuning the selectivity of highly sensitive chemiresistive nanoparticle networks by encapsulation with metal–organic frameworks

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2021

DOI: 10.1039/D1TC03606H

Abstract: Selective chemiresistive gas sensing using metal–organic framework encapsulated ultra-porous metal oxide nanoparticle network.

A framework for characterising and evaluating the effectiveness of environmental modelling

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2019.04.008

Omnidirectional Self-Assembly of Transparent Superoleophobic Nanotextures

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 06-01-2017

DOI: 10.1021/ACSNANO.6B06715

Abstract: Engineering surface textures that are highly transparent and repel water, oil, and other low surface energy fluids can transform our interaction with wet environments. Despite extensive progress, current top-down methods are based on directional line-of-sight fabrication mechanisms that are limited by scale and cannot be applied to highly uneven, curved, and enclosed surfaces, while bottom-up techniques often suffer from poor optical transparency. Here, we present an approach that enables the rapid, omnidirectional synthesis of flexible and up to 99.97% transparent superhydrophobic and -oleophobic textures on many variable surface types. These features are obtained by the spontaneous formation of a multi re-entrant morphology during the controlled self-assembly of nanoparticle aerosols. We also develop a mathematical model to explain and control the self-assembly dynamics, providing important insights for the rational engineering of functional materials. We envision that our findings represent a significant advance in imparting superoleophobicity and super hiphobicity to a so-far inapplicable family of materials and geometries for multifunctional applications.

Unconventional direct synthesis of Ni3N/Ni with N-vacancies for efficient and stable hydrogen evolution

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.1039/D1EE02013G

Abstract: Direct synthesis of Ni 3 N/Ni catalyst enriched with N-vacancies using one-step reactive magnetron sputtering with enhanced performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction in photoelectrochemical cells and electrolysers.

A review of catchment-scale water quality and erosion models and a synthesis of future prospects

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2018.12.008

Oxygen Vacancies Engineering in Thick Semiconductor Films via Deep Ultraviolet Photoactivation for Selective and Sensitive Gas Sensing

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 20-02-2023

DOI: 10.1002/AELM.202200905

Abstract: Room‐temperature detection of volatile organic compounds in particle‐per‐billion concentrations is critical for the development of wearable and distributed sensor networks. However, sensitivity and selectivity are limited at low operating temperatures. Here, a strategy is proposed to substantially improve the performance of semiconductor sensors. Tunable oxygen vacancies in thick 3D networks of metal oxide nanoparticles are engineered using deep ultraviolet photoactivation. High selectivity and sensitivity are achieved by optimizing the electronic structure and surface activity while preserving the 3D morphology. Cross‐sectional depth analysis reveals oxygen vacancies present at various depths (≈24% at a depth of 1.13 µm), with a uniform distribution throughout the thick films. This results in ≈58% increase in the sensitivity of ZnO to 20‐ppb ethanol at room temperature while ≈51% and 64% decrease in the response and recovery times, respectively. At an operating temperature of 150 °C, oxygen‐vacant nanostructures achieve a lower limit of detection of 2 ppb. Density functional theory analysis shows that inducing oxygen vacancies reduces activation energy for ethanol adsorption and dissociation, leading to improved sensing performance. This scalable approach has the potential for designing low‐power wearable chemical and bio‐sensors and tuning the activity and band structure of porous, thick oxide films for multiple applications.

Physical health promotion in people with schizophrenia: why we should consider the ultra high-risk state.

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-12-2016

DOI: 10.1111/ACPS.12532

Modelling erosion and sediment delivery from unsealed roads in southeast Australia

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2009

DOI: 10.1016/J.MATCOM.2008.10.001

Toward Diabetes Device Development That Is Mindful to the Needs of Young People Living With Type 1 Diabetes: A Data- and Theory-Driven Qualitative Study.

Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.

Date: 25-01-2023

DOI: 10.2196/43377

Abstract: An important strategy to understand young people’s needs regarding technologies for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management is to examine their day-to-day experiences with these technologies. This study aimed to examine young people’s and their caregivers’ experiences with diabetes technologies in an exploratory way and relate the findings to the existing technology acceptance and technology design theories. On the basis of this procedure, we aimed to develop device characteristics that meet young people’s needs. Overall, 16 in-person and web-based face-to-face interviews were conducted with 7 female and 9 male young people with T1DM (aged between 12 and 17 years) and their parents between December 2019 and July 2020. The participants were recruited through a pediatric diabetes clinic based at Canberra Hospital. Data-driven thematic analysis was performed before theory-driven analysis to incorporate empirical data results into the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and value-sensitive design (VSD). We used the COREQ (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) checklist for reporting our research procedure and findings. In this paper, we summarize the key device characteristics that meet young people’s needs. Summarized interview themes from the data-driven analysis included aspects of self-management, device use, technological characteristics, and feelings associated with device types. In the subsequent theory-driven analysis, the interview themes aligned with all UTAUT and VSD factors except for one (privacy). Privacy concerns or related aspects were not reported throughout the interviews, and none of the participants made any mention of data privacy. Discussions around ideal device characteristics focused on reliability, flexibility, and automated closed loop systems that enable young people with T1DM to lead an independent life and alleviate parental anxiety. However, in line with a previous systematic review by Brew-Sam et al, the analysis showed that reality deviated from these expectations, with inaccuracy problems reported in continuous glucose monitoring devices and technical failures occurring in both continuous glucose monitoring devices and insulin pumps. Our research highlights the benefits of the transdisciplinary use of exploratory and theory-informed methods for designing improved technologies. Technologies for diabetes self-management require continual advancement to meet the needs and expectations of young people with T1DM and their caregivers. The UTAUT and VSD approaches were found useful as a combined foundation for structuring the findings of our study.

