ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8997-4615
Current Organisations
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere
,
CSIRO
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2003
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 22-03-2017
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1995
DOI: 10.1071/MF9950819
Abstract: An egg survey was carried out in 1992 to estimate the biomass of the orange roughy stock that spawns off north-eastern Tasmania. Spawning occurs at depths of 700-1000 m around a single seamount from early July through early August. Orange roughy have determinate fecundity, and their fecundity and the depth distribution and development rate of the eggs are described elsewhere. A random stratified survey was designed for a limited area around the spawning site in order to s le the eggs fully during their first day of development. The eggs were s led with vertical tows from 1000 m to the surface. There was no evidence of significant mortality or other egg loss during the first day after spawning, when the eggs are mostly below 400 m. Subsequently, egg numbers declined rapidly at an instantaneous loss rate of 0.036 h-1, primariIy through advection out of the survey area. The estimated biomass of spawning fish was 27 445 t. From the proportion of non-spawning fish in the population (29% of females and 10% of males) and estimated catch of spawners, total mid-season stock biomass in 1992 was estimated to be 34 593 t with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 47%. A bootstrap estimate of the variance indicated a somewhat lower CV of 41%. The point source of spawning activity appears to give rise to a highly patchy egg distribution, which results in the high variance of the biomass estimate. From the catch history of the fishery, virgin biomass of the stock was estimated to be approximately 96 900 t, and the stock was at 28% of virgin biomass at the end of season. An acoustic survey of the spawning orange roughy provided a similar estimate of stock size. The acoustic survey had greatly reduced statistical confidence limits (CV = 6%) but far greater non-statistical sources of uncertainty, i.e. the species composition of acoustic targets and the target strength of these species.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 28-01-2019
Abstract: To assess fishing effects on data-poor species, impact can be derived from spatial overlap between species distribution and fishing effort and gear catchability. Here, we enhance the existing sustainability assessment for fishing effect method by estimating gear efficiency and heterogeneous density from sporadic catch data. We apply the method to two chondrichthyan bycatch species, Bight Skate and Draughtboard Shark in Australia, to assess cumulative fishing mortality (Fcum) from multiple fisheries. Gear efficiency is estimated from a Bayesian mixture distribution model and fish density is predicted by a generalized additive model. These results, combined with actual fishing effort, allow estimation of fishing mortality in each sector and subsequently, the Fcum. Risk is quantified by comparing Fcum with reference points based on life history parameters. When only the point estimates were considered, our result indicates that for the period 2009 and 2010 Bight Skate caught in 14 fisheries was at high cumulative risk (Fcum ≥ Flim) while Draughtboard Shark caught by 19 fisheries was at low cumulative risk (Fcum ≤ Fmsy). Because of the high cost of conducting cumulative risk assessments, we recommend examining the distribution of fishing effort across fisheries before carrying out the assessments.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 26-11-2015
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS11524
Publisher: CSIRO
Date: 2018
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2006
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1986
DOI: 10.1071/MF9860621
Abstract: The diet and feeding ecology of the demersal merlucciid M. novaezelandiae from three areas of the upper continental slope (420-550 m) of south-eastern Australia are described. The food consists almost entirely of mesopelagic fauna. The major prey are myctophid fish L anyctodes hectoris, other fishes, natant decapods, euphausiids and squid. Energy values of major prey items were determined by bomb calorimetry. Although euphausiids occur frequently in the diet, fish make up 90% of the energy intake. There is little regional variation. M. novaezelandiae undertakes diel vertical migrations that are similar to those of its prey, bringing it within 50 m of the surface at night. There is a seasonal trend towards cannibalism by adults on juveniles.
Publisher: CSIRO Australia
Date: 1994
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1071/MF99152
Abstract: A total of 8200 stomach s les was collected from 102 fish species caught by trawl or gillnet during research surveys on the south-eastern Australian shelf from 1993 to 1996. Diet compositions were analysed based on percentages of wet weight of prey. Of the total fish examined, 70 species had sufficient stomach s les (i.e. ) for further analysis. Ten trophic guilds were identified from cluster analysis. Benthic prey dominated the diets. However, analysis on a subset of 28 abundant species that were commercially and ecologically important, showed that pelagic prey was dominant, particularly for 12 quota species. This suggests that pelagic production contributes significantly to the trawl fishery production. Further analysis on the diets of these 28 species found that although fish was more important than invertebrate prey, there was no evidence of significant predation on commercially important species (quota species)by other fish species. A food web diagram was constructed, mostly based on the diet compositions, guild structure and relative abundance of commercially and ecologically important fish species, to show major trophic interactions of the shelf ecosystem.
Publisher: Australian Ocean Data Network
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.26198/N8Y5-N426
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2006
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 03-11-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-02-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: Hobart, Tas., CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
Date: 2007
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1995
DOI: 10.1071/MF9950697
Abstract: The development of the eggs of deep-sea fish has seldom been described. The eggs of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus), a mid-slope benthopelagic fish, were fertilized and incubated at three temperatures. Those incubated at 7�C hatched at 13 days wild eggs were estimated to hatch at 7.3 days. Their development rate was similar to that of eggs of fish from other orders and of shallower- living species. From depth-stratified plankton s les, early-stage eggs were found at 500-700 m. Their buoyancy was estimated to be 6.02 kg m-3, the upper end of the range of known fish-egg buoyancies. The eggs rose to the upper mixed layer at an estimated 23.8 m h-1, which is faster than ascent rates reported for other fishes. Their relative buoyancy and large size would be the reason for this faster rate. However, large egg size is apparently not an adaptation to enhance development rate the more rapid rise into warmer water reduces development time but does not fully compensate for the slower development.
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2006
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2007
Publisher: CSIRO
Date: 2013
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1071/MF98104
Abstract: Egg production of the blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae, spawning stock off western Tasmania was surveyed from June through September in 1994 and 1995. In each year, daily egg production rates were calculated for each of three surveys and a normal curve was fitted to estimate annual egg production. The CV for the egg production estimate for the survey at the peak of the 1995 season was 14%. Daily egg mortality was not significant in any survey, but a value of 5% was assumed. The spawning biomass of blue grenadier on the west coast of Tasmania was estimated to be between 83 660 and 100 073 t in 1994 and between 59 727 and 71 376 t in 1995. Confidence limits of the estimates were obtained by a bootstrap where the highly skewed egg density data were res led. Biomass was approximately inversely proportional to incubation time. Increases or decreases in mortality resulted in slightly smaller increases or decreases of biomass respectively. Uncertainty of the sex ratio between spawning and non-spawning periods caused the largest variation in biomass estimate (~30%). The proportion of the population that spawns each year remains a further uncertainty in the estimate of total stock biomass.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 30-10-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1994
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2006
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
Date: 2011
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2006
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 13-04-2018
Abstract: Abstract. Model intercomparison studies in the climate and Earth sciences communities have been crucial to building credibility and coherence for future projections. They have quantified variability among models, spurred model development, contrasted within- and among-model uncertainty, assessed model fits to historical data, and provided ensemble projections of future change under specified scenarios. Given the speed and magnitude of anthropogenic change in the marine environment and the consequent effects on food security, bio ersity, marine industries, and society, the time is ripe for similar comparisons among models of fisheries and marine ecosystems. Here, we describe the Fisheries and Marine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project protocol version 1.0 (Fish-MIP v1.0), part of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP), which is a cross-sectoral network of climate impact modellers. Given the complexity of the marine ecosystem, this class of models has substantial heterogeneity of purpose, scope, theoretical underpinning, processes considered, parameterizations, resolution (grain size), and spatial extent. This heterogeneity reflects the lack of a unified understanding of the marine ecosystem and implies that the assemblage of all models is more likely to include a greater number of relevant processes than any single model. The current Fish-MIP protocol is designed to allow these heterogeneous models to be forced with common Earth System Model (ESM) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) outputs under prescribed scenarios for historic (from the 1950s) and future (to 2100) time periods it will be adapted to CMIP phase 6 (CMIP6) in future iterations. It also describes a standardized set of outputs for each participating Fish-MIP model to produce. This enables the broad characterization of differences between and uncertainties within models and projections when assessing climate and fisheries impacts on marine ecosystems and the services they provide. The systematic generation, collation, and comparison of results from Fish-MIP will inform an understanding of the range of plausible changes in marine ecosystems and improve our capacity to define and convey the strengths and weaknesses of model-based advice on future states of marine ecosystems and fisheries. Ultimately, Fish-MIP represents a step towards bringing together the marine ecosystem modelling community to produce consistent ensemble medium- and long-term projections of marine ecosystems.
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2007
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1987
DOI: 10.1071/MF9870243
Abstract: Densities of the brittle star O. fidelis at a site on the upper continental slope (420-580 m) off eastern Tasmania, Australia, were calculated from underwater photographs. Their beds covered 61% of the substratum, with a mean density of 348 animals m-2 (52.2 g m-2). The starfish Mediaster australiensis, which was restricted to O. fidelis beds, had a mean density of 0.09 animals m-2 (5.5 g m-2). Gut analyses of trawled M. australiensis confirmed that they are predators of 0. fidelis, as were several common benthic fish species.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 06-10-2017
DOI: 10.5194/GMD-2017-209
Abstract: Abstract. Model intercomparison studies in the climate and earth sciences communities have been crucial to build credibility and coherence for future projections. They have quantified variability among models, spurred model development, contrasted within- and among-model uncertainty, assessed model fits to historical data, and provided ensemble projections of future change under specified scenarios. Given the speed and magnitude of anthropogenic change in the marine environment, and consequent effects on food security, bio ersity, marine industries and society, the time is ripe for similar comparisons among models of fisheries and marine ecosystems. Here, we describe the Fisheries and Marine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project protocol version 1.0 (Fish-MIP v1.0), part of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP), a cross-sectoral network of climate impact modellers. Given the complexity of the marine ecosystem, this class of models has substantial heterogeneity of purpose, scope, theoretical underpinning, processes considered, parameterizations, resolution (grain size) and spatial extent. This heterogeneity reflects the lack of a unified understanding of the marine ecosystem, and implies that the assemblage of all models is more likely to include a greater number of relevant processes than is any single model. The current Fish-MIP protocol is designed to allow these heterogeneous models to be forced with common Earth System Model (ESM) CMIP5 outputs under prescribed scenarios for historic (from 1950s) and future (to 2100) time periods it will be adapted to CMIP6 in future iterations. It also describes a standardized set of outputs for each participating Fish-MIP model to produce. This enables the broad characterization of differences between, and uncertainties within, models and projections when assessing climate and fisheries impacts on marine ecosystems and the services they provide. The systematic generation, collation and comparison of results from Fish-MIP will inform understanding of the range of plausible changes in marine ecosystems, and improve our capacity to define and convey strengths and weaknesses of model-based advice on future states of marine ecosystems and fisheries. Ultimately, Fish-MIP represents a step towards bringing together the marine ecosystem modelling community to produce consistent ensemble medium- and long-term projections of marine ecosystems.
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2006
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 02-2019
DOI: 10.1029/2018EF000990
Publisher: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2008
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 11-06-2019
Abstract: While the physical dimensions of climate change are now routinely assessed through multimodel intercomparisons, projected impacts on the global ocean ecosystem generally rely on in idual models with a specific set of assumptions. To address these single-model limitations, we present standardized ensemble projections from six global marine ecosystem models forced with two Earth system models and four emission scenarios with and without fishing. We derive average biomass trends and associated uncertainties across the marine food web. Without fishing, mean global animal biomass decreased by 5% (±4% SD) under low emissions and 17% (±11% SD) under high emissions by 2100, with an average 5% decline for every 1 °C of warming. Projected biomass declines were primarily driven by increasing temperature and decreasing primary production, and were more pronounced at higher trophic levels, a process known as trophic lification. Fishing did not substantially alter the effects of climate change. Considerable regional variation featured strong biomass increases at high latitudes and decreases at middle to low latitudes, with good model agreement on the direction of change but variable magnitude. Uncertainties due to variations in marine ecosystem and Earth system models were similar. Ensemble projections performed well compared with empirical data, emphasizing the benefits of multimodel inference to project future outcomes. Our results indicate that global ocean animal biomass consistently declines with climate change, and that these impacts are lified at higher trophic levels. Next steps for model development include dynamic scenarios of fishing, cumulative human impacts, and the effects of management measures on future ocean biomass trends.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-1987
DOI: 10.1007/BF00409564
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; AFMA
Date: 2007
Publisher: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2007
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Date: 2008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 1992
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 26-08-2011
Abstract: High harvest levels of low–trophic level fishes may have cascading marine ecosystem effects.
Publisher: Australian Ocean Data Network
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.26198/2H51-QE87
Publisher: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2014
DOI: 10.1890/ES14-00068.1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Australian Fisheries Management Authority
Date: 2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-1988
DOI: 10.1007/BF00392564
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 1992
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS082115
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-06-2016
DOI: 10.1111/FAF.12165
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1071/MF01057
Abstract: The demersal fish community on the mid-slope off southern Tasmania in south-eastern Australia is dominated by orange roughy Hoplostethus atlanticus (Trachichthyidae), several species of oreosomatids, macrourids, squalids, alepocephalids and a synaphobranchid eel. Cluster analysis based on diet dissimilarities of proportional prey weight identified five major trophic guilds: pyrosome-feeders, crustacean feeders, piscivores, benthopelagic omnivores and benthic-invertebrate feeders. Overall, the fish fed predominantly on pelagic or benthopelagic prey, consistent with other trophic studies in the Australasian region and the Northern Hemisphere. H. atlanticus, warty dory Allocyttus verrucosus, and the macrourid Coryphaenoides serrulatus were benthopelagic omnivores that ate mesopelagic fishes, crustaceans and squid. The first two species ate more mesopelagic fishes as their sizes increased. The squalids were predominantly piscivorous but might also scavenge. Macrourids were benthic-invertebrate feeders, pelagic crustacean feeders or benthopelagic omnivores. The alepocephalids and the smooth oreo Pseudocyttus maculatus were pyrosome-feeders. No seasonal variation in diet was found for any species. Ecological indices varied within each guild. Benthopelagic omnivores and piscivores had the largest diet breadth, evenness and ersity. Trophic levels ranged from 3.0 for pyrosome-feeders to 4.9 for piscivores and the overall average for the community was 3.7.
Location: Australia
No related grants have been discovered for Catherine Bulman.