Michael Keough

Sperm environment affects offspring quality in broadcast spawning marine invertebrates

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 10-03-2002

DOI: 10.1046/J.1461-0248.2002.00257.X

ASYMMETRY IN INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION IN THE LIMPET CELLANA-TRAMOSERICA (SOWERBY)

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-1994

DOI: 10.1016/0022-0981(94)90147-3

Influence of small-scale patchiness on resilience of nutrient cycling to extended hypoxia in estuarine sediments

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 07-05-2012

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS09686

Responses of settling invertebrate larvae to bioorganic films: effects of different types of films

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-1995

DOI: 10.1016/0022-0981(94)00154-6

Effect of barnacles on the survival and growth of temperate mangrove seedlings

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 1999

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS181189

Competition modifies the response of organisms to toxic disturbance

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS251015

Maintenance of species dominance through pulse disturbances to a sessile marine invertebrate assemblage in Port Shelter, Hong Kong

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2002

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS226103

DYNAMICS OF THE EPIFAUNA OF THE BIVALVE PINNA-BICOLOR - INTERACTIONS AMONG RECRUITMENT, PREDATION, AND COMPETITION

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-1984

DOI: 10.2307/1938040

Evaluating the impact of predation by fish on the assemblage structure of fishes associated with seagrass (Heterozostera tasmanica) (Martens ex Ascherson) den Hartog, and unvegetated sand habitats

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2000

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(00)00289-6

Abstract: The role of fish predation in structuring assemblages of fish over unvegetated sand and seagrass was examined using enclosure and exclusion cages to manipulate the abundance of predatory fish from November 1998 to January 1999. In our exclusion experiment, piscivorous fish were excluded from patches of unvegetated sand and seagrass to measure how they altered abundances of small fishes, i.e., fish <10 cm in length. Habitats from which piscivorous fish were excluded contained more small fish than those with partial cages, which in turn contained more fish than uncaged areas. These patterns were consistent between unvegetated sand and seagrass areas, although the relative differences between predator treatments varied with habitat. Overall, small fish were more abundant in unvegetated sand than seagrass. Atherinids and syngnathids were the numerically dominant families of small fish and varied in complex ways amongst habitats and cage treatments. The abundance of atherinids varied inconsistently between cage treatments through time. Only during the final two s ling times did the abundance of atherinids vary significantly across cage treatments. Syngnathids were strongly associated with seagrass and were significantly more abundant in caged than uncaged habitats. In our enclosure experiment, five in iduals of a single species of transient piscivorous fish, Western Australian salmon (Arripidae: Arripis truttacea Cuvier), were enclosed in cages to provide an estimate of the potential for this species to impact on small fish. The abundance of small fish varied significantly between cage treatments. Small fish were more abundant in enclosure cages and exclusion cages than uncaged areas however, there was no difference in the abundance of small fish in enclosure cages and partial cages, and no difference between exclusion cages and partial cages. These patterns were consistent amongst habitats. Atherinids and syngnathids were again the numerically dominant families of small fish atherinids varied more with cage structure while syngnathids did not vary statistically between cages, blocks (locations within which a single replicate of each cage treatment was applied) or habitats. Dietary analysis of caged A. truttacea demonstrated the potential for this species to influence the assemblage structure of small fish through predation - atherinids were consumed more frequently in unvegetated sand than seagrass, and syngnathids were consumed only in seagrass, where they are most abundant. Observations of significant cage or predation effects depended strongly on the time at which s ling was undertaken. In the case of the atherinids, no predation or cage effects were observed during the first two s ling times, but cage effects and predation effects strongly influenced abundances of fish during the third and fourth s ling times, respectively. Our study suggests that transient piscivorous fish may be important in structuring assemblages of small fish in seagrass and unvegetated sand, and seagrass beds may provide a refuge to fishes. But the importance of habitat complexity and predation, in relation to the potentially confounding effects of cage structure, depends strongly on the time at which treatments are s led, and the periodicity and multiplicity of s ling should be considered in future predation studies.

Monitoring Ecological Impacts

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Date: 03-01-2002

DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511542015

Abstract: Monitoring Ecological Impacts provides the tools needed by professional ecologists, scientists, engineers, planners and managers to design assessment programs that can reliably monitor, detect and allow management of human impacts on the natural environment. The procedures described are well grounded in inferential logic, and the statistical models needed to analyse complex data are given. Step-by-step guidelines and flow diagrams provide the reader with clear and useable protocols, which can be applied in any region of the world and to a wide range of human impacts. In addition, real ex les are used to show how the theory can be put into practice. Although the context of this book is flowing water environments, especially rivers and streams, the advice for designing assessment programs can be applied to any ecosystem.

Short‐term differences in animal assemblages in patches formed by loss and growth of habitat

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 20-07-2010

DOI: 10.1111/J.1442-9993.2009.02060.X

Complex life cycles and offspring provisioning in marine invertebrates

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 06-06-2006

DOI: 10.1093/ICB/ICL013

Abstract: Offspring size can have pervasive effects throughout an organism's life history. Mothers can make either a few large or many small offspring, and the balance between these extremes is determined by the relationship between offspring size and performance. This relationship in turn is thought to be determined by the offspring's environment. Recently, it has become clear that events in one life-history stage can strongly affect performance in another. Given these strong carryover effects, we asked whether events in the larval phase can change the relationship between offspring size and performance in the adult phase. We manipulated the length of the larval period in the bryozoan Bugula neritina and then examined the relationship between offspring size and various parameters of adult performance under field conditions. We found that despite the adult stage being outplanted into identical conditions, different offspring sizes were predicted to be optimal, depending on the experience of those adults as larvae. This work highlights the fact that the strong phenotypic links between life-history stages may result in optimal offspring size being highly unpredictable for organisms with complex life cycles.

The Evolutionary Ecology of Offspring Size in Marine Invertebrates

Publisher: Elsevier

Date: 2007

DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2881(07)53001-4

Role of settlement in determining the distribution and abundance of barnacles in a temperate mangrove forest

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-1999

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00066-0

EFFECTS OF TRAMPLING ON PLANT AND ANIMAL POPULATIONS ON ROCKY SHORES

Publisher: JSTOR

Date: 09-1991

DOI: 10.2307/3545243

The Influence of Canopy Cover on the Ecological Function of A Key Autogenic Ecosystem Engineer

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 17-05-2019

DOI: 10.3390/D11050079

Abstract: Intertidal fucoid algae can function as ecosystem engineers across temperate marine regions. In this investigation, we assessed the function of the alga dominating rocky reefs in temperate Australia and New Zealand, Hormosira banksii. Invertebrate and algal species assemblages were examined within areas of full H. banksii canopy, areas where it was naturally patchy or absent (within its potential range on the shore) and areas where the intact canopy was experimentally disturbed. Differences in species assemblages were detected between areas with natural variation in H. banksii cover (full, patchy, negligible), with defined species associated with areas of full cover. Differences were also detected between experimentally manipulated and naturally patchy areas of canopy cover. Species assemblages altered in response to canopy manipulations and did not recover even twelve months after initial s ling. Both light intensity and temperature were buffered by full canopies compared to patchy canopies and exposed rock. This study allows us to predict the consequences to the intertidal community due to the loss of canopy cover, which may result from a range of disturbances such as tr ling, storm damage, sand burial and prolonged exposure to extreme temperature, and further allow for improved management of this key autogenic ecosystem engineer.

Demographic effects of fragmentation history in modular organisms: illustrated using the bryozoan Mucropetraliella ellerii (MacGillivray)

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2003

DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3800(03)00303-X

RECRUITMENT OF MARINE-INVERTEBRATES - THE ROLE OF ACTIVE LARVAL CHOICES AND EARLY MORTALITY

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 09-1982

DOI: 10.1007/BF00380003

Quantification of copper doses to settlement plates in the field using diffusive gradients in thin films

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 21-10-2002

DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00220-6

Abstract: Difficulty in estimating toxicant exposure has impeded the development of field-based experiments that examine the effects of toxicants in natural situations. In this study, diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) were used to measure doses of copper delivered to settlement plates in the field over 30 days. Measurements were made at 4 sites near Melbourne, Australia, inside and outside of two enclosed marinas, and at two times designed to coincide with periods of warmest and coolest water. Dose was initially high, but dropped off sharply over the 30-day exposure period. Dose was affected by site, with more than an order of magnitude difference in the average dose between some sites. Hydrological factors were probably mainly responsible for the differences in dose observed. Dose varied with time of year, but the effect was site specific and was probably mediated by several factors. Measurements were affected by the presence of diffusive boundary layers and fouling, and procedures designed to eliminate the effects of diffusive boundary layers and fouling were highly sensitive to analytical errors and outlying data points. Despite this, the technique was able to show that field doses were comparable to those used in laboratory tests, and that acutely toxic conditions can be generated in natural situations.