Stable Acidic Water Oxidation with a Cobalt–Iron–Lead Oxide Catalyst Operating via a Cobalt‐Selective Self‐Healing Mechanism

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 15-06-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ANGE.202104123

Abstract: The instability and expense of anodes for water electrolyzers with acidic electrolytes can be overcome through the implementation of a cobalt‐iron‐lead oxide electrocatalyst, [Co–Fe–Pb]O x , that is self‐healing in the presence of dissolved metal precursors. However, the latter requirement is pernicious for the membrane and especially the cathode half‐reaction since Pb 2+ and Fe 3+ precursors poison the state‐of‐the‐art platinum H 2 evolving catalyst. To address this, we demonstrate the invariably stable operation of [Co–Fe–Pb]O x in acidic solutions through a cobalt‐selective self‐healing mechanism without the addition of Pb 2+ and Fe 3+ and investigate the kinetics of the process. Soft X‐ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that low concentrations of Co 2+ in the solution stabilize the catalytically active Co(Fe) sites. The highly promising performance of this system is showcased by steady water electrooxidation at 80±1 °C and 10 mA cm −2 , using a flat electrode, at an overpotential of 0.56±0.01 V on a one‐week timescale.

Highly efficient and durable solar thermal energy harvesting via scalable hierarchical coatings inspired by stony corals

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.1039/D1EE03028K

Abstract: Stony coral morphology inspires ultra-stable sunlight absorber structure with highest reported absorptance for high-temperature solar thermal applications.

Non-invasive medical diagnostics by nanoparticle-based solid-state gas sensors

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 09-08-2013

DOI: 10.1117/12.2028088

Revealing Atomic Structure and Oxidation States of Dopants in Charge-Ordered Nanoparticles for Migration-Promoted Oxygen-Exchange Capacity

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 03-07-2019

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.9B01785

Optimally Hierarchical Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Superior Prosthesis Biointegration

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 03-07-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.8B08029

Abstract: Bone osteogenesis is a complex phenomenon dependent on numerous microenvironmental cues, with their synchrony regulating cellular functions, such as mechanical signaling, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, as well as controlled regional specification of skeletal progenitor cell fate. Therefore, obtaining a mechanistic understanding of cellular response to a microenvironment is now coming into intense focus, which will facilitate the design of programmable biomaterials for regenerative medicine. State-of-the-art nanomaterial synthesis and self-assembly processes yield complex structures that mimic surface properties, composition, and partially the morphology of the extracellular matrix. However, determining key structural properties that control cell attachment has been challenging and contradictory results are reported regarding the mechanisms and roll of nanostructured materials. Here, we significantly improve osteogenesis on bioinert substrates, demonstrating an exemplary organic-inorganic interface for superior prosthesis biointegration. We identify critical microscale hierarchical features that drastically enhance the cellular response to the same nanoscale architecture. It was observed that hierarchical morphologies, with a porosity above 80%, promote early-stage osteoinduction, as indicated by extensive coating ingrowth and nanofilopodia formation. We determined that cellular integration was mediated by two-way recognition of specific nano- and microtopographical cues between the host tissue and cellular microenvironment. This has allowed us to detail a set of determinant features for the nanofabrication of advanced prosthesis coatings that may ultimately improve implant longevity.

Alternatives to Water Photooxidation for Photoelectrochemical Solar Energy Conversion and Green H₂ Production

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 22-09-2022

DOI: 10.1002/AENM.202201358

Abstract: Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is considered a promising technology to produce renewable hydrogen, a clean fuel or energy carrier to replace conventional carbon‐based fossil‐fuel sources. Nevertheless, the overall solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency and the cost‐effectiveness of this technology are still unsatisfactory for practical implementation. This can be primarily attributed to the sluggish kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the relatively low economic value of cogenerated O 2 production. Over the past decades, there are extensive efforts to explore more kinetically favorable photooxidation reactions, which coupled with hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can simultaneously improve H 2 production yield and produce higher valuable alternatives to conventional O 2 . This review aims to present recent progress on the alternative anodic choices to OER. Here, the fundamental of PEC water splitting and the critical components required for this system are first shortly summarized. Then the benefits and issues of alternative photooxidation reactions including photooxidation of water to hydrogen peroxide, chlorine, alcohol, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural, or urea oxidation when combined with the concurrent HER, are reviewed and analyzed. This review is concluded by presenting a critical evaluation of the challenges and opportunities of these alternative HER‐coupled photooxidation reactions for solar energy production and environmental treatment.

Nano-structuring metal organic frameworks on semiconductor nanowire arrays for highly sensitive and selective chemical sensing

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Date: 09-2023

DOI: 10.1063/5.0153029

Janus Conductive/Insulating Microporous Ion-Sieving Membranes for Stable Li–S Batteries

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 04-09-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACSNANO.0C06221

Surface Functionalization and Texturing of Optical Metasurfaces for Sensing Applications

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 10-05-2022

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMREV.1C00990

Abstract: Optical metasurfaces are planar metamaterials that can mediate highly precise light-matter interactions. Because of their unique optical properties, both plasmonic and dielectric metasurfaces have found common use in sensing applications, enabling label-free, nondestructive, and miniaturized sensors with ultralow limits of detection. However, because bare metasurfaces inherently lack target specificity, their applications have driven the development of surface modification techniques that provide selectivity. Both chemical functionalization and physical texturing methodologies can modify and enhance metasurface properties by selectively capturing analytes at the surface and altering the transduction of light-matter interactions into optical signals. This review summarizes recent advances in material-specific surface functionalization and texturing as applied to representative optical metasurfaces. We also present an overview of the underlying chemistry driving functionalization and texturing processes, including detailed directions for their broad implementation. Overall, this review provides a concise and centralized guide for the modification of metasurfaces with a focus toward sensing applications.

High‐Temperature One‐Step Synthesis of Efficient Nanostructured Bismuth Vanadate Photoanodes for Water Oxidation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 24-04-2019

DOI: 10.1002/ENTE.201801052

Photonic Fractal Metamaterials: A Metal–Semiconductor Platform with Enhanced Volatile‐Compound Sensing Performance

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 22-10-2020

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.202002471

Nanostructured β‐Bi₂O₃ Fractals on Carbon Fibers for Highly Selective CO₂ Electroreduction to Formate

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 22-10-2019

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.201906478

One-Step Rapid and Scalable Flame Synthesis of Efficient WO3 Photoanodes for Water Splitting

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 16-04-2018

DOI: 10.1002/CPLU.201800061

Abstract: Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising approach for the carbon-free production of hydrogen using sunlight. Here, robust and efficient WO

The Current Understanding of Precision Medicine and Personalised Medicine in Selected Research Disciplines: Study Protocol of a Systematic Concept Analysis

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 12-01-2022

DOI: 10.1101/2022.01.12.22269125

Abstract: Introduction. The terms "precision medicine" and "personalised medicine" have become key terms in health-related research, and in science-related public communication. However, the application of these two concepts and their interpretation in various disciplines are heterogeneous, which also affects research translation and public awareness. This leads to confusion regarding the use and distinction of the two concepts. Methods and analysis. Our study aims at using Rodger's concept analysis method to systematically examine and distinguish the current understanding of the concepts "precision medicine" and "personalised medicine" in clinical medicine, biomedicine (incorporating genomics and bioinformatics), health services research physics, chemistry, engineering machine learning, and artificial intelligence, and to identify their respective attributes (clusters of characteristics) and surrogate and related terms. We will analyse similarities and differences in definitions in the respective disciplines and across different (sub)disciplines. The analysis procedure will include (1) a concept identification, (2) a setting, s le, and data source selection, (3) data collection, (4) data analysis and data summary, (5) identification of ex les, and (6) identification of implications for further concept development. Ethics and dissemination. Following ethical and research standards, we will comprehensively report the methodology for a systematic analysis following Roger's[1] concept analysis method. Our systematic concept analysis will contribute to the clarification of the two concepts and distinction in their application in given settings and circumstances. Such a broader concept analysis will contribute to non-systematic syntheses of the concepts, or occasional systematic reviews on one of the concepts that have been published in specific disciplines, in order to facilitate interdisciplinary communication, translational medical research, and implementation science.

Optimal Coatings of Co₃O₄ Anodes for Acidic Water Electrooxidation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 20-10-2023

DOI: 10.1002/SMLL.202304650

Coral-inspired hierarchical structures for sunlight harvesting

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 21-09-2021

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-919328/V1

Abstract: Concentrating solar thermal (CST) is an efficient renewable energy technology with low-cost thermal energy storage. CST relies on wide-spectrum solar thermal absorbers that must withstand high temperatures ( 700°C) for many years, but state-of-the-art coatings have poor optical stability. Here, we show that the largely overlooked macro-scale morphology is key to enhancing both optical resilience and light trapping. Inspired by stony-coral morphology, we developed a hierarchical coating with three tuneable length-scale morphologies: nano- (~ 120 nm), micro- (~ 3 µm) and macro-scales ( 50 µm). Our coating exhibits outstanding, stable solar-weighted absorptance of 97.75 ± 0.04% after ageing at 850°C for more than 2,000 hours. The scalability of our coating is demonstrated on a commercial solar thermal receiver, paving the way for more reliable high-performance solar thermal systems.

Lattice Expansion in Optimally Doped Manganese Oxide: An Effective Structural Parameter for Enhanced Thermochemical Water Splitting

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 20-09-2019

DOI: 10.1021/ACSCATAL.9B03205

Understanding the Role of Vanadium Vacancies in BiVO₄ for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 02-04-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.0C04866

Nanoscale TiO2 Coatings Improve the Stability of an Earth-Abundant Cobalt Oxide Catalyst during Acidic Water Oxidation

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 15-07-2022

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.2C05849

Assessing climate change impacts on wetlands in a flow regulated catchment: A case study in the Macquarie Marshes, Australia

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 07-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2015.04.021

Abstract: Globally wetlands are increasingly under threat due to changes in water regimes as a result of river regulation and climate change. We developed the Exploring CLimAte Impacts on Management (EXCLAIM) decision support system (DSS), which simulates flow-driven habitat condition for 16 vegetation species, 13 waterbird species and 4 fish groups in the Macquarie catchment, Australia. The EXCLAIM DSS estimates impacts to habitat condition, considering scenarios of climate change and water management. The model framework underlying the DSS is a probabilistic Bayesian network, and this approach was chosen to explicitly represent uncertainties in climate change scenarios and predicted ecological outcomes. The results suggest that the scenario with no climate change and no water resource development (i.e. flow condition without dams, weirs or water license entitlements, often regarded as a surrogate for 'natural' flow) consistently has the most beneficial outcomes for vegetation, waterbird and native fish. The 2030 dry climate change scenario delivers the poorest ecological outcomes overall, whereas the 2030 wet climate change scenario has beneficial outcomes for waterbird breeding, but delivers poor outcomes for river red gum and black box woodlands, and fish that prefer river channels as habitats. A formal evaluation of the waterbird breeding model showed that higher numbers of observed nest counts are typically associated with higher modelled average breeding habitat conditions. The EXCLAIM DSS provides a generic framework to link hydrology and ecological habitats for a large number of species, based on best available knowledge of their flood requirements. It is a starting point towards developing an integrated tool for assessing climate change impacts on wetland ecosystems.

The Effect of Surface Entropy on the Heat of Non-Wetting Liquid Intrusion into Nanopores

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 12-04-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.1C00005

Integrating Low‐Cost Earth‐Abundant Co‐Catalysts with Encapsulated Perovskite Solar Cells for Efficient and Stable Overall Solar Water Splitting

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 10-11-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202008245

Optimizing Surface Composition and Structure of FeWO₄ Photoanodes for Enhanced Water Photooxidation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-01-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ADMT.202201760

Abstract: Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising approach to produce green hydrogen using solar energy. A primary bottleneck remains the lack of efficient photoanodes to catalyze the sluggish water photooxidation reaction. Engineering photoabsorbers with a narrow bandgap and suitable band edge can boost the photoelectrochemical performance. Herein, nanostructured iron tungstate (FeWO 4 ) photoanodes are engineered directly on a fluorine doped tin oxide glass substrate via a scalable and ultra‐fast flame synthesis route in 13 seconds. Physiochemical, optoelectronic, and electrochemical properties of these photoanodes are systematically investigated. The key roles of charge transport, transfer, and dissolution of W and Fe ions from the FeWO 4 matrix within long‐term performance are revealed. Optimal FeWO 4 photoanode with a bandgap of 1.82 eV and a FeOOH/NiOOH co‐catalyst coating shows an improved water photooxidation performance, reaching a photocurrent density of 0.23 mA cm −2 at 1.4 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in 1 m potassium hydroxide. It further demonstrates relatively good photostability, maintaining ≈96% of photocurrent density after 1‐hour continuous photooxidation, albeit some trace of Fe, W and Ni elements dissolution. Insights on the photooxidation performance of nanostructured FeWO 4 provide promising directions for the engineering of small band‐gap catalysts for a variety of photoelectrochemical applications.

Covalent Coupling-Stabilized Transition-Metal Sulfide/Carbon Nanotube Composites for Lithium/Sodium-Ion Batteries

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 19-03-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACSNANO.0C10121

Metal–Organic Frameworks/Conducting Polymer Hydrogel Integrated Three-Dimensional Free-Standing Monoliths as Ultrahigh Loading Li–S Battery Electrodes

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 25-06-2019

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.9B01033

Abstract: The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) system is a promising material for the next-generation of high energy density batteries with application extending from electrical vehicles to portable devices and aeronautics. Despite progress, the energy density of current Li-S technologies is still below that of conventional intercalation-type cathode materials due to limited stability and utilization efficiency at high sulfur loading. Here, we present a conducting polymer hydrogel integrated highly performing free-standing three-dimensional (3D) monolithic electrode architecture for Li-S batteries with superior electrochemical stability and energy density. The electrode layout consists of a highly conductive three-dimensional network of N,P codoped carbon with well-dispersed metal-organic framework nanodomains of ZIF-67 and HKUST-1. The hierarchical monolithic 3D carbon networks provide an excellent environment for charge and electrolyte transport as well as mechanical and chemical stability. The electrically integrated MOF nanodomains significantly enhance the sulfur loading and retention capabilities by inhibiting the release of lithium polysulfide specificities as well as improving the charge transfer efficiency at the electrolyte interface. Our optimal 3D carbon-HKUST-1 electrode architecture achieves a very high areal capacity of >16 mAh cm

Dual‐Ion Flux Management for Stable High Areal Capacity Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 27-01-2022

DOI: 10.1002/AENM.202103444

Abstract: Controlling the interaction between multiple ion fluxes is a major challenge that h ers the adoption of post‐Li intercalation battery systems, which offer a multifold increase in energy density over existing technologies. Here, a dual‐ion flux management strategy is introduced to simultaneously control the distribution of Li and polysulfide ions in high‐energy Li–S batteries. This approach enables long‐term use of high S‐loading cathodes with 13.6 mg sulfur cm −2 , achieving 9 mAh cm −2 areal capacity with 73% capacity retention for 1000 charging/discharging cycles. The battery system relies on the use of a multiscale membrane, with comparable size to existing battery separators, which simultaneously acts as an atomic redisperser for Li ions, dielectric and mechanical separator, polysulfide barrier, and extended cathode. Combined characterization and modeling reveal that the membrane is stable down to .0 V versus Li + /Li and result in a uniform Li‐ion flux to the anode and effective polysulfide confinement and reutilization. The potential of this approach for application is demonstrated by the fabrication of stable pouch cells with a horizontal surface of 40 cm 2 and 6.8 mAh cm −2 capacity. These findings provide an exemplification of the potential for effective multi‐ion flux management for future energy storage and emerging electrochemical systems.

Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Materials and Composites for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 03-04-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACSENERGYLETT.0C00327

Stable Acidic Water Oxidation with a Cobalt–Iron–Lead Oxide Catalyst Operating via a Cobalt‐Selective Self‐Healing Mechanism

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 15-06-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ANIE.202104123

Abstract: The instability and expense of anodes for water electrolyzers with acidic electrolytes can be overcome through the implementation of a cobalt‐iron‐lead oxide electrocatalyst, [Co–Fe–Pb]O x , that is self‐healing in the presence of dissolved metal precursors. However, the latter requirement is pernicious for the membrane and especially the cathode half‐reaction since Pb 2+ and Fe 3+ precursors poison the state‐of‐the‐art platinum H 2 evolving catalyst. To address this, we demonstrate the invariably stable operation of [Co–Fe–Pb]O x in acidic solutions through a cobalt‐selective self‐healing mechanism without the addition of Pb 2+ and Fe 3+ and investigate the kinetics of the process. Soft X‐ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that low concentrations of Co 2+ in the solution stabilize the catalytically active Co(Fe) sites. The highly promising performance of this system is showcased by steady water electrooxidation at 80±1 °C and 10 mA cm −2 , using a flat electrode, at an overpotential of 0.56±0.01 V on a one‐week timescale.

P-type Charge Transport and Selective Gas Sensing of All-Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrystals

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 18-09-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACSMATERIALSLETT.0C00346

Modeling Water Quality in Watersheds: From Here to the Next Generation

Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Date: 11-2020

DOI: 10.1029/2020WR027721

Zinc Titanate Nanoarrays with Superior Optoelectrochemical Properties for Chemical Sensing

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 24-07-2019

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.9B08704

Abstract: In this report, the gas sensing performance of zinc titanate (ZnTiO

Non-Periodic Epsilon-Near-Zero Metamaterials at Visible Wavelengths for Efficient Non-Resonant Optical Sensing

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 28-04-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.0C01095

Understanding the Role of (W, Mo, Sb) Dopants in the Catalyst Evolution and Activity Enhancement of Co₃O₄ during Water Electrolysis via In Situ Spectroelectrochemical Techniques

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 18-03-2023

DOI: 10.1002/SMLL.202208074

Abstract: Unlocking the potential of the hydrogen economy is dependent on achieving green hydrogen (H 2 ) production at competitive costs. Engineering highly active and durable catalysts for both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER) from earth‐abundant elements is key to decreasing costs of electrolysis, a carbon‐free route for H 2 production. Here, a scalable strategy to prepare doped cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 ) electrocatalysts with ultralow loading, disclosing the role of tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), and antimony (Sb) dopants in enhancing OER/HER activity in alkaline conditions, is reported. In situ Raman and X‐ray absorption spectroscopies, and electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the dopants do not alter the reaction mechanisms but increase the bulk conductivity and density of redox active sites. As a result, the W‐doped Co 3 O 4 electrode requires ≈390 and ≈560 mV overpotentials to reach ±10 and ±100 mA cm −2 for OER and HER, respectively, over long‐term electrolysis. Furthermore, optimal Mo‐doping leads to the highest OER and HER activities of 8524 and 634 A g −1 at overpotentials of 0.67 and 0.45 V, respectively. These novel insights provide directions for the effective engineering of Co 3 O 4 as a low‐cost material for green hydrogen electrocatalysis at large scales.

Direct Observation of Oxygen Evolution and Surface Restructuring on Mn₂O₃ Nanocatalysts Using In Situ and Ex Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 09-08-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.1C02378

Superior Self‐Charged and ‐Powered Chemical Sensing with High Performance for NO₂ Detection at Room Temperature

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-03-2020

DOI: 10.1002/ADOM.201901863

Modelling for managing the complex issue of catchment-scale surface and groundwater allocation

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Date: 2014

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03581-9_2

When Less Gold is More: Selective Attomolar Biosensing at the Nanoscale

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 08-03-2022

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202105433

Abstract: The development of biosensors has become increasingly important to tackle the spread of potentially pandemic pathogens and for the decentralization of healthcare services. Despite progress, achieving selective detection of ultralow concentrations of biomarkers in complex fluids with point‐of‐care devices is a standing challenge. Here, an efficient material platform for the sensing of biomarkers down to attomolar concentrations with excellent selectivity and a tuneable linear response range is reported. It is demonstrated that by decreasing the Au nanoislands on an elsewhere passivated surface, it is possible to more than double their electrochemical response to low biomarker concentrations via a gate‐type mechanism. As an exemplary application, the first sensing of glycated albumin, a key biomarker for diabetes management, in clinically relevant levels by conjugation of a selective DNA aptamer to the Au nanoisland surface is showcased. With a limit of detection of 0.55 × 10 −18 m , the excellent selectivity of this platform against nonspecific biomolecules is validated. This platform shows exceptional sensitivity and selectivity in mouse serum, further highlighting its potential for clinical utility. The versatility of this platform to detect other biomarkers, like miRNAs, is also showcased. These findings provide a flexible material platform for the scalable and low‐cost engineering of future point‐of‐care biosensors.

Integration of Earth‐Abundant Catalysts on Si Solar Cells for Overall Solar Hydrogen Production

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 27-03-2021

DOI: 10.1002/AESR.202100012

Abstract: Development of low‐cost and earth‐abundant metal catalysts, as alternative to noble metals, is a promising approach for direct hydrogen production from solar light with integrated photoelectrochemical devices. Herein, a mild electrochemical method is used to directly synthesize two earth‐abundant catalysts, namely, CoP and CoSe, on planar‐junction p + nn + ‐Si solar cells. It is observed that the CoP–Si photocathodes achieve the best performance with ≈12 h of stability, a photocurrent density of up to 38 mA cm −2 at 0 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), and an onset potential of 488 mV versus RHE, and one of the most efficient solar‐driven hydrogen generation from earth‐abundant systems to date. Overall solar water splitting is also demonstrated in a tandem device configuration with a top TiO 2 nanorod arrays photoanode achieving more than 5 h continuous hydrogen production. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using low‐cost earth‐abundant materials and the established Si solar cells technology for direct water splitting powered from sunlight.

A note on communicating environmental change for non-market valuation

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1016/J.ECOLIND.2016.08.018

Durable Electrooxidation of Acidic Water Catalysed by a Cobalt‐Bismuth‐based Oxide Composite: An Unexpected Role of the F‐doped SnO₂ Substrate

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 26-04-2022

DOI: 10.1002/CCTC.202200013

Abstract: Aiming to design a catalyst for stable electrooxidation of water at low pH, the present work explores the properties and structural features of electrodeposited composite oxides based on Bi and Co, which were anticipated to provide stability and catalytical activity, respectively. Materials deposited as very thin ( ca 50 nm) films on F‐doped SnO 2 (FTO) substrate do not initially exhibit high activity in 0.1 M H 2 SO 4 , but are activated during operation through the electrooxidatively‐induced enrichment of the catalytic surface with Co and Sn oxides. The latter originate from the FTO support and are identified as an important component of the catalyst through control experiments with a Sn‐free substrate and with Sn 2+ intentionally added at the electrodeposition stage. A distinctive feature of the Co−Bi−Sn‐based electrocatalyst is the slow but persistent improvement in the activity during operation in 0.1 M H 2 SO 4 at both ambient and elevated (60 °C) temperatures, which contrasts with the continuously degrading behaviour of state‐of‐the‐art oxygen evolution catalysts at low pH. This is demonstrated by 9‐day‐long galvanostatic tests at 10 mA cm −2 , during which the Co−Bi−Sn‐based thin film catalyst shows no degradation and sustains stable water oxidation at ca 1.9 V vs . reversible hydrogen electrode. The effects of tin leaching from the support detected herein might have implications to other acidic water oxidation catalysts supported on high‐surface area doped SnO 2 materials.

Using UV-Responsive Nanoparticles to Provide In Situ Control of Growth Factor Delivery and a More Constant Release Profile from a Hydrogel Environment

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 02-03-2022

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.1C24528

Experiences of Young People and Their Caregivers of Using Technology to Manage Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Literature Review and Narrative Synthesis (Preprint)

Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.

Date: 02-06-2020

DOI: 10.2196/PREPRINTS.20973

Abstract: n the last decade, diabetes management has begun to transition to technology-based care, with young people being the focus of many technological advances. Yet, detailed insights into the experiences of young people and their caregivers of using technology to manage type 1 diabetes mellitus are lacking. he objective of our study was to describe the breadth of experiences and perspectives on diabetes technology use among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their caregivers. his systematic literature review used integrated thematic analysis to guide a narrative synthesis of the included studies. We analyzed the perspectives and experiences of young people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their caregivers reported in qualitative studies, quantitative descriptive studies, and studies with a mixed methods design. eventeen articles met the inclusion criteria, and they included studies on insulin pump, glucose sensors, and remote monitoring systems. The following eight themes were derived from the analysis: (1) expectations of the technology prior to use, (2) perceived impact on sleep and overnight experiences, (3) experiences with alarms, (4) impact on independence and relationships, (5) perceived usage impact on blood glucose control, (6) device design and features, (7) financial cost, and (8) user satisfaction. While many advantages of using diabetes technology were reported, several challenges for its use were also reported, such as cost, the size and visibility of devices, and the intrusiveness of alarms, which drew attention to the fact that the user had type 1 diabetes mellitus. Continued use of diabetes technology was underpinned by its benefits outweighing its challenges, especially among younger people. iabetes technologies have improved the quality of life of many young people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their caregivers. Future design needs to consider the impact of these technologies on relationships between young people and their caregivers, and the impact of device features and characteristics such as size, ease of use, and cost.

Experiences of Young People and Their Caregivers of Using Technology to Manage Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Literature Review and Narrative Synthesis.

Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.

Date: 02-02-2021

DOI: 10.2196/20973

Abstract: In the last decade, diabetes management has begun to transition to technology-based care, with young people being the focus of many technological advances. Yet, detailed insights into the experiences of young people and their caregivers of using technology to manage type 1 diabetes mellitus are lacking. The objective of our study was to describe the breadth of experiences and perspectives on diabetes technology use among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their caregivers. This systematic literature review used integrated thematic analysis to guide a narrative synthesis of the included studies. We analyzed the perspectives and experiences of young people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their caregivers reported in qualitative studies, quantitative descriptive studies, and studies with a mixed methods design. Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria, and they included studies on insulin pump, glucose sensors, and remote monitoring systems. The following eight themes were derived from the analysis: (1) expectations of the technology prior to use, (2) perceived impact on sleep and overnight experiences, (3) experiences with alarms, (4) impact on independence and relationships, (5) perceived usage impact on blood glucose control, (6) device design and features, (7) financial cost, and (8) user satisfaction. While many advantages of using diabetes technology were reported, several challenges for its use were also reported, such as cost, the size and visibility of devices, and the intrusiveness of alarms, which drew attention to the fact that the user had type 1 diabetes mellitus. Continued use of diabetes technology was underpinned by its benefits outweighing its challenges, especially among younger people. Diabetes technologies have improved the quality of life of many young people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their caregivers. Future design needs to consider the impact of these technologies on relationships between young people and their caregivers, and the impact of device features and characteristics such as size, ease of use, and cost.

Peptide Programmed Hydrogels as Safe Sanctuary Microenvironments for Cell Transplantation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 19-12-2019

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.201900390

A weight-of-evidence approach to integrate suspended sediment source information

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2013

DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2013.05.005

Abstract: Sediment monitoring, tracing and modelling are widely used to identify suspended sediment sources. Although each method has inherent limitations and uncertainties, their integration provides opportunities to form collective knowledge and encourages robust management strategies. This paper presents a Weight-of-Evidence approach to integrate multiple Lines-of-Evidence for identifying suspended sediment sources. Three sources of evidence were used: i) stream flow and suspended sediment monitoring at river gauges ii) geochemical sediment tracing at river junctions and iii) catchment-scale suspended sediment modelling of hillslope, gully, streambank and unsealed road erosion. We applied this approach on two data-poor catchments in Australia. Some reaches were consistently identified as major sources of sediment from all Lines-of-Evidence. However, inconsistencies between the types of evidence in other areas highlighted the high uncertainty in identifying suspended sediment sources in these areas and the need for further investigation. The integration framework maximised the use of scarce information, enabled explicit consideration of uncertainties for catchment management and identified where future monitoring and research should be targeted.

An iterative method for discovering feasible management interventions and targets conjointly using uncertainty visualizations

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2015.05.017

Continuous Growth Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanocrystals with Tunable Size and Doping

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 30-09-2019

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.9B02655

From Stochastic Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticles to Nanostructured (Photo)Electrocatalysts for Renewable Power‐to‐X Applications via Scalable Flame Synthesis

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 10-12-2022

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202110020

Abstract: Environmentally friendly routes from “Power‐to‐X” (P2X) technologies to sustainably harvest and store renewable energy with net‐zero CO 2 emission are imperative. The concept of P2X relies on (photo)electrolysis of earth‐abundant molecules into value‐added products. For practical utilization, engineering robust, active, albeit inexpensive (photo)electrocatalysts via industrially compatible technologies is indeed crucial. In this context, flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) stands as an emerging approach for one‐step synthesis of ready‐to‐use (photo)electrocatalysts with production rates of Kg h ‐1 in lab‐scales. While features of FSP to engineer nanomaterials have been summarised, there is a need for more critical discussions on key factors, modulating properties of flame‐made catalysts. Therefore, this review article will first provide an overview about the concept of the P2X and catalyst development strategies. Unique characteristic of flame‐synthesized nano‐catalysts including compositions, fractal morphologies, defects, and active sites will be then critically discussed. Furthermore, a potential of FSP as an electrode‐assembly technique for one‐step preparation of catalysts on gas diffusion layers for industry‐relevant electrolyser testing will be presented. Finally, perspectives on challenges and opportunities of FSP for renewable energies will be raised. This will provide insights into the versatility and commercial viability of the FSP route for engineering novel nanostructured catalysts for renewable energy applications.

Diabetes Technology Experiences of Young People Living with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and their Parents: Hybrid Theoretical Foundation Guided Analysis

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 10-11-2021

DOI: 10.1101/2021.11.08.21265793

Abstract: An important strategy to understand young people’s needs regarding technologies for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) management is to examine their day-to-day experiences with these technologies. This study aimed to describe T1DM youth and their caregivers’ experiences and preferences regarding insulin pumps, sensor technologies, and related communication technologies based on a hybrid theoretical foundation, as well as to describe derived ideal device characteristics. Sixteen face-to-face interviews were conducted with young people and their parents. Data analysis included data-driven thematic analysis followed by theory-driven analysis (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology value sensitive design). Initial themes derived from the interviews included aspects of self-management, device use, technological characteristics, and feelings associated with device types. Interview findings were congruent with factors from the two theories. Discussions around ideal devices focused on reliability, flexibility, and automated closed loop systems that enabled an independent life for young people and alleviated parental anxiety. Reality deviated from expectations, with inaccuracy problems and technical failures reported. Technologies for diabetes self-management require continual advancement to meet the needs of young people with T1DM and their caregivers. Understanding experiences and challenges with devices enabled us to identify theory-supported device characteristics useful for the designing of improved technologies. An important strategy to understand young people’s needs and preferences regarding technologies for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) management is to examine their day-to-day experiences with these technologies. This study aimed to describe T1DM youth and their caregivers’ experiences and preferences regarding insulin pumps, sensor technologies, and related communication technologies based on a hybrid theoretical foundation, as well as to describe derived ideal device characteristics. Sixteen face-to-face interviews were conducted with young people with T1DM and their parents about their diabetes technology use. A combination of data-driven thematic analysis in a first stage, and theory-driven analysis in a second stage was used to incorporate in-depth study analysis and existing theoretical literature. Relevant literature included technology adoption (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology/UTAUT) and value sensitive design (VSD) models. Based on this approach ideal device characteristics for young people with T1DM were summarized. Initial themes derived from the interviews included aspects of diabetes self-management, device use, and specific device-related technological characteristics and feelings associated with the specific device types (continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pump, flash glucose monitoring). The interview data delivered information congruent with all UTAUT and VSD factors except for one (privacy). Discussions around ideal diabetes devices focused on reliability, flexibility, and automated closed loop systems that enabled an independent and normal life for adolescents, and alleviated parental anxiety. However, in line with the previous systematic review, the interview analysis showed that reality deviated from these expectations, with inaccuracy problems reported for continuous glucose monitoring devices, and technical failures occurring in both continuous glucose monitoring devices and insulin pumps. UTAUT and VSD approaches were found useful as a combined foundation for structuring our study findings. Technologies for diabetes self-management require continual advancement to meet the needs and expectations of young people with T1DM and their caregivers. Understanding their experiences, as well as challenges with the devices, enabled us to identify theory-supported ideal device characteristics that can be useful in the designing and developing of improved technologies.

University Of Sydney

Location: Australia

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Australian National University

Location: Australia

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Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE210100084

Start Date: 2021

End Date: 07-2023

Amount: $269,020.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Industrial Transformation Training Centres - Grant ID: IC160100040

Start Date: 05-2017

End Date: 12-2022

Amount: $3,815,143.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

ARC Future Fellowships - Grant ID: FT200100939

Start Date: 08-2021

End Date: 07-2025

Amount: $1,057,328.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE160100569

Start Date: 02-2016

End Date: 12-2019

Amount: $375,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP150101939

Start Date: 06-2015

End Date: 12-2019

Amount: $434,300.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP190101864

Start Date: 06-2019

End Date: 09-2024

Amount: $320,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP170101239

Start Date: 02-2019

End Date: 12-2023

Amount: $440,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE160100070

Start Date: 2016

End Date: 12-2017

Amount: $241,500.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP170101157

Start Date: 2019

End Date: 12-2022

Amount: $280,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE200100033

Start Date: 2020

End Date: 03-2022

Amount: $1,200,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE180100002

Start Date: 08-2018

End Date: 12-2019

Amount: $808,191.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Industrial Transformation Research Hubs - Grant ID: IH190100009

Start Date: 01-2021

End Date: 01-2026

Amount: $3,317,500.00

Funder: Australian Research Council