ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2714-9660
Current Organisations
University of Western Australia
,
Kalgoorlie Regional Hospital
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Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-02-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2015
DOI: 10.1111/JPC.13008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1111/JPC.12446
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-01-2023
DOI: 10.1111/RAQ.12788
Abstract: Global seaweed aquaculture production has more than tripled since 2002 and is dominated by Asian countries with farming operations that typically occur in relatively wave‐protected, nearshore areas. To meet future demand, production must move to “non‐traditional” regions and into less contested waters offshore. However, the technological complexities and uncertainties in the performance of seaweed cultivated in high‐energy offshore environments are substantial and must be overcome. Here, we identify knowledge gaps and suggest a research roadmap to inform the advancement of a commercial offshore seaweed aquaculture industry using southern Australian species as case studies: (1) Durvillaea spp. (order Fucales) (2) four kelps (order Laminariales) and (3) the rhodophyte Asparagopsis . These groups lie along a spectrum of commercial viability and readiness for offshore aquaculture, and key knowledge gaps are cultivation technology and the suitability to offshore conditions. Cultivation of Durvillaea is restricted by a low level of biological and technical understanding, but there is high market potential and readiness. For laminarian kelps, commercial production in nearshore conditions is already occurring elsewhere, which make them the most likely candidate for offshore cultivation in the medium term. Asparagopsis is least suited to offshore conditions, with substantial gaps in general cultivation knowledge, and its cultivation is likely to be restricted to land‐based systems or relatively sheltered nearshore waters. The knowledge gaps identified here will inform research and development programs to advance offshore seaweed aquaculture in southern Australia and globally.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S10811-022-02822-Y
Abstract: The bio ersity benefits of kelp aquaculture and afforestation are increasingly acclaimed as the industry continues to grow and develop globally, however, whether farmed kelp can provide this ecosystem service remains unclear. Using peer-reviewed literature, we evaluated whether kelp farms provide bio ersity benefits, and identified only 23 studies that discussed the effects of kelp aquaculture on bio ersity, half of which were broad reviews that only assessed the concept of ‘bio ersity’ peripherally (e.g. did not focus on specific responses or taxa). There is also a general lack of experimental research on the topic. Based on the evidence, it seems that kelp farms can create habitat via changes to the local environment, particularly through the provision of structure and changed nutrient cycling. While this can lead to increased abundance and ersity among certain taxa (e.g. fouling organisms), it seems that kelp farms typically create novel habitats that support distinct communities not equivalent to natural kelp forests. Moreover, the potential for kelp farms to support bio ersity depends on a range of operational factors, many of which may be at odds with farming objectives that require the harvest and removal of the habitat that farms provide. While more work needs to be done to address the complexity of comparisons between kelp farms and forests, especially at appropriate experimental scales, it currently seems unlikely that kelp farms will act as kelp forests and deliver meaningful bio ersity outcomes. We should instead recognise farms for providing their own valuable services and support restoration and conservation practices of kelp forests to pursue bio ersity outcomes.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-04-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S10811-023-02968-3
Abstract: Lessonia (order Laminariales) is a kelp genus restricted to the temperate southern hemisphere, where species form dense forests from the low intertidal to 25 m depth at wave exposed sites. Lessonia spp. are among the most harvested kelps globally due to their importance in providing raw materials for food, cosmetics, bioactive and biomedical industries. Over-harvesting of natural beds can negatively affect Lessonia populations and the many species that depend on these habitats, including commercially important fish and molluscs, but good harvest management plans reduce these impacts on natural Lessonia stocks. However, the increasing demand for raw materials will likely only be met by aquaculture for which Lessonia shows high potential in pilot scale studies undertaken in Chile, New Zealand, and Australia. In this concise review, we highlight the current knowledge of Lessonia spp. taxonomy and distribution, life history, ecology and ecosystem services, wild harvest, aquaculture, and commercial applications. We discuss future research directions.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-12-2007
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 25-01-2023
Abstract: Tasmania is an island state in south-eastern Australia that has a long and rich history of seaweed use, research, and development. It is a cool-temperate system with 750 macroalgal species currently described. Tasmanian Aboriginal peoples have lived on this land for at least 40,000 years utilising seaweed as food, shelter, water carriers and medicine, as well as for ceremonial reasons. Modern taxonomic investigations began with French naturalist Jacques-Julien Houtou de La Billardière in 1791, and there are 184 type specimens of seaweeds originating from Tasmania. Ecological and physiological studies of seaweed in Tasmania have focussed on the dominant large brown seaweeds (Laminariales and Fucales) and have contributed significantly to the global understanding of these systems, particularly related to community resilience, seaweed-urchin interactions, their habitat-forming role for other species, responses to global change, and restoration of lost habitat. Ocean warming and changing oceanography have caused a 95% decline in surface canopy cover of Macrocystis pyrifera in eastern Tasmania since the 1950s and led to a focus on restoring these lost forests. Tasmanian seaweed communities have a uniquely high proportion (up to ∼90%) of seaweeds that rely solely on CO 2 for photosynthesis, which has implications for responses to ocean acidification. Tasmania has industries that use brown seaweeds for fucoidan extraction and beach-cast harvest for alginates, fertilisers, and feeds for agriculture. New aquaculture initiatives include integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, offshore kelp mariculture and Asparagopsis cultivation for bioactive products to reduce methane emissions in ruminants, as and the development of unexploited species including Caulerpa spp. for food.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-10-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2003
DOI: 10.1046/J.1440-1754.2003.00159.X
Abstract: Renal stones have been reported as a common finding in Australian Aboriginal children. The stones are predominantly urate in composition. We report on five children with nephrolithiasis from the Goldfields region of Western Australia. All were diagnosed when under 5 years of age, the majority being under 3 years. All five children also had lactose intolerance, and we postulate that carbohydrate malabsorption, together with the ensuing chronic diarrhoea and intraluminal breakdown of sugars by enteric bacteria may result in a situation of chronic metabolic acidosis. Chronic metabolic acidosis can lead to protein catabolism, increased urate excretion and the formation of renal stones. Carbohydrate intolerance may be an aetiological factor in the development of renal stones and possibly chronic renal disease, particularly in Aboriginal Australians. Renal disease represents one of the most significant factors affecting the health of Australian Aboriginal people. The incidence of end stage renal failure in this population exceeds that of non-Aboriginals by a factor of 13:1, and this disproportionate figure is increasing. It is likely that chronic renal damage is multifactorial however, it is probable that at least some aetiological factors have their onset during childhood.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 24-10-2022
Abstract: Kelp aquaculture is an emerging industry outside of Asia. To be successful, this industry requires a reliable production of seedstock, the optimisation of which greatly benefits from a detailed physiological understanding of the microscopic life-cycle stages of the cultured species. This study investigated the impact of six zoospore densities (10–278 mm −2 ) on the subsequent development of Ecklonia radiata gametophytes and sporophytes. The results showed that germination rates and sex ratio were unaffected by initial zoospore density, but there were significant effects on gametophyte size and sporophyte production. After two weeks, female gametophytes were largest at an initial zoospore density of 40 mm −2 while male gametophytes grew largest at densities below 40 mm −2 , but after four weeks gametophyte size showed a negative relationship with initial zoospore density. Significantly more sporophytes developed at initial zoospore densities below 40 in iduals mm −2 and no sporophytes were observed at the highest density (271 zoospores mm −2 ). These results clearly show the importance of initial zoospore density in optimising the nursery stage of kelp aquaculture.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-10-2023
DOI: 10.1111/JPY.13406
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Rural and Remote Health
Date: 09-06-2020
DOI: 10.22605/RRH5440
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2004
DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-1754.2004.00360.X
Abstract: Objectives: To explore perceptions, knowledge and experience of otitis media (OM) and barriers to compliance with treatment among Aboriginal people of the Kalgoorlie‐Boulder area, Western Australia. Methods: This qualitative applied research study is based on a holistic design. We conducted structured interviews with three community focus groups, 56 key informants, and 22 mothers of babies known to have suffered from OM. Written records of interviews were checked with participants. The three sources of data enabled comparison and verification of results. Results: People were concerned about serious consequences of OM, especially deafness and learning difficulties. Since early disease may have no localizing symptoms, not surprisingly, people had limited understanding of the aetiology of OM and were often only aware of disease once ear discharge was visible. Nevertheless, they usually sought treatment for non‐specific symptoms. Competing demands in people's daily lives and the unpleasant, intensive nature of treatment result in families becoming resigned to a child's chronic ear discharge. Someone other than the biological mother within the extended family may be responsible for administering treatments. Half the carers thought passive smoking may predispose children to OM and 70% suggested clearing the nasal passages to prevent OM. Results of surgery were viewed positively but specialist services were not always readily accessible. Conclusions: Since responsibility for treatment may not lie with the biological mother, awareness c aigns must target the entire community. As early OM may be asymptomatic, health personnel should be encouraged to do otoscopy on all children with non‐specific symptoms.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1039/D2AY02015G
Abstract: Matrix-matched calibrants improved the detection of toxic metals in teeth.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Abstract: The Western Desert Kidney Health Project (WDKHP) is an innovative clinical screening, arts-health and community development program, staffed by Aboriginal health workers. The WDKHP is aimed at prevention and early detection, improving the chance of better management of kidney disease among people in 10 predominantly Aboriginal communities in rural Western Australia. This paper aimed to understand community responses to the WDKHP in three of these communities. Interviews were undertaken with 26 Aboriginal people living in three remote communities. Community responses were analysed with attention to the social organisation of participants in each community and a focus on the perspectives of key groups, identified here as 'Community Leaders', 'Homelanders', 'Refuge Seekers' and 'Dislocated'. Participants from all groups reported that the WDKHP was highly acceptable, and an effective means of drawing attention to the need for prevention, early detection and management of diabetes and kidney disease. The integration of Aboriginal health workers to explain the project contributed to the high rates of participation in clinical screening. Outreach clinical services can be an appropriate method of engaging people in remote communities in addressing diabetes and kidney disease. The remote community setting can act as an 'enabler' of healthy lifestyle for Aboriginal people, particularly when augmented by well-designed outreach programs.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-08-2008
No related grants have been discovered for Christine Jeffries-Stokes.