Ecological responses to contamination: A meta-analysis of experimental marine studies

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2014

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2014.09.005

Abstract: Identifying general response patterns to contamination in the environment is critical for reliable assessments of ecosystem health. However, it is not often clear if there are biases in the information used to understand general effects of contamination. To investigate this we conducted a review of 314 studies that experimentally manipulated contaminants and measured the effects on marine invertebrate taxa. The majority of studies investigated the effects of metals (54%) on in idual taxa (mainly bivalves, hipods, copepods). Ecologically relevant responses to contamination were measured in only 22% of the studies. A meta-analysis using studies that measured ecological responses to copper illustrated a general negative effect of copper and highlighted the bias towards field or laboratory experiments that measure community or in idual-level responses. There is a need for ersification of studies that investigate the ecological effects of contamination as an important advancement in ecotoxicology and ecological research and environmentally relevant risk assessments.

The Relationship between Offspring Size and Performance in the Sea

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Date: 02-2008

DOI: 10.1086/524954

Abstract: The historical focus on offspring size has been to explain variation among populations, but there have been few attempts to determine whether variation is greatest at population scale. Offspring size variation is typically viewed as an adaptive response to changes in the relationship between offspring size and performance, yet direct tests remain elusive. We partitioned natural variation in offspring size for a marine invertebrate, Watersipora subtorquata, at a range of spatial and temporal scales across southeastern Australia, and we estimated the relationship between offspring size and performance at each population and time. There was significant variation in offspring size among populations, but regional differences explained only approximately 25% of the observed variation, suggesting that there should be a greater focus on small-scale variation in offspring size. We used our data to parameterize an optimality model to generate predictions of offspring size among different populations and times. Differences in the relationship between offspring size and postmetamorphic performance (and therefore changes in size of offspring that were predicted to maximize maternal fitness) among populations and times were associated with differences in offspring sizes among those populations and times. We suggest that interpopulation variation in offspring size can be an adaptive response to local conditions, but the optimal offspring size is surprisingly dynamic.

Spatially variable effects of a marine pest on ecosystem function

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 27-10-2013

DOI: 10.1007/S00442-012-2497-3

Abstract: The broad spectrum of anthropogenic pressures on many of the world's coastal bays and estuaries rarely act in isolation, yet few studies have directly addressed the interactive effects of multiple pressures. Port Phillip Bay in southeastern Australia is a semi-enclosed bay in which nutrient management is a major concern. In recent years it has been heavily invaded by marine pests. We manipulated the density of one such invader, the European fanworm Sabella spallanzanii, and showed that it causes changes in the composition of macrofauna in the surrounding sediments, provides habitat for epibiota (both fauna and flora) on Sabella tubes, and reduces the biomass of microphytobenthos on the surrounding sediments. Of greatest concern, however, was the indirect impact on nutrient cycling. We suggest that the impacts on nutrient cycling are largely due to the feeding of Sabella and the epifauna on its tubes, capturing organic N before it reaches the sediment, excreting it back up into the water column as NH4, thereby bypassing sedimentary processes such as denitrification. Most notably, the efficiency of denitrification, the key ecosystem process that permanently removes N from the system, fell by 37-53 % in the presence of Sabella. Importantly though, this study also demonstrated significant spatial variability in fauna, geochemistry and the magnitude of Sabella effects. Given that the effect of Sabella is also likely to vary in time and with changes in density, all of these sources of variability need to be considered when incorporating the effects of Sabella in nutrient management strategies.

THE DISTRIBUTION OF A BRYOZOAN ON SEAGRASS BLADES - SETTLEMENT, GROWTH, AND MORTALITY

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 08-1986

DOI: 10.2307/1939807

Predation during early post-settlement varies in importance for shaping marine sessile communities

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 25-10-2007

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS07012

Resource distribution influences positive edge effects in a seagrass fish

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-2010

DOI: 10.1890/08-1890.1

Abstract: According to conceptual models, the distribution of resources plays a critical role in determining how organisms distribute themselves near habitat edges. These models are frequently used to achieve a mechanistic understanding of edge effects, but because they are based predominantly on correlative studies, there is need for a demonstration of causality, which is best done through experimentation. Using artificial seagrass habitat as an experimental system, we determined a likely mechanism underpinning edge effects in a seagrass fish. To test for edge effects, we measured fish abundance at edges (0-0.5 m) and interiors (0.5-1 m) of two patch configurations: continuous (single, continuous 9-m2 patches) and patchy (four discrete 1-m2 patches within a 9-m2 area). In continuous configurations, pipefish (Stigmatopora argus) were three times more abundant at edges than interiors (positive edge effect), but in patchy configurations there was no difference. The lack of edge effect in patchy configurations might be because patchy seagrass consisted entirely of edge habitat. We then used two approaches to test whether observed edge effects in continuous configurations were caused by increased availability of food at edges. First, we estimated the abundance of the major prey of pipefish, small crustaceans, across continuous seagrass configurations. Crustacean abundances were highest at seagrass edges, where they were 16% greater than in patch interiors. Second, we supplemented interiors of continuous treatment patches with live crustaceans, while control patches were supplemented with seawater. After five hours of supplementation, numbers of pipefish were similar between edges and interiors of treatment patches, while the strong edge effects were maintained in controls. This indicated that fish were moving from patch edges to interiors in response to food supplementation. These approaches strongly suggest that a numerically dominant fish species is more abundant at seagrass edges due to greater food availability, and provide experimental support for the resource distribution model as an explanation for edge effects.

Effects of settler size and density on early post-settlement survival of Ciona intestinalis in the field

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS259139

Metal forms and dynamics in urban stormwater runoff: New insights from diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) measurements

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2021.117967

Abstract: Stormwater runoff typically contains significant quantities of metal contaminants that enter urban waterways over short durations and represent a potential risk to water quality. The origin of metals within the catchment and processes that occur over the storm can control the partitioning of metals between a range of different forms. Understanding the fraction of metals present in a form that is potentially bioavailable to aquatic organisms is useful for environmental risk assessment. To help provide this information, the forms and dynamics of metal contaminants in an urban system were assessed across a storm. Temporal patterns in the concentration of metals in dissolved and particulate (total suspended solids TSS) forms were assessed from water s les, and diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGTs) were deployed to measure the DGT-labile time-integrated metal concentration. Results indicate that the concentrations of dissolved and TSS-associated metals increased during the storm, with the metals Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb and Zn representing the greatest concern relative to water quality guideline values (GVs). The portion of labile metal as measured by DGT devices indicated that during the storm a substantial fraction (∼98%) of metals were complexed and pose a lower risk of acute toxicity to aquatic organisms. Comparison of DGT results to GVs indicate that current GVs are likely quite conservative when assessing stormwater pollution risks with regards to metal contaminants. This study provides valuable insight into the forms and dynamics of metals in an urban system receiving stormwater inputs and assists with the development of improved approaches for the assessment of short-term, intermittent discharge events.

Delayed effects of larval exposure to Cu in the bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS257077

Role of physical disturbance in structuring fish assemblages in seagrass beds in Port Phillip Bay, Australia

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS251127

Variation in the response of intertidal infaunal invertebrates to nutrient additions: field manipulations at two sites within Port Phillip Bay, Australia

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS250035

Interactive effects of porewater nutrient enrichment, bioturbation and sediment characteristics on benthic assemblages in sandy sediments

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2009

DOI: 10.1016/J.JEMBE.2009.01.004

Fish Responses to Experimental Fragmentation of Seagrass Habitat

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 15-05-2009

DOI: 10.1111/J.1523-1739.2008.01130.X

VARIATION IN GROWTH-RATE AND REPRODUCTION OF THE BRYOZOAN BUGULA-NERITINA

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Date: 10-1989

DOI: 10.2307/1541942

POTENTIAL EFFECT OF ENCLOSURE SIZE ON FIELD EXPERIMENTS WITH HERBIVOROUS INTERTIDAL GASTROPODS

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 1993

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS098199

Biofouling leads to reduced shell growth and flesh weight in the cultured musselMytilus galloprovincialis

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 20-12-2012

DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2012.749869

Abstract: Competitive interactions between cultured mussels and fouling organisms may result in growth and weight reductions in mussels, and compromised aquaculture productivity. Mussel ropes were inoculated with Ciona intestinalis, Ectopleura crocea or Styela clava, and growth parameters of fouled and unfouled Mytilus galloprovincialis were compared after two months. Small mussels (≈ 50 mm) fouled by C. intestinalis and E. crocea were 4.0 and 3.2% shorter in shell length and had 21 and 13% reduced flesh weight, respectively, compared to the controls. Large mussels (≈ 68 mm) fouled by S. clava, C. intestinalis and E. crocea were 4.4, 3.9 and 2.1% shorter than control mussels, respectively, but flesh weights were not significantly reduced. A series of competitive feeding experiments indicated that S. clava and C. intestinalis did not reduce mussels' food consumption, but that E. crocea, through interference competition, did. Fouling by these species at the densities used here reduced mussel growth and flesh weight, likely resulting in economic losses for the industry, and requires consideration when developing biofouling mitigation strategies.

Behavioural variability in marine larvae

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-1990

DOI: 10.1111/J.1442-9993.1990.TB01468.X

Spatially variable synergistic effects of disturbance and additional nutrients on kelp recruitment and recovery

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 07-03-2014

DOI: 10.1007/S00442-014-2907-9

Abstract: Understanding the impact of multiple stressors on ecosystems is of pronounced importance, particularly when one or more of those stressors is anthropogenic. Here we investigated the role of physical disturbance and increased nutrients on reefs dominated by the canopy-forming kelp Ecklonia radiata. We combined experimental kelp canopy removals and additional nutrient at three different locations in a large embayment in temperate southeastern Australia. Over the following winter recruitment season, Ecklonia recruitment was unaffected by increased nutrients alone, but tripled at all sites where the canopy had been removed. At one site, the combination of disturbance and increased nutrients resulted in more than four times the recruitment of the introduced kelp Undaria pinnatifida. Six months after disturbance, the proliferation of the Undaria canopy in the canopy-removal and nutrient-addition treatment negatively influenced the recovery of the native kelp Ecklonia. Given the otherwise competitive dominance of adult Ecklonia, this provides a mechanism whereby Undaria could maintain open space for the following recruitment season. This interplay between disturbance, nutrients and the response of native and invasive species makes a compelling case for how a combination of factors can influence species dynamics.

Effects of two commonly used fungicides on the amphipod Austrochiltonia subtenuis

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-10-2016

DOI: 10.1002/ETC.3584

Abstract: Fungicides are used widely in agriculture and have been detected in adjacent rivers and wetlands. However, relatively little is known about the potential effects of fungicides on aquatic organisms. The present study investigated the effects of 2 commonly used fungicides, the boscalid fungicide Filan ® and the myclobutanil fungicide Systhane ™ 400 WP, on life history traits (survival, growth, and reproduction) and energy reserves (lipid, protein, and glycogen content) of the hipod Austrochiltonia subtenuis under laboratory conditions, at concentrations detected in aquatic environments. Amphipods were exposed to 3 concentrations of Filan (1 μg active ingredient [a.i.]/L, 10 μg a.i./L, and 40 μg a.i./L) and Systhane (0.3 μg a.i./L, 3 μg a.i./L, and 30 μg a.i./L) over 56 d. Both fungicides had similar effects on the hipod at the organism level. Reproduction was the most sensitive endpoint, with offspring produced in controls but none produced in any of the fungicide treatments, and total numbers of gravid females in all fungicide treatments were reduced by up to 95%. Female hipods were more sensitive than males in terms of growth. Systhane had significant effects on survival at all concentrations, whereas significant effects of Filan on survival were observed only at 10 μg a.i./L and 40 μg a.i./L. The effects of fungicides on energy reserves of the female hipod were different. Filan significantly reduced hipod protein content, whereas Systhane significantly reduced the lipid content. The present study demonstrates wide‐ranging effects of 2 common fungicides on an ecologically important species that has a key role in trophic transfer and nutrient recycling in aquatic environments. These results emphasize the importance of considering the long‐term effects of fungicides in the risk assessment of aquatic ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017 :720–726. © 2016 SETAC

DISPERSAL AND POPULATION VARIATION IN THE BRYOZOAN BUGULA-NERITINA

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-1987

DOI: 10.2307/1938820

Capacity of a temperate intertidal seagrass species to tolerate changing environmental conditions: Significance of light and tidal exposure

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2017

DOI: 10.1016/J.ECOLIND.2017.04.056

Effects of Sabella spallanzanii physical structure on soft sediment macrofaunal assemblages

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2006

DOI: 10.1071/MF05141

Abstract: Effective management of introduced species requires an understanding of their effects on native species and the processes that structure the habitat. The introduced European polychaete Sabella spallanzanii dominates epifaunal assemblages in south-eastern Australia, yet little is known about how it affects the structure of the surrounding assemblages. The present study investigated the differences between infaunal assemblages in the presence and absence of S. spallanzanii using clumps of real and mimic polychaetes. Both the real and mimic clumps had the same effect on an existing assemblage with fewer numbers of small crustaceans in the sediment under the clumps. The effects of S. spallanzanii on infaunal colonisation and larval abundances above and below the S. spallanzanii canopy were also investigated. Larval effects varied among taxa, depending on position (above and below the canopy) for bivalve larvae and presence/absence of S. spallanzanii for gastropod larvae. There was no effect of the S. spallanzanii clumps on infaunal colonisation. These results suggest that the effects of S. spallanzanii on larval abundances and colonisation may not be as significant as the effects on post-colonisation processes that structure macrofaunal assemblages in soft sediment habitats.

Invasion patterns inferred from cytochrome oxidase I sequences in three bryozoans, Bugula neritina, Watersipora subtorquata, and Watersipora arcuata

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 06-01-2006

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-005-0196-X

Offspring size effects in the marine environment: A field test for a colonial invertebrate

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-2005

DOI: 10.1111/J.1442-9993.2005.01463.X

Phenotype–environment mismatches reduce connectivity in the sea

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 21-12-2009

DOI: 10.1111/J.1461-0248.2009.01408.X

Abstract: The connectivity of marine populations is often surprisingly lower than predicted by the dispersal capabilities of propagules alone. Estimates of connectivity, moreover, do not always scale with distance and are sometimes counterintuitive. Population connectivity requires more than just the simple exchange of settlers among populations: it also requires the successful establishment and reproduction of exogenous colonizers. Marine organisms often disperse over large spatial scales, encountering very different environments and suffering extremely high levels of post-colonization mortality. Given the growing evidence that such selection pressures often vary over spatial scales that are much smaller than those of dispersal, we argue that selection will bias survival against exogenous colonizers. We call this selection against exogenous colonizers a phenotype-environment mismatch and argue that phenotype-environment mismatches represent an important barrier to connectivity in the sea. Crucially, these mismatches may operate independently of distance and thereby have the potential to explain the counterintuitive patterns of connectivity often seen in marine environments. We discuss how such mismatches might alter our understanding and management of marine populations.

Organic pollution and its effects: a short-term transplant experiment to assess the ability of biological endpoints to detect change in a soft sediment environment

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2002

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS225109

Identification of microplastics in surface water and Australian freshwater shrimp Paratya australiensis in Victoria, Australia

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2019.113865

Abstract: Compared to marine microplastics research, few studies have bio-monitored microplastics in inland waters. It is also important to understand the microplastics' uptake and their potential risks to freshwater species. The Australian glass shrimp Paratya australiensis (Family: Atyidae) is commonly found in fresh waterbodies in eastern Australia, and are sensitive to anthropogenic stressors but have a wide tolerance range to the natural environmental conditions. This study aimed to understand the microplastics' occurrence and types in water s les and the shrimp P. australiensis, and identify if the shrimp could be a suitable bioindicator for microplastic pollution. Surface water and P. australiensis across ten urban and rural freshwater sites in Victoria were s led. In total, 30 water s les and 100 shrimp were analysed for microplastic content, and shrimp body weights and sizes were also recorded. Microplastics were picked, photographed and identified using FT-IR microscopy: in water s les, 57.9% of items including suspect items were selected to identify all microplastics found in shrimp s les were identified. Microplastics were present in the surface waters of all sites, with an average abundance of 0.40 ± 0.27 items/L. A total of 36% of shrimp contained microplastics with an average of 0.52 ± 0.55 items/ind (24 ± 31 items/g). Fibre was the most common shape, and blue was the most frequent colour in both water and shrimp s les. The dominant plastic types were polyester in water s les, and rayon in shrimp s les. Even though results from this study show a relatively low concentration of microplastics in water s les in comparison with global studies, it is worth noticing that microplastics were regularly detected in fresh waterbodies in Victoria, Australia. Compared with water s les, shrimp contained a wider variety of plastic types, suggesting they may potentially behave as passive s lers of microplastics pollution in freshwater environments.

An investigation of the indirect effects of intertidal shellfish collection

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-1998

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(97)00150-0

Does Polymorphism Predict Physiological Connectedness? A Test Using Two Encrusting Bryozoans

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Date: 12-2010

DOI: 10.1086/BBLV219N3P220

The variability of estimates of variance, and its effect on power analysis in monitoring design

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 2002

DOI: 10.1023/A:1014280405278

Abstract: Power analysis can be a valuable aid in the design of monitoring programs. It requires an estimate of variance, which may come from a pilot study or an existing study in a similar habitat. For marine benthic infauna, natural variation in abundances can be considerable, raising the question of reliability of variance estimates. We used two existing monitoring programs to generate multiple estimates of variance. These estimates were found to differ from nominated best estimates by 50% or more in 43% of cases, in turn leading to under or over-estimation of s le size in the design of a notional monitoring program. The two studies, from the same general area, using the same s ling methods and spanning a similar time scale, gave estimates varying by more than an order of magnitude for 25% of taxa. We suggest that pilot studies for ecological monitoring programs of marine infauna should include at least two s ling times.

Fine‐scale spatial and temporal variations in diets of the pipefish Stigmatopora nigra within seagrass patches

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 16-05-2011

DOI: 10.1111/J.1095-8649.2011.02977.X

Abstract: Diets of the pipefish Stigmatopora nigra were analysed to determine if food availability was causing S. nigra to distribute according to habitat edge effects. Gut analysis found little difference in the diets of S. nigra at the edge and interior of seagrass patches, regardless of time of day or season. Fish diets did, however, vary with seagrass density: S. nigra in denser seagrass consumed more harpacticoid copepods and fewer planktonic copepods. The lack of difference in prey eaten by S. nigra at the edge and interior of patches suggests either that food was not determining S. nigra distribution patterns within patches or that differences in fish densities across patches meant that relative fish-prey densities were similar at edge and interior positions. Alternatively, any edge effects in diet might be masked by gradients in seagrass structure.

KIN-RECOGNITION AND THE SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION OF LARVAE OF THE BRYOZOAN BUGULA-NERITINA (L)

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 1984

DOI: 10.2307/2408553

Rigorous ecology needs rigorous statistics

Publisher: CRC Press

Date: 30-06-2023

DOI: 10.1201/9781003314332-4

Spatial variation in reproductive effort of a southern Australian seagrass

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.MARENVRES.2016.08.010

Abstract: In marine environments characterised by habitat-forming plants, the relative allocation of resources into vegetative growth and flowering is an important indicator of plant condition and hence ecosystem health. In addition, the production and abundance of seeds can give clues to local resilience. Flowering density, seed bank, biomass and epiphyte levels were recorded for the temperate seagrass Zostera nigricaulis in Port Phillip Bay, south east Australia at 14 sites chosen to represent several regions with different physicochemical conditions. Strong regional differences were found within the large bay. Spathe and seed density were very low in the north of the bay (3 sites), low in the centre of the bay (2 sites) intermediate in the Outer Geelong Arm (2 sites), high in Swan Bay (2 sites) and very high in the Inner Geelong Arm (3 sites). In the south (2 sites) seed density was low and spathe density was high. These regional patterns were largely consistent for the 5 sites s led over the three year period. Timing of flowering was consistent across sites, occurring from August until December with peak production in October, except during the third year of monitoring when overall densities were lower and peaked in November. Seagrass biomass, epiphyte load, canopy height and stem density showed few consistent spatial and temporal patterns. Variation in spathe and seed density and morphology across Port Phillip Bay reflects varying environmental conditions and suggests that northern sites may be restricted in their ability to recover from disturbance through sexual reproduction. In contrast, sites in the west and south of the bay have greater potential to recover from disturbances due to a larger seed bank and these sites could act as source populations for sites where seed production is low.

Disturbance type and intensity combine to affect resilience of an intertidal community

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 24-11-2016

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS11861

Testing the effects of nutrient additions on mudflat macroinfaunal assemblages in the presence and absence of shorebird predators

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.1071/MF02157

Abstract: An issue that is of increasing concern worldwide relates to the possibility that areas subject to conservation agreements, owing to the resident and migratory bird populations they support, will be adversely affected by attempts to reduce organic inputs into nearshore environments. In the present study, we investigated the effects of nutrient additions and shorebird exclusion on the infaunal assemblages of an intertidal mudflat. Where responses to nutrient additions were observed they only occurred in the high-dose treatments, indicating that a high nutrient loading is required before infaunal responses are initiated at this site. There was no evidence to support the idea that nutrient additions would only stimulate macroinfaunal assemblages where shorebird foraging was reduced. Instead, nutrient additions were detectable separately from any effects of shorebird predation and, contrary to expectations, appeared to be of more importance than shorebird predation in this environment. There was also no evidence to suggest that shorebird predation has a strong interaction with the infaunal prey assemblage and, although further studies will be needed to support this statement, it is possible that moderate changes in nutrient status will not impact on the shorebird populations at this site.

Effects of early recruits on temperate sessile marine community composition depend on other species recruiting at the time

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 06-02-2013

DOI: 10.1007/S00442-013-2597-8

Abstract: In many environments recruitment of dispersive propagules (e.g. seeds, spores and larvae) can vary from situations when particular taxa recruit in relative isolation to times when they recruit simultaneously with other, functionally quite different taxa. Differences in the identity and density of recruiting taxa can have important consequences on community structure, but it is still not clear how the effects of in idual taxa on communities are modified when they recruit together with other species. Using an experimental approach we compared early development of a temperate marine sessile community after the recruitment of mixtures of botryllid ascidians and barnacles to that when barnacles or botryllid ascidians recruited alone. Communities exposed to recruitment of botryllid ascidians in isolation differed from those that received barnacles, a mixture of botryllids and barnacles or no recruitment in 2-week-old communities. These early differences were driven by higher abundances of the species that were present as initial recruits in experimental treatments. After 2 months communities also differed between barnacle and mixed recruitment treatments but not mixed and botryllid or botryllid and barnacle treatments. These differences were not directly due to differences in the abundances of our manipulated taxa but occurred because of two abundant arborescent bryozoans, Bugula dentata, which occupied more space in communities that initially received mixed recruitment than in those that received barnacle or no recruitment, and Zoobotryon verticillatum, which occupied more space in communities that initially received only barnacle recruitment than those that initially received botryllid or mixed recruitment. These effects did not persist, and communities did not differ after 6 months. These results suggest that, more generally, species may influence community dynamics differently when they recruit alongside other species than when they recruit in relative isolation.

Rapid invertebrate responses to macroalgal wrack: two novel field experiments on intertidal mudflats in Southern Australia

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-09-2016

DOI: 10.1111/MAEC.12391

Impacts of two introduced suspension feeders in Port Phillip Bay, Australia

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2007

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS340041

Contrasting effects of variable species recruitment on marine sessile communities

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-2012

DOI: 10.1890/11-1390.1

Abstract: The species composition, density, and frequency of recruitment into any given habitat are highly variable in most biological systems that rely on dispersive propagules (larvae, seeds, spores, etc.). There are few direct experimental studies of how recruitment variation between single species influences the composition and assembly of whole communities in many of these systems. We manipulated recruitment of a variety of single taxa and followed their effects on the subsequent development of hard-substrate communities of sessile animals living in temperate marine waters. The effects of recruitment on communities were complex. Patterns of recruitment of in idual species influenced community structure, but these effects varied greatly depending on the identity of species recruits, the time of community development, and location across three different sites. Variable recruitment of arborescent bryozoans and didemnid ascidians had little effect on community structure. At one site, recruitment of the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri had short-lived effects on community structure, while barnacles had more persistent effects. At another site, recruitment of B. schlosseri and the bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata had strong persistent effects on community structure, dominating space where they recruited and influencing the abundances of a variety of different taxa. Differences in the effects of species recruitment on communities appear to be caused by differences between the ecology and life history of recruiting species as well as differences in background processes between sites. These results demonstrate that discrete recruitment events that vary between single species can be important drivers of community composition but are likely to be heavily influenced by the local environment, even within a single species.

RESOURCE COMPETITION AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE - TILMAN,D

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-1983

DOI: 10.2307/1939987

Experimental design and statistical analysis in aquatic live animal radiotracing studies: A systematic review

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 18-03-2022

DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2021.1899551

Effects of pulse versus steady recruitment on sessile marine communities

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 04-03-2012

DOI: 10.1007/S00442-012-2284-1

Abstract: Variation in patterns of propagule establishment (recruitment) has important effects on population dynamics and the structure of some communities. Most experimental studies have varied recruitment by changing the nature of a single event early in community development, but recruitment can also vary from steady rates of arrival to highly episodic 'pulse' events, causing differences in the temporal spacing of in iduals recruiting into patches. We examined whether two different temporal patterns of recruitment of sessile invertebrates affected temperate marine communities in southeastern Australia in two experiments that were run at different times at the same site and that manipulated several different species. Target species entered communities as either a single pulse of recruits within a 2-week period or steady input of the same total number of recruits over a longer time period (5-6 weeks). The pattern of recruitment had variable effects on community structure. The colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri did not have a strong influence on community structure whether it recruited in a single pulse or steadily. The cover of B. schlosseri was higher when recruitment occurred as a single pulse. In a second experiment, botryllid ascidians caused changes in the composition of communities when they recruited steadily compared to when they did not recruit or didemnids recruited, but caused no differences in communities when they recruited in a shorter pulse. In contrast, recruitment frequency of didemnid ascidians had little effect, though their presence/absence caused community differences. Though we found that different temporal recruitment patterns can alter community composition, the life history and ecology of particular taxa as well as differences in environmental background processes are likely to influence the strength of these effects.

Responses to damage in an arborescent bryozoan: Effects of injury location

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-2005

DOI: 10.1016/J.JEMBE.2005.04.008

Effects of an introduced polychaete, Sabella spallanzanii, on the development of epifaunal assemblages

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2002

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS236137

Responses of settling invertebrate larvae to bioorganic films: Effects of large-scale variation in films

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-1996

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(96)02632-9

Small-scale dynamics of secondary dispersal in a seagrass associated fish: a caging study

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2004

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS272271

Sources of variation in larval quality for free-spawning marine invertebrates: Egg size and the local sperm environment

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 09-2003

DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2003.9652554

Pulse Disturbances to the Colonization of Hard-substrates and in situ Determination of Copper using Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT): Quantifying Dose and Response in the Field

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 10-2003

DOI: 10.1080/08927010310001612036

Abstract: Studies conducted in Port Philip Bay, Victoria, Australia are described that examined the effect of experimentally elevated copper concentrations on the recruitment of epifauna to settlement plates. Simultaneous measurement of the copper concentration using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) allowed direct comparisons to be made between the labile copper concentration measured at the settlement surface, and the biological effects observed. Copper concentrations created by the field dosing technique were between 20-30 micrograms l-1 for the first 2 d, but then dropped considerably for the following 4 d (3 micrograms l-1), and were indistinguishable from background for the final 7 d. The first 2 d of a copper pulse reduced the recruitment of barnacles, ascidians, serpulid worms, an encrusting bryozoan, and didemnid ascidians. The impacts occurred despite the copper pulse being much less than published LC50 values for similar species. The impacts were no longer obvious by day 7 or 14, having been obscured by either high mortality of early settlers, or large settlement events that took place after day 2. Thus the greatest impact of the pollution event occurred during the period of highest toxicant concentration. The value of this study lies in the correlation of toxicity effects with bio-available metal concentrations under realistic (natural, in situ) conditions.

Increased larval planktonic duration and post-recruitment competition influence survival and growth of the bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 02-07-2015

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS11339

Does size predict demographic fate? Modular demography and constraints on growth determine response to decreases in size

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-2009

DOI: 10.1890/08-1745.1

Abstract: The modular construction of many plants and animals defies conventional approaches to the study of life histories and population dynamics. An important complication of modular construction is that in iduals can rapidly decrease in size when some modules are removed or die or when an in idual fragments. Most attempts to describe life histories and population dynamics of modular organisms classify in iduals according to their size. This approach relies on the fundamental assumption that fragmentation and module loss have no consequences for an in idual apart from a simple decrease in size. Here we experimentally test this assumption. Using a modular marine invertebrate, the encrusting bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata , as a model species, we manipulated colony size and then assessed performance against three potential explanatory models based on size, age, and damage. In a second experiment we disrupted the internal modular demography of colonies to determine whether the performance of a fragment is influenced by the type of modules that remain. Finally, we investigated how constraints on growth in modular organisms uniquely influence growth after module loss. We found that single‐state variables such as size or age do not describe performance in our species. Internal constraints substantially reduce growth after a decrease in size, and the age of modules that remain determines the timing of reproductive onset and fecundity. A knowledge of the size history of in iduals, including any decreases in size, is necessary to accurately describe life histories and population dynamics in this modular organism. Our results have major consequences for established methods for modeling the demography of modular organisms.

When the going gets rough: effect of maternal size manipulation on larval quality

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2004

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS272301

Introduced and cryptogenic species in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 2004

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-003-1173-X

Seagrass Viviparous Propagules as a Potential Long-Distance Dispersal Mechanism

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 02-07-2015

DOI: 10.1007/S12237-014-9850-1

Does interspecific competition affect offspring provisioning

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-2009

DOI: 10.1890/08-0320.1

Abstract: Offspring size is one of the most well-studied life-history traits, yet it is remarkable that few field studies have examined the manner in which the relationship between offspring size and performance (and thus, optimal offspring size) is affected by the local environment. Furthermore, while offspring size appears to be plastic in a range of organisms, few studies have linked changes in offspring size to changes in the relationship between offspring size and performance in the field. Interspecific competition is a major ecological force in both terrestrial and marine environments, but we have little understanding of its role in shaping selection on offspring size. Here we examine the effect of interspecific competition on the relationship between offspring size and performance in the field for the marine bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata along the south coast of Australia. Both interspecific competition and offspring size had strong effects on the post-metamorphic performance of offspring in the field, but importantly, they acted independently. While interspecific competition did not affect the offspring size-performance relationship, mothers experiencing competition still produced larger offspring than mothers that did not experience competition. Because larger offspring are more dispersive in this species, increasing offspring size may represent a maternal strategy whereby mothers produce more dispersive offspring when they experience high competition themselves. This study shows that, while offspring size is plastic in this species, post-metamorphic factors alone may not determine the size of offspring that mothers produce.

Effects of two marinas on the composition of fouling assemblages

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 11-2000

DOI: 10.1080/08927010009378457

Microhabitats can be recruitment refuges and sinks

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 12-09-2019

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS13070

Field assessment of effects of timing and frequency of copper pulses on settlement of sessile marine invertebrates

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 12-12-2000

DOI: 10.1007/S002270000420

THE ECOLOGY OF TEMPERATE REEFS

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-1990

DOI: 10.1111/J.1442-9993.1990.TB01463.X

Response to “Comment on ‘Seagrass Viviparous Propagules as a Potential Long-Distance Dispersal Mechanism’ by A. C. G. Thomson et al”

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 19-10-2016

DOI: 10.1007/S12237-015-0040-6

Improvements and cost-effective measures to the automated intermittent water renewal system for toxicity testing with sediments

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2018

DOI: 10.1016/J.ECOENV.2017.12.051

Abstract: The push to make bioassays more sensitive has meant an increased duration of testing to look at more chronic endpoints. To conduct these longer bioassays through the use of traditional bioassay methods can be difficult, as many traditional bioassays have employed manual water changes, which take considerable time and effort. To that end, static-renewal systems were designed to provide researchers a technique to ease the manual water change burden. One of the most well-known static-renewal designs, the static intermittent renewal system (STIR) was produced by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in 1993. This system is still being used in laboratories across the globe today. However, these initial designs have become rather dated as new technologies and methods have been developed that make these systems easier to build and operate. The following information details changes to the initial design and a proof of concept experiment with the benthic invertebrate, Chironomus tepperi, to validate the modifications to the original system.

Niche Differentiation of Ammonia-Oxidising Archaea (AOA) and Bacteria (AOB) in Response to Paper and Pulp Mill Effluent

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 22-02-2014

DOI: 10.1007/S00248-014-0376-7

Abstract: Sediment organic loading has been shown to affect estuarine nitrification and denitrification, resulting in changes to sediment biogeochemistry and nutrient fluxes detrimental to estuarine health. This study examined the effects of organic loading on nutrient fluxes and microbial communities in sediments receiving effluent from a paper and pulp mill (PPM) by applying microcosm studies and molecular microbial ecology techniques. Three sites near the PPM outfall were compared to three control sites, one upstream and two downstream of the outfall. The control sites showed coupled nitrification-denitrification with minimal ammonia release from the sediment. In contrast, the impacted sites were characterised by nitrate uptake and substantial ammonia efflux from the sediments, consistent with a decoupling of nitrification and denitrification. Analysis of gene ersity demonstrated that the composition of nitrifier communities was not significantly different at the impacted sites compared to the control sites however, analysis of gene abundance indicated that whilst there was no difference in total bacteria, total archaea or ammonia-oxidising archaea (AOA) abundance between the control and impacted sites, there was a significant reduction in ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB) at the impacted sites. The results of this study demonstrate an effect of organic loading on estuarine sediment biogeochemistry and highlight an apparent niche differentiation between AOA and AOB.

Roles of larval supply and behavior in determining settlement of barnacles in a temperate mangrove forest

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2001

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(01)00251-9

Abstract: Recruitment is often a major influence on the spatial distribution of populations of benthic marine invertebrates, but the contributions of different components of recruitment are not well known, with the added complication that the relative importance of various life-history processes may be scale-dependent. Previously, we have shown that over a large scale across a mangrove (Avicennia marina) forest in southeastern Australia, settlement of the barnacle Elminius covertus explained its patterns of recruitment, which in turn explained the distribution of adults on mangrove pneumatophores. Post-settlement mortality had little influence on this pattern. In contrast, small-scale vertical distributions of adult barnacles along in idual pneumatophores were determined by the pattern of recruitment, which differed from the pattern of settlement, so post-settlement mortality determined the vertical patterns of adults.In this study, we tested whether larval supply and/or settlement behavior influence the observed settlement patterns of E. covertus across a forest (from seaward to landward zones). We also tested whether larval supply could explain the vertical settlement patterns along the pneumatophores. A pumping system was used to collect cypris larvae from seaward, mid and landward zones of a mangrove forest and an adjacent, unvegetated shore and from three heights above the sediment surface. We also used transplantation of wooden stakes bearing microbial films and barnacle recruits between horizontal zones of the forest to determine whether settlement was influenced by these films or recruits.Both cyprid supply and cyprid behavior were important factors in determining the patterns of settlement of E. covertus across the forest. Cyprid supply was a result of three-fold differences in immersion times of different (landward, mid and seaward) zones across the forest and a decrease in density of cyprids in the water column from the seaward zone of the forest to the landward sections. In the absence of mangroves immediately adjacent to the forest, there was no temporally consistent difference in cyprid density across the shore and even the differences in immersion time did not produce consistent differences in cyprid supply across the shore. Wooden substrata that had been immersed at seaward sections of the forest attracted consistently more settlers than substrata immersed initially at other sections of the forest and settlement could be induced beyond the normal distribution of adults of E. covertus by stakes transplanted from the seaward zone.The vertical settlement pattern could not be explained by the supply of cyprids, suggesting that larval behavior must determine the vertical settlement pattern.

Variable effects of larval size on post-metamorphic performance in the field

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2004

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS279073

Responses of settling invertebrate larvae to the presence of established recruits

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-1998

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(98)00073-2

Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Date: 21-03-2002

DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511806384

LARVAL SETTLEMENT IN HARD SUBSTRATUM EPIFAUNAL ASSEMBLAGES - A MANIPULATIVE FIELD-STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF SUBSTRATUM FILMING AND THE PRESENCE OF INCUMBENTS

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-1994

DOI: 10.1016/0022-0981(94)90126-0

More severe disturbance regimes drive the shift of a kelp forest to a sea urchin barren in south-eastern Australia

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 09-07-2020

DOI: 10.1038/S41598-020-67962-Y

Abstract: Climate change is influencing the frequency and severity of extreme events. This means that systems are experiencing novel or altered disturbance regimes, making it difficult to predict and manage for this impact on ecosystems. While there is established theory regarding how the frequency of disturbance influences ecosystems, how this interacts with severity of disturbance is difficult to tease apart, as these two are inherently linked. Here we investigated a subtidal kelp ( Ecklonia radiata ) dominated community in southern Australia to assess how different disturbance regimes might drive changes to a different ecosystem state: sea urchin barrens. Specifically, we compared how the frequency of disturbance (single or triple disturbance events over a three month period) influenced recruitment and community dynamics, when the net severity of disturbance was the same (single disturbance compared to triple disturbances each one-third as severe). We crossed this design with two different net severities of disturbance (50% or 100%, kelp canopy removal). The frequency of disturbance effect depended on the severity of disturbance. When 50% of the canopy was removed, the highest kelp recruitment and recovery of the benthic community occurred with the triple disturbance events. When disturbance was a single event or the most severe (100% removal), kelp recruitment was low and the kelp canopy failed to recover over 18 months. The latter case led to shifts in the community composition from a kelp bed to a sea-urchin barren. This suggests that if ecosystems experience novel or more severe disturbance scenarios, this can lead to a decline in ecosystem condition or collapse.

Variation in the dispersal potential of non-feeding invertebrate larvae: the desperate larva hypothesis and larval size

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS255145

No detectable impact of small-scale disturbances on ‘blue carbon’ within seagrass beds

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 02-11-2014

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-014-2558-8

The role of passive transport and the influence of vertical migration on the pre-settlement distribution of a temperate, demersal fish:numerical model predictions compared with field sampling

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 1999

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS184259

OCCUPATION OF PATCHES IN THE EPIFAUNAL COMMUNITIES ON PIER PILINGS AND THE BIVALVE PINNA-BICOLOR AT EDITHBURGH, SOUTH-AUSTRALIA

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 02-1981

DOI: 10.1007/BF00346998

Toxicological effects of fungicide mixtures on the amphipod Austrochiltonia subtenuis

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 21-04-2017

DOI: 10.1002/ETC.3809

Abstract: Approaches to assess the toxicity of mixtures often use predictive models with acute mortality as an endpoint at relatively high concentrations. However, these approaches do not reflect realistic situations where organisms could be exposed to chemical mixtures over long periods at low concentrations at which no significant mortalities occur. The present study investigated chronic effects of 2 common fungicides, Filan® (active ingredient [a.i]) boscalid) and Systhane™ (a.i. myclobutanil), on the hipod Austrochiltonia subtenuis at environmentally relevant concentrations under laboratory conditions. Sexually mature hipods were exposed singly and in combination to Filan (1, 10, and 40 μg a.i./L) and Systhane (3 μg a.i./L) over 28 d. Survival, growth, a wide range of reproduction endpoints, and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity were measured at the end of the experiment. Both fungicides had significant independent effects on male growth, sex ratio, and juvenile size. Filan mainly affected female growth and the number of embryos per gravid female, whereas Systhane mainly affected the time for females to become gravid. The combined effects of these fungicides on numbers of gravid females and juveniles were antagonistic, causing a 61% reduction in the number of gravid females and a 77% reduction in the number of juveniles produced at the highest concentrations (40 μg a.i./L of boscalid and 3 μg a.i./L of myclobutanil) compared with the controls. There were no significant effects on survival or GST activity. The present study demonstrated that the effects of mixtures were endpoint dependent and that using a variety of endpoints should be considered for a comprehensive understanding of mixture effects. Also, chronic studies are more informative than acute studies for environmentally relevant fungicide concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017 :2651-2659. © 2017 SETAC.

OFFSPRING SIZE AFFECTS THE POST-METAMORPHIC PERFORMANCE OF A COLONIAL MARINE INVERTEBRATE

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-2003

DOI: 10.1890/02-0311

Measures of taxonomic distinctness do not reliably assess anthropogenic impacts on intertidal mollusc communities

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 26-08-2010

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS08713

PATTERNS OF RECRUITMENT OF SESSILE INVERTEBRATES IN 2 SUBTIDAL HABITATS

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 1983

DOI: 10.1016/0022-0981(83)90162-4

Variability in abundances of fishes associated with seagrass habitats in relation to diets of predatory fishes

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 19-05-2000

DOI: 10.1007/S002270050732

Impact of an exotic clam, Corbula gibba, on the commercial scallop Pecten fumatus in Port Phillip Bay, south-east Australia: evidence of resource-restricted growth in a subtidal environment

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2001

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS221135

Early recruitment variation and an established dominant alter the composition of a temperate fouling community

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 12-07-2013

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS10351

Microsatellite primer development for the seagrass Zostera nigricaulis (Zosteraceae)

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 03-02-2013

DOI: 10.1007/S12686-013-9862-3

Resolving the False-negative Issues of the Nonpolar Organic Amendment in Whole-sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluations

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-02-2018

DOI: 10.1002/ETC.4067

Abstract: Three common false-negative scenarios have been encountered with amendment addition in whole-sediment toxicity identification evaluations (TIEs): dilution of toxicity by amendment addition (i.e., not toxic enough), not enough amendment present to reduce toxicity (i.e., too toxic), and the amendment itself elicits a toxic response (i.e., secondary amendment effect). One such amendment in which all 3 types of false-negatives have been observed is with the nonpolar organic amendment (activated carbon or powdered coconut charcoal). The objective of the present study was to reduce the likelihood of encountering false-negatives with this amendment and to increase the value of the whole-sediment TIE bioassay. To do this, the present study evaluated the effects of various activated carbon additions to survival, growth, emergence, and mean development rate of Chironomus tepperi. Using this information, an alternative method for this amendment was developed which utilized a combination of multiple amendment addition ratios based on wet weight (1%, lower likelihood of the secondary amendment effect 5%, higher reduction of contaminant) and nonconventional endpoints (emergence, mean development rate). This alternative method was then validated in the laboratory (using spiked sediments) and with contaminated field sediments. Using these multiple activated carbon ratios in combination with additional endpoints (namely, emergence) reduced the likelihood of all 3 types of false-negatives and provided a more sensitive evaluation of risk. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018 :1219-1230. © 2017 SETAC.

Intraspecific co-variation between egg and body size affects fertilisation kinetics of free-spawning marine invertebrates

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2000

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS195305

Larval activity levels and delayed metamorphosis affect post-larval performance in the colonial ascidian Diplosoma listerianum

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS246153

Variability in the numbers of post-settlement King George whiting (Sillaginidae: Sillaginodes punctata, Cuvier) in relation to predation, habitat complexity and artificial cage structure

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2002

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(01)00368-9

Evidence for secondary planktonic transport of post‐larvae of seagrass‐associated King George whiting

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 27-04-2004

DOI: 10.1111/J.0022-1112.2004.00387.X

EFFECTS OF PATCH SIZE ON THE ABUNDANCE OF SESSILE MARINE-INVERTEBRATES

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 04-1984

DOI: 10.2307/1941405

Ruinous resident: the hydroid Ectopleura crocea negatively affects suspended culture of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 17-01-2013

DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2012.752465

Abstract: Hydroids are major biofouling organisms in global aquaculture. Colonies of the hydroid Ectopleura crocea have recently established in Australian commercial mussel leases culturing Mytilus galloprovincialis. This study examined the impacts of E. crocea on mussel culture at two stages of the production cycle: spatfall and grow-out. Hydroids most commonly fouled the body, edge and dorsal regions of the mussel shell and cause a reduction in the length (4%) and weight (23%) of juvenile mussels. They also consumed mussel larvae in the field and in the laboratory. Prey numbers of many taxa, including mussel larvae, were consistent in natural hydroid diets regardless of the temporal variation in prey availability, implying some selectivity in hydroid feeding. In the laboratory, E. crocea consumed settling plantigrade mussel larvae more readily than trochophore or veliger larvae. Fouling by E. crocea is detrimental to mussel condition, and may affect the availability of wild mussel larvae in the commercial culture of M. galloprovincialis.

Edge patterns in aquatic invertebrates explained by predictive models

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2010

DOI: 10.1071/MF09072

Abstract: Predictive frameworks for understanding and describing how animals respond to habitat fragmentation, particularly across edges, have been largely restricted to terrestrial systems. Abundances of zooplankton and meiofauna were measured across seagrass–sand edges and the patterns compared with predictive models of edge effects. Artificial seagrass patches were placed on bare sand, and zooplankton and meiofauna were s led with tube traps at five positions (from patch edges: 12, 60 and 130 cm into seagrass and 12 and 60 cm onto sand). Position effects consisted of the following three general patterns: (1) increases in abundance around the seagrass–sand edge (total abundance and cumaceans) (2) declining abundance from seagrass onto sand (calanoid copepods, harpacticoid copepods and hipods) and (3) increasing abundance from seagrass onto sand (crustacean nauplii and bivalve larvae). The first two patterns are consistent with resource-distribution models, either as higher resources at the confluence of adjacent habitats or supplementation of resources from high-quality to low-quality habitat. The third pattern is consistent with reductions in zooplankton abundance as a consequence of predation or attenuation of currents by seagrass. The results show that predictive models of edge effects can apply to aquatic animals and that edges are important in structuring zooplankton and meiofauna assemblages in seagrass.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE NUDIBRANCH MADRELLA-SANGUINEA AND ITS BROADLY-DISTRIBUTED PREY, THE BRYOZOAN MUCROPETRALIELLA-ELLERII

Publisher: No publisher found

Date: 1991

DOI: 10.1093/MOLLUS/57.SUPPLEMENT\_PART\_4.23

Methods to prevent and treat biofouling in shellfish aquaculture

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.AQUACULTURE.2019.02.071

The contributions of habitat structure and larval supply to broad-scale recruitment variability in a temperate zone, seagrass-associated fish

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-1998

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(97)00255-4

DEVELOPMENT OF WHOLE-SEDIMENT TOXICITY IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION (TIE) TECHNIQUES FOR TWO AUSTRALIAN FRESHWATER SPECIES: CHIRONOMUS TEPPERI AND AUSTROCHILTONIA SUBTENUIS

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 14-04-2017

DOI: 10.1002/ETC.3787

Abstract: Most of the public literature and available guidance documents on the conduct of freshwater whole-sediment toxicity identification and evaluations (TIEs) detail the use of test organisms and amending agents that are readily available in North America. These commonly used test organisms and the supported amending agents, however, are not available and largely inappropriate (i.e., not native species) for conducting whole-sediment TIEs outside of North America. The overall objective of the present study was to build foundational methods for performing freshwater whole-sediment TIEs in Australia. We examined the capability of 3 amending agents: ANZ38 Zeolite (for ammonia Castle Mountain Zeolites), Oxpure 325B-9 Activated Carbon (for nonpolar organics Oxbow Activated Carbon), and Lewatit MonoPlus TP 207 (for cationic metals Lanxess Deutschland) on 2 Australian native freshwater species: the midge Chironomus tepperi and the hipod Austrochiltonia subtenuis. To evaluate the effectiveness of each amendment, bioassays were conducted with spiked sediments of ammonia, permethrin (as part of a commercial formulation), and copper using acute median lethal concentrations (LC50s) for both species and growth median effect concentration (EC50) of midges as the endpoints of interest. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017 :2476-2484. © 2017 SETAC.

DISPERSAL OF THE BRYOZOAN BUGULA-NERITINA AND EFFECTS OF ADULTS ON NEWLY METAMORPHOSED JUVENILES

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 1989

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS057163

Denitrification measurements of sediments using cores and chambers

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 17-11-2006

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS326049

Reconstructing Historical Marine Populations Reveals Major Decline of a Kelp Forest Ecosystem in Australia

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 06-02-2019

DOI: 10.1007/S12237-019-00525-1

Compositing and subsampling to reduce costs and improve power in benthic infaunal monitoring programs

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 10-2002

DOI: 10.1007/BF02691352

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN HUMAN COLLECTING AND INTERTIDAL MOLLUSK POPULATIONS ON ROCKY SHORES

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-1993

DOI: 10.1046/J.1523-1739.1993.07020378.X

Measurement of environmental trace-metal levels with transplanted mussels and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT): a comparison of techniques

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2002

DOI: 10.1016/S0025-326X(01)00244-2

Abstract: Transplanted mussels and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) were used to assess levels of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc at four sites situated inside and outside of two enclosed marinas, near Melbourne, Australia. Mussels accumulated all metals except cadmium. Over one year, there were large temporal differences in tissue metal levels in mussels, but differences between sites were only apparent for copper and lead. DGT showed temporal differences of the same kind as those seen in the mussels, but appeared to have more power to discriminate between sites. DGT found higher copper levels inside marinas than outside, and high levels of zinc were found inside one marina. Levels of copper and zinc were high enough to be of environmental concern for one site. The effect of fouling on DGT measurements will have to be quantified, or avoided by the use of multiple short-term exposures, if the technique is to become a widespread in situ monitoring tool.

Monitoring biofouling communities could reduce impacts to mussel aquaculture by allowing synchronisation of husbandry techniques with peaks in settlement

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 08-01-2014

DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2013.856888

Abstract: Fouling organisms in bivalve aquaculture cause significant economic losses for the industry. Managing biofouling is typically reactive, and involves time- and labour-intensive removal techniques. Mussel spat settlement and biofouling were documented over 20 months at three mussel farms within Port Phillip Bay (PPB), Australia to determine if knowledge of settlement patterns could assist farmers in avoiding biofouling. Mussel spat settlement was largely confined to a 2-month period at one farm. Of the problematic foulers, Ectopleura crocea settlement varied in space and time at all three farms, whilst Ciona intestinalis and Pomatoceros taeniata were present predominantly at one farm and exhibited more distinct settlement periods. Within PPB, complete avoidance of biofouling is impossible. However, diligent monitoring may help farmers avoid peaks in detrimental biofouling species and allow them to implement removal strategies such as manual cleaning, and postpone grading and re-socking practices, until after these peaks.

Swimming ability and behaviour of post-larvae of a temperate marine fish re-entrained in the pelagic environment

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 11-02-2003

DOI: 10.1007/S00442-003-1180-0

Abstract: The degree to which behaviour, vertical movement and horizontal transport, in relation to local hydrodynamics, may facilitate secondary dispersal in the water column was studied in post-larval Sillaginodes punctata in Port Phillip Bay, Australia. S. punctata were captured in shallow seagrass beds and released at the surface in three depth zones (1.5, 3 and 7 m) off-shore at each of two sites to mimic the re-entrainment of fish. The behaviour, depth and position of S. punctata were recorded through time. The direction and speed of local currents were described using an S4 current meter and the movement of drogues. Regardless of site, fish immediately oriented toward the bottom, and into the current after release. In shallow water (1.5 m), 86% of fish swam to the bottom within 2 min of release. At one site, the net horizontal displacement of fish was largely unrelated to the speed and direction of local currents at a second site, fish could not maintain their position against the current, and the net horizontal displacement was related to the speed and direction of currents. In the intermediate depth zone, wide variability in depths of in idual fish through time led to an average depth reached by fish that was between the shallow and deep zones. Based on daily increments in the otoliths, however, this variability was not related significantly to the time since entry of fish into Port Phillip Bay. In the deepest depth zone, 81% of fish remained within 1 m of the surface and their horizontal displacement was significantly related to the direction and speed of currents. Secondary dispersal of post-larval fish in the water column may be facilitated by the behaviour and vertical movements of fish, but only if fish reach deeper water, where their displacement (direction and distance) closely resembles local hydrodynamic regimes. In shallow water, fish behaviour and vertical migration actually reduce the potential for secondary dispersal.

Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Date: 04-09-2023

DOI: 10.1017/9781139568173

Copper sulphate treatment induces Heterozostera seed germination and improves seedling growth rates

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.GECCO.2022.E02079

Influence of a burrowing, metal-tolerant polychaete on benthic metabolism, denitrification and nitrogen regeneration in contaminated estuarine sediments

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2013

DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2013.01.002

Abstract: We investigated the effects of the burrowing cirratulid polychaete Cirriformia filigera (Delle Chiaje, 1828) on benthic respiration and nitrogen regeneration in metal-contaminated estuarine sediments using laboratory mesocosms. C. filigera is a dominant component of assemblages in the most severely contaminated sediments within the Derwent estuary, southern Australia. In the presence of C. filigera sediment O2 consumption doubled, with approximately 55% of this increase due to their respiration and the remaining 45% attributable to oxidation reactions and increased microbial respiration associated with burrow walls. Combined NO3 and NO2 fluxes were unaffected. The addition of labile organic matter did not affect benthic fluxes, in the presence or absence of C. filigera, presumably due to the short timeframe of the experiment and naturally enriched test sediments. The results suggest that a combination of tolerance and burrowing activity enables this species to provide an ecosystem service in the removal of N from contaminated sites.

Disturbance alters ecosystem engineering by a canopy-forming alga

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 23-01-2018

DOI: 10.1017/S0025315416002009

Abstract: Canopy-forming fucoid algae have an important role as ecosystem engineers on rocky intertidal shores, where they increase the abundance of species otherwise limited by exposure during low tide. The facilitative relationship between Ascophyllum nodosum and associated organisms was explored using a frond breakage experiment (100%, 50%, 25%, 0% intact-frond treatments) in southern England, to assess the consequences of disturbance. Understorey substratum temperature was on average 3°C higher in 0% and 25% intact-frond treatments than in plots with 50% and 100% intact fronds. Light (as PAR during low tide) doubled in 0% intact-frond treatments in comparison to other treatments (which had similar light levels). Mobile invertebrate species richness declined by on average 1 species per m 2 in the treatments with only 25% and 0% intact fronds, and the abundance of Littorina obtusata declined by 2.4–4.2 in iduals per m 2 in the treatments with 25 and 0% intact fronds. Sessile taxa, including Osmundea pinnatifida and encrusting coralline algae, declined by half on average in the 0% intact-frond treatment. These results suggest that the ability of Ascophyllum to mediate environmental conditions to the understorey is the mechanism responsible for species distributed in the understorey (autogenic ecosystem engineering). The results of this study imply that a pulse disturbance resulting in a 50% breakage of Ascophyllum fronds significantly increases temperature and decreases the abundance of mobile invertebrates usually associated with Ascophyllum . Sessile taxa associated with Ascophyllum can, however, withstand disturbances down to 25% intact Ascophyllum fronds.

Measuring hypoxia induced metal release from highly contaminated estuarine sediments during a 40day laboratory incubation experiment

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2012

DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2012.01.033

Abstract: Nutrient inputs to estuarine and coastal waters worldwide are increasing and this in turn is increasing the prevalence of eutrophication and hypoxic and anoxic episodes in these systems. Many urbanised estuaries are also subject to high levels of anthropogenic metal contamination. Environmental O(2) levels may influence whether sediments act as sinks or sources of metals. In this study we investigated the effect of an extended O(2) depletion event (40 days) on fluxes of trace metals (and the metalloid As) across the sediment-water interface in sediments from a highly metal contaminated estuary in S.E. Tasmania, Australia. We collected sediments from three sites that spanned a range of contamination and measured total metal concentration in the overlying water using sealed core incubations. Manganese and iron, which are known to regulate the release of other alent cations from sub-oxic sediments, were released from sediments at all sites as hypoxia developed. In contrast, the release of arsenic, cadmium, copper and zinc was comparatively low, most likely due to inherent stability of these elements within the sediments, perhaps as a result of their refractory origin, their association with fine-grained sediments or their being bound in stable sulphide complexes. Metal release was not sustained due to the powerful effect of metal-sulphide precipitation of dissolved metals back into sediments. The limited mobilisation of sediment bound metals during hypoxia is encouraging, nevertheless the results highlight particular problems for management in areas where hypoxia might occur, such as the release of metals exacerbating already high loads or resulting in localised toxicity.

Potamopyrgus antipodarum has the potential to detect effects from various land use activities on a freshwater ecosystem

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2021.117563

The influence of herbivores on primary producers can vary spatially and interact with disturbance

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-02-2016

DOI: 10.1111/OIK.02502

EFFECTS OF SETTLEMENT AND POSTSETTLEMENT MORTALITY ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE ASCIDIAN TRIDIDEMNUM-OPACUM

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 1986

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS033279

ROLE OF ASTEROID PREDATORS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF A SESSILE COMMUNITY ON PIER PILINGS

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 1979

DOI: 10.1007/BF00555196

Relationships between the Nudibranch Madrella Sanguinea and Its Broadly-Distributed Prey, the Bryozoan Mucropetraliella Ellerii

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 11-1991

DOI: 10.1093/MOLLUS/57.SUPPLEMENT_PART_4.23

Designing environmental monitoring for pulp mills in Australia

Publisher: IWA Publishing

Date: 1997

DOI: 10.1016/S0273-1223(96)00955-9

Competition may mediate recovery from damage in an encrusting bryozoan

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-08-2010

DOI: 10.1111/J.1439-0485.2009.00353.X

Detecting benthic community responses to pollution in estuaries: A field mesocosm approach

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2013

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2012.11.038

Abstract: Biological stress responses in in iduals are used as indicators of pollution in aquatic ecosystems, but detecting ecologically relevant responses in whole communities remains a challenge. We developed an experimental approach to detect the effects of pollution on estuarine communities using field-based mesocosms. Mesocosms containing defaunated sediments from four estuaries in southeastern Australia that varied in sediment contamination were transplanted and buried in sediments of the same four estuaries for six weeks. Mesocosm sediment properties and metal concentrations remained representative of their source locations. In each estuary, fauna communities associated with sediments derived from the site with the highest metal concentrations were significantly different from other communities. This pattern was evident for some of the in idual taxa, in particular the polychaete Capitella sp. Consistent responses across estuaries suggest numbers of in iduals, and especially Capitella sp., could be used to identify contaminated sediments in estuaries with similar fauna and site characteristics.

Edge effects in patchy seagrass landscapes: The role of predation in determining fish distribution

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2011

DOI: 10.1016/J.JEMBE.2011.01.010

Short-term (24 h) effects of mild and severe hypoxia (20% and 5% dissolved oxygen) on metal partitioning in highly contaminated estuarine sediments

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2012

DOI: 10.1016/J.ECSS.2011.12.025

Reduction of pollution impacts through the control of toxicant release rate must be site- and season-specific

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2005

DOI: 10.1016/J.JEMBE.2004.12.024

Ecological niches of three abundant Caulerpa species in Port Phillip Bay, southeast Australia

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2014

DOI: 10.1016/J.AQUABOT.2014.08.007

Development of twenty-three novel microsatellite markers for the seagrass, Zostera muelleri from Australia

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 03-2012

DOI: 10.1007/S12686-012-9623-8

Spatially variable effects of copper on sessile invertebrates across a marina

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2008

DOI: 10.1016/J.JEMBE.2008.06.020

Geographic variation in interactions between size classes of the limpet Cellana tramoserica

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 07-1997

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(97)00027-0

Effects of the boscalid fungicide Filan® on the marine amphipod Allorchestes compressa at environmentally relevant concentrations

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 11-02-2016

DOI: 10.1002/ETC.3247

Abstract: Fungicides are widely used in agriculture to control fungal diseases. After application, fungicides can be transported offsite to surface and groundwater and ultimately enter estuarine and marine environments. The presence of fungicides in the marine environment may pose risks to marine organisms, but little is known about fungicide effects on these organisms, especially invertebrates. The present study investigated the effects of the commonly used boscalid fungicide Filan® on life history traits, feeding rate, and energy reserves (lipid, glycogen, and protein content) of the marine hipod Allorchestes compressa over 6 wk under laboratory conditions. Amphipods were exposed to 3 concentrations of Filan (1 μg, 10 μg, and 40 μg active ingredient [a.i.]/L), with 5 replicates per treatment. Lipid content and reproduction were the most sensitive measures of effect, with lipid content reduced by 53.8% at the highest concentration. Survival, growth, and other energy reserves of hipods were also negatively affected by Filan, and the effects were concentration dependent. Antennal deformities were incidentally observed on the hipods at a concentration of 40 μg a.i./L. The results of the present study indicate comprehensive effects of the boscalid fungicide Filan on A. compressa at environmentally relevant concentrations. The decline or absence of A. compressa in marine ecosystems could impair the ecosystem function because of their important role in trophic transfer and nutrient recycling. The authors' results suggest that even though the use of fungicides is often regarded as posing only a minor risk to aquatic organisms, the assessment of their long-term effects is critical.

Spatial and temporal variability in the effects of fish predation on macrofauna in relation to habitat complexity and cage effects

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 2001

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS224231

Scaling of colonization processes in streams: Parallels and lessons from marine hard substrata

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-1998

DOI: 10.1111/J.1442-9993.1998.TB00702.X

Recovery pathways from small-scale disturbance in a temperate Australian seagrass

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 19-01-2016

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS11531

Multiple sources of nutrients add to the complexities of predicting marine benthic community responses to enrichment

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2010

DOI: 10.1071/MF10085

Abstract: Understanding biological responses to nutrient enrichment under different environmental conditions is integral for the effective management of eutrophication in coastal environments. However, current conceptual models of nutrient enrichment are limited as they are based on studies that only consider a single source of nutrients, when in reality it is more likely that enrichment is a result of multiple sources. Here, we test the hypothesis that biological responses to nutrient enrichment in intertidal mudflat assemblages depend on the source by comparing enrichment from a controlled release fertilizer with that from decomposing macroalgae. Sediment at two sites in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, were dosed with the different nutrient sources and monitored through time. After six weeks, the macroalgae-enriched plots had significantly higher abundances and biomass of some taxa of deposit-feeding polychaetes. In the fertilizer-enriched plots, the porewater nutrients increased but there was no detectable change in abundances or biomass of infauna, suggesting that the nutrients did not assimilate into the foodweb. The rate of assimilation of anthropogenic nutrients potentially occurs over longer time scales compared with the rapid assimilation and biological responses to decomposing macroalgae. Responses to the different nutrient sources provide new insights into the complexity of nutrient enrichment models that are applied to the management of aquatic ecosystems worldwide.

TEMPORAL CHANGES IN SPECIES NUMBER IN AN ASSEMBLAGE OF SESSILE MARINE-INVERTEBRATES

Publisher: JSTOR

Date: 07-1983

DOI: 10.2307/2844741

University Of Melbourne

Location: Australia

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Florida State University

Location: United States of America

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University Of Adelaide

Location: Australia

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University Of California Santa Barbara

Location: United States of America

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Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0880557

Start Date: 2008

End Date: 12-2011

Amount: $396,194.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0772648

Start Date: 2008

End Date: 12-2010

Amount: $263,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP0211152

Start Date: 2002

End Date: 12-2005

Amount: $221,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP140100565

Start Date: 06-2015

End Date: 06-2022

Amount: $315,911.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0556552

Start Date: 2005

End Date: 06-2008

Amount: $340,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP0562121

Start Date: 09-2006

End Date: 12-2009

Amount: $96,067.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0209319

Start Date: 2002

End Date: 12-2005

Amount: $279,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP1093230

Start Date: 02-2010

End Date: 12-2013

Amount: $350,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP130100684

Start Date: 06-2014

End Date: 12-2017

Amount: $465,440.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR0354638

Start Date: 01-2004

End Date: 12-2004

Amount: $20,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP0775365

Start Date: 04-2007

End Date: 12-2010

Amount: $625,625.00

Funder: Australian Research Council