ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3901-8999
Current Organisations
University of Cape Coast
,
Universiteit van Amsterdam
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 09-07-2019
DOI: 10.5194/GMD-2019-115
Abstract: Abstract. Since the mid 1990s, Australia's Commonwealth Science Industry and Research Organisation (CSIRO) has developed a biogeochemical (BGC) model for coupling with a hydrodynamic and sediment model for application in estuaries, coastal waters and shelf seas. The suite of coupled models is referred to as the CSIRO Environmental Modelling Suite (EMS) and has been applied at tens of locations around the Australian continent. At a mature point in the BGC model's development, this paper presents a full mathematical description, as well as links to the freely available code and User Guide. The mathematical description is structured into processes so that the details of new parameterisations can be easily identified, along with their derivation. The EMS BGC model cycles carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and oxygen through multiple phytoplankton, zooplankton, detritus and dissolved organic and inorganic forms in multiple water column and sediment layers. The underwater light field is simulated by a spectrally-resolved optical model that includes the calculation of water-leaving reflectance for validation with remote sensing. The water column is dynamically coupled to the sediment to resolve deposition, resuspension and benthic-pelagic biogeochemical fluxes. With a focus on shallow waters, the model also includes particularly-detailed representations of benthic plants such as seagrass, macroalgae and coral polyps. A second focus has been on, where possible, the use of geometric derivations of physical limits to constrain ecological rates, which generally requires population-based rates to be derived from initially considering the size and shape of in iduals. For ex le, zooplankton grazing considers encounter rates of one predator on a prey field based on summing relative motion of the predator with the prey in iduals and the search area, chlorophyll synthesis includes a geometrically-derived self-shading term, and the bottom coverage of benthic plants is generically-related to their biomass using an exponential form derived from geometric arguments. This geometric approach has led to a more algebraically-complicated set of equations when compared to more empirical biogeochemical model formulations. But while being algebraically-complicated, the model has fewer unconstrained parameters and is therefore simpler to move between applications than it would otherwise be. The version of the biogeochemistry described here is implemented in the eReefs project that is delivering a near real time coupled hydrodynamic, sediment and biogeochemical simulation of the Great Barrier Reef, northeast Australia, and its formulation provides an ex le of the application of geometric reasoning in the formulation of aquatic ecological processes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 08-2019
DOI: 10.1029/2019JC014998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOPHA.2018.12.147
Abstract: Both young and old leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) are traditionally used to treat inflammation, pain and fever. However, the efficacy of young and old leaves for treating these ailments have not been compared till date. To ascertain the effect of young and old leaves of VA in managing inflammation, pain and fever. Both quantitative and qualitative phytochemical screening of ethanol extracts of young (EthYL) and old (EthOL) leaves of VA were performed. The anti-inflammatory activity of orally administered EthYL and EthOL (50-200 mg/kg) and Diclofenac (10 mg/kg) were evaluated in carrageenan-induced inflammation model in rats. Antipyretic activity of EthYL, EthOL and Aspirin (25 mg/kg) were assessed in the Baker's yeast-induced pyrexia model. Anti-allodynic effect of both extracts were evaluated by inserting inflamed paws of rats in cold water. Antinociceptive property of the extracts were assessed using tail withdrawal and formalin-induced nociception test. Histopathological examination of the paws was performed, in addition to formalin test to understand the possible mechanism of action of the extracts. Negative control rats received 2 ml/kg normal saline in all tests. The amount of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and phenolics were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in EthOL than EthYL, while saponins were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in EthYL than EthOL. The antioxidant ability and total antioxidant capacity were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in EthYL than EthOL. However, this was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the anti-oxidant activity of Ascorbic acid. A dose-dependent increase in anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and antinociceptive properties were observed in both EthYL and EthOL, similar to the standard drugs. Mast cell degranulation accompanied by vasodilatation and high leukocytosis were observed in the negative control, but were markedly low in extract treated groups. Both extracts mediated their analgesic effect through opioidergic and nitric oxide pathways with EthYL additionally implicating the muscarinic cholinergic system. Although both EthYL and EthOL alleviate inflammation, pyrexia and nociception, EthYL of VA was found to be more potent than EthOL.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 08-2022
DOI: 10.1029/2022JC018494
Abstract: Light absorption by phytoplankton drives marine primary production and determines ocean color. Phytoplankton absorption is a function of the pigment composition, wavelength, intracellular pigment concentration, and the cells' type. This paper presents phytoplankton absorption spectra reconstructed from in situ pigment concentration and a library of pigment‐specific absorption coefficients from 32 in idual pigment standards, including chlorophylls, caretonoids and phycobilins. The s les dominated by small phytoplankton show no significant difference between calculated absorption and that measured by a spectrophotometer. The component of absorption due to large cells, determined by diagnostic pigments analysis, required correction for the package effect. For the global ocean, the reconstructed phytoplankton absorption was overestimated by 16% at 443 nm and underestimated by 13% over the range between 400 and 700 nm. Following our reconstruction protocol, this approach allows the estimation of phytoplankton absorption spectra from many locations where pigment concentration has been measured, but no directly observed phytoplankton absorption measurements are available.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 09-07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOPHA.2017.10.100
Abstract: The standard therapy of AML for many years has been chemotherapy with or without stem transplantation. However, there has not been any tangible improvement in this treatment beyond induction through chemotherapy and consolidation with allogeneic stem cell transplantation or chemotherapy. Residual AML cells which later cause relapse mostly persist even after rigorous standard therapy. It is imperative therefore to find an alternative therapy that can take care of the residual AML cells. With a better understanding of how the immune system works to destroy tumor cells and inhibit their growth, another therapeutic option immunotherapy has emerged to address the difficulties associated with the standard therapy. Identification of leukemia-associated antigens (LAA) and the fact that T and NK cells can be activated to exert cytotoxicity on AML cells have further introduced erse immunotherapeutic development strategies. This review discusses the merits of current immunotherapeutic strategies such as the use of antibodies, adoptive T cells and alloreactive NK cell, and vaccination as against the standard therapy of AML.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-04-2017
DOI: 10.3390/RS9040343
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 25-09-2020
Abstract: Abstract. Since the mid-1990s, Australia's Commonwealth Science Industry and Research Organisation (CSIRO) has been developing a biogeochemical (BGC) model for coupling with a hydrodynamic and sediment model for application in estuaries, coastal waters and shelf seas. The suite of coupled models is referred to as the CSIRO Environmental Modelling Suite (EMS) and has been applied at tens of locations around the Australian continent. At a mature point in the BGC model's development, this paper presents a full mathematical description, as well as links to the freely available code and user guide. The mathematical description is structured into processes so that the details of new parameterisations can be easily identified, along with their derivation. In EMS, the underwater light field is simulated by a spectrally resolved optical model that calculates vertical light attenuation from the scattering and absorption of 20+ optically active constituents. The BGC model itself cycles carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and oxygen through multiple phytoplankton, zooplankton, detritus and dissolved organic and inorganic forms in multiple water column and sediment layers. The water column is dynamically coupled to the sediment to resolve deposition, resuspension and benthic–pelagic biogeochemical fluxes. With a focus on shallow waters, the model also includes detailed representations of benthic plants such as seagrass, macroalgae and coral polyps. A second focus has been on, where possible, the use of geometric derivations of physical limits to constrain ecological rates. This geometric approach generally requires population-based rates to be derived from initially considering the size and shape of in iduals. For ex le, zooplankton grazing considers encounter rates of one predator on a prey field based on summing relative motion of the predator with the prey in iduals and the search area chlorophyll synthesis includes a geometrically derived self-shading term and the bottom coverage of benthic plants is calculated from their biomass using an exponential form derived from geometric arguments. This geometric approach has led to a more algebraically complicated set of equations when compared to empirical biogeochemical model formulations based on populations. But while being algebraically complicated, the model has fewer unconstrained parameters and is therefore simpler to move between applications than it would otherwise be. The version of EMS described here is implemented in the eReefs project that delivers a near-real-time coupled hydrodynamic, sediment and biogeochemical simulation of the Great Barrier Reef, northeast Australia, and its formulation provides an ex le of the application of geometric reasoning in the formulation of aquatic ecological processes.
No related grants have been discovered for Monika Soja-Woźniak.