ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0390-4446
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In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Optometry and Ophthalmology | Vision Science | Optical Technology | Other Artificial Intelligence | Mathematics Not Elsewhere Classified | Astronomical and Space Sciences | Engineering And Technology Not Elsewhere Classified | Optical Physics | Photodetectors, Optical Sensors and Solar Cells | Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing | Electrical and Electronic Engineering | Nanoscale Characterisation | Information Systems Management | Opthalmology And Vision Science | Manufacturing Processes and Technologies (excl. Textiles) | Interdisciplinary Engineering Not Elsewhere Classified | Research, Science And Technology Policy | Astronomy And Astrophysics | Interdisciplinary Engineering | Lasers and Quantum Electronics | Optics And Opto-Electronic Physics | Astronomical and Space Instrumentation
Hearing, Vision, Speech and Their Disorders | Other | Computer software and services not elsewhere classified | Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences | Technological and organisational innovation | Emerging Defence Technologies | Industrial instrumentation | Medical instrumentation | Professional, Scientific and Technical Services | Scientific instrumentation | Expanding Knowledge in Technology | Economic issues not elsewhere classified | Scientific Instruments |
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-01-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-04-2014
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-09-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2061529
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-03-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2011073
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-02-2016
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-04-2023
DOI: 10.3390/ELECTRONICS12071714
Abstract: We present a fast and reconfigurable architecture for Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensing implemented on FPGA devices using a stream-based center of gravity to measure the spot displacements. By calculating the center of gravity around each incoming pixel with an optimal window matching the spot size, the common trade-off between noise and bias errors and dynamic range due to window size existing in conventional center of gravity methods is avoided. In addition, the accuracy of centroid estimation is not compromised when the spot moves to or even crosses the sub-aperture boundary, leading to an increased dynamic range. The calculation of the centroid begins while the pixel values are read from an image sensor and further computation such as slope and partial wavefront reconstruction follows immediately as the sub-aperture centroids are ready. The result is a real-time wavefront sensing system with very low latency and high measurement accuracy feasible for targeting on low-cost FPGA devices. This architecture provides a promising solution which can cope with multiple target objects and work in moderate scintillation.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 28-04-2016
DOI: 10.1364/AO.55.003615
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 28-10-2016
DOI: 10.1364/AO.55.008905
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 23-06-2016
DOI: 10.1364/AO.55.005082
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 07-11-2018
DOI: 10.1117/12.2325525
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 06-05-2008
DOI: 10.1364/OE.16.007309
Abstract: As a proof of concept we apply a technique called SLODAR as implemented in astronomy to the human eye. The technique uses single exposures of angularly separated "stars" on a Hartmann-Shack sensor to determine a profile of aberration strength localised in altitude in astronomy, or path length into the eye in our application. We report on the success of this process with both model and real human eyes. There are similarities and significant differences between the astronomy and vision applications.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 17-03-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2081989
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2016
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 15-06-2016
Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Date: 15-09-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2009
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-06-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-08-2021
DOI: 10.1111/OPO.12855
Abstract: To measure the Stiles-Crawford effect of the first kind (SCE-I), corresponding to central vision, with innovative technology to evaluate changes in the directionality and photoreceptor alignment with accommodation. A uniaxial Maxwellian system (spot size in pupil 0.5 mm diameter) was employed, incorporating a spatial light modulator to flicker at 2 Hz between two 2.3° fields corresponding to test (peripheral pupil) and reference (pupil centre) positions. Participants determined thresholds at 13 positions along the horizontal pupil meridian by indicating if the test field was brighter or dimmer than the reference field. Thresholds were determined by a staircase procedure after four reversals at each pupil location. After pupil dilation, seven emmetropes were tested at 0 D to 6 D accommodation stimulus levels in 2 D intervals. Data were fit by the Gaussian function, both when the fits were unforced or forced to pass through the sensitivity expected for the reference point. Directionality (ρ) and peak location values Regression slopes for ρ as a function of accommodation stimulus were not significant. There was a tendency for Directionality did not change with accommodation, but the pupil peak location showed a significant temporal shift of approximately 0.62 mm with 6 D accommodation stimulus. It is possible that substantial changes in the directionality and a shift in the direction of peak location might occur at very high levels of accommodation.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-05-2014
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 18-09-2018
DOI: 10.1117/12.2320084
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: ACM
Date: 06-06-2013
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 25-10-2007
DOI: 10.1364/OE.15.014844
Abstract: We discuss several improvements in the detection of atmospheric turbulence using SLOpe Detection And Ranging (SLODAR). Frequently, SLODAR observations have shown strong ground-layer turbulence, which is beneficial to adaptive optics. We show that current methods which neglect atmospheric propagation effects can underestimate the strength of high altitude turbulence by up to ~ 30%. We show that mirror and dome seeing turbulence can be a significant fraction of measured ground-layer turbulence, some cases up to ~ 50%. We also demonstrate a novel technique to improve the nominal height resolution, by a factor of 3, called Generalized SLODAR. This can be applied when s ling high-altitude turbulence, where the nominal height resolution is the poorest, or for resolving details in the important ground-layer.
Publisher: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)
Date: 31-08-2016
DOI: 10.1167/16.10.21
Abstract: This study compared neural resolution and detection limits of the human mid-/long-wavelength and short-wavelength cone systems with anatomical estimates of photoreceptor and retinal ganglion cell spacings and sizes. Detection and resolution limits were measured from central fixation out to 35° eccentricity across the horizontal visual field using a modified Lotmar interferometer. The mid-/long-wavelength cone system was studied using a green (550 nm) test stimulus to which S-cones have low sensitivity. To bias resolution and detection to the short-wavelength cone system, a blue (450 nm) test stimulus was presented against a bright yellow background that desensitized the M- and L-cones. Participants were three trichromatic males with normal visual functions. With green stimuli, resolution showed a steep central-peripheral gradient that was similar between participants, whereas the detection gradient was shallower and patterns were different between participants. Detection and resolution with blue stimuli were poorer than for green stimuli. The detection of blue stimuli was superior to resolution across the horizontal visual field and the patterns were different between participants. The mid-/long-wavelength cone system's resolution is limited by midget ganglion cell spacing and its detection is limited by the size of the M- and L-cone photoreceptors, consistent with previous observations. We found that no such simple relationships occur for the short-wavelength cone system between resolution and the bistratified ganglion cell spacing, nor between detection and the S-cone photoreceptor sizes.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 03-08-2017
DOI: 10.1364/AO.56.006466
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 16-07-2021
DOI: 10.1364/BOE.427834
Abstract: The Stiles-Crawford effect of the first kind (SCE) is the phenomenon in which light entering the eye near the center of the pupil appears brighter than light entering near the edge. Previous investigations have found an increase in the directionality (steepness) of the effect as the testing location moves from the center of the visual field to parafoveal positions, but the effect of central field size has not been considered. The influence of field size on the SCE was investigated using a uniaxial Maxwellian system in which stimulus presentation was controlled by an active-matrix liquid crystal display. SCE directionality increased as field size increased from 0.5° to 4.7° diameter, although this was noted in four mild myopes and not in two emmetropes. The change with field size was supported by a geometric optics absorption model.
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2016
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.JMIR.2016.05.004
Abstract: In this article we systematically evaluate the performance of several state-of-the-art, sparsity prior computed tomography (CT) reconstruction algorithms, using a nonstandard simultaneous x-ray acquisition method. Sparsity prior is an efficient strategy in CT reconstruction, relying on iterative algorithms such as the algebraic reconstruction technique to produce a crude reconstruction, based on which sparse approximation is performed. The simultaneous x-ray acquisition model ensures rapid capture of x-rays however, it captures a significantly fewer number of attenuation measurements, and the projections are nonuniform. We propose a weighted average filter in the reconstruction framework to ensure better quality reconstruction by minimizing the effect of nonuniform projections. The performance of the state-of-the-art algorithms is analyzed with and without weighted averaging before sparse approximation, in simulated and real environments. Experiments in the simulated environment are conducted with and without the presence of noise. From the results, it is evident that sparsity prior algorithms are capable of producing cross-sectional reconstruction using the simultaneous x-ray acquisition model, and better reconstruction quality is achievable with the incorporation of weighted averaging in the reconstruction framework.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-05-2016
DOI: 10.1111/OPO.12284
Abstract: Retinal anatomical studies have used the Drasdo & Fowler three-refracting surface schematic eye to convert between retinal distances and object field angles. We compared its performance at this task with those of more sophisticated four-refracting surface schematic eyes. Raytracing was performed for Drasdo & Fowler, Lotmar, Navarro, Liou & Brennan, Kooijman and Atchison schematic eyes, and some of their variants. The Drasdo & Fowler eye gives a greater rate of change of object field angle with retinal distance at the retinal centre of about 5% than the other schematic eyes. This rate of change also increases much more quickly into the peripheral retina for the Drasdo & Fowler eye than for the other eyes. The reason for these differences is only that the Drasdo & Fowler eye is shorter than the other eyes. The relationship between retinal distance and visual field angle appears robust to changes in retinal radius of curvature when the retina is spherical. The retinal asphericity of Kooijman and Atchison eyes appears to play a role beyond 14 mm (~50°). Changing the length of the Drasdo & Fowler eye, to match those of the four-refracting surface schematic eyes, gives similar relationships between retinal distance and object field angle up to a retinal distance of approximately 14 mm (~50°). The relationship will change with refractive error as this is related to axial length and to retinal shape, and this should be taken into consideration for accurate conversions. For distances and angles beyond 14 mm and ~50°, retinal shape should be taken into account.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2005
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 15-10-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.928899
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 11-2017
DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001130
Abstract: The main problem with phakometry is the low visibility of the third Purkinje image. We built a phakometer using Bessel beams, which have properties of being resistant to diffraction and the potential for self-reconstruction. This instrument had lenticular images three times brighter than those of a conventional phakometer. To investigate Purkinje image brightness, accuracy, and repeatability of a “Bessel” phakometer compared with those of a conventional phakometer. Phakometers were developed with a telecentric imaging system focused at the pupil plane of the eye to capture anterior cornea, anterior lens (PIII), and posterior lens (PIV) Purkinje images. A Bessel beam was generated by a diode laser beam passing through a high-powered doublet with a central obstruction. Software was used to determine image sizes and estimate lens anterior and posterior surface radii of curvature ( R a , R p ), equivalent refractive index (RI), and equivalent power ( F ). The Bessel phakometer's accuracy was assessed using a model eye. Repeatability (interobserver and intraobserver) and Purkinje images brightnesses of Bessel and conventional phakometers were assessed with six participants. The lens parameters of the model eye determined by the Bessel phakometer were similar to those provided by the model eye's manufacturer with differences (manufacturer − Bessel) in R a and R p , RI, and F of +1.18 mm, 0.18 mm, +0.0053, and −0.55 D, respectively. The intraobserver repeatabilities for the Bessel and conventional phakometers were similar. The interobserver repeatabilities of R a , R p , and RI for the Bessel phakometer were almost half those (i.e., two times better) for the conventional phakometer. Brightnesses of PIII and PIV were approximately three times higher with the Bessel phakometer than with the conventional phakometer. The Bessel beam phakometer provided accurate estimates of lens parameters of a model eye and produced brighter Purkinje images and better interobserver repeatability than that of a conventional phakometer.
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 08-10-2019
DOI: 10.1145/3358211
Abstract: Treatment of patients using high-quality precision medicine requires a thorough understanding of the genetic composition of a patient. Ideally, the identification of unique variations in an in idual’s genome is needed for specifying the necessary treatment. Variant calling workflow is a pipeline of tools, integrating state of the art software systems aimed at alignment, sorting and variant calling for the whole genome sequencing (WGS) data. This pipeline is utilized for identifying unique variations in an in idual’s genome (compared to a reference genome). Currently, such a workflow is implemented on high-performance computers (with additional GPUs or FPGAs) or in cloud computers. Such systems are large, have a high cost, and rely on the internet for genome data transfer which makes the system unusable in remote locations unequipped with internet connectivity. It further raises privacy concerns due to processing being carried out in a different facility. To overcome such limitations, in this paper, for the first time, we present a cost-efficient, offline, scalable, portable, and energy-efficient computing system named SWARAM for variant calling workflow processing. The system uses novel architecture and algorithms to match against partial reference genomes to exploit smaller memory sizes which are typically available in tiny processing systems. Extensive tests on a standard benchmark data-set (NA12878 Illumina platinum genome) confirm that the time consumed for the data transfer and completing variant calling workflow on SWARAM was competitive to that of a 32-core Intel Xeon server with similar accuracy, but costs less than a fifth, and consumes less than 40% of the energy of the server system. The original scripts and code we developed for executing the variant calling workflow on SWARAM are available in the associated Github repository github.com/Rammohanty/swaram.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 28-08-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.794064
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2013
Abstract: Measurements of the optical turbulence profile above Siding Spring Observatory were conducted during 2005 and 2006. This effort was largely motivated by the need to predict the statistical performance of adaptive optics at Siding Spring. The data were collected using a purpose-built instrument based on the slope detection and ranging (SLODAR) method where observations of a bright double star are imaged by Shack–Hartmann taken with the Australian National University 24-inch and 40-inch telescopes. The analysis of the data yielded a model consisting of a handful of statistically prominent thin layers that are statistically separated into the ground layer (37.5, 250 m) and the free atmosphere (1, 3, 6, 9, 13.5 km) for good (25%), typical (50%), and bad (25%) observing conditions. We found that ground-layer turbulence dominates the turbulence profile with up to 80% of the integrated turbulence below 500 m. The turbulence tends to be non-Kolmogorov, especially for the ground layer with a power-law index of β ~ 10/3. The mirror/dome seeing can be a significant fraction of the ground-layer turbulence. The median atmospheric seeing is around 1.2 arcsec, in agreement with observational reports.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 18-03-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2082361
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 02-2019
DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001328
Abstract: Ophthalmic imaging instruments that require stable fixation can benefit by using Bessel beams in the form of monitor-based Bessel images. The purpose of this study was to investigate fixation stability using laser Bessel and Gaussian beams and monitor-based images of these targets. The right eyes of 16 participants were presented with seven fixation targets: monitor-based images of a bull's eye/cross hair, a Gaussian beam, a Bessel beam with four rings and a Bessel beam with three rings laser Gaussian beam, laser Bessel beam with four rings, and laser Bessel beam with three rings. Participants fixated target centers for five runs, in which each run presented the seven targets for 20 seconds each. An Eye Tribe tracker s led eye positions at 30 Hz. Standard deviations along horizontal (σ x ) and vertical meridians (σ y ) and areas of bivariate contour ellipses (BCEAs) of fixation positions were calculated, and statistical significances of target differences for these parameters were determined. Average σ x , σ y , and BCEAs ranged from 0.26 to 0.35°, 0.38 to 0.55°, and 0.78 to 1.31 degrees 2 , respectively. Target differences in σ x (χ 2 6 = 13.0, P = .04), (σ y ) (χ 2 6 = 36.819, P .001), and BCEA (χ 2 6 = 34.406, P .001) were statistically significant. There were significant post hoc differences between some of the target pairs for σ y and BCEA, but not for σ x . Monitor-based Bessel beam targets provided significantly smaller σ y and BCEAs than the bull's eye/cross hair combination and the monitor- and laser-based Gaussian beam targets. Monitor-based images of Bessel beams provided better fixation targets than did a bull's eye/cross hair combination, monitor-based Gaussian images, and laser Gaussian beams, but no claim can be made that laser Bessel beams provide better fixation targets than do laser Gaussian beams. Monitor-based Bessel images should be useful for ophthalmic imaging instruments requiring stable fixation.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 12-07-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.789957
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 12-07-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.787732
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 06-09-2017
DOI: 10.1117/12.2277180
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2015
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 12-02-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2180522
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-09-2021
Abstract: Fast edge detection of images can be useful for many real-world applications. Edge detection is not an end application but often the first step of a computer vision application. Therefore, fast and simple edge detection techniques are important for efficient image processing. In this work, we propose a new edge detection algorithm using a combination of the wavelet transform, Shannon entropy and thresholding. The new algorithm is based on the concept that each Wavelet decomposition level has an assumed level of structure that enables the use of Shannon entropy as a measure of global image structure. The proposed algorithm is developed mathematically and compared to five popular edge detection algorithms. The results show that our solution is low redundancy, noise resilient, and well suited to real-time image processing applications.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 31-08-2006
DOI: 10.1117/12.682428
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2009
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2016
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 10-07-2018
DOI: 10.1117/12.2312405
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2013
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 19-08-2010
DOI: 10.1117/12.860875
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 06-09-2017
DOI: 10.1117/12.2277179
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2010
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 23-09-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2061891
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2013
Abstract: Using an observationally derived model of optical turbulence profile, we have investigated the performance of adaptive optics (AO) at Siding Spring Observatory, Australia. The simulations cover the performance for AO techniques of single-conjugate adaptive optics (SCAO), multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO), and ground-layer adaptive optics (GLAO). The simulation results presented in this paper predict the performance of these AO techniques as applied to the Australian National University (ANU) 2.3-m and Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) 3.9-m telescopes for astronomical wavelength bands J , H , and K . The results indicate that the AO performance is best for the longer wavelengths ( K band) and in the best seeing conditions (sub 1 arcsec). The most promising results are found for GLAO simulations (field of view of 180 arcsec), with the field RMS for encircled energy 50% diameter (EE50d) being uniform and minimally affected by the free-atmosphere turbulence. The GLAO performance is reasonably good over the wavelength bands of J , H , and K . The GLAO field mean of EE50d is between 200 and 800 mas, which is a noticeable improvement compared with the nominal astronomical seeing (870–1 700 mas).
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 29-07-2016
DOI: 10.1117/12.2232467
No related organisations have been discovered for Andrew Lambert.
Start Date: 01-2004
End Date: 11-2004
Amount: $20,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 12-2003
End Date: 12-2004
Amount: $20,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2011
End Date: 12-2014
Amount: $333,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 03-2019
End Date: 12-2023
Amount: $425,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 06-2014
End Date: 12-2017
Amount: $390,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 12-2004
End Date: 12-2010
Amount: $1,950,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2021
End Date: 04-2022
Amount: $837,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 09-2017
End Date: 09-2018
Amount: $502,453.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity