ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3742-5742
Current Organisation
University of New South Wales
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Engineering Instrumentation | Analytical Chemistry | Sensor Technology (Chemical aspects) | Analytical Spectrometry |
Expanding Knowledge in the Chemical Sciences | Expanding Knowledge in Engineering | Expanding Knowledge in Technology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0TC01466D
Abstract: Direct patterning of liquid metals via photolithography.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1EN00677K
Abstract: The developed Au-NR based gas sensor showed up to ∼1.7 times higher response magnitude than its Au CTRL counterpart when exposed toward elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) vapor. Furthermore, the newly developed sensor also showed good selectivity toward Hg 0 .
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACA.2019.01.038
Abstract: The analysis of persistent organic pollutants, such as perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) including perfluorooctanoic acid (C
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-01-2018
DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2018.1423680
Abstract: Human breath can contain thousands of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile compounds that are related to metabolism and other biochemical processes. The presence of cancer cells can affect the identity and abundances of chemicals in breath when compared to those in healthy control subjects, which can be used to indicate the likelihood of a patient having cancer. Recently, the chemical analysis of exhaled breath from patients has been shown to be promising for diagnosing many different types of cancers, including lung, breast, colon, head, neck, and prostate, along with pre-cancerous conditions (dysplasia). Here, we reviewed the s ling, analytical and data analysis methods reported in the recent patent literature related to cancer breath testing (2014-2017). In addition, the different types of cancer biomarkers that were disclosed are discussed. The major advantages of breath testing compared to conventional X-ray and imaging based methods includes simplicity of use, non-invasiveness, and the potential to detect cancer at a relatively early stage. Such methods are also suitable to perform population screening because of their non-invasiveness. However, the establishment of standard s ling, detection and quantification methods for breath testing is required before the methods can be employed for clinical diagnosis.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-08-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.9B02504
Abstract: Methylation of arginine residues in proteins, an enzyme-mediated post-translational modification (PTM), is important for mRNA processing and transport and for the regulation of many protein-protein interactions. However, proteolytic peptides resulting from alternative sites of post-translational methylation have identical masses and cannot be readily separated by standard liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Unlike acetylation or phosphorylation, methylation of arginine does not strongly affect the charge states of peptide ions, multiple instances of methylation can occur on a single amino acid residue, and the relative mass of the modification is <1% that of the typical proteolytic peptide. High field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) is an orthogonal separation method to liquid chromatography that can rapidly separate gaseous ions prior to detection by mass spectrometry. Here, we report that FAIMS can be used to separate arginine-methylated peptides that differ by the position of a single methyl group for both mono- and dimethylated variants. Although the resolution of separation for these arginine-methylated peptides improved with increasing amounts of helium in the FAIMS carrier gas as expected, we found that the site of methylation can strongly affect the dependence of the electric field used for ion transmission on the extent of helium in the carrier gas. Thus, certain isobaric peptides can be cotransmitted at high helium concentrations whereas lower concentrations can be used for successful separations of such peptide mixtures. The capability to rapidly resolve isobaric arginine-methylated peptides should be useful in the future for the detailed analysis of protein arginine methylation in biological s les.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-07-2015
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.5B01858
Abstract: Microelectromechanical sensors based on surface acoustic wave (SAW) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) transducers possess substantial potential as online elemental mercury (Hg(0)) vapor detectors in industrial stack effluents. In this study, a comparison of SAW- and QCM-based sensors is performed for the detection of low concentrations of Hg(0) vapor (ranging from 24 to 365 ppbv). Experimental measurements and finite element method (FEM) simulations allow the comparison of these sensors with regard to their sensitivity, sorption and desorption characteristics, and response time following Hg(0) vapor exposure at various operating temperatures ranging from 35 to 75 °C. Both of the sensors were fabricated on quartz substrates (ST and AT cut quartz for SAW and QCM devices, respectively) and employed thin gold (Au) layers as the electrodes. The SAW-based sensor exhibited up to ∼111 and ∼39 times higher response magnitudes than did the QCM-based sensor at 35 and 55 °C, respectively, when exposed to Hg(0) vapor concentrations ranging from 24 to 365 ppbv. The Hg(0) sorption and desorption calibration curves of both sensors were found to fit well with the Langmuir extension isotherm at different operating temperatures. Furthermore, the Hg(0) sorption and desorption rate demonstrated by the SAW-based sensor was found to decrease as the operating temperature increased, while the opposite trend was observed for the QCM-based sensor. However, the SAW-based sensor reached the maximum Hg(0) sorption rate faster than the QCM-based sensor regardless of operating temperature, whereas both sensors showed similar response times (t90) at various temperatures. Additionally, the sorption rate data was utilized in this study in order to obtain a faster response time from the sensor upon exposure to Hg(0) vapor. Furthermore, comparative analysis of the developed sensors' selectivity showed that the SAW-based sensor had a higher overall selectivity (90%) than did the QCM counterpart (84%) while Hg(0) vapor was measured in the presence of ammonia (NH3), humidity, and a number of volatile organic compounds at the chosen operating temperature of 55 °C.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-07-2016
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D1AN01942B
Abstract: An ambient pressure ion funnel with ‘slit’ electrodes is reported for improving the ion transmission efficiency and resolving power of high-resolution differential ion mobility mass spectrometry.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACA.2022.339783
Abstract: Glycans are ubiquitous, structurally erse molecules that have specific and general roles involving metabolism, structure, and cell-to-cell signaling. Functional specificity depends strongly on the complexity of structures that polysaccharides can adopt based on their subunit composition, length, extent of branching, glycosidic bond connectivity and anomeric configuration. However, a rapid and comprehensive characterization of glycan isomers can be challenging owing to limitations associated with their separation. Here, ten composition, anomeric and connectivity disaccharide isomers were separated and detected using high-resolution differential ion mobility-mass spectrometry (DMS-MS, also known as FAIMS). Focus was primarily directed to compositional isomers corresponding to epimers that differ by the axial or equatorial position of a single hydroxyl group. DMS resolving power was enhanced 14-fold primarily by increasing the fraction of helium in the ion carrier gas and lowering the flow rate. At relatively high disaccharide concentrations, DMS-MS of each disaccharide resulted in complex and unique multi-peak spectra with up to ten fully and partially resolved peaks for β-1,4-mannobiose (Man-1,4β-Man), which can be attributed to the DMS separation and subsequent dissociation of ionic non-covalently bound oligomers into monomer ions. Each DMS spectrum has at least one differentiating peak that is not in the other spectra, indicating that DMS can be used to fully or partially resolve composition, configuration and connectivity isomers. At relatively low disaccharide concentrations, mixtures of disaccharide epimers can also be readily separated by DMS. The integration of high-resolution, ambient pressure DMS with complementary reduced-pressure ion mobility and MS-based glycomics and glycoproteomics workflows may be useful for improving the characterization of glycans and glycosylated biomolecules.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5RA19132G
Abstract: The formation of a silver nanowire monolayer (Ag NWML) galvanically replaced with gold (Au) directly on the electrodes of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) transducer for non-spectroscopic based elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) vapor sensing is reported in this study.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C5AN02568K
Abstract: Here, we developed Ag sensitive layer-based surface acoustic wave (SAW) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors and focused on their comparative analysis for Hg sensing applications.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 28-07-2021
Abstract: Non-invasive medical diagnosis by analysing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at the point-of-care is becoming feasible owing to recent advances in portable instrumentation. A number of studies have assessed the performance of a state-of-the-art VOC analyser (micro-chip high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry, FAIMS) for medical diagnosis. However, a comprehensive meta-analysis is needed to investigate the overall diagnostic performance of these novel methods across different medical conditions. An electronic search was performed using the CAplus and MEDLINE database through the SciFinder platform. The review identified a total of 23 studies and 2312 in iduals. Eighteen studies were used for meta-analysis. A pooled analysis found an overall sensitivity of 80% (95% CI, 74%-85%,
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-07-2018
DOI: 10.1002/PON.4495
Abstract: Exercise may reduce morbidity, increase survival, and improve quality of life (QoL) in prostate cancer patients. However, effective ways to encourage exercise outside carefully controlled clinical trials remain uncertain. We evaluated the effectiveness of peer-led self-management for increasing exercise participation in men with localized prostate cancer. Four hundred and sixty-three prostate cancer patients from Queensland, Australia were randomized to a monthly telephone-based group peer support for 6 months supported by self-management materials and exercise equipment (INT, n = 232) or usual care (UC, n = 231). Participants were assessed at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Primary outcomes were compliance with exercise guidelines secondary outcomes were psychological distress and QoL. Patients in INT engaged in more resistance exercise than UC at 3 months (19.4 [95% CI 6.52 to 32.28] min/wk, P = .003) and 6 months (14.6 [95% CI 1.69 to 27.58] min/wk, P = .027) more men achieved sufficient physical activity levels at 3 months (χ Peer-led intervention was effective in increasing patients' resistance exercise participation in the short-to-medium term and in the number of men achieving sufficient activity levels in the short-term however, this was not accompanied by overall improvements in QoL or psychological distress. Methods to increase effectiveness and maintain long-term adherence require further investigation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-11-2021
DOI: 10.3390/APP112210883
Abstract: Electrospray ionisation (ESI) is renowned for its ability to ionise intact proteins for sensitive detection by mass spectrometry (MS). However, the use of a conventional direct current ESI voltage can result in the formation of relatively large initial droplet sizes, which can limit efficient ion desolvation and sensitivity. Here, pulsed nanoESI (nESI) MS using nanoscale emitters with inner diameters of ~250 nm is reported. In this approach, the nESI voltage is rapidly pulsed from 0 to ~1.5 kV with sub-nanosecond rise times, duty cycles from 10 to 90%, and repetition rates of 10 to 350 kHz. Using pulsed nESI, the performance of MS for the detection of intact proteins can be improved in terms of increased ion abundances and decreased noise. The absolute ion abundances and signal-to-noise levels of protonated ubiquitin, cytochrome C, myoglobin, and carbonic anhydrase II formed from standard denaturing solutions can be increased by up to 82% and 154% using an optimal repetition rate of ~200 kHz compared to conventional nESI-MS. Applying pulsed nESI-MS to a mixture of four proteins resulted in the signal for each protein increasing by up to 184% compared to the more conventional nESI-MS. For smaller ions (≤1032 m/z), the signal can also be increased by the use of high repetition rates (200–250 kHz), which is consistent with the enhanced performance depending more on general factors associated with the ESI process (e.g., smaller initial droplet sizes and reduced Coulombic repulsion in the spray plume) rather than analyte-specific effects (e.g., electrophoretic mobility). The enhanced sensitivity of pulsed nESI is anticipated to be beneficial for many different types of tandem mass spectrometry measurements.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2015
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6RA14759C
Abstract: The study of the adsorption behavior of disease markers such as ammonia (NH 3 ) and acetaldehyde (CH 3 CHO) with biomaterials has been presented to enable the development of self-diagnosis technologies, among others.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-12-2016
Abstract: We developed a novel conductometric device with nanostructured gold (Au) sensitive layer which showed high-performance for elemental mercury (Hg(0)) vapor detection under simulated conditions that resemble harsh industrial environments. That is, the Hg(0) vapor sensing performance of the developed sensor was investigated under different operating temperatures (30-130 °C) and working conditions (i.e., humid) as well as in the presence of various interfering gas species, including ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitric oxide (NO), carbon mono-oxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as ethylmercaptan (EM), acetaldehyde (MeCHO) and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) among others. The results indicate that the introduction of Au nanostructures (referred to as nanospikes) on the sensor's surface enhanced the sensitivity toward Hg(0) vapor by up-to 450%. The newly developed sensor exhibited a limit of detection (LoD) (∼35 μg/m(3)), repeatability (∼94%), desorption efficiency (100%) and selectivity (∼93%) when exposed to different concentrations of Hg(0) vapor (0.5 to 9.1 mg/m(3)) and interfering gas species at a chosen operating temperature of 105 °C. Furthermore, the sensor was also found to show 91% average selectivity when exposed toward harsher industrial gases such as NO, CO, CO2, and SO2 along with same concentrations of Hg(0) vapor in similar operating conditions. In fact, this is the first time a conductometric sensor is shown to have high selectivity toward Hg(0) vapor even in the presence of H2S. Overall results indicate that the developed sensor has immense potential to be used as accurate online Hg(0) vapor monitoring technology within industrial processes.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-10-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 13-02-2018
DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2018.1438409
Abstract: Many commercial and academic institutions protect their commercially valuable research information using patents, making the patent literature a rich and early source of cutting-edge research. While scientists and students often create the data that finds its way into patents, some rarely read the patent literature. Here, we provide an informal and brief collection of hints and tips that may assist scientists and students who do not regularly read the patent literature to locate the key scientific findings that are disclosed by patentees. These tips will introduce the reader to: (i) the general structure of patents and the sections of the patents that scientists and students may find particularly helpful and (ii) a few factors to keep in mind when using data disclosed in the patent literature, such as patent lifespans, jurisdictions and the patent review processes. Although this is not a comprehensive and complete guide to reading patents, the accessible nature of this informal introduction to patent reading should assist scientists and students to make more effective use of the cutting-edge research disclosed in patent specifications.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-07-2021
DOI: 10.26434/CHEMRXIV-2021-ZJST9
Abstract: Glycans are ubiquitous, structurally erse molecules that have specific and general roles involving metabolism, structure, energy storage, and cell-to-cell signalling. Functional specificity depends strongly on the complexity of structures that polysaccharides can adopt based on their subunit composition, length, extent of branching, glycosidic bond connectivity and anomeric configuration. However, the rapid, sensitive, and comprehensive characterization of glycan isomers can be challenging owing to limitations associated with their separation. Here, ten composition, anomeric and connectivity disaccharide isomers were separated and detected using high-resolution differential ion mobility-mass spectrometry (DMS-MS, also known as FAIMS). Focus was primarily directed to compositional isomers corresponding to epimers that differ by the axial or equatorial position of a single hydroxyl group. DMS resolving power was enhanced 15-fold primarily by increasing the fraction of helium in the ion carrier gas and lowering the flow rate. DMS-MS of each disaccharide resulted in surprisingly complex and unique multi-peak spectra with up to ten fully and partially resolved peaks for β-1,4-mannobiose (Man-1,4β-Man). Each DMS spectrum has at least one differentiating peak that is not in the other spectra, indicating that DMS can be used to fully or partially resolve composition, configuration and connectivity isomers. Thus, DMS-MS has the potential to be used for identifying polysaccharide isomers in a spectral ‘fingerprinting’ approach. The integration of high-resolution DMS into high-throughput MS-based glycomics and glycoproteomics workflows may be useful in the future for improving the characterization of glycans and glycosylated biomolecules.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6RA03148J
Abstract: In this study, a surface acoustic wave based Hg 0 vapour sensor was developed where Ag IDT electrodes were employed as lone sensing elements.
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1155/2015/727432
Abstract: In recent years, mass based transducers such as quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) have gained huge interest as potential sensors for online detection of elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) vapor from anthropogenic sources due to their high portability and robust nature enabling them to withstand harsh industrial environments. In this study, we determined the optimal Hg 0 exposure and recovery times of a QCM based sensor for ensuring its efficient operation while monitoring low concentrations of Hg 0 vapor ( p p b v ). The developed sensor was based on an AT-cut quartz substrate and utilized two gold (Au) films on either side of the substrate which functions as the electrodes and selective layer simultaneously. Given the temporal response mechanisms associated with mass based mercury sensors, the experiments involved the variation of Hg 0 vapor exposure periods while keeping the recovery time constant following each exposure and vice versa. The results indicated that an optimum exposure and recovery periods of 30 and 90 minutes, respectively, can be utilized to acquire the highest response magnitudes and recovery rate towards a certain concentration of Hg 0 vapor whilst keeping the time it takes to report an accurate reading by the sensor to a minimum level as required in real-world applications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACA.2018.06.026
Abstract: The chiral analysis of enantiomers is important because bioactivity can depend strongly on stereochemistry as ligand-protein binding motifs are typically chiral. Ion mobility mass spectrometry-based methods are emerging for the rapid and sensitive chiral analysis of molecules. However, such methods are typically limited by the use of metal-bound trimers, which can be challenging to form owing to ion suppression and the need for extensive pre-screening experiments to identify suitable metal ions. Moreover, the chiral separation of very small molecules, such as cysteine and proline, using ion mobility has remained challenging. Here, using electrospray ionisation high-resolution differential ion mobility mass spectrometry (ESI-DMS-MS), we demonstrate that the enantiomers of benchmark amino acids as small as proline can be rapidly distinguished without the use of metal ions for the first time. ESI-DMS-MS of proton-bound diastereomeric dimer complexes, containing enantiomers of amino acids and a 'chiral selector' (N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-O-benzyl-l-serine BBS) corresponding to [L/D-X(BBS)+H]
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 23-02-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5AN00360A
Abstract: Theoretical and experimental demonstration that the developed SAW based sensor is highly sensitive and selective toward mercury vapor.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Start Date: 2019
End Date: 2021
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 05-2019
End Date: 06-2022
Amount: $401,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity